JP5671370B2 - Rubber composition and tire using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rubber composition and a tire. More specifically, the present invention relates to a tire with improved low heat buildup, which contains a modified conjugated diene polymer having a specific modified functional group at the polymerization terminal and a silane coupling agent having a specific structure at a predetermined ratio. The present invention relates to a rubber composition that imparts the above-mentioned properties, and a tire having the properties described above using the rubber composition as a member, particularly a pneumatic tire.

  Conventionally, in order to obtain a rubber composition having low exothermicity, many technological developments have been made on modified rubbers for rubber compositions using silica or carbon black as a filler. Among them, a method in which the polymerization active site of a conjugated diene polymer obtained by anionic polymerization using organolithium is modified with an alkoxysilane derivative containing a functional group that interacts with a filler has been proposed as effective. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1 or 2).

In addition, as a method of obtaining a rubber composition that gives tires both good fuel economy and good wet performance, inorganic fillers such as silica can be used instead of carbon black which has been generally used as a reinforcing filler. A method using a filler has already been carried out.
However, silica tends to aggregate particles due to hydrogen bonding of silanol groups which are surface functional groups, and silica particles are not sufficiently dispersed in rubber. Various alkoxysilanes have been used as silica surface treatment agents or coupling agents by utilizing the condensation reaction with alkoxysilanes. For example, recently, protected mercaptosilanes such as acylthioalkyltrialkoxysilanes have been developed as silane coupling agents (see, for example, Patent Document 3). This protected mercaptosilane has the effect of improving the dispersibility of silica in the rubber composition, improving workability, and improving rolling resistance performance.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 6-57767 International Publication No. 2003/029299 Pamphlet Special table 2001-505225 gazette

  An object of the present invention is to provide a rubber composition that gives a tire having further improved low heat generation under such circumstances, and a tire, particularly a pneumatic tire, using the rubber composition as a member. To do.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that a rubber component containing a modified conjugated diene polymer having a specific modified functional group at the polymerization terminal at a predetermined ratio, an inorganic filler, The present inventors have found that the problem can be solved by a rubber composition containing a silane coupling agent having a specific structure in a predetermined ratio. The present invention has been completed based on such findings.

That is, the present invention
[1] (A) (a-1) Modification in which a modification group having at least one functional group capable of concentrating filler surface and acidic functional group is bonded to the polymerization active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer. The rubber component consisting of 10 to 100% by mass of the conjugated diene polymer and (a-2) 90 to 0% by mass of natural rubber and / or diene synthetic rubber, and 100 parts by mass of (B) inorganic A silane coupling agent containing 5 to 200 parts by mass of a filler and having (C) an atom or a functional group capable of binding to the inorganic filler, and a thioester group and / or a dithioester group (B) the inorganic A rubber composition comprising 1 to 25% by mass of the filler,
[2] (a-1) The rubber composition according to the above [1], wherein the amount of bound rubber of the modified conjugated diene polymer at 25 ° C. is 40% by mass or more.
<Measurement method of bound rubber amount>
Using a closed kneader having a volume of 2 liters in the kneading chamber, 100 parts by mass of the modified conjugated diene polymer and 60 parts by mass of wet silica (BET method specific surface area: 205 ± 10 m ² / g) are obtained by {(kneaded The volume of the rubber composition / volume in the kneading chamber) × 100} is 60%, and when the maximum kneading temperature reaches 160 ° C., the rubber kneaded material is discharged from the closed kneader and bound rubber A rubber composition M for quantitative measurement is obtained. The rubber composition M0.2g was cut into 1 mm square and weighed, then added to 25 mL of toluene, allowed to stand at 25 ° C. for 48 hours, and then filtered through a glass fiber filter to separate the toluene insoluble matter. Thereafter, the separated toluene-insoluble matter was vacuum-dried at 25 ° C. and then weighed, and the bound rubber amount (%) was determined by the following formula.
Bound rubber amount (%) = {(mass of toluene insoluble matter−mass of wet silica in rubber composition M) / (mass of rubber composition M−mass of wet silica in rubber composition M)} × 100
However, the BET specific surface area of silica is measured according to ISO 5794/1.
[3] The rubber composition according to [1] or [2] above, wherein a pKa defined below of a compound obtained by protonating an acidic functional group is less than 13.
<PKa value>
The pKa value is a logarithmic value of the reciprocal of the acid dissociation constant Ka, and is the pKa value for a compound in which a proton is bonded to an acidic functional group.
[4] The rubber composition according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the functional group capable of concentrating the filler surface is an alkoxysilyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
[5] The above [1] to [1], wherein the acidic functional group is at least one group selected from a carboxy group, a thiocarboxy group, a dithiocarboxy group, a dicarboxylic acid residue, a di (thiocarboxylic acid) residue, and a mercapto group. [4] The rubber composition according to any one of
[6] The rubber composition according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein (C) the silane coupling agent is a compound represented by the following general formula (1) and / or (2):

［式中、Ｒ¹は−Ｃｌ、−Ｂｒ、Ｒ⁶Ｏ−、Ｒ⁶Ｃ(＝Ｏ)Ｏ−、Ｒ⁶Ｒ⁷Ｃ＝ＮＯ−、Ｒ⁶Ｒ⁷Ｎ−又は−（ＯＳｉＲ⁶Ｒ⁷）_m（ＯＳｉＲ⁵Ｒ⁶Ｒ⁷）（ただし、Ｒ⁶及びＲ⁷は、それぞれ独立に水素原子又は炭素数１〜１８の一価の炭化水素基である。）、Ｒ²はＲ¹、水素原子又は炭素数１〜１８の一価の炭化水素基、Ｒ³はＲ¹、Ｒ²又は−［Ｏ（Ｒ⁸Ｏ）_a］_0.5−基（ただし、Ｒ⁸は炭素数１〜１８のアルキレン基、ａは１〜４の整数である。）、Ｒ⁴は炭素数１〜１８の二価の炭化水素基、Ｒ⁵は炭素数１〜１８の一価の炭化水素基を示し、ｘ、ｙ及びｚは、ｘ＋ｙ＋２ｚ＝３、０≦ｘ≦３、０≦ｙ≦２、０≦ｚ≦１の関係を満たす数である。］

