JP5688186B2 - A new solar power self-tracking system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and specifically to a new type solar power self-tracking system for solar power generation.

  Most of the conventional single-axis solar tracking devices in solar power generation use solar tracking by adopting a longitude / latitude determination / selection method based on the mounting position of the tracking device. On the other hand, most of them use a tracking method of calculation processing based on cloudy, complicated nighttime, nighttime, identification and processing by horizontal direction sensor, fixed time tracking processing, or precise detection for light spot shift It is. In any of the above, the control system is complicated, the drive motor is driven frequently, and the solar cell member on the system rotation axis plane and the incident direction of sunlight are synchronized vertically when the season changes. Therefore, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic power generation member is affected, and it is necessary to arrange an external storage battery and a charge / discharge controller in the tracking device, so that the cost of the system equipment is high. Patent Document 1 discloses an adaptive solar tracking device for photovoltaic power generation. In this apparatus, two photovoltaic power generation members that are attached back to back along the rotation axis are used as a photovoltaic power generation driver. These two photovoltaic power generation members are connected to the reduction motor after the output side is connected in series, and are a solar power sensor and a drive controller and a power source for the reduction motor. Therefore, it is not necessary to arrange an external storage battery and a charge / discharge controller, and it is not necessary to arrange an electric control element, thereby eliminating many intermediate flows related to control and driving. This apparatus has the advantages that the system structure is simple, the number of elements is small, and the cost is not high. However, since the motor is driven and controlled using the conventional online continuous comparison operation method, the solar tracking drive motor that operates during the online comparison is often excited to a comparative oscillation as high as several hertz and eventually several tens of hertz. To work. The drive motor and mechanical structure not only cause erroneous mechanical vibration during the excitation oscillation operation of such a current, but also a vibration type deflection with a large rotation axis angle due to such a large oscillation of the motor current (excitation current). As a result, the inertia of the machine structure is consumed, the meshing gap gradually increases, and thus the accuracy gap of the tracking machine increases beyond the original design meshing gap. As a further disadvantage, such oscillation excitation shortens the life of the motor, the life of the reduction gear, and the service life of the solar panel (drive power supply) for deflection driving. The single-axis solar tracking device with the bearings on both sides as the fulcrum has a relatively small deflection angle for tracking drive, so the rotational torque required for deflection of the rotating shaft is relatively small. Many of the solar power generation drivers employed in the apparatus are solar power generation members in which two output powers reach 20 W or more, and thus both the system cost and the operation cost are high. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, since the two photovoltaic power generation members are connected in series, one photovoltaic power generation member serves as a reverse bias power source for the other photovoltaic power generation member, and operates in a reverse bias state. Solar cell batteries are very likely to be close to the reverse bias conversion region and thus become critical, causing permanent damage and expiration, reducing system life.

Chinese Patent Application No. 101267172

  In response to the above problems, the present invention provides a new solar power self-type solar tracking system, in which the operating state of the system is unstable in the current adaptive solar tracking device, the service life is short, the system cost and the operation The problem of high cost can be solved effectively.

  The technical solution of the present invention is as follows. In a new solar power self-type solar tracking system having a solar panel and a drive motor, the power output side of the solar panel being connected to an inverter power generation system, the solar panel further includes a base type speed reducer, The gantry is attached to a rotary shaft via a gantry connecting plate, the rotary shaft is connected to an output shaft of the basic speed reducer via an axial flange, and the basic speed reducer is a reduction gear base. The drive motor is connected to the base type speed reducer via a worm gear transformer and rotationally drives the base type speed reducer, and the vertical planes on both the east and west sides of the plane of the solar panel. An angle light intensity sensor is attached to each, and a self-power generator is further connected to the power output side of the solar panel. The power output side of the power generator is connected to a solar tracking processor and a 1 ° motor driver, and the self-power generator supplies operating power to the solar tracking processor, 1 ° motor driver and the driving motor, respectively. And a drive motor is electrically connected to the 1 ° motor driver, and the angle light intensity sensor and the 1 ° motor driver are logically electrically connected to the solar tracking processor. Self-powered solar tracking system for solar power generation.

  Furthermore, it has the following characteristics. In a new solar power self-type solar tracking system, the rotating shaft includes a master shaft and a slave shaft, the axial flange includes a master shaft flange and a slave shaft flange, and the master shaft flange and the slave shaft flange. Are attached to the master shaft output side and slave shaft output side of the base type speed reducer, respectively, one end of the master shaft is sleeve-connected to the outer periphery of the master shaft flange, and the other end is connected to the support column of the holder via a bearing stand The slave shaft is attached so as to protrude to the slave shaft output side of the base type speed reducer, the slave shaft is sleeve-connected to the slave shaft flange on the slave shaft output side of the base type speed reducer, and The base type speed reducer and the speed reducer base are integrated, and the base type speed reducer base is attached to the triangular holder of the holder. And features.

  Further, in the new solar power self-tracking system for solar power generation, both the master axis and the slave axis are rectangular tube axes, and the inner circumferences of the master axis and the slave axis are the outer circumference of the master axis flange and the slave axis flange, respectively. Matching with the outer periphery, the master shaft and the master shaft flange, and the slave shaft and the slave shaft flange are both connected with a sleeve and then tightened with screws.

  Furthermore, a new solar power self-tracking system for solar power generation is provided with an axially extending outer shaft on the bearing base, a lug base attached to the support column of the holder, and two lugs symmetrical to the lug base. The two lugs are connected by a lug bolt, a radial through hole is provided on the outer drawer shaft, and the lug bolt passes through the radial through hole on the outer drawer shaft. It is characterized by being tightened with a tightening nut.

