JP5680308B2 - Clamping device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a clamping device.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, workpieces such as a cylinder head and a cylinder block constituting a vehicle engine are fixed to a jig pallet by a clamp device and processed. As a clamp device for fixing such a workpiece, Patent Document 1 discloses a clamp device main body, a shaft portion that is movable up and down on the clamp device main body and protrudes upward, and an upper end portion of the shaft portion. A tapered portion that is provided and increases in diameter upward, a grip portion that is externally fitted to the tapered portion and is elastically deformable on the enlarged diameter side, a hydraulic cylinder that drives the shaft portion downward, and a shaft portion that is attached upward. There has been proposed a clamping device comprising a biasing spring member.

  According to this clamping device, when a workpiece is fixed to a jig pallet, first, a hydraulic source pump or other power source is driven in a state in which a taper portion of a rod portion is inserted into a clamping hole provided in the workpiece, and a hydraulic pressure is generated. Supply oil to the cylinder. Then, the rod portion moves downward against the biasing force of the spring member due to the pressure (hydraulic pressure) of the oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder, and the grip portion is elastically deformed to the enlarged diameter side. Thereby, the elastically deformed grip portion is engaged with the clamp hole, and the workpiece is fixed to the jig pallet by the engagement force of the grip portion with the clamp hole (clamped state).

  On the other hand, when releasing the work from the jig pallet, the hydraulic supply pump is stopped. Then, the oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder flows out of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic pressure is lowered, and the rod portion moved downward by the biasing force of the spring member returns upward. As a result, the grip part elastically deformed to the enlarged diameter side returns to its original shape, the engagement between the grip part and the clamp hole is released, and the work is fixed to the jig pallet (unclamped state). ).

JP 2003-266262 A

  Thus, in the above clamping apparatus, the power source is driven when the work is fixed to the jig pallet, and the power source is stopped when the work is fixed to the jig pallet. For this reason, the clamping device proposed in Patent Document 1 always requires power supply by a power source in a state where the workpiece is fixed to the jig pallet, and cannot be applied to a jig pallet that cannot always supply power.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a clamping device that can be applied to a jig pallet that cannot always supply power and can fix a workpiece.

The present invention is a clamp device for fixing a work having a clamp hole on a predetermined surface,
A clamp device body having a contact surface abutting against the predetermined surface provided on a distal end side; and a shaft portion having a distal end portion located on the contact surface side and a proximal end portion located inside the clamp device body. And a rod portion that protrudes from the abutment surface at the tip portion of the shaft portion and has a tapered portion that gradually increases in diameter toward the tip side, and a rod portion that can advance and retreat along the axial direction, A grip part that is arranged so as to cover at least a part of the peripheral surface of the taper part and is deformable in the radial direction of the taper part, a cylinder part provided on the proximal end side of the clamp device body, and a slide on the cylinder part It has a piston part that is freely arranged and connected to the base end part of the rod part, and the rod part moves forward from the clamp position where the rod part is retracted by flowing fluid into the cylinder part. Driven to the unclamped position A rod driving section for, relates to a clamp device and a spring member for biasing said clamping position side disposed the rod portion between the rod drive unit inside the abutment surface of the clamping device main body.

  The grip portion is provided in the vicinity of the abutting surface, and includes a spring receiving member between the grip portion and the spring member, and the spring receiving member has the abutting portion of the spring member on one surface. It is preferable to receive the end portion on the surface side and the grip portion on the other surface.

  The present invention is also a gripping device for processing a part for gripping a workpiece, and includes a clamp device body, a rod portion having a shaft portion and a taper portion, and a grip portion that is deformable in the radial direction of the taper portion. And a cylinder part provided on the base end side of the clamp device body, and a piston part slidably disposed on the cylinder part and connected to the base end part of the rod part, and fluid is supplied to the cylinder part. A rod driving unit that drives the rod unit from a clamping position in which the rod unit is retracted to an unclamping position in which the rod unit is advanced; and a rod driving unit that is disposed inside the clamp device body and clamps the rod unit. The present invention relates to a gripping device for component processing comprising a spring member biased toward a position side.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the clamp apparatus which can be applied also to the jig | tool pallet which cannot always supply motive power and can fix a workpiece | work can be provided.