[Wherein R ¹ represents —Cl, —Br, R ⁶ O—, R ⁶ C (═O) O—, R ⁶ R ⁷ C═NO—, R ⁶ R ⁷ N— or — (OSiR ⁶ R ^{7 _{) m (OSiR 5 R 6 R}} 7) ( provided that, R ⁶ and R ⁷ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a C1-18 monovalent hydrocarbon group.), R ² is R ^1, hydrogen An atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R ³ is R ¹ , R ² or — [O (R ⁸ O) _a ] _0.5 — group (where R ⁸ is alkylene having 1 to 18 carbon atoms) Group, a is an integer of 1 to 4), R ⁴ represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R ⁵ represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, x, y and z are numbers satisfying the relationship of x + y + 2z = 3, 0 ≦ x ≦ 3, 0 ≦ y ≦ 2, and 0 ≦ z ≦ 1. ]

［式中Ｒ⁹は炭素数１〜２０の直鎖もしくは、分岐、環状のアルキル基であり、Ｇはそれぞれ独立して炭素数１〜９のアルカンジイル基又はアルケンジイル基であり、Ｚ^aはそれぞれ独立して二つの珪素原子と結合することのできる基で、[−Ｏ−]_0.5、[−Ｏ−Ｇ−]_0.5又は[−Ｏ−Ｇ−Ｏ−] _0.5から選ばれる基であり、Ｚ^bはそれぞれ独立して二つの珪素原子と結合することのできる基で、 [−Ｏ−Ｇ−Ｏ−] _0.5で表される官能基であり、Ｚ^cはそれぞれ独立して−Ｃｌ、−Ｂｒ、−ＯＲ¹⁰、Ｒ¹⁰Ｃ(＝Ｏ)Ｏ−、Ｒ¹⁰Ｒ¹¹Ｃ＝ＮＯ−、Ｒ¹⁰Ｒ¹¹Ｎ−，Ｒ¹⁰−，ＨＯ−Ｇ−Ｏ−で表される官能基であり、Ｒ，Ｇは上記表記と一致する。
ｍ、ｎ、ｕ、ｖ、ｗはそれぞれ独立して１≦ｍ≦２０、０≦ｎ≦２０、０≦ｕ≦３、０≦ｖ≦２、０≦ｗ≦１であり、かつ（ｕ／２）＋ｖ＋２ｗ＝２又は３である。
Ａ部が複数である場合、複数のＡ部におけるＺ^a _u、Ｚ^b _v及びＺ^c _wそれぞれにおいて、同一でも異なっていても良く、Ｂが複数である場合、複数のＢ部におけるＺ^a _u、Ｚ^b _v及びＺ^c _wそれぞれにおいて、同一でも異なっても良い。］

[Wherein R ⁹ is or linear C1-20, branched or cyclic alkyl group, G is independently an alkanediyl group or an alkenediyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, Z ^a are each independently a group capable of binding with two silicon _{atoms, [- O-] 0.5, [} - O-G-] is a group selected from _0.5, or _{[-O-G-O-] 0.5} , Z ^b is a group that can independently bond to two silicon atoms, and is a functional group represented by [—O—G—O—] _0.5 , and Z ^c is independently —Cl, —Br , —OR ¹⁰ , R ¹⁰ C (═O) O—, R ¹⁰ R ¹¹ C═NO—, R ¹⁰ R ¹¹ N—, R ¹⁰ —, HO—G—O—, R and G agree with the above notation.
m, n, u, v, and w are independently 1 ≦ m ≦ 20, 0 ≦ n ≦ 20, 0 ≦ u ≦ 3, 0 ≦ v ≦ 2, 0 ≦ w ≦ 1, and (u / 2) + v + 2w = 2 or 3.
When there are a plurality of A parts, each of Z ^a _u , Z ^b _v and Z ^c _w in the plurality of A parts may be the same or different. When there are a plurality of B parts, Z ^a _u in the plurality of B parts , Z ^b _v and Z ^c _w may be the same or different. ]

[7] The silane coupling agent represented by the general formula (2) is at least one selected from compounds represented by the following formulas (2-a), (2-b) and (2-c). A rubber composition according to [6] above,

［式中、Ｌはそれぞれ独立して、炭素数１〜９のアルカンジイル基又はアルケンジイル基を示し、ｘは１〜２０の数、ｙは０〜２０に数を示す。］

[Wherein, L independently represents an alkanediyl group or alkenediyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, x represents a number from 1 to 20, and y represents a number from 0 to 20. ]

[8] (B) The rubber composition according to any one of the above [1] to [7], wherein the inorganic filler is silica.
[9] (a-1) The rubber composition according to any one of the above [1] to [8], wherein the modified conjugated diene polymer is a modified aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer,
[10] A conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal is obtained by anionic polymerization of one or more conjugated diene compounds or one or more conjugated diene compounds and an aromatic vinyl compound using an organic alkali metal compound as a polymerization initiator. The rubber composition according to any one of the above [1] to [9],

[11] (a-1) The modified conjugated diene polymer is obtained by adding a condensation accelerator to a reaction system after binding a modifying group to a polymerization active terminal by a modification reaction. [1] to [10] the rubber composition according to any one of
[12] The rubber composition according to any one of [1] to [11], wherein the condensation accelerator is dry-blended.
[13] A tire using the rubber composition according to any one of [1] to [12] as a member, and [14] a tire according to [13], wherein the member is a tread. ,
Is to provide.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the rubber composition which gives the tire which further improved the low heat_generation | fever property, and the tire which uses this rubber composition for a member, especially a pneumatic tire can be provided.

First, the rubber composition of the present invention will be described.
The rubber composition of the present invention has (A) (a-1) a modified group having at least one functional group capable of concentrating the filler surface and one or more acidic functional groups at the polymerization active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer. 10 to 100% by mass of the modified conjugated diene polymer formed by bonding, and (a-2) a rubber component comprising 90 to 0% by mass of natural rubber and / or diene synthetic rubber, and 100 parts by mass of the rubber component (B) a silane coupling agent comprising 5 to 200 parts by mass of an inorganic filler, and (C) an atom or a functional group capable of binding to the inorganic filler, and a thioester group and / or a dithioester group. (B) It contains in the ratio of 1-25 mass% with respect to this inorganic filler. Here, the thioester group and the dithioester group are both thiocarboxylic acid ester groups, the thioester group means an ester group of thioacid (S-acid), and the dithioester group means an ester group of dithioacid. Say.

