JP5723864B2 - Combustion ash removal device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is capable of easily and safely removing a combustion product ash lump composed of coal ash attached to a coal combustion facility such as a boiler in a coal-fired thermal power plant. The present invention relates to a combustion product ash lump removal device that can be produced.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 12, a coal-fired thermal power plant pulverizes coal into pulverized coal by a coal pulverization mill 31 and injects the pulverized coal from a combustion burner 33 into a combustion furnace 32 of a boiler as a coal combustion facility. Then, the water flowing in the boiler water pipe 34 piped in the combustion furnace 32 is heated, and power is generated by rotating the turbine with the obtained steam. The combustion exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 32 is dissipated from the chimney 37 to the atmosphere via the flue gas desulfurization device 35 and the dust collector 36.

  Thus, since the boiler of a coal fired thermal power plant burns pulverized coal in the combustion furnace 32, the combustion generated ash which consists of coal ash adheres to the outer wall of the boiler water pipe 34. FIG. This combustion product ash gradually grows with the operation of the boiler and becomes a hard and heavy combustion product ash mass. When combustion-generated ash mass adheres to the outer wall of the boiler water pipe 34 and grows greatly, the following problems occur.

  Periodic inspection of the boiler is carried out with a scaffold in the combustion furnace 32. During the periodic inspection, combustion generated ash lump adhering to the outer wall of the boiler water pipe 34 may fall, hit a worker, and cause a serious injury. is there.

  Thus, an example of a combustion product ash lump removal method for solving this problem is disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent No. 40111448). Hereinafter, this combustion product ash lump removal method is referred to as a conventional combustion product ash lump removal method and will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a launching device used in a conventional combustion product ash lump removal method.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the conventional combustion product ash lump removal method fills a mold with a mixture of combustion product ash composed of 30 to 80 mesh coal ash and water collected in a coal combustion facility such as a boiler. The spherical combustion product ash balls 38 having a diameter of about 60 mm are formed by pressurizing and drying, and the combustion product ash balls 38 are supplied to the launching device 40 configured to rotate the pair of rollers 39 at high speed by a motor. The combustion generated ash balls 38 are sandwiched between rollers 39 and sent out, and the combustion generated ash balls 38 are directed to a combustion generated ash mass attached to the outer wall of a boiler water pipe of a boiler as a coal combustion facility at about 100 to 200 km / h. It fires at a speed, and thus the combustion ash mass is removed from the outer wall of the boiler water pipe by the collision energy of the combustion ash balls 38 and removed.

  Even in an incinerator or a combustion furnace as a coal combustion facility other than a boiler, the attached combustion product ash mass can be removed by a conventional combustion product ash mass removal method.

Japanese Patent No. 40111448

  According to the conventional combustion product ash lump removal method, it is possible to remove the combustion product ash lump attached to the coal combustion facility to some extent from a remote location, but there are the following problems.

  A firing device 40 configured to rotate the pair of rollers 39 at a high speed by a motor causes the combustion-generated ash balls 38 to be fired toward the combustion-generated ash mass at a speed of about 100 to 200 km / h.

  However, in the case of a normal hard or soft baseball, it is possible to fire the ball at such a speed. However, the combustion-generated ash ball 38 is harder than the baseball, and the The roller 39 has a small frictional force due to point contact. Therefore, it was found that a speed of about 130 km / h was the limit and a speed higher than that could not be expected.

  Thus, in the conventional combustion product ash lump removal method, the combustion product ash ball 38 cannot be fired at a high speed, and the combustion product ash ball 38 is fired from between the pair of rollers 39 by a frictional force generated by point contact. The combustion generated ash balls 38 are poorly controlled, and even if the target combustion generated ash lump can be hit, there is a possibility that the combustion generated ash lump cannot be reliably dropped and removed.

  Moreover, since the in-furnace combustion temperature becomes 1000 degreeC or more, the observation window provided in the furnace wall in which the boiler water pipe is arrange | positioned has small thickness from a heat resistant viewpoint. Therefore, there is almost no gap when the nozzle is inserted into the viewing window. As a result, it was difficult to change the aim by changing the direction of the nozzle. This problem can be solved to some extent by widening the viewing window, but it takes a lot of labor and cost.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to remove the combustion generated ash mass made of coal ash adhering to coal combustion facilities such as boilers in a coal-fired thermal power plant without inserting or removing the nozzle from the observation window formed on the furnace wall. Another object of the present invention is to provide a combustion product ash lump removing device that can be removed safely and reliably by changing the aim of the outside of the furnace.

