JP5687417B2 - Rotating electric machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine, and more particularly, to a rotating electrical machine with improved output.

  Patent Documents 1 to 3 below disclose field winding type synchronous machines related to rotating electrical machines. These field winding type synchronous machines have a structure in which the rotor coil is short-circuited via a diode. By adopting this structure, a pair of field poles in a predetermined direction is formed in the rotor core by causing the current to flow only in one direction even when an alternating current is used in the rotor coil.

  Patent Document 2 below discloses a structure in which a regulating member for regulating the movement of the rotor coil in the radial direction is provided so as to cover the rotor coil.

JP 2008-086161 A JP 2008-178211 A JP 2007-185082 A

  In the rotating electrical machine having the above configuration, an improvement in output is required. One method for improving the output is to efficiently generate the induced power of the rotor coil by utilizing the spatial harmonics from the stator. An object of the present invention is to provide a rotating electrical machine that can improve the output of the rotating electrical machine by improving the rotor teeth provided in the rotor of the rotating electrical machine.

  In the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, a rotor core having a plurality of rotor teeth formed on the peripheral surface, a rotor having a rotor coil wound around the rotor teeth, and an annular arrangement facing the rotor The rotor teeth are provided such that leakage magnetic flux from the stator is more easily transmitted in the radial direction than in the circumferential direction.

  According to the rotary electric machine based on this invention, the leakage magnetic flux from a stator becomes easy to pass along a radial direction from the front-end | tip part in a rotor tooth toward a root part. Thereby, the leakage magnetic flux from the stator can be sufficiently interlinked with the rotor coil. As a result, the output of the rotating electrical machine can be improved by increasing the induced current flowing through the rotor coil.

1 is an overall perspective view of a rotating electrical machine according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine equivalent to the II-II arrow directional cross section in FIG. FIG. 3 is a first diagram illustrating the principle of generation of an induced current of a rotating electrical machine in the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a second diagram showing the principle of generation of an induced current of the rotating electrical machine in the first embodiment. (A) And (B) is FIG. 3 which shows the generation | occurrence | production principle of the induced current of the rotary electric machine in Embodiment 1. FIG. (A) And (B) is the 4th figure which shows the generation | occurrence | production principle of the induced current of the rotary electric machine in Embodiment 1. FIG. It is FIG. 1 which shows the subject of the rotor of a rotary electric machine. It is FIG. 2 which shows the subject of the rotor of a rotary electric machine. It is a figure which shows the torque obtained by a rotary electric machine. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing the shape of the rotor teeth in the first embodiment. (A) is a schematic diagram which shows the linkage state of the leakage magnetic flux to the rotor coil when the rotor teeth of the normal form are adopted, and (B) is the leakage magnetic flux when the rotor teeth in the first embodiment are adopted. It is a schematic diagram which shows the linkage state to the rotor coil of. 6 is a partially enlarged view showing the shape of a rotor tooth in Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the linkage state to the rotor coil of the leakage magnetic flux at the time of employ | adopting the rotor teeth in Embodiment 2. FIG. FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged view showing the shape of a rotor tooth in a third embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the linkage state to the rotor coil of the leakage magnetic flux at the time of employ | adopting the rotor teeth in Embodiment 3. FIG. FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view showing the shape of a rotor tooth in a fourth embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the linkage state of the leakage magnetic flux to the rotor coil at the time of employ | adopting the rotor teeth in Embodiment 4. FIG. FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view showing the shape of a rotor tooth in a fifth embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the linkage state of the leakage magnetic flux to the rotor coil at the time of employ | adopting the rotor teeth in Embodiment 5. FIG. FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view showing the shape of a rotor tooth in a sixth embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the linkage state of the leakage magnetic flux to the rotor coil at the time of employ | adopting the rotor teeth in Embodiment 6. FIG. FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged view showing the shape of a rotor tooth in a seventh embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the linkage state of the leakage magnetic flux to the rotor coil at the time of employ | adopting the rotor teeth in Embodiment 7. FIG.

