JP5712492B2 - Two-wire DC distribution system and two-wire dimmer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a two-wire DC distribution system and a two-wire dimmer for supplying power for power to an electric product that operates on a direct current.

Currently, AC power sources are used as commercial power sources and household power sources. Some electrical products used at home operate with a DC power supply. When using electrical products for DC, it was necessary to convert commercial power and household power from alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). . However, in many cases, the AC-DC conversion efficiency is about 80%, and about 20% of the electric energy is discharged as heat. In order to avoid waste of energy due to AC-DC conversion, a DC power distribution system that supplies electric power to DC electric products in a direct current is introduced in data centers, stores, and the like.
Conventionally, utilization of natural energy that does not emit carbon dioxide has been demanded as a measure against global warming, and in recent years, photovoltaic power generation has been spreading to households. Accordingly, it is considered that a DC power distribution system that stores DC power obtained by solar power generation in a storage battery and supplies the power directly to an electric product will be widely used in the future.

In a conventional DC power distribution system, a 4-wire wiring may be required to operate an electrical product. For example, when dimming a light-emitting diode luminaire (hereinafter, the light-emitting diode is described as “LED”), a power source for operating the dimmer is required. In this case, it is necessary to lay a total of four wires in the dimmer, two for power supply wiring and two for output (FIG. 10).
However, there is a problem that a distribution system using four-wire wiring is expensive to install, and a DC power distribution system that supplies direct current using two-wire wiring is desirable.

Conventionally, a night light that does not require the wiring of an AC 100V commercial AC power supply has been provided as a means for reducing the installation cost (Patent Document 1).
The night light of Patent Document 1 eliminates the need for AC 100 V commercial AC power supply wiring up to the night light. Thereby, the wiring construction of the commercial AC power supply to the place where the nightlight is installed can be eliminated, and the laying cost can be reduced.

JP 11-273877 A

  The night light of Patent Document 1 is a terminal device that is driven by an AC 24V AC power supply system that includes a transmission signal converted by a transmission processing device that is powered by an AC 100V commercial power source. With the power supply system of Patent Document 1, the wiring to the night light may be a low-power wiring, and therefore the AC 100V commercial AC power supply wiring to the night light can be eliminated.

However, the nightlight of Patent Document 1 is a nightlight used in a remote monitoring control system that controls the operation of a load by control data transmitted from a transmission processing device via two signal lines, and operates with a direct current. It did not provide a DC power distribution system that supplies power for power to electrical products.
Further, Patent Document 1 does not provide a DC power distribution system in which an electrical product is directly operated by a DC power source by a two-wire wiring.

  The present invention provides a two-wire DC distribution system capable of supplying electric power to an electric product by direct current using a two-wire wiring capable of reducing laying costs and controlling the operation of the electric product such as dimming of LED lighting. The object is to provide a two-wire dimmer.

The two-wire DC distribution system of the present invention is a two-wire DC distribution system in which a power source of a DC distribution system, an electrical product, and a control device for the electrical product are connected to a two-wire wiring, the control device Includes a main current control unit including a switching element that controls a power source of an electric product based on a pulse signal, a power generation unit including an integration circuit that integrates a pulse voltage input when the main current control unit is turned off, and a power generation Control unit including an electric device that controls the operation of an electrical product using the voltage generated by the unit as a power source, and a pulse signal obtained by pulse-width modulating the voltage output from the operation control unit with a variable width of a duty ratio of 5% to 95% And a PWM oscillation unit having a variable duty ratio oscillation unit that sends a pulse signal of the PWM oscillation unit to the gate of the switching element of the main current control unit. The main current flowing through the electrical product is controlled by turning on / off the switching device, and the main current is supplied to the power source generation unit when the switching device is off to control the operation of the electrical product. Two-wire wiring is performed.