  The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and is characterized by the following.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a ball is launched from a distant location toward the combustion product ash mass attached to the coal combustion facility, and the combustion product ash mass is dropped from the coal combustion facility by the collision energy of the ball. In the combustion product ash lump removing device to be removed, a launcher main body provided with a nozzle, and a trajectory changing mechanism attached to the nozzle to change the trajectory of the ball, the launcher main body is attached to the nozzle. The ball thrown into the nozzle from the formed slot is fired by compressed air fed from the upstream end of the nozzle in the firing direction of the ball, and the trajectory changing mechanism is pivoted to the outside of the nozzle. A cylindrical body that is rotatably fitted around the base, a base that is pivotally supported on the outer peripheral surface of the front end of the cylindrical body with the front end protruding from the cylindrical body, and the front end of the base is rotated inwardly. A spring for applying a force to the base, a collision plate attached to the tip of the base and colliding with the ball, an annular frame fitted on the outside of the cylindrical body, and the annular frame The rear end of the base fixed to the annular frame abuts against the wedge surface. The collision plate rotates around the axis of the nozzle together with the base, and moves the wedge member forward together with the annular frame by the screw shaft by rotating the cylindrical body. By causing the collision plate to rotate inward against the elastic force of the spring and moving the wedge member backward, the collision plate is moved to its original position by the elastic force of the spring. It is characterized by returning to .

  The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, a laser pointer is attached to the base.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the laser pointer is attached in parallel to the base, and the collision plate is inclined inward with respect to the base. It is characterized by being attached.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ball is a mixture of non-shrinkage cement and sand, or a mixture of non-shrinkage cement, sand and lime. It is characterized by comprising.

  A fifth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the ball has a plurality of concave portions formed on a surface thereof.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a combustion product ash lump removing device capable of easily and safely removing a combustion product ash lump composed of coal ash adhering to a coal combustion facility such as a boiler in a coal fired thermal power plant. be able to.

It is a schematic front view which shows the combustion production ash lump removal apparatus of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the combustion production ash lump removal apparatus of this invention installed in the boiler wall. It is a front view which shows a ball | bowl. It is the schematic which shows the combustion production ash lump removal apparatus which is not provided with the orbit change mechanism installed in the boiler wall. It is a perspective view which shows the nozzle with which the orbit change mechanism was attached in the combustion production ash lump removal apparatus of this invention. It is the perspective view which looked at the nozzle with which the orbit change mechanism was attached in the combustion production ash lump removal apparatus of this invention from another angle. It is a perspective view which shows the front-end | tip part of the nozzle to which the track | orbit change mechanism was attached. It is a front view which shows the front-end | tip part of the nozzle to which the track | orbit change mechanism was attached. It is a perspective view which shows the rear-end part of the nozzle to which the track | orbit change mechanism was attached. It is a perspective view which shows the nozzle with which the track | orbit change mechanism was attached inserted in opening of a boiler wall. It is a figure which shows the relationship of attachment of a base and a collision board, (a) is a front view which shows the case where a base and a collision board are attached in parallel, (b) is a collision board with respect to a base. It is a front view which shows the case where it inclines and attaches. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the boiler of a coal fired thermal power plant. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the launch device used for the conventional combustion production ash lump removal method.

  One embodiment of the combustion product ash mass removing apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a combustion product ash lump removing device of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a launcher body of a combustion product ash lump removal device. The launching device main body 1 has a nozzle 3 that launches a ball 2, and the ball 2 thrown into the nozzle 3 from the ball throwing port 3 a is launched by compressed air fed from the upstream end of the ball 2 in the firing direction of the nozzle 3. To do. The nozzle 3 is connected to a compressed air source (not shown) via the open / close valve 4. By opening and closing the opening / closing valve 4 instantaneously, the ball 2 thrown into the nozzle 3 is launched from the nozzle 3 toward the combustion-generated ash mass by compressed air.