It is a front view which shows one Embodiment of the clamp apparatus of this invention, and is a figure which shows a clamp state. It is a figure which shows the unclamp state of the clamp apparatus shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state by which the cylinder head as a workpiece | work was fixed to the pallet with the clamp apparatus of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the clamping device 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the clamping device 1 of the present invention, and is a view showing a clamped state. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an unclamped state of the clamping device 1 shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the cylinder head as the workpiece W is fixed to the pallet P by the clamping device 1.

  The clamping device 1 according to the present embodiment is provided to protrude from a jig pallet P on which a workpiece W such as a cylinder head (see FIG. 3) or a cylinder block constituting a vehicle engine is moved, and the workpiece W is placed on the jig pallet. It is a device for fixing (clamping) at a predetermined position of P and releasing (unclamping) the fixing. On the workpiece W, a seating surface Wa is formed as a predetermined surface of the workpiece W seated on the clamp device 1. A downward clamp hole Wb is formed in the seating surface Wa.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the clamp device 1 includes a clamp device body 10, a pull rod 20 as a rod portion, a grip 30 as a grip portion, a rod drive source 40 as a rod drive portion, and a coil as a spring member. A spring 404, a spring receiving member 104 that receives the coil spring 404, and a work detection air passage 50 and a dust removal air passage 60 that are provided in the clamp device body 10 are configured.

The clamp device main body 10 is a member that houses and protects components to be described later and supports the workpiece W on the jig pallet P by seating the workpiece W.
The clamp device body 10 is fixed to the jig pallet P by an attachment member such as a bolt (not shown). The clamp device main body 10 has a through hole 101 facing in the up-down direction, and is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole. The head portion 102 located on the distal end side of the clamp device main body 10 is formed in a truncated cone shape. The head 102 is formed with a workpiece seating surface 102a as a contact surface that comes into contact with a seated surface Wa as a predetermined surface of the workpiece W.

  A base end portion 101 a of the through hole 101 of the clamp device body 10 is closed by a lid member 103. A cylinder 401 that constitutes a rod drive source 40 to be described later is formed on the base end side (lower end side in FIG. 1) of the clamp device body 10 and above the lid member 103 of the through hole 101.

The pull rod 20 is an axial member that expands a grip 30 described later in the radial direction.
The pull rod 20 includes a shaft portion 201 having a distal end portion (upper end portion in FIG. 1) located on the workpiece seating surface 102 a side of the clamp device body 10 and a proximal end portion located in a through hole 101 as an inside of the clamp device body 10. The tapered portion 202 is provided at the distal end portion of the shaft portion 201 so as to protrude from the workpiece seating surface 102a and has a diameter gradually increasing toward the distal end side.
The shaft portion 201 includes a large diameter portion 201a located on the proximal end side and a small diameter portion 201b located on the distal end side. A grip 30, which will be described later, is located around the small diameter portion 201b and the tapered portion 202. The tapered portion 202 is provided on the distal end side of the small diameter portion 201b.

  The pull rod 20 described above has a base end portion (a lower end portion in FIG. 1) connected to a piston 402 described later. The pull rod 20 is configured to be capable of moving back and forth (up and down) along the axial direction in the through hole 101 of the clamp device body 10 as the piston 402 moves up and down.

