JP5712639B2 - Dipole antenna and array antenna - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dipole antenna formed on a printed circuit board and an array antenna in which a plurality of dipole antennas are arranged.

  As a dipole antenna formed on a printed circuit board (hereinafter referred to as a printed dipole antenna), those described in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 are known. This printed dipole antenna generally has a feed structure in which a microstrip line is converted into two parallel lines via a taper balun. When the element antenna of the printed dipole antenna is used at a height of about ¼ wavelength above the reflector, a slot-like hole is made in the reflector so that the feed line does not contact the reflector. A feeding circuit is usually provided on the back side of the reflector. In addition, when used as an element antenna of an active phased array, a transmission / reception module, a control circuit, a power source, and the like are arranged behind the reflector in addition to the power feeding circuit.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-268433 (FIG. 1)

Edited by IEICE, Antenna Engineering Handbook, p. 42, Figures 1 and 10

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional printed dipole antenna. In the figure, the printed dipole antenna includes a dielectric substrate 1, a radiating unit 2, a feeder circuit 3, a taper balun 4, and a reflector 5. The radiating portion 2, the feeding circuit 3, and the taper balun 4 of the dipole antenna are configured on the dielectric substrate 1 by printing. The radiating section 2 and the taper balun 4 are connected by a power feeding circuit 3. The reflector 5 has a slot hole 6, and the dielectric substrate 1 is inserted through the slot hole 6, so that the radiating portion 2 and the feeder circuit 3 protrude above the reflector 5.

  Here, the operation of the conventional printed dipole antenna will be described. Since the relationship between transmission and reception of an antenna is reversible, here, an example of transmission in which radio waves are radiated from the antenna will be described. A transmission signal input to a microstrip line (not shown) on the dielectric substrate 1 is propagated to a feeder circuit 3 that is a parallel two-line via a taper balun 4 that is a balanced / unbalanced converter. In order for the feeder circuit 3 to operate normally, it is necessary to avoid interference with the reflector 5, and a gap is provided so that the feeder circuit 3 does not contact the slot hole 6 provided on the reflector 5. Thereafter, the transmission signal travels through the power feeding circuit 3 and reaches the radiating unit 2, the dipole antenna is fed, and a transmission wave is radiated from the radiating unit 2 into space.

  The radiation unit 2 arranged as shown in the figure emits the same amount in the direction toward the reflection plate 5 in the direction opposite to the transmission direction (the normal direction of the reflection plate 5 and this is called a direct wave). (This is called a reflected wave). In the conventional printed dipole antenna shown in FIG. 4, the reflected wave passes through the slot hole 6 and leaks as an unnecessary wave to the back side of the reflecting plate 5. Due to this leakage wave, each component mounted on the back side of the reflecting plate 5 such as a power feeding circuit, a transmission / reception module, a control circuit, and a power source including the taper balun 6 has a problem in that performance degradation and malfunction occur.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to suppress the influence of reflected waves leaking through a gap between reflectors provided around a dipole antenna formed on a printed circuit board. .

  A dipole antenna according to the present invention includes an antenna radiating portion formed on a surface layer on both surfaces of a dielectric, a ground conductor formed on a surface layer on both surfaces of the dielectric, to which the antenna radiating portion is connected, and a dielectric body sandwiched between the ground conductors An antenna substrate formed with a triplate line that feeds the antenna radiating portion, and a reflector that is electrically connected to a ground conductor of the antenna substrate and is erected from the antenna substrate. It is provided.

  Further, a plurality of the dipole antennas may be arranged to constitute an array antenna.