  Furthermore, in the new solar power generation self-type solar tracking system, the self-power generator includes a pre-start PWM generator, a BUCK step-down converter, and an LM78 series step-down module, and the input side of the pre-start PWM generator is Connected to the outputs PA + and PA- of the solar panel, the output side of the pre-start PWM generator is connected to the input side of the BUCK step-down converter, and the output side Vcc2 ° of the BUCK step-down converter is the LM78 series step-down. Connected to the input side of the module and the power input side of the drive power controller, and the power output side of the LM78 series step-down module provides the operating power supply Vcc1 to the logic processing circuit of the solar tracking processor and the 1 ° motor driver, respectively. The power output side Vcc2 of the drive power controller is the drive of the 1 ° motor driver. Is connected to the power supply side (Vcc2), a control input side of the drive power supply controller, characterized in that it is electrically connected to the solar tracking processor of the power control output (DYKZ).

  Further, in the new solar power self-type solar tracking system, the solar tracking processor has a light intensity distinction processing module and a logical control unit, and the logical control unit has an I / O interface, a logical integrated control processing module, A light intensity sensor that has a 1 ° feature trigger module and a 1 ° pulse generator module, the angle light intensity sensor is electrically connected to the light intensity distinction processing module, and the light intensity distinction processing module forms after the distinction process; A feature amount is transmitted to the integrated control processing module via an I / O interface, and the integrated control processing module determines a power driver controller based on the light intensity sensing feature amount and the operation flow of the system (logic control unit). Determines the output for the control signal DYKZ by The logical operation state of the trigger module is also specified, and an electric pulse width signal (1 ° pulse width signal (1 °) for deflecting the base type reduction gear by 1 ° based on the logical operation state in which the 1 ° characteristic trigger module is located. MK) and the 1 ° pulse generator module are driven to output 2-bit logic judgment signals A and B, and the logical operation state of the 1 ° feature logic module is “1” installation state and “0” installation. In the “1” installation state, the integrated control processing module controls the 1 ° pulse generator so as to continuously output electric pulses having an electric pulse width that deflects the reduction motor machine by 1 °. In the “0” installation state, the integrated control processing module outputs the electric pulse having the electric pulse width for deflecting the base type reduction gear by 1 ° once every four minutes. ° controls the pulse generator, the solar tracking processor is an analog - characterized by comprising the digital circuit and MCU microchip.

  Further, in the new solar power self-type solar tracking system, the angle light intensity sensor is perpendicular to the surface of the solar panel, the angle light intensity sensor is a micro-long elongate solar cell, and the micro mold length is A solar cell having a scale shape is attached to and attached to vertical surfaces on both the east and west sides of the plane of the solar panel, and the angle light intensity sensor is connected to the logical control unit and the logical electric unit via the light intensity distinction processing module. It is connected.

  Further, in the new solar power self-tracking system for solar power generation, the 1 ° motor driver includes a drive module IC2 and protective diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4, and the Vcc2 input side of the drive module is the self-power generator. The 1 ° motor driver logic circuit operating power supply voltage Vcc1 is connected to the self power generator output Vcc1, and the motor driver operation input logic A, B, and 1 ° MK are The output logic lines A and B of the solar tracking processor are respectively connected to 1 ° MK, the output ground line (reference ground line) GND of the self-power generator is connected to the GND of the drive module, and protective diodes D2 and D4 Is also connected to the b side, and the protection diodes D1 and D3 are connected to the acc. In addition, the output side of the drive module is connected to the output side of the self-power generator Vcc2 and the output side OUT1 of the drive module is connected to the a side of the protection diode D2 and the b side of D1. After the side OUT2 is connected to the a side of the protection diode D4 and the b side of D3, it is used as a lead line for the drive output QD2, and the motor drive outputs QD1, QD2 are drawn to the terminal boxes of the motor drive coils MD1, MD2 Each is connected.

  Furthermore, in the new solar power self-solar tracking system, the pre-start PWM generator performs PWM adjustment with respect to the voltage generated from the solar panel, and generates a PWM pulse that operates as a power tube for DC / DC Buck step-down conversion. The adjustment to the adjustable and adjustable PWM allows the Buck buck converter to generate a Buck conversion voltage to provide the necessary power supply for operation to the logic control unit of the solar tracking processor and the drive motor. The configuration of the startup PWM generator includes a voltage stabilization reference step-down resistor R, an adjustable resistor RW for convenient selection of the self power supply startup voltage, a voltage stabilization diode DW, a filtering capacitor C, and a standard IC chip. An adjustable PWM pulse generator is included, and the Buck buck converter has an output voltage input. This is a single-tube non-isolated DC converter whose output current is lower than the voltage and whose output current is continuous, and whose output current is a pulse type. It has a power switch Q, continuous current power diode D, intact L, and energy storage filtering capacitor Cf. Then, the a side of the voltage stabilizing reference step-down resistor R connected in series to the adjustable resistor RW for convenient selection of the self-power supply starting voltage is connected to PA + and the power of the Buck step-down converter as an output side. The b side of the voltage stabilization reference step-down resistor R connected to the a side of the switch Q and connected in series to the adjustable resistor RW for convenient selection of the self power supply starting voltage is the a of the voltage stabilizing diode DW. Connected to a of the filtering capacitor C and Vcc of the adjustable PWM (IC) standard chip, the output PA− is connected to the b side of the voltage stabilizing diode DW. The pre-start pulse MF generated from the pre-start PWM generator is connected to the b side of the filtering capacitor C and to the GND of the adjustable PWM (IC) standard chip and then connected to GND as the output side. Connected to the input side of the power switch Q of the step-down converter to drive the Buck step-down converter to generate the output Vcc2 °, and to supply the preprocessing voltage to the input side of the LM78 series step-down circuit that generates the output Vcc1, The step-down circuit for generating Vcc1 comprises an LM78 series step-down IC.