The grip 30 is disposed in the upper part of the through hole 101 of the clamp device body 10. The upper end portion of the grip 30 protrudes from the upper end portion of the through hole 101 of the clamp device body 10.
The grip 30 expands in the radial direction by the lowering of the pull rod 20 in the clamp hole Wb of the workpiece W, and fixes the workpiece W to the jig pallet P.
The grip 30 is disposed so as to cover at least a part of the peripheral surface of the tapered portion 202 of the pull rod 20, and is formed to be elastically deformable in the radial direction of the tapered portion 202. In the present embodiment, the grip 30 is attached to the engagement member 301 divided into four in the circumferential direction and the proximal end portion 301a of the engagement member 301, and is elastic in a direction in which the four engagement members 301 approach each other. And a focusing spring 302 having a C-shape in plan view (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The four engaging members 301 are formed with tapered surfaces 301b whose diameters are gradually increased from the proximal end side toward the distal end side on the inner surface in a circular arrangement state.
For this reason, the four engagement members 301 have the taper portion 202 slide on the taper surface 301b as the pull rod 20 descends, spread radially against the focusing spring 302, and fix the workpiece W to the jig pallet P. It is supposed to be.

  The rod drive source 40 drives the pull rod 20 from the clamped position (see FIG. 1) retracted (lowered) to the unclamped position (see FIG. 2) advanced (raised). The clamp position of the pull rod 20 is a position where the pull rod 20 descends, the grip 30 is expanded, and the workpiece W is fixed (clamped) to the jig pallet P by the grip 30. Further, the unclamping position of the pull rod 20 is a position where the pull rod 20 is raised, the grip 30 is squeezed, and the fixing by the grip 30 is released (unclamped).

The rod drive source 40 includes a cylinder 401 as a cylinder portion provided on the proximal end side of the clamp device main body 10 and a piston 402 as a piston portion slidably (movable up and down) disposed on the cylinder 401. .
The cylinder 401 is configured by a part of the through hole 101 of the clamp device body 10. A pressure oil passage 403 that is formed at the base end portion 10 a of the clamp device body 10 and is connected to the pressure oil passage PO of the jig pallet P is connected to the lower portion of the cylinder 401. Pressure oil O is supplied from the jig pallet P to the cylinder 401 through the pressure oil passage 403.
The piston 402 is connected to the proximal end portion of the pull rod 20.

  The coil spring 404 is disposed between the rod drive source 40 and the workpiece seating surface 102a in the through hole 101 as the inside of the clamp device body 10, and biases the pull rod 20 toward the clamp position. Specifically, the coil spring 404 is provided between the piston 402 and the spring receiving member 104.

  The spring receiving member 104 is provided in a portion above the cylinder 401 of the through hole 101. The spring receiving member 104 is formed in a shape with the cup facing downward, and receives the upper end of the coil spring 404 on the lower surface 104a and receives the grip 30 on the upper surface 104b. The spring receiving member 104 is formed with a pull rod through hole 105 through which the pull rod 20 passes.

The workpiece detection air passage 50 is connected to the compressed air supply port PA of the jig pallet P, passes through the cylindrical thick portion of the clamp device body 10, and reaches the head 102 of the clamp device body 10. . The workpiece detection air passage 50 is formed to detect whether or not the workpiece W has been placed on the head 102 of the clamp device body 10.
When the workpiece W is placed on the head 102 of the clamp device main body 10, the compressed air in the workpiece detection air passage 50 is closed at the outlet (not shown) of the workpiece detection air passage 50 and the outlet is released. Higher pressure than when you are. This pressure change is detected by a pressure gauge (not shown), and it is detected that the workpiece W is placed on the head 102 of the clamp device body 10.

  The dust removal air passage 60 is connected to the compressed air supply part PB of the jig pallet P, and reaches the grip 30 through the lid member 103, the piston 402 and the pull rod 20. The dust removal air passage 60 removes foreign matters and dust adhering to the head 102 of the clamp device body 10, the grip 30, the clamp hole Wb of the workpiece W, and the like so that the workpiece W is correctly placed on the clamp device 1. Thus, the clamping device 1 is formed to ensure the operation.

  In the clamping device 1 described above, a pressure oil leakage preventing O-ring 70, a compressed air leakage preventing O-ring 71, and a compressed air leakage preventing O-ring for maintaining airtightness are provided at the contact portions between the components constituting the clamping device 1. 72 and a piston O-ring 73 are mounted.

