JP5716184B2 - Intake air cooling device and gas turbine plant equipped with the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an intake air cooling device that cools air supplied to the intake side of a compressor (for example, a device that cools intake air of an air compressor for a gas turbine) and a gas turbine plant including the same.

In compressors represented by air compressors for gas turbines, in the summer when the outside air temperature rises, the mass of air sucked into the compressor decreases due to a decrease in air density, and the compression ratio decreases. It is known that.
In order to maintain a high compression ratio even when the outside air temperature is high, an intake air cooling device that cools the air supplied to the intake side of the compressor may be installed. As such an intake air cooling device, a device that cools air by using latent heat of vaporization of a liquid sprayed in a mist shape has been proposed.

  For example, Patent Literature 1 describes an intake air cooling device for a gas turbine in which an injector for injecting mist for air cooling is provided in an intake filter chamber. An intake filter for removing dust is provided at the intake inlet of the intake filter chamber.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a gas in which mist is injected from an injector provided in an intake duct and mist that has not been evaporated is collected by a mist removing means provided on the downstream side of the injector. An intake air cooling device for a turbine is described.

  In Patent Document 3, an injection nozzle for injecting air cooling liquid, a liquid supply pipe, and a gas pipe are surrounded by a protective cover, and liquid is injected obliquely in the air flow direction from both downstream end walls of the protective cover. An intake air cooling device for a gas turbine is described.

  Patent Document 4 discloses an intake air cooling device for a gas turbine in which droplets are injected into air supplied to a compressor and the droplets are vaporized in the compressor.

  Further, in Patent Document 5, a water jet nozzle for cooling the air supplied to the compressor is provided with an object to be captured, and even if the water jet nozzle may drop off, An intake-air cooling apparatus for a gas turbine is described in which a captured object is caught on a last chance filter disposed on the downstream side.

JP 2004-132297 A JP 2007-120479 A Japanese Patent No. 3502239 JP-A-11-287132 Japanese Patent No. 4544723

Incidentally, the intake air cooling device is desired to improve the cooling efficiency of the intake air in order to realize a high compression ratio of the compressor. On the other hand, in order to prevent erosion of the blades of the compressor and the gas turbine, the mist injected to cool the sucked air needs to be vaporized or removed before reaching the compressor.
To achieve both improvement in cooling efficiency and prevention of mist from entering the compressor, it is conceivable to increase the mist residence time.

  In this regard, in the intake air cooling devices described in Patent Documents 1 to 5, a device for increasing the mist residence time has not been sufficiently made in order to achieve both improvement in cooling efficiency and prevention of mist from entering the compressor.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and provides an intake air cooling device capable of improving cooling efficiency and preventing mist from entering the compressor, and a gas turbine plant including the same. Objective.

  An intake air cooling device according to the present invention is an intake air cooling device that cools air supplied to an intake side of a compressor from an intake chamber through an intake duct having a flow passage cross-sectional area smaller than that of the intake chamber. A nozzle that is provided upstream of the intake duct and that injects mist against the air flow, and a nozzle that is provided downstream of the nozzle and collects mist remaining in the air without evaporating. A filter member is provided.

In the intake air cooling device, the nozzle is provided on the upstream side of the intake duct having a relatively small channel cross-sectional area, and the mist is injected from the nozzle against the flow of the intake air. Greatly improved. That is, since the nozzle is not provided in the intake duct having a small flow path cross-sectional area and a large flow velocity of the intake air, but provided on the upstream side of the intake duct (that is, inside or outside the intake chamber) The flow rate of the air that receives the mist jet from the nozzle is slow, and the mist residence time is long. Further, since the mist is jetted against the flow of the intake air, the flight distance of the mist is extended and the residence time is further increased. For this reason, more mist evaporates while the mist stays in the sucked air, so a large amount of latent heat of evaporation is taken away from the air, and the cooling efficiency of the air is improved. Further, since the first filter member provided on the downstream side of the nozzle is wetted by the collected mist, the mist evaporates even when the air passes through the first filter member, and the cooling efficiency of the air is increased. Further improve.
Further, since the first filter member is provided on the downstream side of the nozzle, the mist remaining in the air without being evaporated can be collected by the first filter member, and the mist can be prevented from entering the compressor side. Further, as described above, since the mist residence time is long, more mist evaporates before reaching the first filter member, so the amount of mist itself that the first filter member must collect is reduced. This makes it easier to prevent mist from entering the compressor.

