JP5733325B2 - Transplanter - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a transplanter.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, there is known a vegetable seedling transplanting machine including a planting device that holds a planting tool at its rear end so that it can be lifted by a lifting arm. This vegetable seedling transplanter can move up and down while maintaining the posture of the planting tool by a lifting arm having a front end connected to the body side and a parallel link that moves in parallel, and also supports the front end of the lifting arm eccentrically. By changing the posture of the planting tool, stable planting can be achieved with small interference with a tall vegetable seedling.

JP 11-89330 A

  However, the planting device of the vegetable seedling transplanter configured as described above has a large difference between the descending position and the ascending position of the planting tool during planting, and in the case of planting a seedling that requires deep planting, Since the opening diameter of the planting hole increases with the depth, it is difficult to hold the seedlings upright and stably, so that there is a problem that the range of applicable planting depths is limited.

  The problem to be solved is to provide a transplanter capable of stable planting over a wide range of planting depths regardless of the planting depth.

The invention according to claim 1 is a planting tool (11), a lifting arm (12) capable of moving up and down while holding the planting tool (11) at the rear end, and a parallel with the lifting arm (12). Then, in the transplanting machine provided with the planting device (6) constituted by the sub-link (13) that is connected to the planting tool (11) and holds the posture while performing the lifting operation, the lifting arm (12) ) Is connected to a swing arm (14) that can swing back and forth, and a crank arm (15) that is connected to an intermediate portion (12b) of the lift arm (12) to be rotated. The planting tool (11) is configured to be opened and closed and planted, and an opening / closing lever (16) for opening and closing the planting tool (11) is provided as a fulcrum between the planting tool (11) and the lifting arm (12). (12c) pivotally supported, lifting arm (12) and crank arm 15) and a connecting rod (17) for connecting the opening / closing lever (16) and the opening / closing arm (18), and an opening / closing arm (18). An opening / closing cam (20) acting on the device is provided .

The invention according to claim 2 is provided with a sub crank arm (19) connected to the front end of the sub link (13) and rotating in synchronism with the rotation of the crank arm (15). 2. The transplanter according to claim 1, wherein the swing arm (14) is longer .

  The invention which concerns on Claim 3 provides the seedling conveying apparatus (7) which supplies a seedling to a planting apparatus (6), and is equipped with an input-output shaft (41a) with a planting apparatus (6) and a seedling conveying apparatus (7). 41b) and a planting clutch (45a) that controls transmission of the transmission power, and a transmission shaft (44) and a seedling of the planting device (6). The transplanter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmission shaft (45) of the transfer device (7) is disposed between the input / output shafts (41a, 41b) of the transmission (41). .

  The invention according to claim 4 is provided with a seedling transporting device (7) for supplying seedlings to the planting device (6), and the seedling transporting device (7) includes a circulating seedling receiving cup (7c). An orbiting slide plate (51) for closing the lower end of the seedling receiving cup (7c) and receiving the seedlings in the seedling receiving cup (7c) so as not to fall is provided along the circulating path of the seedling receiving cup (7c). The transplanter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transplanter is provided.

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, since the tip of the lifting arm 12 can be moved back and forth by the swing arm 14, the planting tool 11 at the rear end is greatly moved up and down along with the back and forth movement by the rotation of the crank arm 15. Since the elevating operation is performed along the circular path, and the tip of the elevating arm 12 is accompanied by a change in the elevating speed of the planting tool 11 due to a change in the height position due to the arc trajectory of the swing arm 14, the planting tool In the vicinity of the lower limit position of the ellipsoidal track 11, the speed is increased in a superimposed manner when the front and rear are lowered and lifted. When planting and traveling at a constant forward vehicle speed V with the front side as a lowering operation and the rear side as an ascending operation, the planting tool 11 is lowered by a high-speed lifting operation while the ground speed at the lower limit position is kept small. Since the difference between the position of the path and the ascending path can be kept within a certain range, the diameter of the planting hole that the planting tool 11 drills in the field can be reduced stably without being influenced by the planting depth. It can be planted, i.e. the range of planting depth can be expanded.

