JP5710724B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, and in particular, liquid crystal molecules in homogeneous orientation during black display, and in-plane switching (IPS) mode liquid crystal that controls transmission and blocking of light by applying a horizontal electric field thereto. The present invention relates to a display device, which relates to improvement of viewing angle characteristics (particularly during black display and low gradation display).

  As a method of making the direction of the electric field applied to the liquid crystal a direction parallel to the substrate (hereinafter referred to as a transverse electric field method or an IPS mode), a method using a comb electrode provided on a single substrate [Patent Literature 1) Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-21907, [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-80424, and [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-056476. By this method, the liquid crystal molecules rotate mainly in a plane parallel to the substrate, so that the difference in the degree of birefringence between when an electric field is applied and when it is not applied is small and the viewing angle is wide. It is known.

  However, in the IPS mode, although the change in the birefringence of the liquid crystal itself is small, it is known that light leaks when viewed from an oblique direction shifted from the absorption axis of the polarizing plate due to the characteristics of the polarizing plate. In order to eliminate such light leakage in the oblique direction of the polarizing plate, a method using a phase difference plate is disclosed in [Patent Document 4] JP 2001-350022 A. However, this document basically improves the viewing angle of only the polarizing plate and considers the influence of the liquid crystal for the VA mode. However, the IPS mode does not disclose any method for compensating for the influence of the liquid crystal layer. Not.

  [Patent Document 5] Japanese Patent Publication No. 3204182 discloses means for solving the change in white color depending on the viewing direction. However, there is no mention of improvement in black display characteristics.

  On the other hand, [Patent Document 6] Japanese Patent Publication No. 29882869 discloses a configuration in which a retardation plate is disposed on one inner side of a polarizing plate in order to improve the viewing angle characteristics of black display. This method also considers the influence of the supporting substrate TAC arranged on both sides of the polarizing plate. However, with one phase compensation on one side, not only black does not sink at an oblique viewing angle, but also the liquid crystal layer Our study revealed that it was not configured to reduce coloring due to chromatic dispersion. Further, there is no disclosure about the difference in phase compensation depending on whether the alignment axis (slow axis) of liquid crystal molecules during black display is parallel or perpendicular to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate on the incident side. In the above-described known example, the viewing angle characteristic is discussed only with the luminance characteristic, and no method for dealing with this color change is disclosed.

  Furthermore, in [Patent Document 7] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-208356, in order to improve the oblique luminance floating and oblique coloration of black display, the supporting substrate of one polarizing plate is made substantially optically isotropic, and the other. The structure which arrange | positions a phase difference plate is disclosed. Although this method can reduce the influence due to the wavelength dispersion of the liquid crystal layer, it has been found by our examination that it is not configured to reduce coloring due to the wavelength dispersion of the retardation plate.

  [Patent Document 8] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-242441 discloses a color filter (CF) in which the retardation Rth in the thickness direction is different for each color of R, G, and B in order to improve the diagonal coloring of black display. The configuration is disclosed. However, there is no mention of the structure of the retardation plate necessary for improving the black luminance slanting brightness floating. In addition, the difference in phase compensation depending on whether the alignment axis (slow axis) of liquid crystal molecules during black display is parallel to or perpendicular to the absorption axis of the polarizing plate on the incident side is not disclosed.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-21907 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-80424 JP 2001-056476 A JP 2001-350022 A Japanese Patent No. 3204182 Japanese Patent Publication No. 29882869 JP 2005-208356 A JP 2008-244201 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-3733

Physics Society of Applied Physics, “Crystal optics” published by Morikita Publishing Co., Ltd. 198 4th edition, 4th edition, Chapter 5, p102 to p163 "Basic Engineering", published by Hyundai Engineering Company, 3rd edition, 1999, Chapter 4, p210 to p217 J. et al. Opt. Soc. Am. Article title “Optical in Stratified and Anisotropic Media: 4 × 4-Matrix Formulation” W. By Berreman, 1972, volume 62, NO4, p502 to p510

  In an in-plane switching (IPS) mode liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal molecules are homogeneously aligned during black display and the transmission and blocking of light are controlled by applying a horizontal electric field to the liquid crystal molecules, Brightness and coloration occur.

  The IPS mode uses liquid crystal molecules with homogeneous alignment and two polarizing plates arranged so that the absorption axis is perpendicular to the front and back and left and right directions with respect to the front of the screen. When viewed, the absorption axes of the two polarizing plates are perpendicular to each other, and the homogeneously aligned liquid crystal molecules and one of the polarizing plates are parallel, so that the black luminance can be sufficiently reduced. On the other hand, when the screen is viewed obliquely from the direction of the azimuth angle of 45 °, the angle formed by the absorption axes of the two polarizing plates deviates from 90 °, so that the transmitted light is sufficiently birefringent and light leaks. Black brightness cannot be reduced. Furthermore, the amount of light leakage in the oblique direction differs depending on the wavelength, resulting in coloring. Therefore, in the IPS mode, in order to obtain a good display at all angles in all directions in the IPS mode, the IPS mode in which both the luminance increase and coloring at the time of black display when viewed from an oblique direction are reduced. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device.

  In order to solve the above problems, a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a first substrate having a first polarizing layer on a light incident side and a second substrate having another second polarizing layer. The liquid crystal layer in which the absorption axis is substantially vertical and the liquid crystal molecules are arranged substantially parallel to the substrate, and the first substrate or the second substrate on the side close to the liquid crystal layer on each pixel. A liquid crystal display device having a backlight device and a matrix driving electrode group having a pair of electrodes facing each other, wherein the absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer are substantially perpendicular Has one or a plurality of optical compensation members disposed between the first polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer, and the refractive index between the second polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer is substantially isotropic. In the case where the absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer are substantially parallel, One or more optical compensation members are arranged between the liquid crystal layer, the refractive index is substantially isotropic between the first polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer, and absorption of the first polarizing layer The axis and the slow axis of the one or more optical compensation members are substantially perpendicular, and the color filter layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate satisfies nx≈ny ≠ nz, and red ( At least one of the thickness direction retardations Rth (R), Rth (G), and Rth (B) of each of the R) pixel, the green (G) pixel, and the blue (B) pixel is different from the other pixels, and red (R ) The Rth of the pixel satisfies the following formula. Rth (R)> 0 nm

  Details will be described in the following embodiment.

  According to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, by defining the configuration of the polarizing plate, the liquid crystal layer, the CF, the optical compensation member, and the optical constant of each optical member, the influence of the liquid crystal layer and the optical compensation member in the oblique field of view It is possible to reduce the black luminance and coloring in the oblique direction.

It is the block diagram which showed one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is the block diagram which showed one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a definition diagram for demonstrating the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a general Poincare sphere display for explaining the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. It is a Poincare sphere display for explaining the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. It is a block diagram for demonstrating the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a Poincare sphere display for explaining the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. It is the block diagram which showed one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a Poincare sphere display for explaining the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. It is a Poincare sphere display for explaining the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. It is a Poincare sphere display for explaining the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. It is the block diagram which showed one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a Poincare sphere display for explaining the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. It is the block diagram which showed one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a Poincare sphere display for explaining the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. It is the block diagram which showed one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a Poincare sphere display for explaining the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the evaluation parameter | index used for this invention. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the evaluation parameter | index used for this invention. It is a characteristic view of the comparative example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of the comparative example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is a characteristic view of one Example of the liquid crystal display device of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

  With the rise of liquid crystal TVs, it is important how a liquid crystal display that is not self-luminous transmits light from the illumination device when displaying white and blocks light when displaying black. The present embodiment relates to a liquid crystal display device that reduces luminance when viewed obliquely during black display and at the same time eliminates coloring.

  First, the definition will be described with reference to FIG. 3 before explaining why the luminance increases and coloring occurs when viewed from an oblique direction during black display. When light 60 from the illumination device is incident, light is modulated by the liquid crystal element, and light is emitted from the display surface 10D, the normal direction of the display surface 10D is 80N, the horizontal direction is 70H, and the vertical vertical direction is 70V. Assuming that the projection of the viewing direction 80V onto the display surface 10D is 80A, the angle formed by the horizontal direction 70H is denoted by φ as the azimuth angle 81, and the angle formed by the normal direction 80N and the viewing direction 80V is denoted by the polar angle θ.