[(A) Rubber component]
((A-1) Modified Conjugated Diene Polymer)
The (a-1) modified conjugated diene polymer constituting one of the rubber components (A) in the rubber composition of the present invention is a functional group having a filler surface concentration ability at the polymerization active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer. It is a polymer formed by bonding a modifying group having at least one group and an acidic functional group.

<Conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal>
The conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal used in the production of the modified conjugated diene polymer is a conjugated diene compound, or an aromatic vinyl compound and a conjugated diene compound, and an anion using an organic alkali metal compound as a polymerization initiator. It is preferable that the polymerized by polymerization or the polymerized by coordination polymerization using a polymerization initiator containing a lanthanum series rare earth metal compound.
The polymerization method is not particularly limited, and any of solution polymerization method, gas phase polymerization method, and bulk polymerization method can be used, but the solution polymerization method is particularly preferable. Moreover, any of a batch type and a continuous type may be sufficient as the superposition | polymerization form.

Examples of the conjugated diene compound include 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, 2-phenyl-1,3-butadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, and the like. Is mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and among these, 1,3-butadiene is particularly preferred.
Examples of the aromatic vinyl compound include styrene, α-methylstyrene, 1-vinylnaphthalene, 3-vinyltoluene, ethylvinylbenzene, divinylbenzene, 4-cyclohexylstyrene, 2,4,6-trimethylstyrene, and the like. Is mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but among these, styrene is particularly preferred.

In the present invention, the conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal includes polybutadiene, polyisoprene, butadiene-isoprene copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer or styrene-isoprene-butadiene ternary. A copolymer is preferable, and among these, a polybutadiene and a styrene-butadiene copolymer (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as “SBR”) are particularly preferable.
These conjugated diene polymers having a polymerization active terminal are allowed to react with the modifier I at the polymerization active terminal to form a predetermined modifying group at the terminal. % Of the polymer chains are preferably those having a living property or pseudo-living property.

<Anionic polymerization>
As the organic alkali metal compound used as an initiator for the above-mentioned anionic polymerization, an organic lithium compound is preferable. The organolithium compound is not particularly limited, but hydrocarbyl lithium and lithium amide compounds are preferably used. When the former hydrocarbyl lithium is used, it has a hydrocarbyl group at the polymerization initiation terminal and the other terminal has polymerization activity. A terminal conjugated diene polymer is obtained. When the latter lithium amide compound is used, a conjugated diene polymer having a nitrogen-containing group derived from a lithium amide compound at the polymerization initiation terminal and the other terminal being a polymerization active terminal is obtained.

  As the hydrocarbyl lithium, those having a hydrocarbyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms are preferable, for example, ethyl lithium, n-propyl lithium, isopropyl lithium, n-butyl lithium, sec-butyl lithium, tert-octyl lithium, n-decyl. Examples include lithium, phenyllithium, 2-naphthyllithium, 2-butylphenyllithium, 4-phenylbutyllithium, cyclohexyllithium, cyclobenthyllithium, a reaction product of diisopropenylbenzene and butyllithium, and the like. Of these, n-butyllithium is particularly preferred.

  On the other hand, examples of the lithium amide compound include lithium hexamethylene imide, lithium pyrrolidide, lithium piperide, lithium heptamethylene imide, lithium dodecamethylene imide, lithium dimethyl amide, lithium diethyl amide, lithium dibutyl amide, lithium dipropyl amide, and lithium disulfide. Heptylamide, lithium dihexylamide, lithium dioctylamide, lithium di-2-ethylhexylamide, lithium didecylamide, lithium-N-methylpiverazide, lithium ethylpropylamide, lithium ethylbutyramide, lithium ethylbenzylamide, lithium methylphenethylamide, etc. Is mentioned. Among these, from the viewpoint of the interaction effect on carbon black and the ability of initiating polymerization, cyclic lithium amides such as lithium hexamethylene imide, lithium pyrrolidide, lithium piperidide, lithium heptamethylene imide, and lithium dodecamethylene imide are preferable. In particular, lithium hexamethylene imide and lithium pyrrolidide are suitable.

  In general, these lithium amide compounds prepared from a secondary amine and a lithium compound can be used for polymerization, but they can also be prepared in-situ. The amount of the polymerization initiator used is preferably selected in the range of 0.2 to 20 mmol per 100 g of monomer.

A method for producing a conjugated diene polymer by anionic polymerization using the organolithium compound as a polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be used.
Specifically, in an organic solvent inert to the reaction, for example, a hydrocarbon solvent such as an aliphatic, alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon compound, the conjugated diene compound or the conjugated diene compound and the aromatic vinyl compound are A conjugated diene polymer having a target polymerization active terminal can be obtained by anionic polymerization in the presence of a randomizer to be used, if desired, using a lithium compound as a polymerization initiator.
In addition, when an organolithium compound is used as a polymerization initiator, not only a conjugated diene polymer having an active terminal but also an active terminal compared to the coordination polymerization using the catalyst containing the lanthanum series rare earth metal compound described above. The conjugated diene-aromatic vinyl copolymer which has can also be obtained efficiently.

The hydrocarbon solvent is preferably one having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, such as propane, n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, propene, 1-butene, isobutene, trans-2. -Butene, cis-2-butene, 1-pentene, 2-pentene, 1-hexene, 2-hexene, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The monomer concentration in the solvent is preferably 5 to 50% by mass, more preferably 10 to 30% by mass. When copolymerization is performed using a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound, the content of the aromatic vinyl compound in the charged monomer mixture is preferably in the range of 55% by mass or less.