  Further, in the new solar power generation self-type solar tracking system, the drive power supply controller includes a drive power supply power switch KG, a constant current source LM317, a constant current limiting sampling resistor R1, a photoelectric coupler GO, and a photoelectric coupler input side current limit. It comprises a resistor RD, an output pull-up resistor R0, and an output pull-down resistor RKG. The output side Vcc2 ° of the Buck step-down converter is connected to the a side of the drive power supply power switch KG and the optocoupler GO output pull-up resistor R0 The output b side of the drive power supply power switch KG is connected to the constant current source circuit input side i side, is connected to the a side of the filtering capacitor CL1, and is connected in series to the constant current circuit output side u side. The OU side of the connected constant current limiting sampling resistor R1 serves as the motor drive source output, and at the same time the constant current circuit The constant current source circuit includes the constant current source LM317 and the constant current limiting sampling resistor R1, and is connected to the pulling adjustment side j and to the a side of the energy storage filtering capacitor CL2. The b side of the up resistor R0 is connected to the 4th pin on the output side of the optocoupler GO, the 3rd pin on the other output side of the optocoupler GO is directly connected to the output D side of the drive power supply power switch KG and a pull down bias resistor Connected to the a side of RKG, the drive power control signal DYKZ output of the logic control unit is connected to pin 1 on the input side of the photoelectric coupler GO, and the a side of the photoelectric coupler GO input photoelectric diode current limiting resistor RD is photoelectric coupled Connected to the pin 2 on the negative electrode lead side of the GO input photoelectric diode, and b of the photoelectric coupler GO input current limiting resistor RD is the driving power supply power It is connected to the b side of the pull-down bias resistor RKG of the switch KG and is connected to the b side of the filtering capacitor CL1 and the energy storage filtering capacitor CL2 and the reference CK side of the LM78 series circuit, and outputs as the reference ground line GND of Vcc2. And

  Compared with the conventional adaptive tracking device for photovoltaic power generation, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. An angle light intensity sensor and a 1 ° motor driver that are logically electrically connected to the logic control unit are provided, and two angle light intensity sensors are provided, which are respectively attached to the vertical planes on both the east and west sides of the solar panel plane. The drive motor and the rotation axis are controlled so that the solar panel is positioned when the system is activated in the early morning and when the system is stopped in the evening from the feature that is output by distinguishing the light intensity output from the two sensors and by the logic control unit. . The 1 ° motor driver is used for solar tracking operations where the system is synchronized to the sun's east-to-west deflection time position after system start-up and initial solar panel positioning, and 15 ° / around the Earth's polar axis. Electric pulse width for driving the drive motor to provide a 1 ° pulse generator module in the logic control unit and to track 1 ° deflection of the rotating shaft on the basis of the rotation speed from west to east that is the speed of h All-weather single-axis solar tracking is achieved by generating an electrical pulse every 4 minutes, and the solar array on the tracker master axis plane synchronizes vertically with sunlight during east-to-west solar tracking. Can be deflected. In order to maintain the accuracy of the system's solar tracking and to operate reliably in harsh climates (such as thunderstorms and dust storms) and in harsh environments, the system requires 3 By providing an initialization operation that calibrates the solar panel tracking position again via the angular light intensity sensor every two drive pulses (driven to deflect 3 ° in solar tracking), the system is self-contained. During tracking, it further ensures that the plane of the solar panel always stays perpendicular to the sunlight. The two angle light intensity sensors also provide a short on-line comparison of initialization every three drive pulses (approximately every 12 minutes) during early morning system start-up operation, evening system shutdown and solar panel self-tracking At other times, the base type speed reducer receives the drive of the 1 ° pulse generator and drives the rotation axis deflection of 1 ° every 4 minutes. Therefore, the system does not require frequent drive control of the motor in a long-term continuous online comparison, and effectively improves the service life and operational reliability of the system's tracker and reducer. In addition, a self-power generator is provided in the system, and the solar power generated from the solar panel of the tracking device itself is stepped down before providing operating power to the logic control unit and 1 ° motor driver. The system operation power supply is self-contained. In addition, the present invention employs a micro-long elongate solar cell as the angle light intensity sensor, and its power is small, reducing the system hardware cost and the operating cost.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the self-type solar tracking system of photovoltaic power generation of this invention. It is a figure which shows attachment of the rotating shaft, the reduction gear, and the drive motor in the self-type solar tracking system of the solar power generation of this invention. It is the figure which expanded the structure of the A section in FIG. It is a figure which shows the control structure of the self-type solar tracking system of photovoltaic power generation of this invention. It is a figure which shows the direction of tracking start positioning (early morning) and tracking stop positioning (evening) perpendicular | vertical to sunlight which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the connection of the light intensity distinction and solar tracking processor which concern on this invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a self-power generator according to the present invention. It is a self-power generator circuit principle diagram according to the present invention. It is a drive power supply controller circuit principle diagram in FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the 1 degree motor driver based on this invention. It is an operation | movement truth value table of the 1 degree motor driver based on this invention. It is a system operation | movement flow control figure of the self-sun tracking system of the solar power generation of this invention. It is a reverse bias characteristic curve of a solar panel.