  Next, in the pair of orthogonal polarizing plates, the polar angle θ and the azimuth angle φ are set to θ ≠ 0 °, φ ≠ 0 °, 180 ° ± 90 °, and the reason for light leakage will be considered. When the absorption axes 11BA and 12BA (or transmission axes 11BT and 12BT) of the two polarizing plates are orthogonal to each other as shown in FIG. 4.1, the light incident from the normal direction of the polarizing plate Becomes linearly polarized light and is absorbed by the polarizing plate on the output side, and can display black. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4.2, when viewed from an oblique direction (θ ≠ 0 °, φ ≠ 0 °, 180 ° ± 90 °), it has a component parallel to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate. However, light is not completely blocked by the polarizing plate on the opposite side and light leakage occurs. Furthermore, when a parallel alignment liquid crystal layer is disposed between orthogonal polarizing plates, the liquid crystal layer is not affected if the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer is parallel to the absorption axis of the incident side polarizing plate. Our study revealed that the liquid crystal layer was affected when the axes were shifted or when two polarizing plates were deviated from orthogonal.

  To understand these polarization states, the Poincare sphere display is very easy to understand. The Poincare sphere display is disclosed in [Non-Patent Document 1] edited by the Optical Society of Applied Physics, “Crystal Optics”, published by Morikita Publishing Co., Ltd., published in 1984, 1st Edition, 4th Edition, Chapter 5, p102-163. The Stokes parameters S0, S1, S2, and S3 have x and y axes in a plane perpendicular to the light traveling direction, the electric field amplitudes are Ex and Ey, respectively, and the relative phase difference between Ex and Ey is δ (= If δy−δx), the following equation (1) is obtained.

完全偏光の場合は、Ｓ０^２＝Ｓ１^２＋Ｓ２^２＋Ｓ３^２となる。また、これをポアンカレ球上に表示すると、図５に示すようになる。つまり、空間直交座標系の各軸にＳ１，Ｓ２，Ｓ３軸を取り、偏光状態を表すＳ点は、強度Ｓ０の半径とする球面上に位置する。ある偏光状態Ｓの点を取り、緯度Ｌａ及び経度Ｌｏを用いて表示すると、完全偏光の場合はＳ０^２＝Ｓ１^２＋Ｓ２^２＋Ｓ３^２であるため、半径１の球を考えると、下記の式（２）のようになる。

In the case of complete polarization, S0 ² = S1 ² + S2 ² + S3 ² . When this is displayed on the Poincare sphere, it is as shown in FIG. In other words, the points S1, S2, and S3 are taken as the axes of the spatial orthogonal coordinate system, and the S point representing the polarization state is located on a spherical surface having a radius of intensity S0. Taking a point of a certain polarization state S and displaying it using latitude La and longitude Lo, in the case of complete polarization, S0 ² = S1 ² + S2 ² + S3 ^2. 2).

ここで、ポアンカレ球上では、上半球は右回りの偏光、下半球は左回りの偏光、赤道上は直線偏光、上下両極はそれぞれ右円偏光、左円偏光が配置される。

Here, on the Poincare sphere, the upper hemisphere has clockwise polarization, the lower hemisphere has counterclockwise polarization, the equator has linear polarization, and the upper and lower poles have right circular polarization and left circular polarization, respectively.

  When the state of Fig. 4.2 is considered on the Poincare sphere, it is as shown in Fig. 6. Here, FIG. 6 shows a case where the azimuth is φ = 45 ° and θ = 60 °. FIG. 6.1 shows the projection onto the S1-S3 plane, and FIG. 6.2 shows the projection onto the S1-S2 plane. . The polarization state of the polarization transmission axis 11BT on the light incident side is 200T, the linear polarization having the polarization component on the absorption axis 11BA is 200A, the polarization transmission axis 12BT on the emission side is 201T, and the linear polarization having the polarization component on the absorption axis 12BA is 201A. Indicated by That is, the distance 311 between 200T and 201A causes light leakage. Therefore, it is understood that light leakage can be eliminated by performing the conversion 300 from the polarization state of 200T to the polarization state of 201A.

  Although FIG. 6 considered the ideal state of only a polarizing layer, the normal polarizing plate has the support base material arrange | positioned at the both sides of the polarizing layer, and the support base material usually consists of triacetylcellulose (TAC). Since TAC has birefringence, the polarization state changes when light enters and exits from an oblique direction. The change in the polarization state due to the birefringent medium is caused by the physical property values (refractive index, thickness) of the birefringent medium around a specific axis determined by values related to incident light (azimuth angle, viewing angle) on the Poincare sphere. ) And values related to incident light (azimuth angle, viewing angle), and are expressed by rotating at a specific angle by tilt retardation representing birefringence in an oblique direction.

  From the above, it is not affected by the polarization state at normal incidence, but the polarization state is changed by the influence of the support substrate at oblique incidence. Here, a change in the polarization state is considered in the optical layer configuration shown in FIG. Polarizers 11 and 12 are disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 15, a support substrate 11 </ b> C is disposed inside the incident-side polarizer 11, and a support substrate 12 </ b> C is disposed inside the emission-side polarizer 12. Here, the optical axis 15S of the liquid crystal layer is arranged perpendicular to the absorption axis 11BA of the incident side polarizing plate 11, parallel to the transmission axis 11BT, parallel to the absorption axis 12BA of the outgoing side polarizing plate 12, and perpendicular to the transmission axis 12BT. This is called e-mode, and when the axes of the upper and lower polarizing plates are rotated by 90 °, that is, the optical axis 15S of the liquid crystal layer is parallel to the absorption axis 11BA of the incident side polarizing plate 11 and perpendicular to the transmission axis 11BT. Thus, the case where the output side polarizing plate 12 is arranged perpendicular to the absorption axis 12BA and parallel to the transmission axis 12BT is referred to as o-mode. Usually, support bases 11A and 12A are arranged outside the polarizing layers 11B and 12B as shown in FIG. 1, but they are omitted because they are not necessary for considering the polarization state.

  Regarding the configuration of FIG. 7, the change of the polarization state on the Poincare sphere will be considered with reference to FIG. Unless otherwise noted, each physical property value is considered as a value of light having a wavelength of 550 nm. As in FIG. 6, when considering light viewed from an azimuth angle φ = 45 ° and a viewing angle θ = 60 °, the polarization state of the light transmitted through the transmission axis 11BT of the polarizing layer 11B is 200T, and the supporting base material 11C. Is converted into the polarization state 202. Further, the liquid crystal layer 15 converts 301 into a polarization state 203. Further, the light is converted into the polarization state 204 by the support base 12 </ b> C of the emission side polarizing plate 12. Here, the polarization state coincident with the absorption axis 12BA of the polarization layer 12B on the emission side is 201A, and light leaks by the distance 310 between the polarization states 204 and 201A.

  Furthermore, in FIG. 8.1, the light of 550 nm was considered, but in FIG. 8.2, the polarization state change in the visible light region (B: 450 nm, G: 550 nm, R: 620 nm) is shown for the configuration of FIG. . Here, the above visible light wavelength was selected in order to consider a change in polarization state regarding a general three primary color filter. Considering the light when viewed from the azimuth angle φ = 45 ° and the viewing angle θ = 60 ° as in FIG. 6, the polarization state of the light transmitted through the transmission axis 11BT is 200T, and the polarization state 212R is caused by the support base 11C. , G, B. Further, the liquid crystal layer 15 converts the polarization state to 213R, G, B. Further, the light is converted into polarization states 214R, G, and B by the support base 12C of the output side polarizing plate 12. Here, the polarization state that coincides with the absorption axis 12BA of the polarizing layer 12B on the emission side is 201A, and as can be seen from 214R, G, B and 201A, it has been found that the amount of light leakage varies depending on the wavelength. Therefore, it can be understood that coloring occurs when viewed obliquely.

  The configuration of the liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment is shown in FIG. The absorption axis between the first substrate 13 having the first polarizing plate 11 on the light incident side and the second substrate 14 having the other second polarizing plate 12 is substantially vertical, and the liquid crystal molecules are the substrate. The liquid crystal molecules are aligned with the first polarizing layer by applying an electric field in a direction parallel to the first substrate and substantially perpendicular or substantially parallel to the absorption axis of the first polarizing layer. A pair of electrodes facing each pixel on the side close to the liquid crystal layer of either the first substrate or the second substrate, and the liquid crystal layer 15 rotating in a plane parallel to the substrate A matrix driving electrode group is provided, and a backlight unit is disposed.