  The randomizer used as desired is a control of the microstructure of the conjugated diene polymer, such as an increase in 1,2 bonds in the butadiene portion in the styrene-butadiene copolymer, an increase in 3,4 bonds in the isoprene polymer, or the like. It is a compound having an action of controlling the composition distribution of monomer units in the conjugated diene / aromatic vinyl copolymer, for example, randomizing butadiene units and styrene units in the styrene-butadiene copolymer. The randomizer is not particularly limited, and any one of known compounds generally used as a conventional randomizer can be appropriately selected and used. Specifically, dimethoxybenzene, tetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyethane, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 2,2-bis (2-tetrahydrofuryl) -propane, triethylamine, pyridine, N-methylmorpholine, N, N, N ′, Examples thereof include ethers such as N′-tetramethylethylenediamine and 1,2-dipiperidinoethane, and tertiary amines. Further, potassium salts such as potassium t-amylate and potassium t-butoxide, and sodium salts such as sodium t-amylate can also be used.

  One of these randomizers may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination. The amount used is preferably selected in the range of 0.01 to 1000 molar equivalents per mole of the lithium compound.

The temperature in this polymerization reaction is preferably selected in the range of 0 to 150 ° C, more preferably 20 to 130 ° C. The polymerization reaction can be carried out under generated pressure, but it is usually desirable to operate at a pressure sufficient to keep the monomer in a substantially liquid phase. That is, the pressure depends on the particular material being polymerized, the polymerization medium used and the polymerization temperature, but higher pressures can be used if desired, such pressure being a gas that is inert with respect to the polymerization reaction. Can be obtained by an appropriate method such as pressurizing.
As the conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal obtained by anionic polymerization using the organic alkali metal compound as a polymerization initiator, a copolymer of at least one conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound is preferable. A butadiene copolymer is more preferred.

《Coordination polymerization》
On the other hand, when producing a conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal by coordination polymerization using a polymerization initiator containing a lanthanum series rare earth metal compound, the following (a) component, (b) component, (c) More preferably, the components are used in combination.
The component (a) used for the coordination polymerization is selected from a rare earth metal compound, a complex compound of a rare earth metal compound and a Lewis base, and the like. Here, examples of rare earth metal compounds include rare earth element carboxylates, alkoxides, β-diketone complexes, phosphates and phosphites, and Lewis bases include acetylacetone, tetrahydrofuran, pyridine, N, N. -Dimethylformamide, thiophene, diphenyl ether, triethylamine, an organic phosphorus compound, monovalent or divalent alcohol, etc. are mentioned. As the rare earth element of the rare earth metal compound, lanthanum, neodymium, praseodymium, samarium and gadolinium are preferable, and among these, neodymium is particularly preferable. Specific examples of the component (a) include neodymium tri-2-ethylhexanoate, a complex compound thereof with acetylacetone, neodymium trineodecanoate, a complex compound thereof with acetylacetone, neodymium tri-n-butoxide, and the like. It is done. These components (a) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The component (b) used for the coordination polymerization is selected from organoaluminum compounds. As the organoaluminum compound, specifically, a trihydrocarbyl aluminum compound represented by the formula: R ¹² ₃ Al, a hydrocarbyl aluminum hydride represented by the formula: R ¹² ₂ AlH or R ¹² AlH ₂ (wherein R ¹² are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms), hydrocarbylaluminoxane compounds having a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and the like. Specific examples of the organoaluminum compound include trialkylaluminum, dialkylaluminum hydride, alkylaluminum dihydride, and alkylaluminoxane. These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, as (b) component, it is preferable to use aluminoxane and another organoaluminum compound in combination.

  The component (c) used in the coordination polymerization is a compound having a hydrolyzable halogen or a complex compound thereof with a Lewis base; an organic halide having a tertiary alkyl halide, benzyl halide or allyl halide; a non-coordinating anion And an ionic compound comprising a counter cation. Specific examples of the component (c) include alkylaluminum dichloride, dialkylaluminum chloride, silicon tetrachloride, tin tetrachloride, zinc chloride and Lewis base complexes such as alcohol, magnesium chloride and alcohol such as Lewis. Examples include complexes with bases, benzyl chloride, t-butyl chloride, benzyl bromide, t-butyl bromide, triphenylcarbonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate and the like. These components (c) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The polymerization initiator is preliminarily used by using the same conjugated diene compound and / or non-conjugated diene compound as the polymerization monomer, if necessary, in addition to the components (a), (b) and (c). It may be prepared. Further, part or all of the component (a) or the component (c) may be supported on an inert solid. Although the usage-amount of each said component can be set suitably, (a) component is 0.001-0.5 millimoles (mmol) normally per 100g of monomers. In addition, (b) component / (b) component is preferably 5 to 1,000, and (c) component / (b) component is preferably 0.5 to 10 in molar ratio.

The polymerization temperature in the coordination polymerization is preferably in the range of −80 to 150 ° C., and more preferably in the range of −20 to 120 ° C. Moreover, as a solvent used for coordination polymerization, a hydrocarbon solvent inert to the reaction exemplified in the above-mentioned anionic polymerization can be used, and the concentration of the monomer in the reaction solution is the same as in the case of anionic polymerization. . Furthermore, the reaction pressure in coordination polymerization is the same as that in the case of anionic polymerization, and it is desirable that the raw material used for the reaction substantially removes reaction inhibitors such as water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and protic compounds.
As the conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal obtained by coordination polymerization using a polymerization initiator containing this lanthanum series rare earth element compound, a homopolymer or copolymer of one or more conjugated diene compounds is preferable. Polybutadiene is more preferable.
The conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal is preferably an anionic polymer using an organic alkali metal compound, particularly an alkyl lithium.

<Modifier I>
The modified conjugated diene polymer as the component (a-1) in the present invention is obtained by reacting the modifier I with the polymerization active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal obtained as described above. Can be obtained.
As the modifier I, the functional group after hydrolysis treatment is an acidic functional group, and at least one functional group selected from acidic functional groups in which protons are protected by a group that can be deprotected by hydrolysis. A compound having a group and a functional group capable of concentrating the filler surface is used.

  In the modifier I, at least one functional group selected from the group in which the functional group after the hydrolysis treatment is an acidic functional group and the acidic functional group in which the proton is protected by a group that can be deprotected by hydrolysis Before hydrolysis treatment, ester group, thioester group (including both S-acid ester group and O-acid ester group), dithioester group, carboxylic acid anhydride residue, thiocarboxylic acid anhydride residue, It is preferably at least one group selected from a carboxylic acid thioanhydride residue, a dithiocarboxylic acid anhydride residue, a dicarboxylic acid anhydride residue, a di (thiocarboxylic acid) anhydride residue, and a thioether group.