  A rotating electrical machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that in the embodiments described below, when referring to the number, amount, and the like, the scope of the present invention is not necessarily limited to the number, amount, and the like unless otherwise specified. The same parts and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may not be repeated.

(Embodiment 1)
With reference to FIGS. 1 to 11, the shapes of rotating electric machine 100 and rotor 110 in the present embodiment will be described.

(External configuration of rotor 110)
FIG. 1 shows an external configuration of the rotor 110. The rotor 110 has a rotation shaft 111 having a rotation center axis O. The rotating shaft 111 has a cylindrical rotor core 140. The rotor core 140 has a rotor tooth 141 and a rotor tooth 142 extending in the radial direction. The rotor teeth 141 and the rotor teeth 142 have the same shape. A rotor coil 113 is wound around the rotor teeth 141. A rotor coil 123 is wound around the rotor teeth 142.

(Transverse structure of rotating electrical machine)
With reference to FIG. 2, the cross-sectional structure of rotating electrical machine 100 in the present embodiment will be described. The rotating electrical machine 100 includes the rotor 110 described above and a stator 130 arranged in an annular shape so as to face the rotor 110. The rotor core 140 that is a constituent element of the rotor 110 has a rotor yoke 143. As described above, the rotor teeth 141 and the rotor teeth 142 extending in the radial direction are alternately arranged at a predetermined pitch on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor yoke 143.

  Each rotor coil 113 wound around each rotor tooth 141 is connected in series with a diode (rectifier) 114 interposed therebetween. Similarly, each rotor coil 123 wound around each rotor tooth 142 is also connected in series via a diode (rectifier) 124.

  The inner peripheral surface of the stator 130 faces the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 110. The inner peripheral surface of the stator 130 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 110 are slightly separated from each other. The stator 130 includes an annular stator core 131 and a stator coil 132.

  The stator core 131 has a stator yoke 131a formed in an annular shape and a plurality of stator teeth 131b provided on the inner peripheral surface side of the stator yoke 131a so as to extend inward in the radial direction. Stator coil 131 is wound around stator teeth 131b. Stator coil 131 is a three-phase coil including a U-phase coil, a V-phase coil, and a W-phase coil.

  In the rotating electrical machine 100, a total of 12 rotor teeth 141 and 142 of the rotor 110 are provided, and a total of 18 stator teeth 131b of the stator 130 are provided. These quantities are merely examples, and are appropriately changed according to specifications required for the rotating electrical machine.

(Principle of induced current generation)
The above-described rotating electrical machine 100 can be used as a motor that uses the spatial harmonics of the concentrated winding stator and causes an induction current to flow through the winding on the winding rotor. Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 3 to FIG. 6, the principle of generation of the induced current of the rotating electrical machine 100 in the present embodiment will be described.

  Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the flow of magnetic flux from stator 130 to rotor yoke 143 is alternately repeated in time.

  4A and 4B, since the rotor core 140 is magnetically connected via the rotor yoke 143, most of the interlinkage magnetic fluxes in the magnetic circuit are adjacent magnetic poles on the rotor yoke 143. Cancel (A phase, B phase). The interlinkage magnetic flux (second-order spatial harmonics) of the A phase and the B phase tends to flow into the rotor yoke 143 so as to cancel each other out in the A phase and the B phase. Therefore, at first, only the leakage magnetic flux generated when canceling each other is generated.

  Referring to FIGS. 5A and 5B, as shown in the present embodiment, in the case of a rotor winding provided with a diode, either of the A phase or B phase winding due to leakage magnetic flux, An induced current is generated alternately.

  6A and 6B, when the states shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B are continuously repeated, induced currents are alternately generated in the A phase and the B phase. As a result, the induced current component increases, and a fixed magnetic flux due to the magnetic flux of the induced current is generated as indicated by an arrow M in the figure.

  As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, in the rotating electrical machine 100 having the above-described configuration, the flange 145 that covers the rotor coils 113 and 123 at the distal ends of the rotor teeth 141 and 142 (see the region surrounded by X1 in FIG. 7) In the case where the flange 146 (see the region surrounded by X2 in FIG. 8) is provided, the torque of the rotating electrical machine 100 is reduced as compared with the case where no flange is provided.