  The pressure oil leakage prevention O-ring 70 is provided in the clamp device body 10 in the vicinity of the joint between the pressure oil passage 403 of the clamp device body 10 and the pressure oil passage PO of the jig pallet P. The pressure oil leakage prevention O-ring 70 prevents the pressure oil O from leaking from the joint between the pressure oil passage 403 of the clamp device body 10 and the pressure oil passage PO of the jig pallet P.

  The compressed air leakage prevention O-ring 71 is provided in the clamp device body 10 in the vicinity of the joint between the workpiece detection air passage 50 and the compressed air supply port PA of the jig pallet P. The compressed air leakage prevention O-ring 71 prevents the compressed air from leaking from the joint between the workpiece detection air passage 50 and the compressed air supply port PA of the jig pallet P.

  The compressed air leakage prevention O-ring 72 is provided in the clamp device body 10 in the vicinity of the joint between the dust removal air passage 60 and the compressed air supply part PB of the jig pallet P. The compressed air leakage prevention O-ring 72 prevents the compressed air from leaking from the joint between the dust removal air passage 60 and the compressed air supply part PB of the jig pallet P.

  The piston O-ring 73 is provided on the piston 402. The piston O-ring 73 prevents the pressure oil O from leaking from between the cylinder 401 and the piston 402 to the coil spring 404 side.

Next, the operation of the clamping device 1 will be described.
When the workpiece W is fixed to the jig pallet P, the clamp device 1 expands in the radial direction in the clamp hole Wb by the elasticity of the coil spring 404 and presses the clamp hole Wb (see FIG. 1). Further, when the clamp device 1 is released from the fixing state, the grip 30 is squeezed by the pressure oil O as a fluid supplied from the outside, and is separated from the clamp hole Wb (see FIG. 2).
More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, when the clamp device 1 is not in use, the piston 402 is pushed down by the coil spring 404 and the pull rod 20 is positioned at the clamp position. For this reason, the pull rod 20 has the four engaging members 301 of the grip 30 spread against the focusing spring 302 by the taper portion 202, and the grip 30 is opened.

In this state, when the work W is placed on the jig pallet P, the work W is placed on the top of the clamping device 1. However, when the workpiece W is placed on the top, the grip 30 cannot be inserted into the grip 30 hole of the workpiece W unless the grip 30 is depressed.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the pressure oil O is supplied to the cylinder 401. Then, the piston 402 is raised against the coil spring 404, and the pull rod 20 provided in the piston 402 is also raised. Then, the tapered portion 202 of the pull rod 20 moves away from the grip 30 upward. As a result, the four engaging members 301 of the grip 30 approach each other by the focusing spring 302, and the grip 30 is in a squeezed state. As a result, the grip 30 has a shape that can enter the clamp hole Wb.
Thereafter, a lifting device (not shown) lowers the workpiece W and causes the workpiece W to approach the top of the clamping device 1. Further, as the work W is lowered, an air compressor (not shown) is started. Then, the compressed air is supplied to the workpiece detection air passage 50 and the dust removal air passage 60 from the compressed air supply port PA and the compressed air supply portion PB.

  The compressed air that flows out from the outlet of the dust removal air passage 60 removes foreign matter and dust adhering to the head 102 of the clamp device body 10, the grip 30, the clamp hole Wb of the workpiece W, etc. The workpiece W is placed correctly, and the clamp device 1 can be reliably operated.

  When the outlet of the work detection air passage 50 is blocked by the work W, the compressed pressure of the compressed air in the work detection air passage 50 increases. This pressure change is detected by a pressure gauge (not shown), and it is detected that the workpiece W is placed on the head 102 of the clamp device body 10. If it is not detected that the workpiece W has been placed on the head 102 within a predetermined time, a notifying device (not shown) notifies that the placement state of the workpiece W is abnormal.