  According to the present invention, the gap generated between the dielectric substrate forming the dipole antenna and the reflecting plate is eliminated, and the radiation wave of the dipole antenna toward the reflecting plate is prevented from leaking to the back side of the reflecting plate as an unnecessary wave. be able to.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the printed dipole antenna by Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the through hole connection structure of the printed dipole antenna by Embodiment 1 which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the printed dipole antenna array by Embodiment 2 which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the conventional printed dipole antenna.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1A and 1B are diagrams showing a schematic configuration of a printed dipole antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a perspective view and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along a cross-sectional line AA ′. . The printed dipole antenna 10 includes a dielectric multilayer substrate 11 that constitutes an antenna substrate and a reflector 18. The dielectric multilayer substrate 11 is composed of one dielectric substrate 11a and the other dielectric substrate 11b. The one dielectric substrate 11a and the other dielectric substrate 11b are laminated to form one dielectric multilayer substrate. A substrate 11 is formed.

  The ground conductor 12 is formed on both surfaces (surface layers on both sides) on one end side of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11. The radiating portion 13 is composed of a pair of strip conductor lines formed on both surfaces (surface layers on both sides) on the other end side of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11. The power feeding unit 14 includes a pair of strip conductor lines connected to a pair of radiating units 13 respectively formed on both surfaces of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11. The radiating portion 13 and the power feeding portion 14 are both formed by a printing process that etches the ground conductor 12 on both surfaces of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11. In addition, the power feeding unit 14 composed of a pair of strip conductor lines on the same surface of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 constitutes a slot line 15.

  The power feeding unit 14 is connected to the ground conductor 12 with a pair of two strip conductor lines on the same surface of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 protruding vertically from the end line of the ground conductor 12. The power feeding portion 14 protrudes perpendicularly from the end line of the ground conductor 12, bends at a right angle at the first bent portion, and then is perpendicular to the end line of the ground conductor 12 again at the second bent portion. It has a two-stage bent shape that bends at right angles to the direction. Further, the radiating portion 13 is bent and connected to the power feeding portion 14 at a right angle from the connecting portion, and is arranged so that the longitudinal direction thereof is parallel to the end line of the ground conductor 12. At this time, the two strip conductor lines constituting the power feeding unit 14 constitute two parallel lines forming the slot line 15 close to each other between the second bent portion of the power feeding unit 14 and the radiating unit 13. As described above, the first and second bent portions bend so that the two strip conductor lines approach each other. Further, the pair of strip conductors constituting the radiating portion 13 on the same surface of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 is connected to one end of the pair of strip conductor lines constituting the slot line 15, respectively. The pair of radiating portions 13 are arranged so that the two strip conductors are directed in opposite directions on the same straight line and extend away from the connection portion with the slot line 15. The pair of radiating portions 13 are arranged such that the distance between the outermost ends of the two radiating portions 13 is approximately ½ wavelength of the input signal by the electrical length of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11. The other end portion of the pair of strip conductor lines constituting the slot line 15 is bent at the first and second bent portions to form a square shape, and the end portion is deformed to change the slot width. This forms a slot line with a widened shape.

The triplate line 16 is formed between the dielectric substrate 11 a and the dielectric substrate 11 b in the inner layer of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11. In the triplate line 16, a strip conductor line is sandwiched between ground conductors 12 that are equally configured on both surfaces of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 to form a triplate line. Further, the triplate line 16 forms a triplate line by sandwiching a strip conductor line between power supply portions 14 that are configured equally on both surfaces of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11. The triplate line 16 is arranged so as to intersect perpendicularly with respect to the slot line 15 constituted by the power feeding unit 14. The through hole 17 is provided at the end of the triplate line 16. The through hole 17 short-circuits the end portion of the triplate line 16 to a power feeding portion 14 provided on both surfaces of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 in the vicinity of the second bent portion. At this time, the through hole 17 is connected to one of the two strip conductor lines constituting the power feeding unit 14 on the same surface of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11. At the connection portion between the power feeding portion 14 and the through hole 17, two strip conductor lines constituting the power feeding portion 14 are arranged close to each other. That is, the through hole 17 is provided immediately after the triplate line 16 intersects the slot line 15.
The conductor lines from the radiating portion 13 to the slot line 15 are configured in the same shape on both surfaces of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11.