Furthermore , the planting tool 11 can be opened and closed with high accuracy by a simple configuration.
According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or 2, the transmission system of the planting device and the seedling conveying device can be constituted by a compact transmission case.

Side view of vegetable seedling transplanter showing configuration example of invention application Enlarged side view of the main part of the planting device Side view of the planting tool descending Link configuration diagram of planting equipment Side view of the locus of raising and lowering planting tools Side view of the locus of raising and lowering the planting tool during planting Main axis drawing of main transmission mechanism Enlarged side view of the main part of the planting transmission part Transmission system development of planting transmission section Top view (a) and side view (b) of seedling transfer device Bottom view of seedling cup

Embodiments specifically configured based on the above technical idea will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view of a vegetable seedling transplanter showing an example of the configuration of the invention.

  The transplanter 1 includes an engine 2 and a main transmission mechanism 3 at the front, front left and right guide wheels 4 and 4 as traveling wheels, rear left and right drive wheels 5 and 5, and a case of the main transmission mechanism 3. A handle frame 3a extending from the rear is provided with a planting unit 6 and a seedling conveying device 7, a planting part, covering soil pressure wheels 8 and 8, a steering handle 9 and the like.

  More specifically, the main transmission mechanism 3 is provided with arm-like left and right transmission support portions 5a and 5a on both sides of the main transmission mechanism 3 so as to be rotatable. The planting part which consists of the planting apparatus 6 which supported the drive wheels 5 and 5 on either side via 5a and 5a, and was equipped with the below-mentioned planting tool 11 so that raising / lowering was possible, and the seedling conveyance apparatus 7 of a circumference table type | mold. Is driven in synchronization with the traveling system.

  The seedling transporting device 7 in the planting part has a seed receiving cup 7c... Arranged at an equal pitch as a receiver that can receive the input seedling, and is a flat that moves around in conjunction with a traveling system via a transmission rod (not shown). It is configured in a table format, and an elliptical track passing through the rising end position of the planting tool 11 is configured to be able to go around. The seedlings are conveyed and dropped onto the planting device 6 by the individual seedling receiving cups 7c.

  As shown in FIG. 2, an enlarged side view of the main part of the planting device 6 is a bowl-shaped planting tool 11 that can receive a seedling from an opening 11 a formed in the upper part and can be opened and closed left and right, and the planting tool 11. The raising / lowering arm 12 that connects the front end side to the planting transmission part 3c that drives the raising / lowering, and the holder 11b of the planting tool 11 are held while moving up and down in parallel with the lower side of the raising / lowering arm 12 to maintain the posture. It consists of the sub-link 13. Further, the front end portion 12a of the lifting arm 12 is connected to be movable back and forth via a swinging arm 14 pivotally supported by a lower end 14a so as to swing back and forth, and a connecting point of an intermediate portion of the lifting arm 12 A crank arm 15 that rotationally drives 12b is provided.

  The connecting portion 13c between the sub-link 13 and the planting tool 11 is arranged at the rear part of the holder 11b for compactness, and the opening / closing lever 16 for opening / closing the planting tool 11 is provided as a fulcrum with the lifting arm 12. 12c is supported. The open / close lever 16 is provided with an open / close arm 18 that can be operated in parallel via a connecting rod 17, and is pivotally supported at the connecting point 12 b of the crank arm 15, and rotates in parallel with the rotating operation of the crank arm 15. A sub crank arm 19 that supports the front end of the link 13 is provided, and an open / close cam 20 is provided integrally with the sub crank arm 19 to act on the open / close arm 18 at a predetermined timing via a roller 18a.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the planting device 6 having the above-described configuration has the planting tool 11 interlocked with the lifting operation by the lifting arm 12 that is swung up and down by the rotation of the crank arm 15. Open and close to the left and right to plant seedlings. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the link configuration diagram and the operation diagram thereof are respectively shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when the crank arm 15 rotates, the front end portion 12 a of the elevating arm 12 moves up and down by the swing arm 14. The planting tool 11 at the rear end position is swung up and down by the elliptical track A extending vertically according to the distance from the connecting point 12b of the crank arm 15 so that its peripheral speed is increased before and after the lower limit position B. Is done.