  The intake air cooling device is provided on a wall surface of the intake chamber and is made of a filter medium having a coarser mesh than the first filter member, and a mist having a relatively large particle diameter is reached before reaching the first filter member. A second filter member that is preliminarily collected at an upstream portion of the one filter member, and a plurality of the nozzles are provided so as to surround the intake chamber, against the flow of intake air taken into the intake chamber from the nozzles The first filter member may be disposed in the intake chamber while injecting mist.

Thus, by providing the second filter member on the wall surface of the intake chamber and providing the first filter member in the intake chamber, the mist injected from the nozzles disposed around the intake chamber is changed to the second filter member, The first filter member is collected in two stages. For this reason, the mist in the inhaled air can be reliably collected.
Further, the sucked air is evaporated of mist in the air immediately after being injected from the nozzle, evaporation of the mist that wets the second filter member in the second filter member, the second filter member and the first filter member. Is cooled in four stages by the evaporation of the mist floating between the two and the evaporation of the mist wetting the first filter member in the first filter member. For this reason, the sucked air can be cooled to a lower temperature.
Furthermore, the nozzle installation space can be greatly reduced by providing the nozzle so as to surround the intake chamber. Further, when the intake air cooling device is additionally installed in the existing equipment, the nozzle can be provided without modifying the intake chamber and the intake duct, and the installation cost of the intake air cooling device can be kept low.

In the intake air cooling device, the nozzle may be attached to a weather hood provided so as to protrude from an outer wall surface of the intake chamber. Alternatively, a nozzle support may be erected around the intake chamber, and the nozzle may be attached to the nozzle support.
In particular, when an intake air cooling device is additionally installed in an existing facility, the installation cost of the intake air cooling device can be further reduced by attaching a nozzle to the weather hood of the existing facility.

In the intake air cooling device, the nozzle may be provided inside the intake chamber.
The intake chamber has a wider internal space than the intake duct. For this reason, the installation work and the maintenance are facilitated by providing the nozzle inside the intake chamber as compared with the case where the nozzle is installed in the intake duct. Further, when an intake air cooling device is additionally installed in existing equipment, a nozzle can be provided without modifying the intake duct at all, and the installation cost of the intake air cooling device can be kept low.

  In this case, it is preferable that the intake air cooling device further includes a weather louver provided on the wall surface of the intake chamber to prevent water from entering from the outside.

  By providing the weather louver in this way, it is possible to prevent rainwater or the like from entering the intake chamber.

  In the intake air cooling device, it is preferable that the first filter member is provided on an upstream side of the intake air filter that removes dust in the air.

When the air intake filter for removing dust is wet by mist, the collected dust forms a film, and the pressure loss increases.
Therefore, as described above, by providing the first filter member for collecting mist on the upstream side of the intake filter, it is possible to prevent an increase in pressure loss of the intake filter due to wetting by the mist. For example, any one of the following three types can be used as the intake filter. In the first type, one medium performance filter is provided. The second type includes an intermediate performance filter and an HEPA filter (High Efficiency Particulate Air filter) provided at a predetermined distance downstream from the intermediate performance filter. The third type is composed of a medium performance filter and a HEPA filter that is integrated with the medium performance filter on the downstream side of the medium performance filter without a predetermined distance.

  In the intake air cooling device, the average particle diameter of the mist injected from the nozzle is preferably as small as possible, but may be relatively large. Specific examples of the average particle diameter of the mist include 20 μm or more and 50 μm or less.