When the electrical product is a light-emitting diode illuminator, the control device integrates the switching element that controls a current supplied to the light-emitting diode illuminating device and a pulse voltage that is input when the switching element is non-conductive. And a time constant circuit including a variable resistor that receives a voltage output from the integration circuit via a variable duty ratio multivibrator, and the duty ratio variable is a voltage output from the time constant circuit. The dimmer is pulse-width modulated by a multivibrator and sent to the switching element.
Further, the electric product is provided with a minute current suppressing circuit that allows a minute current to flow in the DC power distribution system.

The two-wire dimmer of the present invention is a two-wire dimmer in which a DC distribution distribution board, a light-emitting diode illuminating device, and a dimmer of the light-emitting diode illuminating device are connected to a two-wire wiring. A switching element that controls the current supplied to the light emitting diode lighting device, an integration circuit that integrates a pulse voltage that is input when the switching element is non-conductive, and a voltage output from the integration circuit that has a variable duty ratio multivibrator. And a time constant circuit including a variable resistor received via the pulse width modulation of the voltage output from the time constant circuit with a variable width of a duty ratio of 5% to 95% by the duty ratio variable multivibrator. The main current that flows to the LED lighting device is controlled by turning on and off the switching element, and the main current is supplied when the switching element is off. Two-wire wiring is performed by flowing through the integrating circuit and using it as the power source for the dimmer.

The two-wire DC distribution system of the present invention controls the operation of an electric device (for example, a dimmer, human sensor, delay switch, etc.) that controls the current flowing through the switching element and controls the operation of the electrical product. It is supplied as a power source. As a result, the power supply wiring of the electrical equipment for controlling the operation of the electrical product is not required, and the electrical product can be controlled by the 2-wire wiring, and the wiring laying construction cost can be reduced or reduced. In addition, a wiring system without waste can be provided.
The two-wire dimmer of the present invention controls the current flowing through the switching element and uses the current as an operating power supply, as in the two-wire DC distribution system of the present invention, and reduces wiring construction costs. Alternatively, the present invention has the effect of providing a wiring system that can be reduced and is not wasted.

  In addition, when a DC power supply is opened and closed with a mechanical switch, arc discharge occurs between the contacts, and contact wear, damage, and deterioration of contact life become a problem. Therefore, a long-life wiring system can be provided.

It is a figure showing the Example of the DC power distribution system of this invention, and a two-wire dimmer. It is a waveform showing operation | movement of the DC power distribution system of FIG. 1, and a two-wire dimmer. It is a waveform showing operation | movement of the DC power distribution system of FIG. 1, and a two-wire dimmer. It is a waveform showing operation | movement of the DC power distribution system of FIG. 1, and a two-wire dimmer. It is the schematic of LED illumination 2 wire type light control wiring of FIG. It is a figure showing the other Example of the DC power distribution system of this invention. It is a figure showing the other Example of the DC power distribution system of this invention. It is a figure which shows the microcurrent suppression circuit provided in the LED lighting fixture of FIG. 1 and FIG. It is a figure which shows the microcurrent suppression circuit provided in the direct current ventilation fan of FIG. It is the schematic of the conventional LED illumination 4-wire type light control wiring.

  The present invention realizes operation control of an electrical product using a DC 2-wire wiring in a DC power distribution system.

A two-wire DC distribution system and a two-wire dimmer according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a DC power distribution system according to the present invention, and is a LED lighting two-wire dimming wiring diagram for DC power distribution. 2 to 4 are waveforms representing operations of the DC power distribution system and the two-wire dimmer shown in FIG. 2A to 4C, a diagram (a) is a waveform representing a signal voltage to the input terminal of the logic IC I1, and a diagram (b) is a waveform representing a signal voltage output from the logic IC I1. Fig. (C) is a waveform representing the signal voltage applied to the main current control unit, and Fig. (D) is generated by the power generation unit when the signal voltage of Fig. (C) is applied to the main current control unit. It is a waveform showing the operating voltage of the control apparatus. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the LED illumination two-wire dimming wiring of FIG.
The two-wire DC distribution system 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a two-wire wiring, a DC distribution distribution board 12 (a power source for the DC distribution system 10), an LED lighting device 14 (electric product), and a control of the LED lighting device 14. The device 16 is connected. The LED lighting fixture 14 is a lighting fixture that lights an LED bulb 14a disposed indoors.