  In the modifier I, the functional group having a filler surface concentration ability is preferably a hydrocarbyloxysilyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. As a C1-C20 hydrocarbyloxy group which comprises a C1-C20 hydrocarbyloxysilyl group, a C1-C20 alkoxy group or alkenyloxy group, a C6-C20 aryloxy group, carbon number Among them, an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of having a good filler surface concentration ability. The alkyl group constituting the alkoxy group may be linear, branched or cyclic. Examples of such alkoxy groups include ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, isopropoxy group, n-butoxy group, isobutoxy group, sec-butoxy group, tert-butoxy group, various pentoxy groups, various hexoxy groups, and various heptoxy groups. , Various octoxy groups, various decyloxy groups, cyclopetyloxy groups, cyclohexyloxy groups, and the like. Among these, from the viewpoint of reactivity, an alkoxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable, and an ethoxy group is particularly preferable.

  As the modifier I, for example, a compound represented by the following general formula (3) or general formula (4) can be used.

前記一般式（３）中、Ｒ¹³及びＲ¹⁴は、それぞれ独立に炭素数１〜２０のヒドロカルビル基であり、Ａは炭素数１〜２０のヒドロカルビロキシ基又は炭素数１〜２０のヒドロカルビル基である。Ｒ¹⁵は炭素数１〜２０の二価の炭化水素基であり、Ｘは、加水分解処理後の官能基が酸性官能基であるもの、及び加水分解により脱保護可能な基でプロトンが保護されてなる酸性官能基の中から選ばれる少なくとも一種の官能基である。

In the general formula (3), R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ are each independently a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and A is a hydrocarbyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. It is. R ¹⁵ is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X is a proton whose functional group after hydrolysis is an acidic functional group and whose group is deprotectable by hydrolysis. At least one functional group selected from among the acidic functional groups.

前記一般式（４）中、Ｒ¹³、Ｒ¹⁵及びＸは、前記一般式（３）と同じである。

In the general formula (4), R ¹³ , R ¹⁵ and X are the same as those in the general formula (3).

In R < ¹³ >, R < ¹⁴ > and A in the general formula (3) and the general formula (4), the hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or 6 to 20 carbon atoms. An aryl group, an aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, and the like can be mentioned. Among these, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of providing a good filler surface concentration ability. This alkyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic. Examples of such alkoxy groups include ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, various pentyl groups, various hexyl groups, various heptyl groups, Various octyl groups can be exemplified, and among these, from the viewpoint of modification reactivity, an alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable, and an ethyl group is particularly preferable.

Moreover, as a C1-C20 hydrocarbyloxy group in A, it is C1-C20 which comprises a C1-C20 hydrocarbyloxysilyl group suitable as a functional group with the above-mentioned filler surface concentration ability. Those mentioned as hydrocarbyloxy groups are preferred.
Then, Examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms R ^15, in view of the modified reactive, preferably alkanediyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, more alkanediyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms An alkanediyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms is more preferable. The alkanediyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms may be linear or branched. For example, ethylene group, 1,3-propanediyl group, 1,2-propanediyl group, various butanediyl groups, various types Examples thereof include a pentanediyl group and various hexanediyl groups, and among these, linear ones such as ethylene group, 1,3-propanediyl group, 1,4-butanediyl group, 1,5-pentanediyl group 1,6-hexanediyl group and the like, and 1,3-propanediyl group is particularly preferable.

In the general formulas (3) and (4), the functional group after hydrolysis treatment in X is an acidic functional group, but the functional group before hydrolysis treatment includes an ester group, a thioester group (S- Including both acid ester groups and O-acid ester groups), dithioester groups, carboxylic acid anhydride residues, thiocarboxylic acid anhydride residues, carboxylic acid thioanhydride residues, dithiocarboxylic acid anhydride residues, A dicarboxylic anhydride residue, a di (thiocarboxylic acid) anhydride residue, a thioether group, etc. can be mentioned.
Here, after the hydrolysis treatment, the carboxylic acid anhydride residue, thiocarboxylic acid anhydride residue, carboxylic acid thioanhydride residue and dithiocarboxylic acid anhydride residue are respectively carboxylic acid residue and thiocarboxylic acid ( O-acid) residue, thiocarboxylic acid (S-acid) residue and dithiocarboxylic acid residue, and the dicarboxylic anhydride residue and di (thiocarboxylic acid) anhydride residue are each subjected to hydrolysis treatment, respectively. It becomes a dicarboxylic acid residue or a di (thiocarboxylic acid) residue. The ester group becomes a carboxy group after the hydrolysis treatment, and the thioester group becomes a thiocarboxy group (including both S-acid group and O-acid group) after the hydrolysis treatment, and is a dithioester. The group becomes a dithiocarboxy group after the hydrolysis treatment, and the thioether group becomes a mercapto group after the hydrolysis treatment.

  Specific examples of the modifier I represented by the general formula (3) include 3- [2- (diethoxymethylsilyl) ethyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione, 3- [2- (diethoxy Ethylsilyl) ethyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione, 3- [2- (dipropoxymethylsilyl) ethyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione, 3- [2- (dipropoxyethylsilyl) ethyl ] -Dihydrofuran-2,5-dione, 3- [3- (diethoxymethylsilyl) propyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione, 3- [3- (diethoxyethylsilyl) propyl] -dihydrofuran -2,5-dione, 3- [3- (dipropoxymethylsilyl) propyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione, 3- [3- (dipropoxyethylsilyl) propyl] -dihydride Furan-2,5-dione, trimethylsilyl 4- (methyldiethoxysilyl) butanoate, trimethylsilyl 4- (ethyldiethoxysilyl) butanoate, trimethylsilyl 4- (methyldipropoxysilyl) butanoate, trimethylsilyl 4- (ethyldipropoxysilyl) Butanoate, 3- (tripropoxysilyl) propyl (trimethylsilyl) sulfide, 3- (tripropoxysilyl) propyl (trimethylsilyl) sulfide, 3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl (trimethylsilyl) sulfide, 3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl ( Trimethylsilyl) sulfide, 2- (tripropoxysilyl) ethyl (trimethylsilyl) sulfide, 2- (tripropoxysilyl) ethyl (trimethylsilyl) sulfi , 2- (triethoxysilyl) ethyl (trimethylsilyl) sulfide, 2- (triethoxysilyl) ethyl (trimethylsilyl) sulfide and the like.