  The left side of FIG. 1 shows an e-mode in which the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer 15 is substantially perpendicular to the absorption axis of the polarizing layer 11B. In this case, the optical compensation members 17 and 18 are sandwiched between the liquid crystal layer 15 and the polarizing layer 11B and also serve as a support base material.

  FIG. 1 includes polarizing plate support bases 11A and 12A and substrates 13 and 14, which can be ignored when considering the polarization state. FIG. 9 shows an optical configuration diagram in which these are omitted and the slow axis direction in the plane parallel to the substrate of each member is clearly shown. The slow axes of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 may be either orthogonal or parallel to the incident-side polarizing plate absorption axis, but are illustrated as being orthogonal in FIG. In such an optical configuration, a method for reducing light leakage from an oblique direction by the color filter 16 and the optical compensation members 17 and 18 will be considered.

  FIG. 10 shows a change in polarization state using a Poincare sphere. In FIG. 10.1, considering the light when viewed from an azimuth angle φ = 45 ° and a viewing angle θ = 60 °, the polarization state of the light transmitted through the transmission axis 11BT of the polarizing layer 11B is 200T, and the optical compensation member 17 is converted 417 to a polarization state 517. Next, the optical compensation member 18 converts 418 into a polarization state 201A. The polarization state conversion by the liquid crystal layer 15 is expressed by a rotation conversion 415 centering on 201A. Therefore, when the polarization state is 201A, the polarization state conversion does not occur. Thus, when only the light of 550 nm is considered, the influence of the liquid crystal layer is eliminated, and a good black display can be obtained.

  On the other hand, FIG. 10.2 shows the polarization state change with respect to the visible light region (B: 450 nm, G: 550 nm, R: 620 nm). Here, the above visible light wavelength was selected in order to consider a change in polarization state regarding a general three primary color filter. The light converted by the optical compensation member 17 spreads like polarization states 617R, 617G, and 617B due to the wavelength dispersion characteristic of the optical compensation member 17. Thereafter, the polarization state 617G is converted to the polarization state 201A by the optical compensation member 18 by the optical compensation member 18, while 617R and 617B are converted to the polarization states 618R and 618B by the wavelength dispersion characteristic of the optical compensation member 18. Further, the polarization states 618R and 618G are converted into the polarization states 615R and 615B by the liquid crystal layer. As can be understood so far, in this state, the amount of light leakage differs depending on the wavelength dispersion characteristic of the optical compensation member for each of red, blue, and green, and coloring occurs when viewed obliquely. Here, when the Rth of the color filter 16 is controlled independently for each color, the polarization states 615R and 615B are converted to the polarization states 616R and 616B, and the diagonal coloring is suppressed as compared with the case where the Rth of the color filter 16 is not considered. Is possible.

  In FIG. 10.2, the blue pixel of the color filter 16 satisfies Rth (B)> 0 nm because of the relationship between the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and the liquid crystal layer 15. On the other hand, consider a case where the combination of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 is changed to reduce the liquid crystal layer Re. In FIG. 11.1, considering the light when viewed from an azimuth angle φ = 45 ° and a viewing angle θ = 60 °, the effect of the liquid crystal layer is eliminated when considering only 550 nm light as in FIG. As a result, a good black display can be obtained.

  On the other hand, FIG. 11.2 shows a change in polarization state in the visible light region (B: 450 nm, G: 550 nm, R: 620 nm). Here, the above visible light wavelength was selected in order to consider a change in polarization state regarding a general three primary color filter. The light converted by the optical compensation member 17 spreads like polarization states 617R, 617G, and 617B due to the wavelength dispersion characteristic of the optical compensation member 17. Thereafter, the polarization state 617G is converted to the polarization state 201A by the optical compensation member 18 by the optical compensation member 18, while 617R and 617B are converted to the polarization states 618R and 618B by the wavelength dispersion characteristic of the optical compensation member 18. Further, the polarization states 618R and 618G are converted into the polarization states 615R and 615B by the liquid crystal layer. Here, when the Rth of the color filter 16 is controlled independently for each color, the polarization states 615R and 615B are converted into the polarization states 616R and 616B. In this case, the blue pixel of the color filter 16 satisfies Rth (B) <0 nm.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 10.2 and 11.2, the polarization state 615R in the red (R) pixel region of the color filter has a positive S3 direction component. Therefore, in order to reduce red light leakage, it is necessary that Rth (R) of the red pixel satisfies the expression (3).

上記のように、偏光層１１Ｂの吸収軸と、光学補償部材１７および１８の遅相軸が略垂直である場合であって、カラーフィルタに入射する５５０ｎｍ付近の光が偏光状態２０１Ａに近くなるように光学補償部材１７及び１８等の光学定数が決定されている場合には、赤（Ｒ）画素領域の偏光状態６１５Ｒは、Ｓ３方向成分が正となる傾向にある。したがって、赤色の光漏れを低減するために、赤画素のＲｔｈ（Ｒ）を０ｎｍよりも大きくすることで赤色の光漏れを低減できる。

As described above, in the case where the absorption axis of the polarizing layer 11B and the slow axis of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 are substantially perpendicular, the light near 550 nm incident on the color filter is close to the polarization state 201A. When the optical constants of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 are determined, the polarization state 615R of the red (R) pixel region tends to have a positive S3 direction component. Therefore, in order to reduce red light leakage, red light leakage can be reduced by making Rth (R) of the red pixel larger than 0 nm.

  In contrast, in the polarization state 615B of the blue pixel region of the color filter, the S3 component changes both positively and negatively depending on the combination of the optical compensation members, but the polarization state change 415 of the liquid crystal layer is a rotation conversion around 201A. For this reason, the radius of the rotational conversion is in the range as shown by the equation (4), depending on the combination of the optical compensation members and the wavelength dispersion characteristics.

ここで、Ｎｚ１は光学補償部材１７におけるＮｚ係数であり、Ｎｚ２は光学補償部材１８におけるＮｚ係数であり、Ｎｚ１≧１、かつ、Ｎｚ２≦０を満たす。

Here, Nz1 is an Nz coefficient in the optical compensation member 17, Nz2 is an Nz coefficient in the optical compensation member 18, and satisfies Nz1 ≧ 1 and Nz2 ≦ 0.

  Up to this point, the method of reducing the black luminance in the oblique direction and reducing the coloring under the condition has been shown. On the other hand, FIG. 12 demonstrates the method which can reduce the coloring in an oblique direction significantly. As can be seen from FIG. 12.1, the same configuration as in FIG. 10 is considered.

  In FIG. 10.2, the green pixel region of the color filter is illustrated as having an Rth close to 0 nm. Here, the red, green, The Rth of the blue pixel area is adjusted to a positive or negative value. That is, as shown in FIG. 12.2, if the distances between the polarization states 616R, 616G, 616B and 201A are substantially the same (on a circle having a radius of 320), the amount of light leakage becomes uniform and coloring is greatly increased. It becomes possible to reduce.

  As described above, by independently controlling the Rth of the color filter in accordance with the wavelength dispersion characteristics of the optical compensation member and the liquid crystal layer, it becomes possible to achieve both the black luminance in the oblique direction and the reduction of coloring more than before. . Furthermore, by independently controlling the Rth of the color filter, it becomes possible to achieve a configuration in which coloring in the oblique direction is greatly reduced, so that the range of selection can be expanded compared with the case where phase compensation is studied using only an optical compensation member. It becomes possible.

  Next, consider the case where the slow axis of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 is parallel to the incident-side polarizing plate absorption axis on the left side of FIG. FIG. 1 includes polarizing plate support bases 11A and 12A and substrates 13 and 14, which can be ignored when considering the polarization state. Considering an optical configuration diagram in which these are omitted and the slow axis direction in the substrate parallel plane of each member is clearly shown, FIG. 13 is obtained.

  In such an optical configuration, a method for reducing light leakage from an oblique direction by the color filter 16 and the optical compensation members 17 and 18 will be considered.