  The DC distribution / distribution panel 12 is an LED illuminator 14 (electricity) via a two-wire wiring of the DC distribution system 10 using a + 12V to + 48V DC power supply such as a commercial power supply (AC-DC converted), a solar battery, a storage battery, or the like. Product).

The control device 16 is a control device that controls the operation of the electrical product 14 disposed indoors, and includes a main current control unit 18, a power supply generation unit 20, and a PWM oscillation unit 22. In FIG. 1, the control device 16 is a dimmer.
The main current control unit 18 includes a MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET) Q1 which is a switching element. When the MOSFET Q1 is turned on, the main current control unit 18 becomes conductive, and the LED bulb 14a of the LED lighting fixture 14 is turned on. The Zener diode ZD1 protects the gate G of the MOSFET Q1 when an overvoltage is applied.
The power generation unit 20 is an integration circuit including a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1. The power supply generation unit 20 integrates the pulse voltage supplied to the power supply generation unit 20 when the main current control unit 18 is non-conductive by an integration circuit, smoothes it, and supplies it to the PWM oscillation unit 22.
The PWM oscillation unit 22 includes a dimming control circuit (operation control unit for dimming the LED lighting fixture 14) that controls the illuminance of the LED lighting fixture 14, and PWM ( It includes logic ICs I1, I2, and I3 (inverters) controlled by pulse width modulation (Pulse Width Modulation).

The operation of the dimmer (control device 16) in FIG. 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 is a waveform diagram at the time of intermediate illuminance of the LED bulb 14a of the LED lighting apparatus 14, FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of the LED bulb 14a at the maximum illuminance, and FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of the LED bulb 14a at the lowest illuminance.
In FIG. 1, a DC voltage supplied by a DC distribution distribution board 12 is supplied to a control device 16 (a dimmer) via an LED lighting device 14 that is a load. The supplied voltage is supplied to the logic ICs, I1, I2, and I3 through an integration circuit including the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 of the power supply generation unit 20.

The variable duty ratio multivibrator 24 composed of three inverter ICs I1, I2, and I3 functions in the same manner as the PWM oscillation circuit. The PWM oscillation output signal (pulse signal) of the variable duty ratio multivibrator 24 (variable duty ratio oscillation circuit) is sent to the gate G of the MOSFET (switching element) Q1 of the main current control unit 18 and the current flowing through the LED lighting device 14 Is PWM controlled.
The logic ICs I1, I2 and I3 of the variable duty ratio multivibrator 24 are connected in series. The outputs of the logic ICs I3 are connected to the input terminals of the logic ICs I1 via the diodes D1 and D2 and the resistors R5 and R6, the variable resistor VR1, the capacitor C2, and the resistor R4 shown in FIG. Yes. The other terminal of the capacitor C2 is connected to the input terminals of the logic ICs I3.