Specific examples of the modifier I represented by the general formula (4) include a dimer of 3- [2- (diethoxymethylsilyl) ethyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione, 3- Dimer of [2- (diethoxyethylsilyl) ethyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione, dimer of 3- [2- (dipropoxymethylsilyl) ethyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione 3- [2- (dipropoxyethylsilyl) ethyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione dimer, 3- [3- (diethoxymethylsilyl) propyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5- Dimer of dione, 3- [3- (diethoxyethylsilyl) propyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione dimer, 3- [3- (dipropoxymethylsilyl) propyl] -dihydrofuran- 2,5-dione Body, 3- [3- (dipropoxy ethyl silyl) propyl] -, and the like dimer of dihydrofuran-2,5-dione.
Specific examples of the modifier I represented by the general formula (3) and the general formula (4) include a conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal obtained by anionic polymerization using an organometallic compound as a polymerization initiator. Although it is suitable as a modifier, it can also be used as a modifier of a conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal obtained by coordination polymerization using a polymerization initiator containing a lanthanum series rare earth element.

<Production of Modified Conjugated Diene Polymer>
In the present invention, the modified conjugated diene polymer of the component (a-1) is described above at the active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal obtained by anionic polymerization or coordination polymerization. It is obtained by reacting the modifier I and then subjecting it to a condensation reaction in the presence of a condensation accelerator if desired.
The modification reaction step in which the modifier I is reacted, the condensation reaction step in which a condensation reaction treatment is performed as required, and the subsequent steps are described in detail below.

<< Modification reaction process >>
In this modification reaction step, the modifier I represented by the general formula (3) or (4) is added to the active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal, and the active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer. In contrast, it is preferably added in a stoichiometric amount or in excess, and reacted with the active end of the polymer.
The modification reaction step in the present invention is usually carried out under the same temperature and pressure conditions as the polymerization reaction.

<< Condensation reaction process >>
In this invention, after making the modifier I react with the polymerization active terminal of a conjugated diene type polymer, the condensation reaction process of carrying out a condensation reaction process in presence of a condensation accelerator can be provided if desired.
The condensation accelerator used in the condensation reaction is preferably added after the modification reaction and before the start of the condensation reaction. When added before the denaturation reaction, a direct reaction with the active end may occur, and the desired denaturing group may not be introduced into the active end. Further, when added after the start of the condensation reaction, the condensation accelerator may not be uniformly dispersed and the catalyst performance may be lowered.

As the condensation accelerator, one containing a metal element is preferable, and a compound containing at least one metal belonging to Groups 2 to 15 of the periodic table is more preferable.
The condensation accelerator containing the metal element preferably contains at least one selected from Ti, Sn, Bi, Zr and Al, and is an alkoxide, carboxylate or acetylacetonate complex of the metal. is there.

As the condensation accelerator containing Ti as a metal component, an alkoxide of titanium (Ti), a carboxylate, and an acetylacetonate complex salt are preferably used.
Specifically, tetrakis (2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediolato) titanium, tetrakis (2-methyl-1,3-hexanediolato) titanium, tetrakis (2-propyl-1,3-hexanediolato) ) Titanium, tetrakis (2-butyl-1,3-hexanediolato) titanium, tetrakis (1,3-hexanediolato) titanium, tetrakis (1,3-pentanediolato) titanium, tetrakis (2-methyl-1) , 3-pentanediolato) titanium, tetrakis (2-ethyl-1,3-pentanediolato) titanium, tetrakis (2-propyl-1,3-pentanediolato) titanium, tetrakis (2-butyl-1,3) -Pentanediolato) titanium, tetrakis (1,3-heptanediolato) titanium, tetrakis (2-methyl-1,3-heptanediolato) Titanium, Tetrakis (2-ethyl-1,3-heptanediolato) titanium, Tetrakis (2-propyl-1,3-heptanediolato) titanium, Tetrakis (2-butyl-1,3-heptanediolato) titanium, Tetrakis (2-ethylhexoxy) Titanium, tetramethoxy titanium, tetraethoxy titanium, tetra-n-propoxy titanium, tetraisopropoxy titanium, tetra-n-butoxy titanium, tetra-n-butoxy titanium oligomer, tetraisobutoxy titanium, tetra-sec-butoxy titanium, tetra Tert-butoxy titanium, bis (oleate) bis (2-ethylhexanoate) titanium, titanium dipropoxy bis (triethanolamate), titanium dibutoxy bis (triethanolamate), titanium tributoxy Tearate, titanium tripropoxy systemate, titanium tripropoxyacetylacetonate, titanium dipropoxybis (acetylacetonate), titanium tripropoxy (ethylacetoacetate), titanium propoxyacetylacetonatebis (ethylacetoacetate), titanium tributoxyacetyl Acetonate, Titanium dibutoxybis (acetylacetonate), Titanium tributoxyethyl acetoacetate, Titanium butoxyacetylacetonate bis (ethylacetoacetate), Titanium tetrakis (acetylacetonate), Titanium diacetylacetonate bis (ethylacetoacetate) Bis (2-ethylhexanoate) titanium oxide, bis (laurate) titanium oxide, bis (naphthenate) titanium oxide Id, bis (stearate) titanium oxide, bis (oleate) titanium oxide, bis (linoleate) titanium oxide, tetrakis (2-ethylhexanoate) titanium, tetrakis (laurate) titanium, tetrakis (naphthenate) titanium, tetrakis (stear) Rate) titanium, tetrakis (oleate) titanium, tetrakis (linoleate) titanium, titanium di-n-butoxide (bis-2,4-pentanedionate), titanium oxide bis (stearate), titanium oxide bis (tetramethylheptanedionate) ), Titanium oxide bis (pentanedionate), titanium tetra (lactate) and the like.
Of these, tetrakis (2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediolato) titanium, tetrakis (2-ethylhexoxy) titanium, and titanium di-n-butoxide (bis-2,4-pentanedionate) are preferable.