  FIG. 14 shows a change in polarization state using a Poincare sphere. In FIG. 14.1, when the light viewed from the azimuth angle φ = 45 ° and the viewing angle θ = 60 ° is considered, the polarization state of the light transmitted through the transmission axis 11BT of the polarizing layer 11B is 200T, and the optical compensation member 17 is converted 417 to a polarization state 517. Next, the optical compensation member 18 converts 418 into a polarization state 201A. The polarization state conversion by the liquid crystal layer 15 is expressed by a rotation conversion 415 centering on 201A. Therefore, when the polarization state is 201A, the polarization state conversion does not occur. Thus, when only the light of 550 nm is considered, the influence of the liquid crystal layer is eliminated, and a good black display can be obtained.

  On the other hand, FIG. 14.2 shows the polarization state change with respect to the visible light region (B: 450 nm, G: 550 nm, R: 620 nm). Here, the above visible light wavelength was selected in order to consider a change in polarization state regarding a general three primary color filter. The light converted by the optical compensation member 17 spreads like polarization states 617R, 617G, and 617B due to the wavelength dispersion characteristic of the optical compensation member 17. Thereafter, the polarization state 617G is converted to the polarization state 201A by the optical compensation member 18 by the optical compensation member 18, while 617R and 617B are converted to the polarization states 618R and 618B by the wavelength dispersion characteristic of the optical compensation member 18. Further, the polarization states 618R and 618G are converted into the polarization states 615R and 615B by the liquid crystal layer. As can be understood so far, in this state, the amount of light leakage differs for each of red, green, and blue colors due to the wavelength dispersion characteristics of the optical compensation member, and coloring occurs when viewed obliquely. Here, when the Rth of the color filter 16 is controlled independently for each color, the polarization states 615R and 615B are converted to the polarization states 616R and 616B, and the diagonal coloring is suppressed as compared with the case where the Rth of the color filter 16 is not considered. Is possible.

  As can be seen from FIG. 14, when the slow axis of the optical compensation member is perpendicular to the incident-side polarizing plate absorption axis, the polarization state change is significantly different from the parallel case, and the positive and negative are reversed when considered in the S3 direction. . Therefore, since the S3 direction component of the polarization state 615R in the red pixel region of the color filter is negative, Rth (R) of the red pixel needs to satisfy Expression (5) in order to reduce red light leakage. .

とする必要がある。

It is necessary to.

  Thus, even when the slow axis of the optical compensation member is parallel to the incident-side polarizing plate absorption axis, the principle of light leakage reduction is the same as in the vertical case. Therefore, as described with reference to FIG. 12, even if they are parallel, if the distances between the polarization states 616R, 616G, 616B and 201A are substantially the same, the amount of light leakage becomes uniform, and coloring is greatly reduced. Is possible.

  Next, consider the o-mode on the right side of FIG. In o-mode, the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer 15 is substantially parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing layer 11B. In this case, the optical compensation members 17 and 18 are sandwiched between the liquid crystal layer 15 and the polarizing layer 12B, and also serve as a support base material.

  FIG. 15 shows the optical configuration. Here, a case is considered where the slow axis of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 is parallel to the incident-side polarizing plate absorption axis. The change in polarization state in this case is shown in FIG. 16 by Poincare sphere. As shown in FIG. 16.1, in the o-mode, the polarization state of the light transmitted through the transmission axis 11BT of the polarizing layer 11B is 200T. The polarization state conversion by the liquid crystal layer 15 is expressed by a rotation conversion 415 centering on 200T. Therefore, when the polarization state is 200T, that is, when the absorption axis 11BA of the polarizing layer 11B and the slow axis 15S of the liquid crystal layer are substantially parallel, the polarization state conversion does not occur. Next, the light is converted 417 into a polarization state 517 by the optical compensation member 17. Further, the optical compensation member 18 converts 418 into a polarization state 201A. Thus, when only the light of 550 nm is considered, the influence of the liquid crystal layer is eliminated, and a good black display can be obtained.

  On the other hand, FIG. 16.2 shows a change in polarization state related to the visible light region (B: 450 nm, G: 550 nm, R: 620 nm). Here, the above visible light wavelength was selected in order to consider a change in polarization state regarding a general three primary color filter. As described in the e-mode, the optical compensation members 17 and 18 have wavelength dispersion characteristics. Therefore, Rth of the color filter is controlled independently to compensate for this. First, the color filter 16 converts the polarization state as in the polarization states 616R, 616G, and 616B. Thereafter, the polarization state is converted to the polarization states 617R, 617G, and 617B by the optical compensation member 17, and the polarization state is changed to the polarization states 618R, 618G, and 618B by the optical compensation member 18. As a result, it is possible to compensate the wavelength dispersion characteristic of the optical compensation member, and it is possible to suppress oblique coloring compared to the case where the Rth of the color filter 16 is not taken into consideration.

  In this case, in order to reduce red light leakage, it is necessary that Rth (R) of the red pixel satisfies the formula (6).

  Next, consider the case where the slow axis of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 is perpendicular to the incident-side polarizing plate absorption axis on the right side of FIG. FIG. 1 includes polarizing plate support bases 11A and 12A and substrates 13 and 14, which can be ignored when considering the polarization state. Considering an optical configuration diagram in which these are omitted and the slow axis direction in the plane parallel to each substrate is clearly shown, FIG. 17 is obtained.

  FIG. 18 shows changes in polarization state using a Poincare sphere. As shown in FIG. 18.1, in the o-mode, the polarization state of the light transmitted through the transmission axis 11BT of the polarizing layer 11B is 200T. The polarization state conversion by the liquid crystal layer 15 is expressed by a rotation conversion 415 centering on 200T. Therefore, when the polarization state is 200T, that is, when the absorption axis 11BA of the polarizing layer 11B and the optical axis 15S of the liquid crystal layer are substantially parallel, the polarization state conversion does not occur. Next, the light is converted 417 into a polarization state 517 by the optical compensation member 17. Further, the optical compensation member 18 converts 418 into a polarization state 201A. Thus, when only the light of 550 nm is considered, the influence of the liquid crystal layer is eliminated, and a good black display can be obtained.

  On the other hand, FIG. 18.2 shows the polarization state change with respect to the visible light region (B: 450 nm, G: 550 nm, R: 620 nm). Here, the above visible light wavelength was selected in order to consider a change in polarization state regarding a general three primary color filter. As described in the e-mode, the optical compensation members 17 and 18 have wavelength dispersion characteristics. Therefore, Rth of the color filter is controlled independently to compensate for this. First, the color filter 16 converts the polarization state as in the polarization states 616R, 616G, and 616B. Thereafter, the polarization state is converted to the polarization states 617R, 617G, and 617B by the optical compensation member 17, and the polarization state is changed to the polarization states 618R, 618G, and 618B by the optical compensation member 18. As a result, it is possible to compensate the wavelength dispersion characteristic of the optical compensation member, and it is possible to suppress oblique coloring compared to the case where the Rth of the color filter 16 is not taken into consideration.

  In this case, in order to reduce red light leakage, Rth (R) of the red pixel needs to satisfy Expression (7).

  So far, two types of e-mode and o-mode, and when the slow axis directions of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 are orthogonal and parallel, all four types have almost the same viewing angle performance. It has been thought that. However, the polarization state conversion is different, and the polarization states of red, green, and blue light due to the wavelength dispersion characteristics of the liquid crystal layer and the optical compensation member are also greatly different. That is, in order to compensate the chromatic dispersion characteristic by the Rth of CF, it is necessary to change the conditions as described above in each case. Thereby, the influence of the liquid crystal layer and the optical compensation member in the oblique visual field can be reduced, and both black luminance in the oblique direction and reduction in coloring can be achieved. As for Rth (B), Nz1 ≦ 0 and Nz2 as in the case where the absorption axis of the polarizing layer 11B and the slow axis of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 are substantially parallel to each other. Blue leakage light can be reduced by satisfying ≧ 1 and within the range of the formula (4).

  Detailed examples of the concept described above are shown in the following examples.