  The reflection plate 18 is made of a conductive plate formed by attaching a conductor film to the entire surface of a metal plate or dielectric substrate. The reflection plate 18 is arranged upright from the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 so that the normal line perpendicular to the plate of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 is orthogonal to the normal line perpendicular to the plate of the reflection plate 18. In the dielectric multilayer substrate 11, the radiating portion 13 and the power feeding portion 14 protrude above the reflecting plate 18. The reflector 18 is disposed at a position away from the radiating unit 13 by approximately ¼ wavelength (electrical length of air) of the input signal. At this time, the ground conductor 12 of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 is in close contact with and connected to the end face of the reflection plate 18 so as to be electrically connected to the reflection plate 18. As a result, there is no gap between the reflector 18 and the ground conductor 12 (or the power feeding portion 14). Further, the contact surface between the reflector 18 and the ground conductor 12 may be brought into close contact with a conductive adhesive so that conduction is obtained. Further, the reflecting plate 18 may be attached to the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 through a contact surface bent in an L shape, for example.

  The reflector 18 may be formed with a groove-like through hole (slot) penetrating in the thickness direction of the plate. In this case, the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 is disposed so as to be inserted into the through hole of the reflection plate 18 and penetrate the reflection plate 18. At this time, the groove width of the groove-shaped through hole in the reflector 18 is slightly smaller than or equal to the thickness including the ground conductor 12 of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11, and the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 is the reflector 18. Will be press-fitted into. Further, when the groove width of the groove-shaped through hole in the reflector 18 is slightly larger than the thickness of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 due to manufacturing dimensional tolerance, the through hole of the reflector 18 and the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 are Since a slight gap is formed between the reflector 18 and the ground conductor 12, a conductive adhesive may be filled so as to fill the gap and the reflector 18 and the ground conductor 12 may be electrically connected. In any case, it is a structural feature that the ground conductor 12 and the reflector 18 can be directly conductively connected without a gap.

Next, the operation of the printed dipole antenna according to the first embodiment will be described using transmission as an example. Since the relationship between transmission and reception of an antenna is reversible, here, an example of transmission in which radio waves are radiated from the antenna will be described.
A transmission signal as an input signal input from the input end of FIG. 1 propagates through the triplate line 16 and propagates toward the slot line 15 by electromagnetic coupling at the intersection with the slot line 15.

  Here, the power feeding unit 14 is electrically connected to the ground conductor 12. The triplate line 16 has a structure in which the triplate line 16 is electrically connected to the power feeding portions 14 on both surfaces of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 through the through holes 17 immediately after crossing the slot line 15. A short circuit occurs at the intersection.

  As a result, the maximum current flows on the triplate line 16 at the intersection, so that the electromagnetic coupling can be efficiently performed on the slot 15 side. Further, by adopting this structure, a stub (matching circuit) provided in a conventional printed dipole antenna is not required, the design and configuration are easy, and the reflection characteristic of the dipole antenna can be widened. Further, the end shape of the slot line 15 in the vicinity of the intersection with the triplate line 16 can be arbitrarily selected within the range in which the end portion of the slot line 15 is opened when the end is viewed from the intersection. The reflection characteristics of the printed dipole antenna 10 can be controlled by this shape and size, and a wider band can be realized.

  Further, the input signal propagates on the slot line 15 in the power feeding unit 14, reaches the radiation unit 13, and feeds the radiation unit 13. Thereafter, a current flows on the radiating portion 13 that is fed, and the radiating portion 13 is excited to radiate a transmission wave from the printed dipole antenna 10 to the space. In general, due to the characteristics of the dipole antenna, the transmitted wave is radiated with the same magnitude to the side toward the reflector 18 in addition to the normal direction of the reflector 18 (referred to as a direct wave). Called). As described above, since the reflector 18 is separated from the radiating portion 13 by approximately ¼ wavelength (electrical length of air) of the input signal, the reflected wave is reflected by the reflector 18 and superimposed on the direct wave in the same phase. The gain doubles in the front direction.