As the condensation accelerator containing Sn as a metal component, an oxidation number 2 tin compound represented by Sn (OCOR ³¹ ) ₂ (wherein R ³¹ is an alkyl group having 2 to 19 carbon atoms), R ³² _x SnA ⁵ _y B ¹ _4-yx oxidation number 4 tin compound (wherein R ³² is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, x is an integer of 1 to 3, y is 1 or 2) , A ⁵ is a carboxy group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, a β-dicarbonyl group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbyloxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and / or a carbon number of 1 A group selected from siloxy groups trisubstituted with ˜20 hydrocarbyloxy groups, B ¹ is a hydroxyl group or a halogen).

  More specifically, the tin carboxylate includes divalent tin dicarboxylate, tetravalent dihydrocarbyltin dicarboxylate (including bis (hydrocarbyldicarboxylic acid) salt), bis (β -Diketonate), alkoxy halide, monocarboxylate hydroxide, alkoxy (trihydrocarbylsiloxide), alkoxy (dihydrocarbylalkoxysiloxide), bis (trihydrocarbylsiloxide), bis (dihydrocarbylalkoxysiloxide), etc. It can be used suitably. The hydrocarbyl group bonded to tin preferably has 4 or more carbon atoms, and particularly preferably has 4 to 8 carbon atoms.

  Moreover, the following (a)-(e) is mentioned as a condensation promoter (for example, alkoxide, carboxylic acid, or acetylacetonate complex salt of these metals) which contains Zr, Bi, or Al as a metal component.

(A) Bismuth carboxylate (b) Zirconium alkoxide (c) Zirconium carboxylate (d) Aluminum alkoxide (e) Aluminum carboxylate

  Specifically, as (a), tris (2-ethylhexanoate) bismuth, tris (laurate) bismuth, tris (naphthenate) bismuth, tris (stearate) bismuth, tris (oleate) bismuth, tris (linoleate) Bismuth etc. are mentioned.

  (B) and (c) include tetraethoxyzirconium, tetran-propoxyzirconium, tetraisopropoxyzirconium, tetran-butoxyzirconium, tetrasec-butoxyzirconium, tetratert-butoxyzirconium, tetra (2-ethylhexoxy) zirconium, Zirconium tributoxy systemate, zirconium tributoxy acetylacetonate, zirconium butoxybis (acetylacetonate), zirconium tributoxyethyl acetoacetate, zirconium butoxyacetylacetonate bis (ethylacetoacetate), zirconium tetrakis (acetylacetonate), zirconium Diacetylacetonate bis (ethyl acetoacetate), bis (2-ethylhexanoate) ) Zirconium oxide, bis (laurate) zirconium oxide, bis (naphthenate) zirconium oxide, bis (stearate) zirconium oxide, bis (oleate) zirconium oxide, bis (linoleate) zirconium oxide, tetrakis (2-ethylhexanoate) zirconium , Tetrakis (laurate) zirconium, tetrakis (naphthenate) zirconium, tetrakis (stearate) zirconium, tetrakis (oleate) zirconium, tetrakis (linoleate) zirconium and the like.

  (D) and (e) include triethoxyaluminum, tri-n-propoxyaluminum, triisopropoxyaluminum, tri-n-butoxyaluminum, trisec-butoxyaluminum, tritert-butoxyaluminum, tri (2-ethylhexoxy) aluminum, Aluminum dibutoxy systemate, aluminum dibutoxyacetylacetonate, aluminum butoxybis (acetylacetonate), aluminum dibutoxyethylacetoacetate, aluminum tris (acetylacetonate), aluminum tris (ethylacetoacetate), tris (2-ethyl) Hexanoate) aluminum, Tris (laurate) aluminum, Tris (naphthenate) aluminum, Tris (stearate) aluminum Bromide, tris (oleate) aluminum, tris (linolate) aluminum, and the like.

  Among these, tris (2-ethylhexanoate) bismuth, tetra n-propoxyzirconium, tetra n-butoxyzirconium, bis (2-ethylhexanoate) zirconium oxide, bis (oleate) zirconium oxide, triisopropoxy Aluminum, trisec-butoxyaluminum, tris (2-ethylhexanoate) aluminum, tris (stearate) aluminum, zirconium tetrakis (acetylacetonate), and aluminum tris (acetylacetonate) are preferred.

Among these condensation accelerators, those containing Ti as a metal atom are preferable. As the use amount of the condensation accelerator, the number of moles of the condensation accelerator is preferably 0.1 to 10 as the molar ratio with respect to the total amount of hydrocarbyloxy groups present in the reaction system, and 0.5 to 5 is preferable. Particularly preferred. By setting the use amount of the condensation accelerator within the above range, the condensation reaction proceeds efficiently.
The amount (consumption amount) of the condensation accelerator is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component in the rubber composition described later, and is 0.5 to 5 parts by mass. Part is more preferred. By setting the use amount of the condensation accelerator within the above range, the condensation reaction proceeds efficiently.

The condensation reaction in the present invention proceeds in the presence of the above-described condensation accelerator and water vapor or water. An example of the presence of water vapor is a solvent removal treatment by steam stripping, and the condensation reaction proceeds during steam stripping. In this case, after a condensation reaction step is performed in the presence of a condensation accelerator in an organic solvent, a solvent removal treatment by steam stripping is performed.
The condensation reaction may be performed in a system in which water is dispersed as droplets in an organic solvent or in an aqueous solution.
The temperature during the condensation reaction is preferably 20 to 180 ° C, more preferably 30 to 170 ° C, and particularly preferably 50 to 170 ° C. By setting the temperature during the condensation reaction within the above range, the condensation reaction can be efficiently advanced and completed, and the deterioration of the quality due to the aging reaction of the polymer due to the aging of the resulting modified conjugated diene polymer is suppressed. Can do.