  Thus, by making the average particle diameter of mist 50 μm or less, evaporation of mist can be promoted and air cooling efficiency can be improved. On the other hand, in order to obtain an extremely fine mist having an average particle size of less than 20 μm, an expensive mist generator having a special specification is required. However, if the mist has an average particle size of 20 μm or more, an inexpensive mist generator is used. The cost of the intake air cooling device can be reduced.

  In the intake air cooling apparatus, the first filter member may be a long fiber glass fiber pad.

  In this way, by using a long fiberglass fiber pad as the first filter member, more mist collected in the first filter member is retained, and air is generated by evaporation of the mist in the first filter member. Cooling can be performed more efficiently.

  A gas turbine plant according to the present invention includes a compressor that compresses intake air and generates compressed air, a combustor that generates combustion gas using the compressed air, and a gas turbine that generates power by the combustion gas. And the intake air cooling device for cooling the air supplied to the intake side of the compressor.

  According to this gas turbine plant, since the intake air cooling device is provided, the cooling efficiency of the air taken in by the compressor can be improved, and mist can be prevented from entering the compressor side. Therefore, the output of the gas turbine plant is improved, and erosion of the compressor and the blades of the gas turbine can be prevented.

According to the present invention, the nozzle is provided on the upstream side of the intake duct having a relatively small channel cross-sectional area, and the mist is jetted from the nozzle against the flow of the intake air. Greatly improved. For this reason, more mist evaporates while the mist stays in the sucked air, so that more latent heat of evaporation is taken away from the air and the cooling efficiency of the air is improved. Further, since the first filter member provided on the downstream side of the nozzle is wet by the collected mist, the mist evaporates even when air passes through the first filter member, and the cooling efficiency of the air is increased. Is further improved.
Further, since the first filter member is provided on the downstream side of the nozzle, the mist remaining in the air without being evaporated can be collected by the first filter member, and the mist can be prevented from entering the compressor side. Further, as described above, since the mist residence time is long, more mist evaporates before reaching the first filter member, so the amount of mist itself that the first filter member must collect is reduced. This makes it easier to prevent mist from entering the compressor.

It is a figure showing an example of composition of a gas turbine plant concerning a 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example of the intake air cooling device used for the gas turbine plant of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example of the intake air cooling device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the structural example of the intake-air-cooling apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, and are merely illustrative examples. Only.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a gas turbine plant according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of an intake air cooling device used in the gas turbine plant of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the gas turbine plant 1 is generated by a compressor 2 that generates compressed air, a combustor 3 that generates combustion gas using the compressed air generated by the compressor 2, and a combustor 3. And a gas turbine 4 that generates power by the generated combustion gas. The gas turbine 4 is connected to a generator 5, and power generated in the gas turbine 4 is converted into electric power by the generator 5.

The intake side of the compressor 2 communicates with the intake chamber 7 via the intake duct 6. As a result, the air taken into the intake chamber 7 from the outside flows in the intake duct 6 in the direction of the arrow and is supplied to the intake side of the compressor 2.
As shown in FIG. 2, in order to facilitate the intake of air into the intake chamber 7 from the outside, outside air is sucked from the three wall surfaces (intake surfaces) of the intake chamber 7, and the flow path of the intake chamber 7 The cross-sectional area is larger than that of the intake duct 6.

In the present embodiment, an intake air cooling device 10 that cools the air supplied to the intake side of the compressor 2 is provided.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the intake air cooling device 10 includes a plurality of nozzles 12 provided so as to surround the intake chamber 7, and filter members (14, 16) provided on the downstream side of the nozzles 12. The

The nozzle 12 is attached near the tips of a plurality of weather hoods 20 provided so as to protrude from the outer wall surface of the intake chamber 7, and injects the mist 13 against the flow of air taken into the intake chamber 7. The nozzles 12 are attached to the weather hood 20 at regular intervals. The number of nozzles 12 is preferably determined in consideration of the diffusion range of the mist 13 ejected from the nozzles 12.
The mist 13 ejected from the nozzle 12 initially proceeds in the direction opposite to the air flow direction (intake direction), but eventually cannot resist the air flow, and eventually becomes downstream along with the air. Go to the side. For this reason, compared with the case where mist is injected along the flow direction of air, the flight distance of the mist 13 becomes long. Here, the flight distance is the total distance traveled until the mist 13 ejected from the nozzle 12 reaches a predetermined position on the downstream side of the nozzle 12.