  When the workpiece W is placed on the top of the clamping device 1, the supply of the pressure oil O is stopped. Then, the piston 402 stops rising and descends due to the elasticity of the coil spring 404 and the weight of the piston 402 and the pull rod 20. As the piston 402 descends, the pressure oil O in the cylinder 401 is pushed back to the jig pallet P side. Further, the pull rod 20 is also lowered integrally with the piston 402.

As shown in FIG. 1, the grip 30 is lowered as the pull rod 20 is lowered, and when the grip 30 is received by the upper surface 104 b of the spring receiving member 104, the lowering is stopped. However, the pull rod 20 continues to descend, and the tapered portion 202 enters the inside of the four engaging members 301 to push the four engaging members 301 in the radial direction and press them against the inner wall of the clamp hole Wb. Since the pull rod 20 cannot be lowered any more when the engaging member 301 is pressed against the clamp hole Wb, the pull rod 20 stops descending. The distance that the pull rod 20 descends after the grip 30 stops descending is the distance indicated by the symbol S in FIG.
In this way, the grip 30 spreads in the radial direction when the pull rod 20 is lowered by the elasticity of the coil spring 404, presses the inner wall of the clamp hole Wb, and fixes the workpiece W to the jig pallet P. That is, the clamping device 1 fixes the workpiece W to the jig pallet P by the elasticity of the coil spring 404.

  In order to remove the workpiece W from the clamping device 1, pressure oil O is supplied to the clamping device 1. Then, the piston 402 and the pull rod 20 rise against the coil spring 404. Then, the four engaging members 301 of the grip 30 are squeezed by the elastic force of the focusing spring 302 and are separated from the inner wall of the clamp hole Wb of the workpiece W. Therefore, the user can remove the workpiece W from the clamping device 1.

According to the clamp apparatus 1 of this embodiment demonstrated above, there exist the following effects.
The clamp device 1 includes a rod drive source 40 that drives the pull rod 20 from the clamp position to the unclamp position by flowing the pressure oil O into the cylinder 401, and a spring member that biases the pull rod 20 toward the clamp position. Consists of. Thereby, fixation (clamping) of the jig pallet P of the workpiece W can be performed by the elasticity of the coil spring 404 in the clamping device 1, and release (unclamp) of the fixation of the workpiece W to the jig pallet is This can be done by pressure oil O supplied from the outside. Therefore, since it is not necessary to supply power from the power source in the clamped state, it can be used for the jig pallet P that cannot always supply power.

Moreover, when the workpiece | work W is being fixed to the jig | tool palette P, the clamp apparatus 1 of this embodiment has the following effect, if supply of the pressure oil O is unnecessary.
(1) The structure of the jig pallet P can be simplified.
(2) It can also be used for transformer-type equipment using a plurality of jig pallets P.
(3) The work W can be prevented from dropping from the jig pallet P during the movement of the jig pallet P, and safety can be ensured. Moreover, damage to the workpiece W can also be prevented.

  In addition, the coil spring 404 is disposed between the piston 402 and the spring receiving member 104, and the pull rod 20 is biased toward the clamp position. Thereby, in addition to the elasticity of the coil spring 404, the own weight of the piston 402 and the pull rod 20 is also used to put the grip 30 in a clamped state. Therefore, the workpiece W can be reliably fixed to the jig pallet P.

  Further, the spring receiving member 104 is provided between the grip 30 and the coil spring 404. Thereby, when the pull rod 20 is retracted to the clamp position, the grip 30 is received by the spring receiving member 104. Therefore, the grip 30 can be prevented from moving backward as the pull rod 20 moves backward, so that the grip 30 can be operated reliably and the workpiece W can be reliably fixed to the jig pallet P.

As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not restrict | limited to embodiment mentioned above, It can implement with a various form.
For example, in the present embodiment, the clamping device 1 is operated by the pressure oil O, but compressed air may be used instead of the pressure oil O.