  The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples show specific examples of the contents of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, in a present Example, the result of having calculated numerically using the optical simulation using the 4x4 matrix method currently disclosed by [nonpatent literature 3] is also included. Here, in the simulation, assuming a general configuration, spectral characteristics of a three-wavelength cold cathode tube used for a normal backlight, spectral transmission characteristics of three primary color filters of red, green, and blue, polarizing plate polarization As the layer, spectral characteristics of Nitto Denko 1224DU were used. Furthermore, as a liquid crystal molecule contained in the liquid crystal layer, a nematic liquid crystal having an extraordinary refractive index of 1.573 and an ordinary refractive index of 1.484 is assumed, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is set to 3.7 μm. The wavelength dispersion of the optical compensation member is polycarbonate (PC), polystyrene, norbornene-based material, or a liquid crystalline polymer material, but is not limited thereto.

  In the above-described embodiment, the color filter has uniaxiality, and by adjusting the Rth, both the black luminance in the oblique direction and the reduction in coloring are realized. As a material for adjusting the Rth, , Melamine resin, porphyrin compound, polymerizable liquid crystal compound, and the like are known, but not limited thereto.

  In the above embodiment, it is also assumed that an optical compensation member is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, but such a technique is disclosed in, for example, [Patent Document 9] JP-A-2005-3733. Etc. are disclosed. According to our study, one of the problems of such technology is the flatness of the surface. When the optical compensation member is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, if the surface of the optical compensation member is uneven, this causes variations in the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, resulting in in-plane display unevenness and contrast reduction. However, according to our study, in the IPS mode using a fringe field electric field as proposed in [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-056476, in-plane display unevenness with respect to liquid crystal layer thickness variation. Since it is difficult for the contrast to decrease, it can be easily combined with a technique of disposing an optical compensation member between the first substrate and the second substrate.

  Furthermore, the optical compensation member and the polarizing layer may be formed by applying a material on a substrate and performing an alignment treatment. However, in this case, the configuration shown in the embodiment may change. Specifically, the case where the polarizing layer is disposed on the liquid crystal layer side of the substrate can be considered. Moreover, although FIG. 1 is shown as a structural example in the embodiments, there is no problem with the structure as shown in FIG. The present invention places importance on the optical configuration, and if the optical configuration shown in the present invention is realized, the effects of the present invention can be achieved. For this reason, in the embodiments, an optical configuration is shown as appropriate.

  As a liquid crystal cell, an electrode structure, a substrate, a polarizing layer of a polarizing plate, and an illumination device, those conventionally used as IPS can be applied as they are. The present invention relates to specifications and configurations of optical members.

  The smaller angle (pretilt angle) with respect to the substrate of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer is 0 ° in the simulation shown in the embodiment, but in the range of ± 3 °, it is shown in this embodiment. There was no significant difference in trends. However, the best characteristics were exhibited when the pretilt angle was 0 °.

  The terms used here will be explained.・ Substantially vertical: the angle formed by the smaller one is 88 ° to 90 ° ・ substantially parallel: the angle formed by the smaller one is 0 ° to 2 ° ・ substantially horizontal: the angle formed by the smaller one is 0 ° to 3 ° The case where the direction of the absorption axis 11BA of the first polarizing plate 11 and the alignment axis 15S of the liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied are substantially perpendicular. O-mode: When the direction of the absorption axis 11BA of the first polarizing plate 11 and the alignment axis 15S of the liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied are substantially horizontal (the angle formed by the smaller one is 0 ° to 2 °). Nx: refractive index in the slow axis direction in the substrate parallel plane, ny: refractive index in the fast axis direction in the substrate parallel plane, nz: refractive index in the thickness direction, d: thickness of the optical compensation member, Re : Retardation in the plane parallel to the substrate. Re = (nx−ny) d · Rth: retardation in the thickness direction. Rth = ((nx + ny) / 2−nz) d · Nz coefficient: Nz = (nx−nz) / (nx−ny) · having birefringence: When the absolute value of Re or Rth is greater than about 10 nm. -It is substantially isotropic: when the absolute values of Re and Rth are about 10 nm or less. Positive a-plate: nx> ny≈nz Negative a-plate: nx≈nz> ny Positive c-plate: nz> nx≈ny Negative c-plate: nx≈ny> nz · Rth (R): Rth · Rth (G) at the wavelength R indicating the maximum transmittance of the color filter red (R) pixel: Rth · Rth (B) at the wavelength G indicating the maximum transmittance of the color filter red (G) pixel ): Rth at wavelength B indicating the maximum transmittance of the color filter red (B) pixel

  In this embodiment, this uniaxial anisotropic optical compensation member is used. However, in our examination, it is not always necessary to be positive a-plate, negative a-plate, positive c-plate, or negative c-plate. Nz, which is the Nz coefficient, is 0.8 <Nz <1.2 for positive a-plate, −0.2 <Nz <0.2 for negative a-plate, and Nz <− for positive c-plate. 5. Negative c-plate has no problem even if Nz> 5.

  The structure of this example is shown in the left of FIG. 1, and the optical configuration of the e-mode is shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, Nz1 as the Nz coefficient as the optical compensation member 17 is Nz1 = 1 (Nz ≧ 1), and Nz2 as the Nz coefficient as the optical compensation member 18 is Nz2 = −1 (Nz ≦ 0). Use compensation members. Since the optical compensation member of Nz ≧ 1 and Nz ≦ 0 used here can be easily manufactured as compared with 0 <Nz <1, choices are very wide even when selecting materials. Therefore, various materials can be used by using the optical compensation member in this range.

  Here, it is necessary to define an evaluation index. Since the present invention is aimed at reducing luminance change and chromaticity change when the viewing angle during black display is changed, each evaluation index is introduced.

  As an indicator of luminance change, the maximum transmittance when the viewing angle is changed is introduced. Here, the transmittance is obtained in consideration of visibility at an incident light wavelength of 400 to 700 nm. This will be described with reference to FIG. This figure evaluates the transmittance viewing angle characteristics during black display in three types of liquid crystal display devices with different specifications of optical compensation members, and shows the case where only the polar angle is changed with the azimuth angle fixed. is there. According to the figure, specification 3 has the best luminance change characteristics. Here, it can be seen that the same result can be obtained by comparing the maximum transmittance values in the respective specifications. 451T1, 451T2, and 451T3 are the maximum transmittance values of specifications 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Thus, if the maximum transmittance value is small, it can be said that the change in luminance accompanying the change in viewing angle is also small. When the configuration without the optical compensation member as shown in FIG. 7 was adopted, the maximum transmittance during black display was about 1.2%.

  Next, Δu′v ′ is introduced as an index of chromaticity change. FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram. FIG. 20 is a graph in which the black display color is plotted in the u′v ′ chromaticity diagram in the configuration of FIG. 7, and all chromaticity coordinates viewed from all azimuth angles and all polar angles are plotted. . As a result, the elliptical region shown in FIG. Reducing the chromaticity change accompanying the viewing angle change is equivalent to reducing the elliptical area in the figure. Therefore, the length of the ellipse major axis is used as an evaluation index. This is Δu′v ′. In the case where the optical compensation member is not arranged as shown in FIG. 7, Δu′v ′ at the time of black display is about 0.13.

  In contrast, FIG. 21 shows the maximum transmittance when Nz1 = 1 is used as the optical compensation member 17 and Nz2 = −1 is used as the optical compensation member 18, and Rth of the color filter layer is not taken into consideration (0 nm). , Δu′v ′ are shown in FIG. Thus, the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′ are in a trade-off relationship. When Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, the Re of the optical compensation member 17 is When 130 nm and Re of the optical compensation member 18 are 30 nm, the maximum transmittance is 0.29%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, Δu′v ′ is 0.18 when Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 115 nm and Re of the optical compensation member 18 is 45 nm. FIG. 23 shows the maximum transmittance when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above numerical value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed, and FIG. 24 shows Δu′v ′. As an example, Rth (R) was 5 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Here, FIG. 25 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.29% or less. The cases where Rth (R) is 15, 25, 35, and 45 nm are also shown in FIGS. Among them, when Rth (R) = 5 nm, Rth (G) = − 20 nm, and Rth (B) = 0 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less, and the maximum transmittance is 0.13%, which is the best performance. there were. As shown in these figures, in the range where Rth (R) is larger than 0 nm and smaller than 50 nm, the condition that Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.29% or less. Exists. Rth (R) is preferably 5 nm or more and 35 nm or less. Also, when other values (such as the Re values of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and the optical constants of the liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted within the range of the Nz coefficient as described above, Rth (R) is larger than 0 nm. In a range smaller than 50 nm, the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′ can be reduced. Even in the case where the Nz coefficient is outside the above range, the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′ can be reduced in the range where Rth (R) is set to be larger than 0 nm and smaller than 50 nm. Rth (R) is preferably 5 nm or more and 35 nm or less. The same applies to the case where the optical configuration as shown in FIG. 17 is adopted. In the case of taking the optical configuration as shown in FIGS. 13 and 15, similarly, Rth (R) is set to a range smaller than 0 nm and larger than −50 nm, and Rth (R) is −5 nm or less− The thickness is preferably 35 nm or more.