  A pipe 22 for supplying a liquid (for example, water) to be ejected to the nozzle 12 is connected to the nozzle 12, and the liquid is supplied from the tank 26 to the nozzle 12 through the pipe 22 by the pump 24. It is like that. The amount of liquid ejected from the nozzle 12 is adjusted according to the outside air temperature and humidity.

The average particle diameter of the mist 13 injected from the nozzle 12 is preferably as small as possible, but may be relatively large. Specific examples of the average particle diameter of the mist include 20 μm or more and 50 μm or less.
Thus, by making the average particle diameter of mist 50 μm or less, evaporation of mist can be promoted and air cooling efficiency can be improved. On the other hand, in order to obtain an extremely fine mist having an average particle size of less than 20 μm, an expensive mist generator having a special specification is required. However, if the mist has an average particle size of 20 μm or more, an inexpensive mist generator (nozzle 12) and the cost of the intake air cooling device 10 can be reduced.

The filter member (corresponding to the “second filter member”) 14 is provided on the wall surface of the intake chamber 7 and captures the mist 13 ejected from the nozzle 12 that flies with the air without evaporating. Gather. The filter member 14 is made of a filter medium having a coarser mesh than the filter member 16 (corresponding to the “first filter member”) 16 disposed on the downstream side, and a mist 13 having a relatively large particle size is placed in front of the filter member 16 (upstream). ) In advance.
Although FIG. 1 shows an example in which the wall surface of the intake chamber 7 is configured by the filter member 14, the filter member 14 is inserted into an opening provided on the wall surface of the intake chamber 7. You may comprise only a part of wall surface.

  On the other hand, the filter member 16 is disposed in the intake chamber 7 and collects the mist 13 having a small particle diameter that has been flying without being collected by the filter member 14.

  The filter members 14 and 16 are preferably made of long fiber glass fiber pads. As a result, more mist 13 collected in the filter members 14 and 16 can be held, and air can be cooled more efficiently by evaporation of the mist 13 in the filter members 14 and 16. Note that the filter member 14 may be a cooling medium used in a conventional evaporative cooler.

The filter member 16 is preferably provided upstream of the intake filter 18 that removes dust in the air.
When the intake filter 18 for removing dust gets wet by the mist 13, the collected dust forms a film, and the pressure loss increases.
Therefore, as described above, by providing the filter member 16 that collects the mist 13 having a small particle diameter on the upstream side of the intake filter 18, an increase in pressure loss of the intake filter 18 due to wetting by the mist 13 can be prevented. . For example, any of the following three types can be used as the intake filter 18. In the first type, one medium performance filter is provided. The second type includes an intermediate performance filter and an HEPA filter (High Efficiency Particulate Air filter) provided at a predetermined distance downstream from the intermediate performance filter. The third type is composed of a medium performance filter and a HEPA filter that is integrated with the medium performance filter on the downstream side of the medium performance filter without a predetermined distance.

  As described above, the intake air cooling device 10 cools the air supplied from the intake chamber 7 to the intake side of the compressor 2 through the intake duct 6 having a smaller flow path cross-sectional area than the intake chamber 7. A nozzle 12 for injecting a mist 13 against the air flow, and provided on the downstream side of the nozzle 12 and remaining in the air without evaporating. The filter member 16 which collects 13 is provided.