  Please refer to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. The self-powered solar tracking system for solar power generation of the present invention includes a solar panel 1, a base type speed reducer 5, and a drive motor 15. The solar panel 1 is attached to the gantry 4. The gantry 4 is attached to the rotary shaft 2 via the gantry connecting plate 16. The rotary shaft 2 is connected to the output shaft of the base type speed reducer 5 via an axial flange. The base type speed reducer 5 is attached to the holder 7 via the speed reducer base 12. A base type speed reducer 5 is connected to and attached to the rotating shaft 2. The drive motor 15 is connected to the base type speed reducer 5 via the worm gear transformer 8 and rotationally drives the base type speed reducer 5. The power output side of the solar panel 1 is connected to the inverter power generation system. Angular light intensity sensors 6 are attached to the vertical planes on both the east and west sides of the plane of the solar panel 1. The input side of the self-power generator is further connected to the power output side of the solar panel 1. The power output side of the self-power generator is connected to a solar tracking processor and a 1 ° motor driver, respectively, and provides operating power to the solar tracking processor, 1 ° motor driver, and drive motor 15. The terminals MD1 and MD2 of the drive motor coil drawn out to the terminal box 14 are electrically connected to 1 ° motor driver outputs QD1 and QD2. The angle light intensity sensor 6, 1 ° motor driver is logically electrically connected to the sun tracking processor. The rotating shaft 2 includes a master shaft 9 and a slave shaft 10. The axial flange includes a master shaft flange 11 and a slave shaft flange 13. The master shaft flange 11 and the slave shaft flange 13 are attached to the master shaft output side and the slave shaft output side of the base type speed reducer 5, respectively. One end of the master shaft 9 is sleeve-connected to the outer periphery of the master shaft flange 11, and the other end is attached to the column 18 of the holder 7 via the bearing base 17. The slave shaft 10 is attached so as to project to the slave shaft output side of the base type reduction gear 5. The slave shaft 10 is sleeve-connected to the outer periphery of the slave shaft flange 13. The base type speed reducer 5 and the speed reducer base 12 have an integral structure, and the base type speed reducer base 12 is attached to the triangular holder 19 of the holder 7. Both the master axis 9 and the slave axis 10 are rectangular pipe axes. The inner circumferences of the master shaft 9 and the slave shaft 10 match the outer circumferences of the master shaft flange 11 and the slave shaft flange 13, respectively. Both the master shaft 9 and the master shaft flange 11 and the slave shaft 10 and the slave shaft flange 13 are tightened with screws after being sleeve-connected. The bearing stand 17 is provided with an axially extending outer shaft 20, and a lug base 21 is attached to the column 18 of the holder 7. Two lugs 3 are attached to the lug base 21 symmetrically. The two lugs 3 are connected by lug bolts 23. The outer drawer shaft 20 is provided with a radial through hole 24. The lug bolt 23 passes through the radial through hole 24 on the outer pull-out shaft 20 and is tightened with the tightening nut 22. In FIG. 2, 14 is a terminal box.

  Please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. The self-power generator has a pre-start PWM generator, a BUCK buck converter and an LM78 series buck module. The input side of the pre-start PWM generator is connected to the solar panel outputs PA +, PA-. The output side of the pre-start PWM generator is connected to the input side of the BUCK buck converter. The output side Vcc2 ° of the BUCK step-down converter is connected to the input side of the LM78 series step-down module and the power input side of the drive power controller. The power output side of the LM78 series step-down module provides an operating power supply Vcc1 to each of the logic processing circuits of the solar tracking processor and the 1 ° motor driver. The power supply output side Vcc2 of the drive power supply controller is connected to the drive power supply side (Vcc2) of the 1 ° motor driver. The control input side of the drive power controller is electrically connected to the power control output side (DYKZ) of the solar tracking control processor. The pre-start PWM generator performs PWM adjustment on the voltage generated from the solar panel, and generates a PWM pulse that operates as a power tube that performs DC / DC Buck conversion. By adjusting the adjustable PWM, the Buck buck converter can generate a Buck conversion voltage to provide the solar tracking processor logic control unit and the drive motor with the necessary power supply for operation. The output voltage can be selected and adjusted by adjusting the PWM duty ratio. Its configuration is a voltage stabilizing reference step-down resistor R, an adjustable resistor RW for convenient selection of the self-power supply starting voltage, a voltage stabilizing diode DW, a filtering capacitor C, and an adjustable PWM comprising a standard IC chip. Includes a pulse generator. The Buck buck converter is a single-tube non-isolated DC converter whose output voltage is lower than the input voltage, the output current is a continuous current, and the input current is a pulse type, and is a power switch Q, a continuous current power diode D, An inductance L and an energy storage filtering capacitor Cf are included. The a side of the voltage stabilizing reference step-down resistor R connected in series to the adjustable resistor RW for convenient selection of the self-power supply starting voltage is connected to the PA + and the power switch of the lower Buck as the output side Connected to the a side of Q. The b side of the adjustable resistor RW connected in series with the voltage stabilizing reference step-down resistor R for convenient selection of the self-power supply starting voltage is a for the voltage stabilizing diode DW, a for the filtering capacitor C, and Connected to Vcc of adjustable PWM IC standard chip. The input PA− is connected to the b side of the voltage stabilization diode DW, and simultaneously connected to the b side of the energy storage filtering capacitor Cf and the GND of the adjustable PWM IC standard chip, and the lower Buck buck converter as the output side Connected to the GND. The pre-start pulse MF generated from the pre-start PWM generator is connected to the input side of the Buck power switch Q and drives the Buck to generate an output Vcc2 °. It is connected to the a side of the power switch KG and the input side of the drive power supply controller. Simultaneously with the Vcc2 output, Vcc2 ° is supplied to the input side of the LM78 series step-down module that outputs Vcc1 as a pre-processing voltage.