  The shape of the ellipsoidal track A is roughly defined by a mathematical formula in which the major axis diameter L4 is (L1 + L2) / L1, and the minor axis diameter L5 is 2R. In this case, the radius of the crank arm 15 is R, the length of the lifting arm 12 from the swing arm 14 to the crank arm 15 is L1, the length of the lifting arm 12 from the crank arm 15 to the planting tool 11 is L2, The length of the swing arm 14 is L3, and L3> R.

  Further, since the planting tool shifts from the descending operation to the ascending operation before and after the apex position D by the circular arc track C bulging upward by the swing arm 14 at the front end portion of the lifting arm 12, the operation along the elliptical track A is performed. The speed is superposed and increased at the front and rear portions with respect to the peripheral speed of the lower limit position operation E. By making both timings of the lower limit position B of the oval track A of the planting tool 11 and the apex position D of the arc track C of the swing arm 14 coincide, a more effective speed increasing operation can be obtained.

  Accordingly, the circumferential speed increases with respect to the lowering movement F and the raising movement G before and after the circumferential speed E of the lower limit position B of the raising and lowering locus of the planting tool 11. As shown in FIG. 6, when the planting operation is performed at a forward vehicle speed corresponding to the peripheral speed E of the lower limit position B of the elliptical track A, Since the difference L between the position of F and the position of the ascending path G can be kept close to within a certain range, the application range of the planting depth is expanded, that is, the planting is not affected by the planting depth. The diameter of the planting hole that the tool drills in the field can be reduced, and the plant can be stably maintained and planted without causing the seedling to fall down. In addition, since the vertical movement with respect to the agricultural field is ensured by configuring the whole so that the lifting arm 12 is in the horizontal posture at the lower limit position B, the speed increasing effect before and after that can be maximized.

  Regarding the opening / closing operation of the planting tool 11, the opening / closing lever 16 pivotally supported on the fulcrum 12c of the lifting / lowering arm 12 operates in parallel with the opening / closing arm 18 via the connecting rod 17 without depending on the lifting / lowering position of the lifting / lowering arm 12. The opening / closing arm 18 is controlled by an opening / closing cam 20 integrated with a sub crank arm 19 that rotates in the same phase as the crank arm 15. Therefore, it is possible to control the opening / closing timing and the opening / closing amount with high accuracy by a simple cam. In this case, even if the open / close arm 18 and the open / close cam 20 are configured in reverse, the positional relationship between the two does not change, so the same action and effect can be obtained.

  Next, the transmission mechanism will be described. As shown in FIG. 7, the main transmission mechanism 3 integrated with the engine has an input shaft 32 receiving engine power from the input gear 31 and a constant gear ratio. A counter shaft 33 that is driven in reverse, a transmission shaft 35 that includes a shift gear 34, and left and right drive shafts 36 and 36 for traveling the vehicle body. The transmission shaft 35 is connected to the high-speed gear 32a of the input shaft 32 depending on the shift position of the shift gear 34. The speed is changed to a moving speed by selection, a planting speed by selection of the low speed gear 32b, and a reverse speed by selection of the reverse gear 33a of the counter shaft 33.