  The ball 2 is formed into a spherical shape having a diameter of about 30 mm to 80 mm, for example, 50 mm, and is made of a commercially available quick-drying, non-shrinkable premix mortar (premixed cement and sand at the factory stage). . The firing speed of the ball 2 is preferably about 160 km / h to 220 km / h, for example, about 190 to 220 km / h. The firing speed of the ball 2 can be easily adjusted by adjusting the pressure of the compressed air. By firing the ball 2 with compressed air, it is possible to obtain a high firing speed that could not be obtained with a roller-type launching device such as the conventional combustion-generated ash lump removal method, and to fire the ball 2 through the nozzle 3. In addition, the control of the ball 2 can be remarkably improved. As a result, the ball 2 can hit the target combustion product ash mass accurately, and the combustion product ash mass can be reliably dropped and removed because of the high speed.

  The ball 2 is made of a mixture of non-shrinkable cement and sand. When the ball 2 is manufactured, a mixture of non-shrinkable cement, sand and water is filled in a mold, pressed and dried. With ordinary cement, the ball 2 having a desired diameter cannot be obtained due to shrinkage after drying. On the other hand, if non-shrinkage cement is used, shrinkage due to drying can be suppressed to the maximum, so that a ball 2 having a desired diameter can be obtained. By using the ball 2 having a desired diameter, the gap between the ball 2 and the nozzle 3 can be minimized, so that the firing speed of the ball 2 can be easily adjusted.

  An example of the weight blending ratio of the material of the ball 2 is as follows.

Mortar: 1 ± 0.1
Silica sand: 1 ± 0.1
Water: 0.18 ± 0.2

  The material of the ball 2 may be a mixture of non-shrinkage cement, sand and lime. When lime is added, the strength of the ball can be easily adjusted while maintaining the moldability of the ball.

  In addition, the hardness of the combustion product ash lump varies greatly depending on the type of coal to be burned. Particularly, for the hard combustion product ash lump, if the ball 2 made of a mixture of non-shrinkage cement and sand is used, The combustion ash mass cannot be removed and removed reliably. That is, the combustion-generated ash balls made of coal ash described above have a lower strength than the balls 2 made of a mixture of non-shrinkable cement and sand, and the hard combustion-generated ash mass cannot be reliably dropped and removed.

  Furthermore, the combustion-generated ash balls made of coal ash described above can form the balls accurately into a spherical shape even if the kneaded product of coal ash and water is pressed and molded because the coal ash contains many bubbles. I can't. Therefore, with combustion-generated ash balls made of coal ash, the balls cannot be fired at high speed through the nozzle with compressed air.

  As shown in FIG. 3, if a concave portion such as a dimple formed on the surface of the golf ball is formed just on the surface of the ball 2, the ball 2 becomes a combustion-generated ash mass 23 (see FIG. 2). Since the ball 2 is easy to bite into the combustion product ash lump 23 when it collides, the dropping and removal efficiency of the combustion product ash lump 23 is improved, and the straightness of the ball 2 can be maintained.

  Reference numeral 5 denotes a trajectory changing mechanism for changing the trajectory of the ball 2. As shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 9, the trajectory changing mechanism 5 includes a cylindrical body 6 that is fitted to the outside of the nozzle 3 so as to be rotatable about an axis, and a distal end portion 7 a on the outer peripheral surface of the distal end of the cylindrical body 6. A base 7 that protrudes from 6 and is supported by a shaft 7b, a spring 8 (see FIG. 8) that applies a force to the base 7 to turn the tip 7a of the base 7 inward, and a base 7 A collision plate 9 that changes the trajectory of the ball 2 by colliding with the ball 2, an annular frame 10 fitted on the outside of the cylindrical body 6, and the annular frame 10 along the cylindrical body 6. The screw shaft 12 whose rear end is brought into contact with the base 11 to which the nozzle 3 is attached and the rear end 7c of the base 7 fixed to the annular frame 10 are brought into contact with the wedge surface (S). It consists of the wedge member 13 which contacts.

  The cylindrical body 6 can be rotated around the axis of the nozzle 3 by loosening a bolt 14 that passes through and is screwed into the cylindrical body 6, and is fixed to the nozzle 3 at a predetermined rotational angle position by tightening the bolt 14. Is done.