  When the reflected wave is reflected by the reflecting plate 18, there is no gap between the main body (feeding unit 14) of the printed dipole antenna 10 and the reflecting plate 18, so that it does not leak as an unnecessary wave on the back side of the reflecting plate 18. For this reason, the component arrange | positioned at the back side of the reflecting plate 18 does not produce performance degradation. That is, by configuring the antenna structure of the first embodiment, components such as a power feeding circuit, a transmission / reception module, a control circuit, and a power source can be incorporated on the back side of the reflector 18 under high isolation. Also, with this configuration, there is no need to connect the printed dipole antenna 10 and the component with a coaxial connector that is not affected by radio wave leakage, and the printed dipole antenna 10 and the component are integrated without a connector. Configuration is possible.

  Next, the detailed structure of the inner layer of the printed dipole antenna 10 will be described. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing the through-hole connection structure of the printed dipole antenna 10. FIG. 2A is a plan view and FIG. 2B is a BB ′ cross-sectional view. In the figure, the through hole 19 is connected to the ground conductor 12 on both surfaces of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 in the vicinity of the back side of the reflector 18 and is electrically connected to the ground conductor 12. The plurality of through holes 19 are arranged along the reflector 18 in parallel with the end line of the ground conductor 12 at short intervals (for example, approximately 1/8 or less) with respect to the wavelength at the used frequency. The through hole 21 is connected to the ground conductors 12 on both surfaces of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 and is electrically connected to the ground conductor 12. The through holes 21 are adjacent to both sides (both sides) of the triplate line 16 at short intervals (for example, approximately 1/8 or less) with respect to the wavelength at the used frequency along the triplate line 16 near the back side of the reflector 18. A plurality are arranged on the side).

  The printed dipole antenna 10 and the reflector 18 are connected to each other while maintaining electrical continuity, and unnecessary waves propagating in the space and on the feeder 14 do not leak to the back of the reflector, but are generated in the dielectric multilayer substrate 11. The unnecessary wave cannot be prevented from leaking to the back side only by the reflector 18. By arranging a plurality of through holes 19 at sufficiently short intervals with respect to the wavelength, there is an effect of suppressing leakage of unnecessary waves propagating through the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 to the back side of the reflector 18.

  The through holes 21 are provided on both sides of the triplate line 16. Similar to the through hole 19, by arranging a plurality at a sufficiently short interval with respect to the wavelength, even if an unnecessary wave is generated from the triplate line 16, the propagation in the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 is suppressed and the other part is suppressed. Can be prevented from affecting.

  Further, in FIG. 2, the through hole 20 is connected to the radiating portion 13 and the power feeding portion 14 on both surfaces of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11, and is arranged to be electrically connected to the radiating portion 13 and the power feeding portion 14. As described above, the radiating portion 13 and the feeding portion 14 have the same shape, are configured on both surfaces of the dielectric multilayer substrate 11, and are connected to the ground conductor 12. For this reason, both have the same potential 0, and even if the through hole 20 that conducts both is provided, the characteristics of the printed dipole antenna 10 are not adversely affected. By arranging the through hole 20 at a desired position, it can be expected that unnecessary resonance occurring in the dielectric multilayer substrate 11 is suppressed.

  1 and 2, one end of the slot line 15 forms a square shape, but the slot line 15 is formed so as to form a straight line while maintaining the distance between the two strip conductor lines. (In this case, the length of the linear portion at the end of the slot line 15 is approximately 1/4 wavelength in terms of electrical length).

  1 and 2, the end of the triplate line 16 is configured to be short-circuited to the power feeding unit 14 through the through hole 17, but the end position of the triplate line 16 is extended to open stubs. By configuring (approximately 1/4 wavelength in electrical length), the through hole 17 may be removed.

As described above, the printed dipole antenna according to the first embodiment eliminates the gap generated between the dielectric substrate forming the dipole antenna and the reflecting plate, so that the radiated wave of the dipole antenna in the direction of the reflecting plate is reduced. Leakage to the back side of the reflector as an unnecessary wave can be suppressed.
In addition, the reflection characteristic of the dipole antenna has a feature that a wide band can be achieved.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a printed dipole antenna array according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The printed dipole antenna array according to the second embodiment constitutes a phased array antenna using the printed dipole antenna according to the first embodiment as an element antenna. FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing an array configuration of a one-dimensional array of printed dipole antennas, and FIG. 3B is a side view seen from the direction of the arrow in FIG. Substrates constituting the one-dimensional array shown in FIG. 3A are two-dimensionally arranged to form a two-dimensional array. Below, the case where this phased array antenna comprises an active phased array antenna is demonstrated to an example. Note that the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment denote the same elements.