  Please refer to FIG. The drive power controller includes a drive power switch KG, a constant current source LM317, a constant current limiting sampling resistor R1, a photoelectric coupler GO, a photoelectric coupler input side current limiting resistor RD, an output pull-up resistor R0, and an output pull-down resistor RKG. Become. Vcc2 ° output from Buck is connected to the a side of the drive power supply power switch KG and to the a side of the photoelectric coupler GO output pull-up resistor R0. The output b side of the drive power supply power switch KG is connected to the constant current source circuit input side i side and to the a side of the filtering capacitor CL1, and the constant current circuit output side u side is a constant current limiting sampling resistor. It is connected in series to R1, and its OU side serves as a motor drive source output, is connected to the adjustment side j of the constant current circuit, and is connected to the a side of the energy storage filtering capacitor CL2. The constant current source circuit includes a constant current source LM317 and a constant current limiting sampling resistor R1. The LM317 output current Iout of the constant current source circuit is Iout = (reference voltage Vref / constant current limiting sampling resistor R1) + adjustment side current IAdj = 1.25 V / R1 and 10 mA ≦ Iout ≦ 1.5 A. . The b side of the optocoupler GO output pull-up resistor R0 is connected to the 4th pin on the output side of the optocoupler GO, and the 3rd pin on the other output side of the optocoupler GO is connected to the output D side of the drive power supply switch KG. Directly connected and connected to the a side of the pull-down bias resistor RKG. The drive power supply control signal DYKZ controlled by the logic unit is connected to the input 1 pin of the photoelectric coupler GO. The a side of the photoelectric coupler GO input current limiting resistor RD is connected to two pins on the other input side of the photoelectric coupler GO. The b side of the optoelectronic coupler GO input current limiting resistor RD is connected to the b side of the pull-down bias resistor RKG of the drive power supply power switch KG, and the b side of the filtering capacitor CL1 and the energy storage filtering capacitor CL2 and the LM78 series circuit reference Connected to CK side and output as Vcc2 reference ground line GND.

  The specific operation flow is as follows. When the power supply control (DYKZ) level of the 1 pin on the input side of the photoelectric coupler GO is “1” (high level), the 4th and 3rd pins on the output side of the photoelectric coupler GO are in a low resistance state. The input of the drive power switch KG makes the drive power switch KG conductive by the action of the pull-up bias resistor R0 so that the drive voltage is output to Vcc2 (the drive power is turned on), and the LM317 constant current source is set. A constant current Vcc2 is output in an operating state capable of outputting current. When the power supply control (DYKZ) level of the 1 pin on the input side of the photoelectric coupler GO is “0” (low level), the 4th and 3rd pins on the output side of the photoelectric coupler GO are in a high resistance state. The pull-down resistor RKG of the drive power supply power switch KG may be connected to GND, and the a and b sides of the drive power supply power switch KG are in a high resistance state. The drive power supply power switch KG is cut off, no drive voltage is output to Vcc2 (the drive power supply is turned off), and the LM317 constant current source is set to the Vcc2 output state without constant current. Self-power generation power switches Q and KG include, but are not limited to, MOSFETs, IGBTs, and the like.

  The solar tracking processor has a light intensity distinction processing module and a logic control unit. Please refer to FIG. The logic control unit has a logic integrated control processing module ZK, a 1 ° feature trigger module 1 ° TZ, and a 1 ° pulse generator module. The angle light intensity sensor 6 (CG) is electrically connected to the light intensity distinction processing module A / D IC1. The light intensity distinction processing module A / D IC1 transmits the light intensity sensation feature amount formed after the distinction process to the integrated control processing module ZK via the I / O interface. The integrated control processing module determines the output for the control signal DYKZ of the power supply driver controller based on the light intensity sensoring feature and the operation flow of the system (logic control unit) and the logic of the 1 ° feature trigger module. The operating state is also specified. The 1 ° feature trigger module outputs a 1 ° pulse width electric pulse width signal (1 ° MK) for deflecting the reduction motor 5 by 1 ° and 2-bit logic determination signals A and B based on the operating state of the 1 ° feature trigger module. The 1 ° pulse generator module is driven as follows. The logical operation state of the 1 ° feature trigger module includes a “1” installation state and a “0” installation state. In the “1” installation state, the integrated control processing module ZK controls the 1 ° pulse generator so as to continuously output electric pulses having an electric pulse width that deflects the deceleration motor by 1 °. In the “0” installation state, The integrated control processing module controls the 1 ° pulse generator so that an electric pulse having an electric pulse width for deflecting the deceleration motor by 1 ° is output once every 4 minutes. The solar tracking processor consists of an analog-digital circuit and an MCU microchip. The angle light intensity sensor 6 is perpendicular to the surface of the solar panel. The angle light intensity sensor CG is a micro long solar cell. The micro-type long solar cell is attached to the vertical sides on both the east and west sides of the solar panel plane. The angle light intensity sensor 6 is logically electrically connected to the logic control unit via the light intensity distinction processing module A / D IC1. The 1 ° motor driver has a drive module IC2 and protective diodes D1, D2, D3, D4.