  Further, the position and number of the clamping device 1 provided on the jig pallet P are determined by the shape, weight, processing method, and the like of the workpiece W. However, in the present invention, the position and number provided on the jig pallet P are limited. Not.

  The clamping device 1 is provided on the jig pallet P to fix the workpiece W to the jig pallet P. However, the clamping device 1 is provided on a moving body such as a carriage or a vehicle that moves the workpiece W. Can be fixed. That is, the clamping device 1 is not provided only on the jig pallet P.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although this invention was applied to the clamp apparatus which clamps the workpiece | work W, it is not restricted to this. That is, the present invention may be applied to a gripping device for processing a part for gripping a workpiece such as a component of a vehicle body that is subjected to various processes.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Clamp apparatus 10 Clamp apparatus main body 101 Through-hole (inside of clamp apparatus main body)
102 head (tip side)
102a Workpiece seating surface (sitting surface)
104 Spring receiving member 104a One surface (lower surface) of the spring receiving member
104b The other surface (upper surface) of the spring receiving member
20 Pull rod (rod part)
201 Shaft part 202 Taper part 30 Grip (grip part)
40 Rod drive source (rod drive unit)
401 Cylinder (Cylinder part)
402 piston (piston part)
403 Pressure oil passage 404 Coil spring (spring member)
P Jig pallet W Work Wa Seated surface (predetermined surface)
Wb Clamp hole O Pressure oil (fluid)

Claims (3)

A clamping device for fixing a workpiece,
A clamp device main body on which a seating surface on which the workpiece is seated is provided on the tip side;
A rod portion having a shaft portion and a taper portion;
The engaging member is divided into a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction so as to cover at least a part of the peripheral surface of the tapered portion, and the engaging member arranged in the plurality of portions is elastic in a direction to approach each other. A converging spring to be applied, and a grip part that is deformable in a radial direction of the taper part;
A cylinder portion provided on the proximal end side of the clamp device main body, and a piston portion slidably disposed on the cylinder portion and connected to the proximal end portion of the rod portion, and allows fluid to flow into the cylinder portion A rod drive unit that drives the rod unit from a clamp position in which the rod unit is retracted to an unclamping position in which the rod unit is advanced;
A spring member disposed inside the clamp device body and biasing the rod portion toward the clamp position;
A dust removing air passage formed so as to penetrate the rod portion and the piston portion along the axial direction of the shaft portion to reach the grip portion, and to supply air to the grip portion;
A clamp device comprising: a work detection air passage formed so as to reach the seating surface after passing through a cylindrical thick portion of the clamp device body. The grip portion is provided in the vicinity of a contact surface between the clamp device body and the workpiece,
A spring receiving member is provided between the grip portion and the spring member,
The clamp device according to claim 1, wherein the spring receiving member receives an end of the spring member on the abutting surface side on one surface and receives the grip portion on the other surface. A gripping device for processing a part that grips a workpiece,
A clamp device main body on which a seating surface on which the workpiece is seated is provided on the tip side;
A rod portion having a shaft portion and a taper portion;
The engaging member is divided into a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction so as to cover at least a part of the peripheral surface of the tapered portion, and the engaging member arranged in the plurality of portions is elastic in a direction to approach each other. A converging spring to be applied, and a grip part that is deformable in a radial direction of the taper part;
A cylinder portion provided on the proximal end side of the clamp device main body, and a piston portion slidably disposed on the cylinder portion and connected to the proximal end portion of the rod portion, and allows fluid to flow into the cylinder portion A rod drive unit that drives the rod unit from a clamp position in which the rod unit is retracted to an unclamping position in which the rod unit is advanced;
A spring member disposed inside the clamp device body and biasing the rod portion toward the clamp position;
A dust removing air passage formed so as to penetrate the rod portion and the piston portion along the axial direction of the shaft portion and reach the grip portion;
A workpiece processing gripping device comprising: a work detection air passage formed so as to reach the seating surface after passing through a cylindrical thick portion of the clamp device body.

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