Next, the operation of the variable duty ratio multivibrator 24 will be described.
(Explanation of operation at the time of LED intermediate illumination)
In FIG. 1, when the power switch (not shown) is turned on, assuming that the variable resistor VR1 is at the intermediate point and the output voltage of the logic IC I3 is “H”, the output voltage is the diode D2, the resistor 6 and The capacitor C2 is charged through a resistance obtained by adding half the resistance value of the variable resistor VR1. The output voltage is also supplied to the input terminals of the logic ICs I1 via the resistor R4. At this time, the signal voltage at the input terminal (point A in FIG. 1) of the logic IC I1 is a time constant circuit 26 constituted by a resistor C6 and a resistor obtained by adding half of the resistance values of the resistor 6 and the variable resistor VR1. Thus, a bias-like signal voltage is obtained (FIG. 2A), and when the bias-like signal voltage exceeds the threshold voltage of the logic IC, I1, the output voltages of the logic IC, I1 are inverted. (Point B in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (b)). Further, the PWM output in FIG. 2B has a duty ratio of about 50%.
On the other hand, assuming that the variable resistor VR1 is at an intermediate point and the output voltage of the logic IC I3 is “L”, the output voltage is half of the resistance values of the diode D1, the resistor 5 and the variable resistor VR1. The capacitor C2 is charged through the resistor.
Since the variable resistor VR1 is an intermediate point, even when the output of the logic IC I3 is “H” or “L”, the time constant circuit constant is the same, so the duty ratio is 50%, and the LED lighting device 14 The illuminance is intermediate illuminance.

(Explanation of operation at LED maximum illumination)
When the knob 28 (FIG. 5) of the variable resistor VR1 is turned to “bright” in FIG. 1, the time constant circuit constant increases, and the output voltage reaches the threshold voltage as shown in FIG. Since it takes time to complete, the PWM output has a duty ratio of approximately 95%.
(Explanation of operation at the minimum illumination intensity of LED)
When the knob 28 (FIG. 5) of the variable resistor VR1 is turned to “dark” in FIG. 1, the time constant circuit constant decreases, and the output voltage reaches the threshold voltage as shown in FIG. 4 (a). Since the time is short, the PWM output has a duty ratio of about 5%.

  The output voltage of the logic IC I1 (PWM oscillation output signal of the variable duty ratio multivibrator 24) passes through the resistor R3 and is sent to the gate G of the MOSFET (switching element) Q1 of the main current control unit 18 to turn on the MOSFET Q1. It is turned off (FIGS. 2B, 3B, and 4B), and the main current flowing through the LED lighting fixture 14 is PWM-controlled.

When the MOSFET Q1 is off, the current (pulse voltage) of FIG. 2C, FIG. 3C, and FIG. 4C flowing through the power generation unit 20 is smoothed by the integration circuit of the power generation unit 20 ( 2 (d), FIG. 3 (d), FIG. 4 (d)) , a dimming control circuit or control device that is supplied to the PWM oscillating unit 22 and controls the illuminance of the LED lighting device 14 provided in the PWM oscillating unit 22. (Dimmer) This is an operating power source for 16. Therefore, in the DC power distribution system 10 of the present invention, only two wires are wired to the dimmer 16, so that the laying becomes easy (FIG. 5). There is no need to provide two wires as power supply wires as in the conventional LED illumination 4-wire dimming wires in FIG. 10, and the laying cost can be reduced or reduced, and a wasteful wiring method can be provided.

  In FIG. 1, the operation power supply of the dimmer 16 generated by the integrating circuit of the power supply generation unit 20 has a pulsating flow as shown in FIG. 2C, FIG. 3C, and FIG. 4C. The pulsating flow can be eliminated by the Zener diode ZD1 of the main current control unit 18.