  The collision plate 9 is made of, for example, reinforced nylon, and the collision surface with the ball 2 is formed in a concave arc shape.

  The screw shaft 12 is attached in parallel to the cylindrical body 6 via the bracket 15, the annular frame 10 is fixed to the front end portion, and the nut 16 is screwed to the rear end portion. Since the nut 16 is in contact with the base 11, when the nut 16 is turned, the screw shaft 12 advances and retreats together with the annular frame 10 and the wedge member 13 in the longitudinal direction. The reason why the rear end portion of the screw shaft 12 is brought into contact with the base 11 is to allow the base 11 to receive the impact force of the ball 2 acting on the wedge member 13 via the collision plate 9.

  Since the rear end 7c of the base 7 is in contact with the wedge surface (S) of the wedge member 13, when the wedge member 13 is moved forward by the screw shaft 12, the front end 7a of the base 7 is Together with the collision plate 9, it rotates inward about the shaft 7b. On the other hand, when the wedge member 13 is moved backward by the screw shaft 12, the collision plate 9 returns to the original position by the elastic force of the spring 8. In this way, by turning the nut 16, the inclination angle (θ) (see FIG. 8) of the collision plate 9 with respect to the axis of the nozzle 3 can be freely adjusted within a predetermined angle range.

  The ball 2 that has collided with the collision plate 9 has an incident angle and a reflection angle that are not equal due to the impact force at that time or a gap formed in the movable part of the trajectory changing mechanism. Get smaller. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 11A, when the collision plate 9 is attached in parallel with the base 7, the laser irradiation direction from the laser pointer 17 described later and the trajectory of the ball 2 are not parallel. An error occurs in the laser irradiation position.

  However, as shown in FIG. 11B, when the collision plate 9 is attached with the collision plate 9 being slightly inclined with respect to the base 7 by an angle (α), the laser irradiation direction from the laser pointer 17 Since the trajectory of the ball 2 is substantially parallel to the ball 2, the laser can be accurately irradiated to the target position.

  Reference numeral 17 denotes a laser pointer attached to the base 7, and 18 denotes an in-furnace camera (see FIG. 10). In this manner, if the laser pointer 17 and the in-furnace camera 18 are attached and the camera monitor 19 (see FIG. 2) is installed outside the furnace, the combustion generated ash mass 23 can be removed and removed more accurately. In addition, it is possible to reliably grasp the current state of the removal and removal work of the combustion ash mass 23.

  For example, in order to remove the combustion product ash lump composed of coal ash adhering to the boiler water pipe in the coal-fired thermal power plant, as shown in FIG. As described above, the firing device main body 1 of the combustion product ash mass removing device is installed in the vicinity of the observation window 21 provided on the combustion furnace wall 20 of the boiler, and the nozzle 3 is inserted into the combustion furnace from the observation window 21. It is directed to the combustion product ash mass 23 adhering to the water pipe 22. Then, if the on-off valve 4 is opened and the ball 2 is fired at a high speed with compressed air, the ball 2 collides with the combustion product ash mass 23, and the combustion product ash mass 23 is blown into the boiler water pipe by the collision energy at this time. It can be easily and reliably removed from the 22 and removed. Moreover, the combustion generated ash mass 23 can be removed and removed from a remote location, which is safe.

  The width (W) of the observation window 21 provided on the combustion furnace wall 20 is normally about 100 mm. Therefore, depending on the position of the target combustion product ash mass 23, the nozzle 3 is accurately directed to the combustion product ash mass 23. It may not be possible. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the tip of the nozzle 3 may be inclined, but this has a limit.

  However, in the combustion product ash lump removal device of the present invention, the trajectory changing mechanism 5 that can freely change the trajectory of the ball 2 is installed in the nozzle 3, so even if the inclination angle of the nozzle 3 is limited. The trajectory of the ball 2 can be changed freely. As a result, the ball 2 can be made to collide with the target combustion generated ash mass 23 accurately.