  Next, when Rth (R) = 5 nm, Rth (G) = − 20 nm, Rth (B) = 0 nm, and Re of the optical compensation member is changed, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less, maximum The region where the transmittance is 0.29% or less is shown in FIG. Thus, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, a wide range of optical compensation members that could not be used can be used.

  The schematic structure of the present embodiment is shown on the left in FIG. 1, and the schematic optical configuration of the e-mode is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, since one optical compensation member with Nz = 0.5 (0.4 <Nz <0.6) is used as the optical compensation member, the optical compensation member 17 is shown in FIG. 1 left and FIG. 18 are displayed, but in this embodiment, it is one optical compensation member. When Rth of the color filter layer is not taken into consideration (0 nm), when Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, the maximum transmittance is obtained when Re of the optical compensation member is 250 nm. Is 0.10%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, when Re of the optical compensation member is 260 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.15 and the maximum transmittance is 0.09%. FIG. 31 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.10% or less when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed. Show. As an example, Rth (R) was 10 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Among them, when Rth (R) = 10 nm, Rth (G) = 0 nm, and Rth (B) = 15 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.08%, which gives the best performance. It was. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in the above range is used, 0 nm <Rth (in the range where other values (Re values of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and optical constants of liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted). B) By setting ≦ 30 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  The structure of this example is shown in the left of FIG. 1, and the optical configuration of the e-mode is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, Nz1 = 0.7 (0.5 <Nz1 <1) is used as the optical compensation member 17 and Nz2 = −6 (Nz2 <0.5) is used as the optical compensation member 18. When Rth of the color filter layer is not taken into consideration (0 nm), when Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 185 nm, and the optical compensation member 18 When Re is 5 nm, the maximum transmittance is 0.17%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, Δu′v ′ is 0.16 and the maximum transmittance is 0.07% when Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 170 nm and Re of the optical compensation member 18 is 8 nm. It becomes. FIG. 32 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.17% or less when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above numerical value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed. Show. As an example, Rth (R) was 10 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Among them, when Rth (R) = 10 nm, Rth (G) = − 10 nm, and Rth (B) = 5 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.08%, which is the best performance. there were. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in the above range is used, | Rth (B) in a range where other values (such as the Re value of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and the optical constants of the liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted. ) By setting | ≦ 30 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  The structure of this example is shown in the left of FIG. 1, and the optical configuration of the e-mode is shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, Nz1 = 6 (Nz1> 0.5) is used as the optical compensation member 17, and an optical compensation member of Nz2 = 0.3 (0 <Nz2 <0.5) is used as the optical compensation member 18. When Rth of the color filter layer is not taken into consideration (0 nm), when Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 9 nm, and the optical compensation member 18 When Re is 155 nm, the maximum transmittance is 0.11%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, Δu′v ′ is 0.15 and the maximum transmittance is 0.10% when Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 9 nm and Re of the optical compensation member 18 is 160 nm. It becomes. FIG. 33 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.11% or less when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed. Show. As an example, Rth (R) was 10 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Among them, when Rth (R) = 10 nm, Rth (G) = 0 nm, and Rth (B) = 10 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.09%, which gives the best performance. It was. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in the above range is used, 0 nm <Rth (in the range where other values (Re values of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and optical constants of liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted). B) By setting ≦ 25 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  The structure of this example is shown on the right side of FIG. 1, and the optical configuration of o-mode is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, Nz1 = 1 (Nz1> 0.5) is used as the optical compensation member 17, and an optical compensation member of Nz2 = −1 (Nz2 <0.5) is used as the optical compensation member 18. When Rth of the color filter layer is not taken into consideration (0 nm), when Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 95 nm, and the optical compensation member 18 When Re is 50 nm, the maximum transmittance is 0.23%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, Δu′v ′ is 0.14 and the maximum transmittance is 0.10% when Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 110 nm and Re of the optical compensation member 18 is 40 nm. It becomes. FIG. 34 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.10% or less when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed. Show. As an example, Rth (R) was 10 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Among them, when Rth (R) = 10 nm, Rth (G) = − 5 nm, and Rth (B) = 0 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.09%, which is the best performance. there were. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in the above range is used, | Rth (B) in a range where other values (such as the Re value of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and the optical constants of the liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted. ) By setting | ≦ 30 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  The schematic structure of the present embodiment is shown on the right side of FIG. 1, and the optical configuration of the o-mode is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, since one optical compensation member with Nz = 0.5 (0.4 <Nz <0.6) is used as the optical compensation member, the optical compensation members 17 and 18 in FIG. Is displayed, but in this embodiment, it is one optical compensation member. When Rth of the color filter layer is not taken into consideration (0 nm), when Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, the maximum transmittance is obtained when Re of the optical compensation member is 245 nm. Is 0.12%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, when Re of the optical compensation member is 260 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.15 and the maximum transmittance is 0.10%. FIG. 35 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.10% or less when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above numerical value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed. Show. As an example, Rth (R) was 10 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Among them, when Rth (R) = 10 nm, Rth (G) = − 5 nm, and Rth (B) = − 30 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.07%, which is the best performance. Met. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in the above range is used, −50 nm ≦ Rth in a range where other values (such as the Re value of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and the optical constants of liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted. By setting (B) ≦ 0 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  The structure of this example is shown in the left of FIG. 1, and the optical configuration of the e-mode is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, Nz1 = −1 (Nz1 ≦ 0) is used as the optical compensation member 17, and an optical compensation member of Nz2 = 1 (Nz2 ≧ 1) is used as the optical compensation member 18. When Rth of the color filter layer is not considered (0 nm), when Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 30 nm, and the optical compensation member 18 When Re is 120 nm, the maximum transmittance is 0.30%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, Δu′v ′ is 0.18 and the maximum transmittance is 0.10% when Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 45 nm and Re of the optical compensation member 18 is 110 nm. It becomes. FIG. 36 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.30% or less when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed. Show. As an example, Rth (R) was set to −40 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Among them, when Rth (R) = − 40 nm, Rth (G) = 20 nm, Rth (B) = − 5 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less, and maximum transmittance is 0.15%, which is the best performance. Met. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in the above range is used, | Rth (B) in a range where other values (such as the Re value of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and the optical constants of the liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted. ) By setting | ≦ 40 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  When the structure on the left in FIG. 1 and the optical configuration of e-mode in FIG. 9 are used, an optical compensation member of Nz1 ≧ 1 is used as the optical compensation member 17 and Nz2 ≦ 0 is used as the optical compensation member 18. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in such a range is used, in a range where other values (such as the Re value of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and the optical constants of liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted, | Rth ( B) By setting | ≦ 40 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  The schematic structure of the present embodiment is shown in the left of FIG. 1, and the schematic optical configuration of the e-mode is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, since one optical compensation member with Nz = 0.5 (0.4 <Nz <0.6) is used as the optical compensation member, the optical compensation members 17 and 18 in FIG. 1 left and FIG. Is displayed, but in this embodiment, it is one optical compensation member. When Rth of the color filter layer is not taken into consideration (0 nm), when Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, the maximum transmittance is obtained when Re of the optical compensation member is 245 nm. Is 0.12%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, when Re of the optical compensation member is 260 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.15 and the maximum transmittance is 0.10%. FIG. 37 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.12% or less when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above numerical value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed. Show. As an example, Rth (R) was set to −25 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Among them, when Rth (R) = − 25 nm, Rth (G) = 15 nm, and Rth (B) = − 5 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.11%, which is the best performance. Met. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in the above range is used, −30 nm ≦ Rth in a range where other values (such as the Re value of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and the optical constants of liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted. By setting (B) ≦ 0 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  The structure of this example is shown in the left of FIG. 1, and the optical configuration of the e-mode is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, an optical compensation member of Nz1 = 0.3 (0 <Nz1 <0.5) is used as the optical compensation member 17 and Nz2 = 6 (Nz2> 0.5) is used as the optical compensation member 18. When Rth of the color filter layer is not taken into consideration (0 nm), when Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 190 nm, and the optical compensation member 18 When Re is 5 nm, the maximum transmittance is 0.20%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, Δu′v ′ is 0.15 and the maximum transmittance is 0.07% when Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 165 nm and Re of the optical compensation member 18 is 9 nm. It becomes. FIG. 38 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.20% or less when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed. Show. As an example, Rth (R) was set to −30 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Among them, when Rth (R) = − 30 nm, Rth (G) = 10 nm, and Rth (B) = 0 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.08%, which is the best performance. there were. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in the above range is used, | Rth (B) in a range where other values (such as the Re value of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and the optical constants of the liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted. ) By setting | ≦ 30 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  The structure of this example is shown in the left of FIG. 1, and the optical configuration of the e-mode is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, Nz1 = −6 (Nz1 <0.5) is used as the optical compensation member 17, and an optical compensation member of Nz2 = 0.7 (0.5 <Nz2 <1) is used as the optical compensation member 18. When Rth of the color filter layer is not taken into consideration (0 nm), when Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 8 nm, and the optical compensation member 18 When Re is 150 nm, the maximum transmittance is 0.13%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, Δu′v ′ is 0.15 and the maximum transmittance is 0.10% when Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 8 nm and Re of the optical compensation member 18 is 160 nm. It becomes. FIG. 39 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.13% or less when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed. Show. As an example, Rth (R) was set to −25 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Among them, when Rth (R) = − 25 nm, Rth (G) = 15 nm, and Rth (B) = − 5 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.12%, which is the best performance. Met. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in the above range is used, −25 nm ≦ Rth in a range where other values (Re values of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and optical constants of liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted. By setting (B) ≦ 0 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  The structure of this example is shown on the right side of FIG. 1, and the optical configuration of o-mode is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, Nz1 = −1 (Nz1 <0.5) is used as the optical compensation member 17, and an optical compensation member of Nz2 = 1 (Nz2> 0.5) is used as the optical compensation member 18. When Rth of the color filter layer is not taken into consideration (0 nm), when Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 35 nm, and the optical compensation member 18 When Re is 120 nm, the maximum transmittance is 0.22%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, Δu′v ′ is 0.17 and the maximum transmittance is 0.10% when Re of the optical compensation member 17 is 45 nm and Re of the optical compensation member 18 is 110 nm. It becomes. FIG. 40 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.22% or less when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed. Show. As an example, Rth (R) was set to −15 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Among them, when Rth (R) = − 15 nm, Rth (G) = 20 nm, and Rth (B) = 10 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.13%, which is the best performance. there were. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in the above range is used, | Rth (B) in a range where other values (such as the Re value of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and the optical constants of the liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted. ) By setting | ≦ 30 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  The schematic structure of this example is shown on the right side of FIG. 1, and the optical configuration of the o-mode is schematically shown in FIG. In this embodiment, since one optical compensation member of Nz = 0.5 (0.4 <Nz <0.6) is used as the optical compensation member, the optical compensation members 17 and 18 in FIG. 1 right and FIG. Is displayed, but in this embodiment, it is one optical compensation member. When Rth of the color filter layer is not taken into consideration (0 nm), when Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is the smallest, the maximum transmittance is obtained when Re of the optical compensation member is 250 nm. Is 0.11%. On the other hand, when priority is given to the maximum transmittance, when Re of the optical compensation member is 260 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.15 and the maximum transmittance is 0.10%. FIG. 41 shows a region where Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.11% or less when the optical compensation member is fixed to the above value and the Rth of the color filter layer is changed. Show. As an example, Rth (R) was set to −15 nm. As can be seen from the figure, by changing Rth of the color filter layer, it is possible to achieve both reduction of the maximum transmittance and Δu′v ′. Among them, when Rth (R) = − 15 nm, Rth (G) = 5 nm, and Rth (B) = 30 nm, Δu′v ′ is 0.13 or less and the maximum transmittance is 0.06%, which is the best performance. there were. When an optical compensation member having an Nz coefficient in the above range is used, 0 nm ≦ Rth (in the range where other values (Re values of the optical compensation members 17 and 18 and optical constants of liquid crystal molecules) are appropriately adjusted) B) By setting ≦ 50 nm, Δu′v ′ and the maximum transmittance can be reduced.