  In addition, while the planting shaft 37 is driven at a constant speed by the counter shaft 33 via the bevel gear mechanism 37a, planting is performed by changing the traveling speed in order to change the stock distance. By comprising in this way, even if the distance between plants | stocks is short, the cycle operation | movement of the planting tool 11 is maintained, seedling supply work | work can be performed, and planting efficiency can be maintained also when the distance between plants | stocks is long. it can. In this case, the planting shaft 37 drives the crank arm 15 and the sub crank arm 19 simultaneously.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, respectively, the planting transmission unit 3c has a transmission shaft of the planting device 6 in a position overlapping with the continuously variable transmission 41 in a side view. 44, the transmission shaft 45 of the seedling conveying device 7 is arranged. That is, an intermittent clutch 44a is provided on a planting transmission shaft 44 that receives branching power from an input shaft 41a of a continuously variable transmission 41 that receives power from the main transmission mechanism 3, and planting from an output shaft 41b that outputs shifting power. The transmission shaft 45 of the seedling conveying device 7 is driven to shift through the clutch 45a, and this shifting power is input to the control side of the intermittent clutch 44a. The planting transmission unit 3c having the above-described configuration has a compact configuration, and the intermittent clutch 44a is operated in accordance with the table driving of the seedling conveying device 7 by the transmission power of the continuously variable transmission 41. Can cooperate with movement.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10 with the plan view (a) and the side view (b), the seedling conveying device 7 has an elliptical circular slide plate 51 that receives the lower end of the cylindrical seedling receiving cup 7c. A shutter 52 is provided on the orbiting slide plate 51 so as to be openable and closable along the trajectory, and a planting tool 11 is provided with an opening lever 53 that acts to open the shutter 52.

  Since the shutter 52 is opened at the timing when the planting tool 11 is raised by the seedling transporting device 7 having the above-described configuration, the seedlings of the seedling receiving cup 7c. You can drop it and deliver it.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11, a bottom view of the seedling receiving cups 7c is provided with four projections 7d, so that the sliding with respect to the orbiting slide plate 51 can be improved.

Claims (4)

A planting tool (11), a lifting arm (12) capable of moving up and down while holding the planting tool (11) at the rear end, and the planting while moving up and down in parallel with the lifting arm (12) In the transplanting machine provided with the planting device (6) constituted by the sub-link (13) connected to the attachment (11) and maintaining the posture, the front end (12a) of the lifting arm (12) is provided. while connected to the swingable swing arm (14) back and forth, an intermediate portion crank arm for rotating is coupled to (12b) (15) of the lifting arm (12) is provided, the planting device (11) Is configured to plant by opening and closing, and an open / close lever (16) for opening and closing the planting tool (11) is pivotally supported on a fulcrum (12c) between the planting tool (11) and the lifting arm (12). The connecting point (1 of the lifting arm (12) and the crank arm (15)) b) is provided with an open / close arm (18) pivotally supported, a connecting rod (17) for connecting the open / close lever (16) and the open / close arm (18) is provided, and an open / close cam (20) acting on the open / close arm (18). ) Provided. A sub-crank arm (19) that is connected to the front end of the sub-link (13) and rotates in synchronization with the rotation of the crank arm (15) is provided, and the swing arm (14) is more than the crank arm (15). The transplanter according to claim 1, which has a long configuration .   A seedling conveying device (7) for supplying seedlings to the planting device (6) is provided, and the planting device (6) and the seedling conveying device (7) are speed-shifted between the input / output shafts (41a, 41b). The transmission is driven by a transmission (41) and a planting clutch (45a) that controls transmission of the transmission power, the transmission shaft (44) of the planting device (6), and the transmission shaft of the seedling conveying device (7). The transplanter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein (45) is disposed between the input / output shafts (41a, 41b) of the transmission (41).   A seedling transport device (7) for supplying seedlings to the planting device (6) is provided, and the seedling transport device (7) includes a circulating seedling receiving cup (7c) and a seedling receiving cup (7c). An orbiting slide plate (51) for closing the lower end and receiving the seedling in the seedling receiving cup (7c) so as not to fall is provided along the circulating path of the seedling receiving cup (7c). The transplanter according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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