  Please refer to FIG. 10 and FIG. The leads A and B of the drive module IC2 are input sides of 2-bit logic determination bits. 1 ° MK is a pulse width input side of a pulse 1 ° generator that drives the reduction motor to deflect the rotation axis by 1 °. Vcc2 is a drive power input side. Vcc1 is a 1 ° motor driver logic circuit operating power supply. GND is a common ground line (reference to zero potential). OUT1 and OUT2 are output sides for rotating the motor. The Vcc2 of the 1 ° motor driver is connected to the motor drive power supply Vcc2 of the self power generator and the drive power controller output. The motor driver logic circuit operating power supply voltage Vcc1 is connected to the output Vcc1 of the self power generator. Motor driver operation input logic A, B and 1 ° pulse width (1MK) are connected to solar tracker output logic A, B and 1 ° pulse width (1MK), respectively. The output ground line (reference ground line) GND of the self power supply generator is connected to the GND of IC2 and also to the b side of D2 and D4. The a side of D1 and D3 are connected to each other and then connected to Vcc2 of the driving module and also connected to the output side of the self power generator Vcc2. The output side OUT1 of the motor driver module IC2 is connected to the a side of D2 and the b side of D1, and is used as a lead line for the driving output QD1, and the output side OUT2 of the motor driver module IC2 is the a side of D4 and the b side of D3. The 1 ° motor driver outputs QD1 and QD2 are connected to terminals MD1 and MD2 of the motor drive coil drawn out to the terminal box, respectively.

  Hereinafter, the operation flow of the solar tracking system of the present invention will be specifically described. Please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. After the sun sets west, the solar panel is in the position to set west of the west sun. At the same time that the driver power supply that receives power from the solar panel loses voltage, the light intensity of the angle light intensity sensor located on the west side of the solar panel array gradually becomes equal to or less than the angle light intensity sensor on the east side. . The integrated control processing module ZK of the logic control unit turns off the drive power supply controller and prohibits the subsequent drive operation in the west direction by the base type reduction gear. When the sun rises in the morning of the following day, the output voltage of the solar panel on the uniaxial plane increases as the sun rises due to direct irradiation with sunlight or the scattering effect of azimuth light intensity at the solar direction position when there are many clouds. A self-voltage is generated from the output side of the self-power generator to provide operating power to the logic control unit of the solar tracking processor, the 1 ° motor driver and the driving motor, that is, the motor is driven to rotate. Perform calibration operation to initialize the solar tracking on the axis plane to make the solar panel perpendicular to the sunlight incident direction. First, the integrated control processing module ZK generates the power control signal DYKZ to turn on the drive power controller, and simultaneously sets the 1 ° feature trigger to “1” to perform the initialization operation for positioning the sun tracking position of the rotating shaft. Do. That is, at this time, due to the sun rising from the east, the light intensity of the angle light intensity sensor located on the east side becomes larger than the light intensity of the west side angle light intensity sensor. The logic control unit controls the 1 ° pulse generator module to continuously generate a 1 ° pulse signal to the 1 ° motor driver, the 1 ° motor driver continuously drives the base type speed reducer, Until the light intensity of the west angle light intensity sensor becomes larger than that of the east angle light intensity sensor, the rotation axis is driven in a continuous deflection system from the west to the east at intervals of 1 ° to return to the east sunrise direction. When the light intensity of the west angle light intensity sensor is greater than the east angle light intensity sensor, the incident angle of vertical sunlight in the solar array plane is deflected approximately 1 ° to the east, and the logic control unit 1 ° feature trigger module By setting to the “0” state, the calibration of positioning of the rotation axis position in the initial sun tracking of the system is completed. After that, the integrated control processing module ZK of the logic control unit and the 1 ° feature trigger set to “0” generate one 1 ° pulse every 4 minutes to drive the drive motor and rotate the rotation axis to 1 °. The 1 ° pulse generator module is controlled to deflect and enter tracking. Taking into account the dynamic reliability and error criteria of 1 ° drive for 1 ° sun tracking operation every 4 minutes, automatically inquires whether it is less than 3 times (3 °) every time a 1 ° drive pulse is sent Search. If it is less, the output of 1 ° drive is output every 4 minutes, but when it is satisfied, the solar tracking position is corrected by calibrating the positioning of the solar tracking position in another initialization. Ensures vertical tracking effect with the upper solar panel. At the same time, the method can be applied to a situation in which the sun tracking of the device is stopped because the sun is shut off in a short time due to a thunderstorm or a dust storm, and it becomes dark. Once a certain amount of light intensity is radiated from the sun, the system automatically recovers the power and returns to the normal operating state after the calibration of the rotation axis position positioning in the sun tracking started from the initialization. . The tracking system repeats sending the drive pulse of 1 ° solar tracking operation in such a manner that the interval is 4 minutes in this way, and repeats the calibration operation for positioning the solar tracking position once for every three driving pulses. By driving, the driver moves the flat plate in the direction of the sunlight intensity (the direction from east to west that operates as the sun rises), and tracks the sun moving 1 ° every 4 minutes. When the output of the west angle light intensity sensor is less than or equal to the east angle light intensity sensor (at this time, when the sun is sinking west or dark), The integrated control processing module ZK turns off the drive power supply controller and prohibits the west drive operation of the base type speed reducer. At this time, the solar panel plane is pointed in the direction where the west sun sinks, the system enters a sleep state at night, the sun rises the next morning, and then the tracking position of the self-voltage and tracking device rotation axis on the self-power output side again. The initialization operation of positioning is performed, and then the return path from the west to the east of the morning drive motor is completed, and the operation state for tracking the sun is continued.