  FIG. 9 shows the respective torques when no heel is provided, when the heel 145 having the size shown in FIG. 7 is provided, and when the heel 146 shown in FIG. 8 is provided. It can be seen that the torque decreases when the heel is provided compared to the case where the heel is not provided.

  By providing a flange at the tip of the rotor teeth, the magnetic resistance at the tip of the rotor teeth is reduced (the magnetic permeability is increased), so that the leakage magnetic flux returning to the stator at the tip of the rotor teeth is increased. Thereby, the leakage magnetic flux which links a rotor coil reduces, and sufficient induction current does not arise. As a result, it is considered that the torque of the rotating electrical machine decreases.

(Shape of rotor teeth 141)
Therefore, with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, the shape of the rotor teeth 141 of the rotor 110 employed in the rotating electrical machine 100 in the present embodiment will be described. Although the same shape is adopted for the rotor teeth 142, only the rotor teeth 141 will be described here. The same applies to the following embodiments.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the rotor teeth 141 according to the present embodiment has a width (a) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the tip 141a as compared with a width (b) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the root 141b. Is also provided to be smaller. Specifically, a taper 141t is provided in a region where the tip portion 141a and the side wall portion 141c intersect. The side wall 141c is provided in a straight line, and the two side walls 141c are equally spaced from each other.

  FIG. 11A illustrates the rotor teeth 141 when the taper 141t is not provided, and FIG. 11B illustrates the rotor teeth 141 when the taper 141t is provided. As shown in FIG. 11B, by providing the taper 141t, the rotor tooth 141 has a width (a) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the tip portion 141a along the circumferential direction X of the root portion 141b. It becomes smaller than the width (b) dimension. Thereby, since the magnetic resistance of the root portion 141b is smaller than the magnetic resistance of the tip portion 141a, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 is more easily transmitted in the radial direction (Y) than in the circumferential direction (X).

  That is, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can easily pass from the front end portion of the rotor tooth 141 toward the root portion. As a result, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can be sufficiently linked to the rotor coil 113. Thereby, the induced current flowing through the rotor coil 113 can be increased, and the output of the rotating electrical machine 100 can be improved. Similarly, in the rotor coil 123, the induced current can be increased.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13, the shape of the rotor teeth 141 </ b> A of the rotor 110 employed in the rotating electrical machine 100 in the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 12, in the rotor teeth 141A in the present embodiment, the width (a) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the tip portion 141a is larger than the width (b) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the root portion 141b. Is also provided to be smaller. Specifically, side wall portions 141c extending from both ends of the tip portion 141a toward the rotor yoke 143 are provided so as to be inclined linearly so as to expand outward.

  As shown in FIG. 13, by providing the side wall portion 141c that is linearly inclined, the rotor tooth 141 has a width (a) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the tip portion 141a, and the circumferential direction X of the root portion 141b. It becomes smaller than the width (b) dimension along. Thereby, since the magnetic resistance of the root portion 141b is smaller than the magnetic resistance of the tip portion 141a, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 is more easily transmitted in the radial direction (Y) than in the circumferential direction (X).

  That is, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can easily pass from the front end portion of the rotor tooth 141A toward the root portion. As a result, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can be sufficiently linked to the rotor coil 113. Thereby, the induced current flowing through the rotor coil 113 can be increased, and the output of the rotating electrical machine 100 can be improved. Similarly, in the rotor coil 123, the induced current can be increased.

(Embodiment 3)
Next, with reference to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, the shape of the rotor teeth 141B of the rotor 110 employed in the rotating electrical machine 100 in the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 14, the rotor teeth 141B according to the present embodiment has a width (a) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the tip portion 141a that is larger than a width (b) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the root portion 141b. Is also provided to be smaller. Specifically, the root 141b is provided with a taper 141d that extends outward from the side wall 141c to the root 141b. The side wall 141c is provided in a straight line, and the two side walls 141c are equally spaced from each other.