  In each of the embodiments after the second embodiment, Rth (R) takes a value as described in the first embodiment. Therefore, the thickness direction retardation of the red pixel and the blue pixel is given, and the leakage light of the red pixel and the blue pixel is reduced, while the balance between the blue leakage light and the red leakage light is balanced and the coloring is also reduced. The Rukoto. The thickness direction retardation Rth (G) of the green pixel in each of the above embodiments has less leakage light because an optical compensation member or the like is provided so as to eliminate the influence of the liquid crystal layer for 550 nm light as described above. However, it is desirable that | Rth (G) | ≦ 30 nm in consideration of the balance with the leakage light of red and blue. In particular, when a plurality of optical compensation members are used, it is difficult to reduce coloring only by adjusting Rth (R) and Rth (B). Therefore, 5 nm ≦ | Rth (G) | ≦ A range of 40 nm is desirable.

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, and in particular, liquid crystal molecules in homogeneous orientation during black display, and in-plane switching (IPS) mode liquid crystal that controls transmission and blocking of light by applying a horizontal electric field thereto. The present invention relates to a display device, which relates to a significant improvement in viewing angle characteristics (particularly during black display and low gradation display) and can be applied to all liquid crystal displays in the IPS mode.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Liquid crystal display element, 10D display surface, 11 Incident side polarizing plate, 12 Outgoing side polarizing plate, 11A, 11C, 12A, 12C Support base material, 11B, 12B Polarizing layer, 11BA, 12BA Absorption axis, 11BT, 12BT Transmission axis, 13, 14 substrate, 15 liquid crystal layer, 15S liquid crystal alignment axis (liquid crystal optical axis), 16 color filter, 17, 18 optical compensation member, 17S, 18S optical compensation member slow axis, 50 lighting device, 51 reflector, 52 lamp , 53 diffuser plate, 60 incident light, 70H display surface horizontal direction, 70V display surface vertical direction, 80A viewing direction projection direction onto display surface, 80N display surface normal direction, 80V viewing direction, 81 azimuth angle, 82 polar angle .

Claims (7)