Claims (9)

In a new solar power self-type solar tracking system having a solar panel and a drive motor, the power output side of the solar panel being connected to an inverter power generation system, the solar panel further includes a base type speed reducer, The gantry is attached to a rotary shaft via a gantry connecting plate, the rotary shaft is connected to an output shaft of the basic speed reducer via an axial flange, and the basic speed reducer is a reduction gear base. The drive motor is connected to the base type speed reducer via a worm gear transformer and rotationally drives the base type speed reducer, and the vertical planes on both the east and west sides of the plane of the solar panel. An angle light intensity sensor is attached to each, and a self-power generator is further connected to the power output side of the solar panel. The power output side of the power generator is connected to a solar tracking processor and a 1 ° motor driver, and the self-power generator supplies operating power to the solar tracking processor, 1 ° motor driver and the driving motor, respectively. The drive motor is electrically connected to the 1 ° motor driver, the angular light intensity sensor and the 1 ° motor driver are logically electrically connected to the solar tracking processor, and the self-power generator is A pre-start PWM generator, a BUCK step-down converter, and an LM78 series step-down module, and the input side of the pre-start PWM generator is connected to the outputs PA + and PA- of the solar panel; The output side is connected to the input side of the BUCK step-down converter, and the output side Vcc2 ° of the BUCK step-down converter is respectively connected to the LM78 series step-down converter. Are connected to the power input side of the power supply controller and the power input side of the drive power controller. The power output side of the LM78 series step-down module provides the operating power supply Vcc1 to the logic processing circuit of the solar tracking processor and the 1 ° motor driver, respectively. The power output side Vcc2 of the drive power controller is connected to the drive power side (Vcc2) of the 1 ° motor driver, and the control input side of the drive power controller is the power control output side (DYKZ) of the solar tracking processor. A new solar power self-tracking system that is electrically connected to   2. The new photovoltaic self-powered solar tracking system according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft includes a master shaft and a slave shaft, the axial flange includes a master shaft flange and a slave shaft flange, and the master shaft. The shaft flange and the slave shaft flange are respectively attached to the master shaft output side and the slave shaft output side of the base type speed reducer, one end of the master shaft is sleeve-connected to the outer periphery of the master shaft flange, and the other end is a bearing base. The slave shaft is attached so as to protrude to the slave shaft output side of the base type reduction gear, and the slave shaft is a slave shaft flange on the slave shaft output side of the base type reduction device. The base type speed reducer and the speed reducer base are integrated, and the base type speed reducer base is a triangular holder of the holder. New Self solar tracking system solar power, characterized in that attached to.   3. The new solar power self-tracking system according to claim 2, wherein the master shaft and the slave shaft are both rectangular tube shafts, and the inner periphery of the master shaft and the slave shaft is the outer periphery of the master shaft flange, Matching to the outer circumference of the slave shaft flange, the sleeve between the master shaft and the master shaft flange, and between the slave shaft and the slave shaft flange are connected with a sleeve and then tightened with screws. A new solar power self-tracking system for solar power generation.   The new solar power self-tracking system according to claim 3, wherein the bearing base is provided with an axially extending outer shaft, a lug base is attached to the support column of the holder, and the lug base has 2 Two lugs are mounted symmetrically, the two lugs are connected by lug bolts, a radial through hole is provided on the outer drawer shaft, and the lug bolt is connected in the radial direction on the outer drawer shaft. A new solar power self-tracking system for solar power generation, characterized by passing through a through hole and tightening with a tightening nut. 5. The new solar power self-type solar tracking system according to claim 4 , wherein the solar tracking processor includes a light intensity distinction processing module and a logic control unit, and the logic control unit includes an I / O interface, A logic integrated control processing module, a 1 ° feature trigger module, and a 1 ° pulse generator module, wherein the angular light intensity sensor is electrically connected to the light intensity distinction processing module; The light intensity sensing feature value formed after processing is transmitted to the integrated control processing module via the I / O interface, and the integrated control processing module operates the light intensity sensing feature value and the system (logic control unit). Based on the flow, output decision for control signal DYKZ by power supply driver controller In addition, the logical operation state of the 1 ° feature trigger module is also specified, and the 1 ° pulse width for deflecting the base type reduction gear by 1 ° based on the logical operation state in which the 1 ° feature trigger module is located The 1 ° pulse generator module is driven to output an electrical pulse width signal (1 ° MK) and 2-bit logic determination signals A and B, and the logical operation state of the 1 ° characteristic logic module is “1”. In the “1” installation state, the integrated control processing module continuously outputs electric pulses having an electric pulse width for deflecting the reduction motor machine by 1 °. The 1 ° pulse generator is controlled, and in the “0” installation state, the integrated control processing module generates an electric pulse having an electric pulse width for deflecting the base type reduction gear by 1 ° every 4 minutes. Controls the 1 ° pulse generator so as to round the output, the solar tracking processor analog - digital circuits and new self solar tracking system solar power, characterized in that it consists MCU microchip. 