In the intake air cooling device 10, the nozzle 12 is provided on the upstream side of the intake duct 6 having a relatively small channel cross-sectional area, and the mist 13 is injected from the nozzle 12 against the flow of the intake air. The residence time of 13 is greatly improved. That is, the nozzle 12 is not provided in the intake duct 6 having a small flow path cross-sectional area and a large flow velocity of the intake air, but is provided upstream of the intake duct 6 (that is, the outer periphery of the intake chamber 7). Therefore, the flow velocity of the air that receives the injection of the mist 13 from the nozzle 12 is slow, and the residence time of the mist 13 is long. Moreover, since the mist 13 is injected against the flow of the air that is taken in, the flight distance of the mist 13 is extended and the residence time is further increased. For this reason, more mist 13 evaporates while the mist 13 stays in the sucked air, so that a large amount of latent heat of evaporation is taken away from the air, and the cooling efficiency of the air is improved. Further, since the filter member 16 provided on the downstream side of the nozzle 12 is wetted by the collected mist 13, the mist 13 evaporates even when air passes through the filter member 16, and the cooling efficiency of the air is increased. Is further improved.
In addition, since the filter member 16 is provided on the downstream side of the nozzle 12, the mist 13 remaining in the air without evaporating is collected by the filter member 16 to prevent the mist 13 from entering the compressor 2 side. it can. Further, as described above, since the residence time of the mist 13 is long, more mist 13 evaporates before reaching the filter member 16, so that the amount of mist itself that the filter member 16 must collect is reduced. This makes it easier to prevent the mist 13 from entering the compressor 2 side.

Further, in the intake air cooling device 10, in addition to the filter member 16, the filter member 14 is provided on the wall surface of the intake chamber 7, so that the mist 13 injected from the nozzles 12 arranged around the intake chamber 7 The member 14 and the filter member 16 are collected in two stages in this order. For this reason, the mist 13 in the sucked air can be reliably collected.
Further, the sucked air floats between the filter members 14 and 16 due to evaporation of the mist 13 in the air immediately after being injected from the nozzle 12, evaporation of the mist 13 wetting the filter member 14 in the filter member 14. The mist 13 is evaporated and the filter member 16 is wetted to evaporate the mist 13 in the filter member 16 to be cooled in four stages. For this reason, the sucked air can be cooled to a lower temperature.
Furthermore, by providing the nozzle 12 so as to surround the intake chamber 7, the installation space for the nozzle 12 can be greatly reduced. Further, when the intake air cooling device 10 is additionally installed in an existing gas turbine plant, the nozzle 12 can be provided without modifying the intake chamber 7 and the intake duct 6, and the installation cost of the intake air cooling device 10 can be kept low. Can do.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of the intake air cooling device according to the second embodiment. The intake air cooling device 30 shown in the figure is the same as the intake air cooling device 10 of the first embodiment except that a nozzle support to which the nozzle 12 is attached is provided around the intake chamber 7. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the portions common to the intake air cooling device 10, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the intake air cooling device 30, a nozzle support body 32 having an opening through which air taken into the intake chamber 7 passes is provided around the intake chamber 7. The nozzle 12 is attached to the nozzle support 32 so as to inject the mist 13 against the flow of air taken in.

  According to the intake air cooling device 30 configured as described above, since the nozzle 12 is provided so as to surround the intake surface of the intake chamber 7, the installation space for the nozzle 12 can be greatly reduced. Further, when an intake air cooling device 30 is additionally installed in an existing gas turbine plant, the intake chamber 7 and the intake duct 6 are modified at all regardless of whether or not a weather hood is provided in the intake chamber 7 of the gas turbine plant. In this case, the nozzle 12 can be provided without the need to install, and the installation cost of the intake air cooling device 30 can be reduced.