Next, another embodiment of the two-wire DC distribution system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is an LED illumination 2-wire lighting wiring diagram with a human sensor for DC distribution function. In FIG. 6, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1, and the description of the components is omitted.
The DC distribution system 30 in FIG. 6 is an operation control that is a human sensor switch that controls lighting of the PWM oscillation unit 32 and the LED lighting device 14 instead of the PWM oscillation unit 22 of the two-wire DC distribution system 10 in FIG. A portion 34 is provided.
In the DC power distribution system 30 with a two-wire wiring as shown in FIG. 6, a DC voltage is supplied to the operation control unit 34 (human sensor switch) that turns on the LED lighting fixture 14.
The operation control unit 34 is a human sensor switch including a human body detection unit (pyroelectric sensor), an amplification unit, a comparator, and a timer unit. Since the human sensor switch is a known one, description of each component will be omitted.
In the control device 16 of FIG. 6, while the timer output of the timer unit is “H (high)”, the output of the duty ratio variable oscillation unit (duty ratio variable oscillation circuit) of the PWM oscillation unit 32 is as shown in FIG. Assume that the duty ratio is set to approximately 95% as shown in b). Therefore, when the movement of the human body is detected, the main current control unit 18 is turned on when the output is turned on in FIG. 3B, and the LED lighting device 14 is turned on. Further, during the lighting period, an output voltage with a remaining duty ratio of 5% as shown in FIG. 3C is sent to the power generation unit 20 for the operation power supply of the human sensor switch of the operation control unit 34, and the power generation unit 20 20 is supplied to the human sensor switch of the operation control unit 34 (FIG. 3D).
When the timer output of the timer unit becomes “L (low)”, the output of the variable duty ratio oscillation unit is set to zero (0%), and the LED lighting device 14 is turned off.
In FIG. 6, the PWM oscillator 32 and the operation controller 34 are controlled by a microcomputer.

Next, another embodiment of the two-wire DC distribution system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is a wiring diagram of a 2-wire delay switch for DC distribution.
In FIG. 7, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1, and the description of the components is omitted.
The DC distribution system 36 in FIG. 7 includes an operation control unit 40 that is a delay switch that controls the operation of the PWM oscillation unit 32 and the DC ventilation fan 38 in place of the PWM oscillation unit 22 of the two-wire DC distribution system 10 in FIG. It is provided.
The operation control unit 40 is a delay switch including a switch unit, a switch detection unit, and a timer unit. In addition, since the said delay switch is a well-known thing, description of each structure part is abbreviate | omitted.
In the operation control unit 40 of FIG. 7, while the timer output of the timer unit is “H (high)”, the output of the duty ratio variable oscillation unit (duty ratio variable oscillation circuit) of the PWM oscillation unit 32 is as shown in FIG. It is assumed that the duty ratio is set to about 95% as shown in (b). Therefore, when the switch unit is turned on, the main current control unit 18 becomes conductive when the output is turned on in FIG. 3B, and the DC ventilation fan 38 rotates. Further, during the rotation operation period, an output voltage with a remaining duty ratio of 5% as shown in FIG. 3C is sent to the power generation unit 20 for the operation power of the delay switch of the operation control unit 40, and the power generation unit 20 To the delay switch of the operation control unit 40 (FIG. 3D).
In FIG. 7, when the switch unit is turned off during the rotation operation of the DC ventilation fan 38, the switch detection unit issues a count start command to the timer unit, the timer unit starts counting, and the PWM oscillation unit 32 starts counting after the set time elapses. The duty ratio variable oscillation unit is set to stop. That is, when the timer output of the timer unit becomes “L (low)”, the output of the variable duty ratio oscillation unit is set to zero (0%), and the operation of the DC ventilation fan 38 stops. .
In FIG. 7, the PWM oscillating unit 32 and the operation control unit 40 are controlled by a microcomputer.