Each absorption axis between the first substrate having the first polarizing layer on the light incident side and the second substrate having the other second polarizing layer is substantially vertical, and the liquid crystal molecules are substantially parallel to the substrate. An arranged liquid crystal layer;
A matrix-driven electrode group having a pair of electrodes facing each pixel is provided on the side of the first substrate or the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.
A liquid crystal display device having a backlight device,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer are substantially parallel during black display when no voltage is applied ,
First and second optical compensation members are arranged from the liquid crystal layer side between the second polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The first and second optical compensation members have a wavelength corresponding to a green (G) pixel and a viewing angle in a direction shifted by 45 degrees with respect to the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer during black display. The polarization state of the light beam traveling outward at 60 degrees is converted to match the polarization state of the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer,
The refractive index is approximately isotropic between the first polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the slow axis of the first and second optical compensation members are substantially perpendicular,
A color filter layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first optical compensation member satisfies nx≈ny ≠ nz in each of a red (R) pixel, a green (G) pixel, and a blue (B) pixel;
At least one of the thickness direction retardations Rth (R), Rth (G), and Rth (B) of the color filter layer of each of the red (R) pixel, green (G) pixel, and blue (B) pixel is the other Unlike pixels,
Rth (R) of the red (R) pixel satisfies Rth (R)> 0 nm,
Nz1, which is the Nz coefficient in the first optical compensation member, satisfies Nz1> 0.5.
Nz2 that is the Nz coefficient in the second optical compensation member satisfies Nz2 <0.5,
Rth (B) of the blue (B) pixel of the color filter layer satisfies | Rth (B) | ≦ 30 nm.
A liquid crystal display device characterized by the above. Each absorption axis between the first substrate having the first polarizing layer on the light incident side and the second substrate having the other second polarizing layer is substantially vertical, and the liquid crystal molecules are substantially parallel to the substrate. An arranged liquid crystal layer;
A matrix-driven electrode group having a pair of electrodes facing each pixel is provided on the side of the first substrate or the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.
A liquid crystal display device having a backlight device,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer are substantially parallel during black display when no voltage is applied ,
One optical compensation member is disposed between the second polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The first optical compensation member has a wavelength corresponding to a green (G) pixel at the time of black display, and an external angle of 45 degrees with respect to the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer at a viewing angle of 60 degrees. The polarization state of the light beam traveling to, so as to match the polarization state of the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer,
The refractive index is approximately isotropic between the first polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the slow axis of the first optical compensation member are substantially perpendicular;
A color filter layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the one optical compensation member satisfies nx≈ny ≠ nz in each of a red (R) pixel, a green (G) pixel, and a blue (B) pixel;
At least one of the thickness direction retardations Rth (R), Rth (G), and Rth (B) of the color filter layer of each of the red (R) pixel, green (G) pixel, and blue (B) pixel is the other Unlike pixels,
Rth (R) of the red (R) pixel satisfies Rth (R)> 0 nm,
Nz which is an Nz coefficient in the optical compensation member satisfies 0.4 <Nz <0.6,
Rth (B) of the blue (B) pixel of the color filter layer satisfies −50 nm ≦ Rth (B) ≦ 0 nm.
A liquid crystal display device characterized by the above. Each absorption axis between the first substrate having the first polarizing layer on the light incident side and the second substrate having the other second polarizing layer is substantially vertical, and the liquid crystal molecules are substantially parallel to the substrate. An arranged liquid crystal layer;
A matrix-driven electrode group having a pair of electrodes facing each pixel is provided on the side of the first substrate or the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.
A liquid crystal display device having a backlight device,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer are substantially parallel during black display when no voltage is applied ,
First and second optical compensation members are arranged from the liquid crystal layer side between the second polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The first and second optical compensation members have a wavelength corresponding to a green (G) pixel and a viewing angle in a direction shifted by 45 degrees with respect to the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer during black display. The polarization state of the light beam traveling outward at 60 degrees is converted to match the polarization state of the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer,
The refractive index is approximately isotropic between the first polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the slow axis of the first and second optical compensation members are substantially parallel;
A color filter layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first optical compensation member satisfies nx≈ny ≠ nz in each of a red (R) pixel, a green (G) pixel, and a blue (B) pixel;
At least one of the thickness direction retardations Rth (R), Rth (G), and Rth (B) of the color filter layer of each of the red (R) pixel, green (G) pixel, and blue (B) pixel is the other Unlike pixels,
Rth (R) of the red (R) pixel satisfies Rth (R) <0 nm,
Nz1, which is the Nz coefficient in the first optical compensation member, satisfies Nz1 <0.5.
Nz2 that is the Nz coefficient in the second optical compensation member satisfies Nz2> 0.5,
Rth (B) of the blue (B) pixel of the color filter layer satisfies | Rth (B) | ≦ 30 nm.
A liquid crystal display device characterized by the above. Each absorption axis between the first substrate having the first polarizing layer on the light incident side and the second substrate having the other second polarizing layer is substantially vertical, and the liquid crystal molecules are substantially parallel to the substrate. An arranged liquid crystal layer;
A matrix-driven electrode group having a pair of electrodes facing each pixel is provided on the side of the first substrate or the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.
A liquid crystal display device having a backlight device,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer are substantially parallel during black display when no voltage is applied ,
One optical compensation member is disposed between the second polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The first optical compensation member has a wavelength corresponding to a green (G) pixel at the time of black display, and an external angle of 45 degrees with respect to the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer at a viewing angle of 60 degrees. The polarization state of the light beam traveling to, so as to match the polarization state of the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer,
The refractive index is approximately isotropic between the first polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the slow axis of the first optical compensation member are substantially parallel;
A color filter layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the one optical compensation member satisfies nx≈ny ≠ nz in each of a red (R) pixel, a green (G) pixel, and a blue (B) pixel;
At least one of the thickness direction retardations Rth (R), Rth (G), and Rth (B) of the color filter layer of each of the red (R) pixel, green (G) pixel, and blue (B) pixel is the other Unlike pixels,
Rth (R) of the red (R) pixel satisfies Rth (R) <0 nm,
Nz which is an Nz coefficient in the optical compensation member satisfies 0.4 <Nz <0.6,
Rth (B) of the blue (B) pixel of the color filter layer satisfies 0 nm ≦ Rth (B) ≦ 50 nm.
A liquid crystal display device characterized by the above. Each absorption axis between the first substrate having the first polarizing layer on the light incident side and the second substrate having the other second polarizing layer is substantially vertical, and the liquid crystal molecules are substantially parallel to the substrate. An arranged liquid crystal layer;
A matrix-driven electrode group having a pair of electrodes facing each pixel is provided on the side of the first substrate or the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.
A liquid crystal display device having a backlight device,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer are substantially parallel during black display when no voltage is applied ,
First and second optical compensation members are arranged from the liquid crystal layer side between the second polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The first and second optical compensation members have a wavelength corresponding to a green (G) pixel and a viewing angle in a direction shifted by 45 degrees with respect to the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer during black display. The polarization state of the light beam traveling outward at 60 degrees is converted to match the polarization state of the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer,
The refractive index is approximately isotropic between the first polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the slow axis of the first and second optical compensation members are substantially perpendicular,
A color filter layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first optical compensation member satisfies nx≈ny ≠ nz in each of a red (R) pixel, a green (G) pixel, and a blue (B) pixel;
At least one of the thickness direction retardations Rth (R), Rth (G), and Rth (B) of the color filter layer of each of the red (R) pixel, green (G) pixel, and blue (B) pixel is the other Unlike pixels,
Rth (R) of the red (R) pixel satisfies Rth (R)> 0 nm,
Nz1 that is the Nz coefficient in the first optical compensation member satisfies Nz1 ≧ 1.
Nz2 that is the Nz coefficient in the second optical compensation member satisfies Nz2 ≦ 0,
Rth (B) of the blue (B) pixel of the color filter layer satisfies | Rth (B) | ≦ 10.1Ln (| Nz1−0.5 | · | Nz2−0.5 |) +33.1. ,
A liquid crystal display device characterized by the above. Each absorption axis between the first substrate having the first polarizing layer on the light incident side and the second substrate having the other second polarizing layer is substantially vertical, and the liquid crystal molecules are substantially parallel to the substrate. An arranged liquid crystal layer;
A matrix-driven electrode group having a pair of electrodes facing each pixel is provided on the side of the first substrate or the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.
A liquid crystal display device having a backlight device,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer are substantially parallel during black display when no voltage is applied ,
First and second optical compensation members are arranged from the liquid crystal layer side between the second polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The first and second optical compensation members have a wavelength corresponding to a green (G) pixel and a viewing angle in a direction shifted by 45 degrees with respect to the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer during black display. The polarization state of the light beam traveling outward at 60 degrees is converted to match the polarization state of the absorption axis of the second polarizing layer,
The refractive index is approximately isotropic between the first polarizing layer and the liquid crystal layer,
The absorption axis of the first polarizing layer and the slow axis of the first and second optical compensation members are substantially parallel;
A color filter layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first optical compensation member satisfies nx≈ny ≠ nz in each of a red (R) pixel, a green (G) pixel, and a blue (B) pixel;
At least one of the thickness direction retardations Rth (R), Rth (G), and Rth (B) of the color filter layer of each of the red (R) pixel, green (G) pixel, and blue (B) pixel is the other Unlike pixels,
Rth (R) of the red (R) pixel satisfies Rth (R) <0 nm,
Nz1, which is the Nz coefficient in the first optical compensation member, satisfies Nz1 ≦ 0.
Nz2 that is the Nz coefficient in the second optical compensation member satisfies Nz2 ≧ 1,
Rth (B) of the blue (B) pixel of the color filter layer satisfies | Rth (B) | ≦ 10.1Ln (| Nz1−0.5 | · | Nz2−0.5 |) +33.1. ,
A liquid crystal display device characterized by the above. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A liquid crystal display device, wherein Rth (G) of a green (G) pixel of the color filter layer satisfies the following formula. | Rth (G) | ≦ 30nm

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