  In FIG. 3, the antenna substrate 30 is integrally configured by linearly uniting the plurality of printed dipole antennas 10 described in the first embodiment on a dielectric multilayer substrate. Thus, the printed dipole antenna 10 forms a one-dimensional antenna array. The reflector 31 is configured from the reflector 18 described in the first embodiment. The reflector 31 is erected from the antenna substrate 30 so as to be in contact with the ground conductor 12 (not shown in FIG. 3) of the first embodiment formed on the antenna substrate 30 to obtain conduction. The antenna substrate 30 is loaded with a cooling structure 33 and a transmission / reception module 34. The cooling structure 33 and the transmission / reception module 34 are arranged on the back side where the printed dipole antenna 10 is not provided with the reflector 31 interposed therebetween. The transmission / reception module 34 and the cooling structure 33 are arranged so as to sandwich the antenna substrate 30 therebetween.

  The transmission / reception module 34 is composed of a metal chassis or a dielectric multilayer substrate package whose entire outer periphery is covered with a conductive metal. The transmission / reception module 34 contains high-frequency circuits such as an amplifier, a phase shifter, a mixer, and a circulator. The outer peripheral surface of the transmission / reception module 34 is electrically connected to the antenna substrate 30. The cooling structure 33 is provided with a refrigerant circulating inside and a member having high thermal conductivity. The cooling structure 33 cools the heat generated in the transmission / reception module 34. The back surface of the reflector 31 is in contact with the side surface of the cooling structure 33, and is fastened and fixed to the cooling structure 33 by screws 32. A plurality of antenna substrates 30 are arranged in the thickness direction of the antenna substrate 30 with a predetermined interval. Thus, the printed dipole antenna 10 forms a two-dimensional antenna array. Further, the reflector 31 is disposed on the outer periphery (the upper surface in FIG. 3B) of the transmission / reception module 34 mounted on the adjacent antenna substrate 30. At this time, the reflection plate 31 is electrically connected to the transmission / reception module 34 of the adjacent antenna substrate 30 via the gasket 35.

  Next, the operation of the printed dipole antenna array according to the second embodiment will be described. A transmission signal input from an input end of an antenna array (not shown) is transmitted to each element unit via a distribution circuit, and is transmitted to the transmission / reception module 24 loaded on each element antenna (printed dipole antenna 10). . The transmission signal transmitted to the transmission / reception module 24 is amplified, phase-controlled, etc., and transmitted to the input end (see FIG. 1A) of the element antenna (printed dipole antenna 10). Since the operation after the input to the input terminal is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description is omitted here. The transmission waves radiated from each element antenna (the radiating portion 13 of the printed dipole antenna 10) are spatially synthesized to realize a desired radiation characteristic.

  Since the printed dipole antenna array according to the second embodiment uses the printed dipole antenna 10 according to the first embodiment, there is no gap between the antenna substrate 30 and the reflecting plate 31. For this reason, unnecessary wave leakage to the back side of the reflector does not occur, and each component such as a power supply circuit, transmission / reception module, control circuit, power supply, etc., installed in the rear stage of the antenna, causes performance degradation or malfunction due to leakage of this unnecessary wave. Does not occur.

  Further, in order to establish conduction between the reflection plate 31 and the adjacent antenna substrate 30, as shown in FIG. 3B, the reflection plate 31 and, for example, the adjacent transmission / reception module 34 connected to the adjacent antenna substrate 30 are connected. A gasket 35 is provided between the outer surface. The gasket 35 may be a rubber-like elastic body impregnated with a conductive filler or a conductive adhesive.