  As shown in FIG. 15, by providing the taper 141d, the rotor teeth 141 has a width (a) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the tip portion 141a, and a width (b) along the circumferential direction X of the root portion 141b. ) Smaller than dimensions. Thereby, since the magnetic resistance of the root portion 141b is smaller than the magnetic resistance of the tip portion 141a, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 is more easily transmitted in the radial direction (Y) than in the circumferential direction (X).

  That is, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can easily pass from the front end portion of the rotor tooth 141B toward the root portion. As a result, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can be sufficiently linked to the rotor coil 113. Thereby, the induced current flowing through the rotor coil 113 can be increased, and the output of the rotating electrical machine 100 can be improved. Similarly, in the rotor coil 123, the induced current can be increased.

(Embodiment 4)
Next, with reference to FIG. 16 and FIG. 17, the shape of the rotor teeth 141C of the rotor 110 employed in the rotating electrical machine 100 in the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 16, in the rotor teeth 141C in the present embodiment, the width (a) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the tip portion 141a is larger than the width (b) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the root portion 141b. Is also provided to be smaller. Specifically, side wall portions 141c extending from both ends of the tip portion 141a toward the rotor yoke 143 are provided so as to be inclined in a curved shape so as to expand outward.

  As shown in FIG. 17, by providing the side wall portion 141c inclined in a curved shape, the rotor tooth 141 has a width (a) dimension along the circumferential direction X of the tip portion 141a, and the circumferential direction X of the root portion 141b. It becomes smaller than the width (b) dimension along. Thereby, since the magnetic resistance of the root portion 141b is smaller than the magnetic resistance of the tip portion 141a, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 is more easily transmitted in the radial direction (Y) than in the circumferential direction (X).

  That is, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can easily pass from the front end portion of the rotor teeth 141C toward the root portion. As a result, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can be sufficiently linked to the rotor coil 113. Thereby, the induced current flowing through the rotor coil 113 can be increased, and the output of the rotating electrical machine 100 can be improved. Similarly, in the rotor coil 123, the induced current can be increased.

(Embodiment 5)
Next, with reference to FIGS. 18 and 19, the shape of the rotor teeth 141D of the rotor 110 employed in the rotating electrical machine 100 in the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 18, in the region on the distal end side of the rotor tooth 141 </ b> D in the present embodiment, a slit-shaped region 141 s provided along the radial direction Y and having a higher magnetic resistance than the rotor tooth 141 is arranged in the circumferential direction X Multiple sequences are arranged. The slit-shaped region 141s is provided in the direction in which the rotation center axis O of the rotor 110 extends (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface), and is a space where air exists. When the magnetic resistance of the members constituting the rotor teeth 141 is compared with the magnetic resistance of air, the magnetic resistance of air is higher.

  As shown in FIG. 19, the provision of the slit-shaped region 141s makes the magnetic resistance of the root portion 141b smaller than the magnetic resistance of the tip portion 141a. Further, in the portion of the rotor tooth 141D sandwiched between the slit-shaped regions 141s, a magnetoresistance difference is generated between the slit-shaped regions 141s and a region having a low magnetic resistance is formed along the radial direction Y. Thereby, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 is more easily transmitted in the radial direction (Y) than in the circumferential direction (X).

  That is, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can easily pass from the front end portion of the rotor tooth 141D toward the root portion. As a result, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can be sufficiently linked to the rotor coil 113. Thereby, the induced current flowing through the rotor coil 113 can be increased, and the output of the rotating electrical machine 100 can be improved. Similarly, in the rotor coil 123, the induced current can be increased.

  In addition, although the case where multiple slit-shaped area | regions 141s were arranged was demonstrated, the quantity should just be 1 or 2 or more.

(Embodiment 6)
Next, with reference to FIG. 20 and FIG. 21, the shape of the rotor teeth 141E of the rotor 110 employed in the rotating electrical machine 100 in the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 20, in the region on the distal end side of the rotor teeth 141E in the present embodiment, a slit-shaped region 141S provided along the radial direction Y and having a higher magnetic resistance than the rotor teeth 141 is provided in the circumferential direction X. Multiple sequences are arranged. The slit-shaped region 141S is provided in the direction in which the rotation center axis O of the rotor 110 extends (in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface), and a member 141e having a magnetic resistance higher than the magnetic resistance of the members constituting the rotor teeth 141 is embedded. .