  In order to change the trajectory of the ball 2, the bolt 14 is loosened and the cylinder 6 is rotated around the axis, the nut 16 is turned to move the screw shaft 12, and the wedge member 13 is moved forward and backward together with the annular frame 10. Thereby, the inclination angle (θ) of the collision plate 9 is adjusted together with the base 7. As described above, the collision plate 9 can be directed in all directions by adjusting the rotation angle and the inclination angle of the collision plate 9, so that even if the width of the observation window 21 is narrow, the target combustion-generated ash mass 23 is obtained. The ball 2 can be made to collide accurately.

  Moreover, by installing the laser pointer 17, the in-furnace camera 18 and the camera monitor 19, the combustion generated ash mass 23 can be dropped and removed more accurately.

  When the observation window 21 is not installed, or when the observation window 21 is installed, the combustion generated ash mass 23 can be removed and removed by entering the combustion furnace. The ash lump removing device can be carried into the boiler to perform the work.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the ball 2 is fired toward the combustion-generated ash mass 23 by compressed air, and the combustion-generated ash mass 23 is dropped by the collision energy at this time. The combustion product ash lump 23 made of coal ash adhering to coal combustion equipment such as a boiler can be easily and safely removed.

  Moreover, since the trajectory of the ball 2 can be freely changed by the trajectory changing mechanism 5, regardless of the location where the combustion ash mass 23 is formed or the size of the observation window of the furnace wall, the nozzle is positioned with respect to the observation window. It is possible to easily and safely remove it from the outside of the furnace without changing it.

  The above is the case where the present invention is applied to the removal of combustion ash mass composed of coal ash adhering to the boiler water pipe in a coal fired thermal power plant, but the removal of combustion product ash other than coal ash, mass incinerator or combustion Of course, it can be applied to other combustion equipment such as a furnace.

1: Launcher body 2: Ball 3: Nozzle 3a: Ball slot 4: Opening / closing valve 5: Trajectory change mechanism 6: Cylindrical body 7: Base 7a: Tip 7b: Shaft 7c: Rear end 8: Spring 9: Collision plate 10: annular frame 11: base 12: screw shaft 13: wedge member 14: bolt 15: bracket 16: nut 17: laser pointer 18: camera 19: camera monitor 20: boiler wall 21: observation window 22: boiler water tube 23 : Combustion product ash lump 31: Coal crushing mill 32: Combustion furnace 33: Combustion burner 34: Boiler water pipe 35: Flue gas desulfurization device 36: Dust collector 37: Chimney 38: Combustion product ash ball 39: Roller 40: Launching device

Claims (5)

Combustion ash lump removal in which a ball is fired from a distant location toward the combustion ash lump attached to the coal combustion facility, and the combustion ash lump is removed from the coal combustion facility by the collision energy of the ball. In the device
A launcher body provided with a nozzle, and a trajectory changing mechanism attached to the nozzle for changing the trajectory of the ball, wherein the launcher body is thrown into the nozzle from a slot formed in the nozzle The ball is fired by compressed air fed from an upstream end of the nozzle in the firing direction of the nozzle, and the trajectory changing mechanism includes a cylindrical body fitted on the outside of the nozzle so as to be rotatable about an axis. A base that is pivotally supported with a tip protruding from the cylinder on the outer peripheral surface of the tip of the cylinder, and a spring that applies a force to the base to rotate the tip of the base inward. A rear end that is attached to the tip of the base and that collides with the ball, an annular frame that is fitted to the outside of the cylindrical body, and moves the annular frame along the cylindrical body The nozzle is attached to the part A screw shaft fixed to the base, and a wedge member fixed to the annular frame, the rear end of the base contacting the wedge surface. Is rotated around the axis of the nozzle together with the base, and the wedge plate is moved forward together with the annular frame by the screw shaft, whereby the collision plate is resisted against the elastic force of the spring. The collision produced ash lump removing device is characterized in that the collision plate is returned to the original position by the elastic force of the spring by rotating the wedge member backward . The combustion generated ash lump removing device according to claim 1, wherein a laser pointer is attached to the base.   The combustion according to claim 1, wherein the laser pointer is attached in parallel to the base, and the collision plate is attached to be inclined inward with respect to the base. Generated ash lump removal device.   The combustion according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ball is made of a mixture of non-shrinkable cement and sand or a mixture of non-shrinkable cement, sand and lime. Generated ash lump removal device. The combustion generated ash lump removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ball has a plurality of recesses formed on a surface thereof .

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