  In addition, the reflector 31 is fixed to the adjacent cooling structure 33 with screws 32 from the front. Thereby, it can be set as the structure which does not produce a clearance gap between the adjacent antenna substrates 30. FIG. In addition, even when the antenna array is configured, an effect of preventing unwanted waves from leaking to the back side of the reflector can be obtained.

  Instead of providing the gasket 35, the end of the reflecting plate 31 may be bent into a finger shape so as to have elasticity, so that the outer peripheral surface of the adjacent transmitting / receiving module 34 is urged and brought into contact. Further, the description has been given of conducting the reflection plate 31 and the transmission / reception module 34 through the gasket 35. However, the gasket 35 is provided between the reflection plate 31 and the cooling structure 33 loaded on the adjacent antenna substrate 30. It is also possible to use a configuration that ensures conduction. In addition, as described above, the reflector 31 is not directly connected to the transmission / reception module 34 or the cooling structure 33 but is connected to the reflector 31 via a metal block or other conductor. In short, it suffices if the reflector 31 can ensure conduction to the adjacent antenna substrate 30.

  According to the second embodiment, the reflecting plate 31 is electrically connected to the adjacent antenna substrate 30 and fixed. As a result, in an antenna array configured by arranging a plurality of antenna substrates 30 at a predetermined interval, the antenna substrate 30 can be easily inserted and removed from the front surface of the antenna in units of the individual antenna substrates 30. Become. Thereby, even when a certain component loaded on the back side of the reflecting plate 31 has a failure, it can be easily removed and replaced in units of an integrated antenna substrate.

  By the way, instead of the reflector 31, an integrated reflector having a hole through which the antenna substrate 30 can pass may be used. In this case, conduction is ensured by applying a gasket between the antenna substrate 30 and the hole of the integrated reflector, and between the integrated reflector and the outer surface of the cooling structure or the transmission / reception module. Needless to say.

  The printed dipole antenna according to the first embodiment is used, for example, as an element antenna of various radar array antennas (regardless of fixed station or mobile station), and can be used for a wide range of applications such as radar and communication.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Printed dipole antenna, 11 Dielectric multilayer substrate, 12 Ground conductor, 13 Radiation part, 14 Feeding part, 15 Slot line, 16 Triplate line, 17 Through hole, 18 Reflector, 19 Through hole, 20 Radiation part, 21 Through hole, 30 antenna substrate, 31 reflector, 33 cooling structure, 34 transceiver module, 35 gasket.

Claims (5)

An antenna radiating portion formed of a first radiating conductor and a second radiating conductor, which are respectively formed on opposing surface layers of the dielectric and arranged with a gap of a predetermined interval ;
The respectively formed on the surface layer of the dielectric double-sided, a ground conductor where the antenna radiation portion is connected,
A triplate line that is formed in a dielectric layer sandwiched between the ground conductor and a part of the antenna radiating portion and feeds power to the antenna radiating portion;
And a slot line formed by a gap between the first radiating conductor and the second radiating conductor of the antenna radiating portion, and disposed between the tip of the antenna radiating portion and the ground conductor ,
Each formed antenna substrate,
A reflector that is electrically connected to the ground conductor of the antenna substrate and is erected from the antenna substrate;
With
The triplate line is electromagnetically coupled to the slot line across the slot line,
At a position immediately after the tip of the triplate line intersects the slot line, the triplate line is short-circuited to a part of the slot line by a through hole,
The slot line has a wide slot width around a connection portion with the ground conductor.   The dipole antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a through hole connected to the ground conductors on both sides of the dielectric around the reflector.   The antenna substrate is an array antenna in which a plurality of antenna radiating portions and triplate lines according to claim 1 or 2 are arranged.   An array antenna in which a plurality of the antenna substrates according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are arranged at a predetermined interval, and the reflector comes into contact with an adjacent antenna substrate through a conductor.   An array antenna in which a plurality of antenna substrates according to any one of claims 1 to 4 are arranged at a predetermined interval, and an elastic reflection plate comes into contact with an adjacent antenna substrate and is conducted.

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