  As shown in FIG. 20, by providing the slit-shaped region 141S in which the member 141e is embedded, the magnetic resistance of the root portion 141b becomes smaller than the magnetic resistance of the tip portion 141a. Further, in the portion of the rotor teeth 141E sandwiched between the slit-shaped regions 141S, a magnetoresistive difference is generated with the slit-shaped region 141S, and a region having a low magnetic resistance is formed along the radial direction Y. Thereby, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 is more easily transmitted in the radial direction (Y) than in the circumferential direction (X).

  That is, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can easily pass from the front end portion of the rotor teeth 141E toward the root portion. As a result, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can be sufficiently linked to the rotor coil 113. Thereby, the induced current flowing through the rotor coil 113 can be increased, and the output of the rotating electrical machine 100 can be improved. Similarly, in the rotor coil 123, the induced current can be increased.

  In addition, although the case where a plurality of slit-shaped regions 141s in which the member 141e is embedded is provided has been described, the number may be 1 or 2 or more.

(Embodiment 7)
Next, with reference to FIG. 22 and FIG. 23, the rotor teeth 141F of the rotor 110 employed in the rotating electrical machine 100 in the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 22, a directional electrical steel sheet having an easy magnetization axis (direction indicated by a white arrow in the figure) in the radial direction Y of the rotor 110 is used for the rotor teeth 141F in the present embodiment. Therefore, all the rotor teeth 141F have an easy axis of magnetization along the radial direction Y of the rotor 110.

  As shown in FIG. 23, by using a directional electrical steel sheet having an easy axis in the radial direction Y, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 is transmitted in the radial direction (Y) rather than in the circumferential direction (X). It becomes easy.

  That is, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can easily pass from the front end portion of the rotor tooth 141F toward the root portion. As a result, the leakage magnetic flux M from the stator 130 can be sufficiently linked to the rotor coil 113. Thereby, the induced current flowing through the rotor coil 113 can be increased, and the output of the rotating electrical machine 100 can be improved. Similarly, in the rotor coil 123, the induced current can be increased.

  When a common steel plate is used, a rotor tooth 141F having an easy magnetization axis in the radial direction and a rotor tooth 141F having an easy magnetization axis in the circumferential direction (position rotated 90 degrees) are mixed. Therefore, in order to avoid this, it is preferable to use divided teeth or a directional electrical steel sheet having a radial easy axis.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the embodiments disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Rotating electrical machine, 110 Rotor, 111 Rotating shaft, 113 Rotor coil, 114, 124 Diode (rectifier), 123 Rotor coil, 130 Stator, 131 Stator core, 131a Stator yoke, 131b Stator teeth, 132 Stator coil, 140 Rotor core, 141 141A, 141B, 141C, 141D, 141E, 141F rotor teeth, 141a tip, 141b root, 141c side wall, 141d taper, 141e member, 141t taper, 141s slit-like region, 142 rotor teeth, 143 rotor yoke, M leakage magnetic flux , O Rotation center axis.

Claims (1)

A rotor core having a plurality of rotor teeth formed on the peripheral surface, and a rotor having a rotor coil wound around the rotor teeth;
A stator arranged in an annular shape so as to face the rotor;
With
The rotor teeth are provided such that leakage magnetic flux from the stator is more easily transmitted in the radial direction than in the circumferential direction.
The rotor teeth are provided with a magnetic resistance at the root portion smaller than the magnetic resistance at the tip portion,
In the region on the tip side of the rotor teeth , two or more slit-shaped regions that are provided along the radial direction and have a higher magnetic resistance than the rotor teeth are arranged in the circumferential direction,
A rotary electric machine in which a member having a magnetic resistance higher than a magnetic resistance of a member constituting the rotor teeth is embedded in the slit-like region.

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