1, 6, and 7, the control device 16 (light control device) for dimming the LED lighting device 14, and the operation control unit 34 (human feeling) for lighting the LED lighting device 14. The DC voltage is supplied to the operation control unit 40 (delay switch) that rotates the sensor switch) and the DC ventilation fan 38. Therefore, a current flows through the LED lighting device 14 and the DC ventilation fan 38. However, since the current is very small, the LED lighting device 14 is turned off (or slightly turned on), and the DC ventilation fan 38 is stopped or vibrated.
Moreover, in order to stop the operation | movement by the electric current which flows into the said LED lighting fixture 14 or the DC ventilation fan 38, you may provide the fine current suppression circuit 42 in the LED lighting fixture 14 or the DC ventilation fan 38 (FIG. 8, FIG. 9). FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the minute current suppressing circuit 42 is built in the LED lighting apparatus 14, and FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an embodiment in which the minute current suppressing circuit 42 is externally attached to the DC ventilation fan 38.
The minute current suppression circuit 42 includes a switching element (MOSFET) Q3, resistors R7 and R8, an NPN transistor Q2, and a capacitor C3. When the voltage across the resistor R7 generated when the load current of the LED lighting device 14 and the DC ventilation fan 38 flows through the switching element Q3 and the resistor R7 reaches a predetermined voltage (0.6 V), the collector of the NPN transistor Q2 Since the emitter is turned on and the gate voltage of the switching element Q3 is lowered, the switching element Q3 is turned off, and the load current is limited to a constant current. The resistor R8 is a resistor that turns on the switching element Q3. The minute current suppression circuit 42 can eliminate the slight lighting in the LED lighting fixture 14 and can eliminate the slight vibration in the DC ventilation fan 38. In addition, by providing the minute current suppressing circuit 42, even when the output is off (FIG. 3B), a minute current can be passed through the operation control unit of FIGS. The power supply voltage can be supplied to the microcomputer of the oscillation unit 32 and the operation control unit 34 and the microcomputer of the PWM oscillation unit 32 and the operation control unit 40 of FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 DC distribution system 12 DC distribution distribution board 14 LED lighting equipment 16 Control apparatus 18 Main current control part 20 Power supply generation part 22 PWM oscillation part 30 DC distribution system 32 PWM oscillation part 34 Operation control part 36 DC distribution system 38 DC ventilation fan 40 Operation control unit 42 Slight current suppression circuit

Claims (4)

A two-wire DC power distribution system in which a power source for a DC power distribution system, an electrical product, and a control device for the electrical product are connected to a two-wire wiring, wherein the control device supplies power to the electrical product based on a pulse signal. A main current control unit including a switching element for controlling the power supply, a power generation unit including an integration circuit that integrates a pulse voltage input when the main current control unit is turned off, and a voltage generated by the power generation unit as a power source. An operation control unit having an electrical device for controlling the operation, and a duty ratio variable oscillation for sending a pulse signal obtained by pulse-width modulating the voltage output from the operation control unit with a variable width of a duty ratio of 5% to 95% to the main current control unit A PWM oscillation unit, and a pulse signal of the PWM oscillation unit is sent to the gate of the switching element of the main current control unit, and the switching element is turned on / off to flow to the electrical product. The main current is controlled, and when the switching element is off, the main current is passed through the power generation unit to control the operation of the electrical product, and the two-wire wiring is performed. 2-wire DC power distribution system. When the electrical product is a light-emitting diode illuminator, the control device integrates the switching element that controls a current supplied to the light-emitting diode illuminating device and a pulse voltage that is input when the switching element is non-conductive. An integration circuit; and a time constant circuit including a variable resistor that receives the voltage output from the integration circuit via a duty ratio variable multivibrator, and the voltage output from the time constant circuit is the duty ratio variable multivibrator. 2. The two-wire DC distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the dimmer is a pulse dimmer modulated by means of a dimmer and sent to the switching element. 3. The two-wire DC distribution system according to claim 1, wherein a minute current suppressing circuit that allows a minute current to flow through the DC distribution system is provided in the electric product. A two-wire dimmer in which a DC distribution distribution board, a light-emitting diode illuminating device, and a dimmer of the light-emitting diode illuminating device are connected to a two-wire wiring, and a current supplied to the light-emitting diode illuminating device A time constant circuit including a switching element for controlling the voltage, an integration circuit for integrating a pulse voltage input when the switching element is non-conductive, and a variable resistor for receiving the voltage output from the integration circuit via a variable duty ratio multivibrator The voltage output from the time constant circuit is pulse-width modulated by the variable duty ratio multi-vibrator with a variable width of 5% to 95% and sent to the switching element, and the switching element is turned on / off to emit light. The main current flowing through the diode lighting device is controlled, and when the switching element is off, the main current is passed through the integrating circuit to With work power, two-wire dimmer and performing wiring of 2-wire.

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