6. The self-powered solar tracking system for solar power generation according to claim 5 , wherein the angular light intensity sensor is perpendicular to the surface of the solar panel, and the angular light intensity sensor is a micro long solar cell. The small and long solar cell is attached to a vertical surface on both the east and west sides of the plane of the solar panel, and the angle light intensity sensor is connected to the logic control unit via the light intensity distinction processing module. A new type of solar power self-tracking system that is logically connected to The new solar power self-tracking system according to claim 6 , wherein the 1 ° motor driver includes a drive module IC2 and protective diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4, and the Vcc2 input side of the drive module. Is connected to the motor drive power supply Vcc2 of the self power generator, and the logic circuit operating power supply voltage Vcc1 of the 1 ° motor driver is connected to the output Vcc1 of the self power generator, and the motor driver operation input logic A, B , And 1 ° MK are respectively connected to the output logic A, B, and 1 ° MK of the solar tracking processor, and the output ground line (reference ground line) GND of the self power generator is connected to the GND of the drive module. The protection diodes D2 and D4 are also connected to the b side, and the protection diodes D1 and D3 are connected to the a side of the drive module. cc2 and also connected to the output side of the self-power generator Vcc2, and the output side OUT1 of the drive module is connected to the a side of the protection diode D2 and the b side of D1, and is used as a lead line for the drive output QD1. The output side OUT2 of the drive module is connected to the a side of the protection diode D4 and the b side of D3 and then used as a lead line for the drive output QD2, and the motor drive outputs QD1 and QD2 are terminals of the motor drive coil drawn out to the terminal box. A new solar power self-tracking system that is connected to MD1 and MD2, respectively. 8. The self-powered solar tracking system for solar power generation according to claim 7 , wherein the pre-start PWM generator performs PWM adjustment on a voltage generated from a solar panel and operates as a power tube for performing DC / DC Buck step-down conversion. By adjusting the adjustable PWM, the Buck buck converter generates a Buck conversion voltage so that the logic control unit of the solar tracking processor and the drive motor can be provided with a power source necessary for the operation. The pre-start PWM generator configuration includes a voltage stabilization reference step-down resistor R, an adjustable resistor RW for convenient selection of the self-power supply start-up voltage, a voltage stabilization diode DW, a filtering capacitor C, and An adjustable PWM pulse generator consisting of a standard IC chip is included, and the Buck buck converter is The output voltage is lower than the input voltage, the output current is a continuous current, and the output current is a pulse-type single-tube non-isolated DC converter. The power switch Q, the continuous current power diode D, the intact L, and the energy storage filtering The a side of the voltage stabilization reference step-down resistor R having the capacitor Cf and connected in series to the adjustable resistor RW for convenient selection of the self-power supply starting voltage is connected to PA + and the above as the output side. The b side of the voltage stabilization reference step-down resistor R connected to the a side of the power switch Q of the Buck step-down converter and connected in series to the adjustable resistor RW for convenient selection of the self-power supply starting voltage is the voltage Connected to a of the stabilizing diode DW, a of the filtering capacitor C, and Vcc of the adjustable PWM (IC) standard chip, the output PA− is connected to the voltage stabilizing die Connected to the b side of the filter DW and to the b side of the filtering capacitor C and to the GND of the adjustable PWM (IC) standard chip, and also connected to the GND as the output side, generated from the pre-start PWM generator The pre-start pulse MF connected to the input side of the power switch Q of the buck step-down converter drives the buck step-down converter to generate the output Vcc2 ° and to the input side of the LM78 series step-down circuit that generates the output Vcc1 A new solar power generation self-tracking system for solar power generation, characterized in that the step-down circuit for supplying a pre-process voltage and generating Vcc1 comprises a step-down IC of the LM78 series. The self-powered solar tracking system for solar power generation according to claim 8 , wherein the drive power supply controller includes a drive power supply power switch KG, a constant current source LM317, a constant current limiting sampling resistor R1, a photoelectric coupler GO, and a photoelectric coupling. The input side current limiting resistor RD, the output pull-up resistor R0, and the output pull-down resistor RKG. The output side Vcc2 ° of the Buck step-down converter is connected to the a side of the drive power supply power switch KG and is connected to the photoelectric coupler GO. Connected to the a side of the output pull-up resistor R0, the output b side of the drive power supply switch KG is connected to the constant current source circuit input side i side, and is also connected to the a side of the filtering capacitor CL1, and a constant current circuit Simultaneously when the OU side of the constant current limiting sampling resistor R1 connected in series to the output side u side is the motor drive source output Connected to the sampling adjustment side j of the constant current circuit and to the a side of the energy storage filtering capacitor CL2, the constant current source circuit includes the constant current source LM317 and a constant current limiting sampling resistor R1, and the photoelectric coupling The b side of the GO output pull-up resistor R0 is connected to the 4 pin on the output side of the optocoupler GO, and the 3 pin on the other output side of the optocoupler GO is directly connected to the output D side of the drive power switch KG. Is connected to the a side of the pull-down bias resistor RKG, and the output of the drive power control signal DYKZ of the logic control unit is connected to one pin on the input side of the photoelectric coupler GO, and the photoelectric coupler GO input photoelectric diode current limiting resistor RD. Is connected to two pins on the negative electrode lead-out side of the photoelectric coupler GO input photoelectric diode, and is connected to the photoelectric coupler GO input current limiting resistor RD. b is connected to the b side of the pull-down bias resistor RKG of the drive power supply power switch KG and is connected to the b side of the filtering capacitor CL1 and the energy storage filtering capacitor CL2 and the reference CK side of the LM78 series circuit as a reference ground line GND of Vcc2. A new solar power self-tracking system that outputs power.

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