  3 shows an example in which the nozzle support 32 is provided independently of the intake chamber 7 so as to surround the intake surface of the intake chamber 7, the nozzle support 32 that supports the nozzle 12 has the intake air. It may be attached to the intake surface of the chamber 7.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of the intake air cooling device according to the third embodiment. The intake air cooling device 40 shown in the figure is the intake air cooling device 10 of the first embodiment except that the nozzle 12 is disposed in the intake chamber 7 and a weather louver is provided on the wall surface of the intake chamber 7. Is the same. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the portions common to the intake air cooling device 10, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the intake air cooling device 40, a weather louver 42 that prevents intrusion of rainwater or the like is provided on the wall surface of the intake chamber 7. In the intake chamber 7, a nozzle 12 is provided on the upstream side of the filter member 16, and mist 13 is injected from the nozzle 12 against the flow of air taken into the intake chamber 7. . The nozzle 12 is supplied with a mist liquid from a tank 26 by a pump 24 through a pipe 22 penetrating the wall surface of the intake chamber 7.

  The intake chamber 7 has a wider internal space than the intake duct 6. For this reason, installation work and maintenance are facilitated by providing the nozzle 12 in the intake chamber 7 as compared with the case where the nozzle 12 is installed in the intake duct 6. Further, when the intake air cooling device 40 is additionally installed in an existing gas turbine plant, the nozzle 12 can be provided without modifying the intake duct 6 at all, and the installation cost of the intake air cooling device 40 can be kept low.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described in detail, it cannot be overemphasized that this invention is not limited to this, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, various improvement and deformation | transformation may be performed.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the intake air cooling device (10, 30, 40) for the compressor 2 of the gas turbine plant 1 has been described. However, the present invention is applied to the intake air cooling device for all types of compressors. Needless to say.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gas turbine plant 2 Compressor 3 Combustor 4 Gas turbine 5 Generator 6 Intake duct 7 Intake chamber 10 Intake cooling device 12 Nozzle 13 Mist 14 Filter member (2nd filter member)
16 Filter member (first filter member)
18 Intake Filter 20 Weather Hood 22 Piping 24 Pump 26 Tank 30 Intake Cooling Device 32 Nozzle Support 40 Intake Cooling Device 42 Weather Louver

Claims (9)

An intake air cooling device that cools air supplied to an intake side of a compressor from an intake chamber through an intake duct having a flow passage cross-sectional area smaller than that of the intake chamber,
A nozzle that is provided on the upstream side of the intake duct and injects mist against the air flow;
A first filter member that is provided downstream of the nozzle and collects mist remaining in the air without evaporating ;
It is provided on the wall surface of the intake chamber and is made of a filter medium having a coarser mesh than the first filter member, and a mist having a relatively large particle diameter is upstream of the first filter member before reaching the first filter member. Including a second filter member to be collected in advance ,
A plurality of the nozzles are provided so as to surround the intake chamber, from which the mist is injected against the flow of intake air taken into the intake chamber,
An intake air cooling apparatus, wherein the first filter member is disposed in the intake chamber . An intake air cooling device that cools air supplied to an intake side of a compressor from an intake chamber through an intake duct having a flow passage cross-sectional area smaller than that of the intake chamber,
A nozzle that is provided on the upstream side of the intake duct and injects mist against the air flow;
A first filter member provided on the downstream side of the nozzle and collecting mist remaining in the air without evaporating;
The intake air cooling apparatus, wherein the first filter member is provided on an upstream side of an intake filter that removes dust in the air.   The intake air cooling device according to claim 2, wherein the nozzle is attached to a weather hood provided so as to protrude from an outer wall surface of the intake chamber.   The intake air cooling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle is provided inside the intake chamber.   The intake air cooling device according to claim 4, further comprising a weather louver provided on a wall surface of the intake chamber to prevent water from entering from outside. The intake air cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first filter member is provided on an upstream side of an intake filter that removes dust in the air.   The intake air cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an average particle diameter of mist injected from the nozzle is 20 µm or more and 50 µm or less.   The intake air cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first filter member is a long fiberglass fiber pad. A compressor that compresses the intake air and generates compressed air;
A combustor that generates combustion gas using the compressed air;
A gas turbine that generates power by the combustion gas;
A gas turbine plant comprising: the intake air cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which cools air supplied to an intake side of the compressor.

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