The condensation reaction time is preferably about 5 minutes to 10 hours, more preferably about 15 minutes to 5 hours. By setting the condensation reaction time within the above range, the condensation reaction can be completed smoothly.
The pressure of the reaction system during the condensation reaction is preferably 0.01 to 20 MPa, more preferably 0.05 to 10 MPa.
There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the form of a condensation reaction, You may carry out by a continuous type using apparatuses, such as a batch type reactor and a multistage continuous type reactor. Moreover, you may perform this condensation reaction and a desolvent simultaneously.

After finishing the above-mentioned modification reaction step or condensation reaction step, an isopropanol solution of 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) or the like is added to the polymerization reaction system to stop the polymerization reaction.
Thereafter, the modified conjugated diene-based polymer is obtained through a desolvation process such as steam stripping, which lowers the partial pressure of the solvent by blowing water vapor, and a vacuum drying process.
In the modification reaction step, in the modified group introduced by reacting the modifier I with the polymerization terminal of the conjugated diene polymer, dicarboxylic acid is used in the hydrolysis step or the desolvation treatment step using steam such as steam stripping. Acid anhydride residue of acid and acid anhydride residue of dithiocarboxylic acid are respectively dicarboxylic acid residue and dithiocarboxylic acid residue, ester group and thioester group are carboxy group and thiocarboxy group respectively, An acidic functional group is formed.
Operations such as the removal of protecting groups by such hydrolysis, ring opening of thioepoxy groups, ring opening of di (thio) carboxylic acid anhydrides, decomposition of (thio) esters are the end of the modification reaction step. To any stage from desolvation to dry polymer.
The modified conjugated diene polymer of component (a-1) thus obtained has an acidic functional group as a modifier at the polymerization terminal and a hydrocarbyloxysilyl group capable of concentrating the filler surface is introduced. Will be.

  The (a-1) modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention contains at least one of the above modifier I at the polymerization active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer obtained by the above-described anionic polymerization or coordination polymerization. A modified conjugated diene polymer obtained by reaction, a modified aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer or a modified conjugated diene polymer is preferable, and a modified aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer is particularly preferable. The modified aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer is preferably a modified styrene-butadiene copolymer (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as modified SBR), and the modified conjugated diene polymer is preferably modified polybutadiene.

((A-1) Bound rubber of modified conjugated diene polymer)
The (a-1) modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention has a functional group having a filler surface concentration ability, and the bound rubber amount at 25 ° C. is preferably 40% by mass or more. More preferably, it is -80 mass%. Here, the method for measuring the bound rubber amount is as follows.
<Measurement method of bound rubber amount>
Using a closed kneader having a volume of 2 liters in the kneading chamber, 100 parts by mass of the modified conjugated diene polymer and 60 parts by mass of wet silica (BET method specific surface area: 205 ± 10 m ² / g) are obtained by {(kneaded The volume of the rubber composition / volume in the kneading chamber) × 100} is 60%, and when the maximum kneading temperature reaches 160 ° C., the rubber kneaded material is discharged from the closed kneader and bound rubber A rubber composition M for quantitative measurement is obtained. The rubber composition M0.2g was cut into 1 mm square and weighed, then added to 25 mL of toluene, allowed to stand at 25 ° C. for 48 hours, and then filtered through a glass fiber filter to separate the toluene insoluble matter. Thereafter, the separated toluene-insoluble matter was vacuum-dried at 25 ° C. and then weighed, and the bound rubber amount (%) was determined by the following formula.
Bound rubber amount (%) = {(mass of toluene insoluble matter−mass of wet silica in rubber composition M) / (mass of rubber composition M−mass of wet silica in rubber composition M)} × 100
However, the BET specific surface area of silica is measured according to ISO 5794/1.
(A-1) The functional group having the ability to concentrate the filler surface of the modified conjugated diene polymer is preferably a hydrocarbyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and more preferably an alkoxysilyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

In the acidic functional group present at the polymerization active terminal of the (a-1) modified conjugated diene polymer according to the present invention, the compound obtained by protonating this acidic functional group preferably has a pKa of less than 13. Here, the pKa value is a logarithmic value of the reciprocal of the acid dissociation constant Ka, and is a pKa value for a compound in which a proton is bonded to an acidic functional group. Since the thioester group and dithioester group of the (C) silane coupling agent according to the present invention are hydrolyzable, if the pKa is less than 13, the coupling reaction of the (C) silane coupling agent is further promoted. preferable.
The acidic functional group according to the present invention is at least selected from the group consisting of a carboxy group, a thiocarboxy group, a dithiocarboxy group, a dicarboxylic acid residue, a di (thiocarboxylic acid) residue, and a mercapto group in order to achieve the above-described effects. It is preferably a kind of group.
For the pKa value of the compound having a proton bonded to the pre-acidic functional group, that is, the acidic functional group after hydrolyzing the modifier I, the data described in “Chemical Handbook Basic Revised 5th Edition” is used. However, for compounds not described in “Chemical Handbook Basic Edition Revised 5th Edition”, the pKa value is measured in an aqueous solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. using an automatic titrator COM-1600 manufactured by Hiranuma Sangyo Co.

((A-2) natural rubber and / or diene synthetic rubber)
(A-2) Natural rubber and / or diene synthetic rubber constituting another component of the rubber component in the rubber composition of the present invention. Examples of the diene synthetic rubber include polybutadiene, polyisoprene, and polybutadiene. -Polyisoprene copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer, styrene-isoprene-butadiene terpolymer, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, butyl rubber, halogenated butyl rubber, etc. Can be mentioned.
This (a-2) component may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
In the rubber composition of the present invention, from the viewpoint of low heat build-up and wear resistance, from the (a-1) modified conjugated diene polymer and (a-2) natural rubber and / or diene synthetic rubber. The (A) rubber component is composed of (a-1) component 10 to 100% by mass and (a-2) component 90 to 0% by mass, and (a-1) component 30 to 100% by mass. And (a-2) component 70 to 0% by mass, preferably (a-1) component 50 to 100% by mass and (a-2) component 50 to 0% by mass.
In addition, in (A) rubber component, when using natural rubber and / or diene synthetic rubber as component (a-2) as essential components, (a-1) component 10 to 95% by mass and (a-2) ) Component 90 to 50% by mass, (a-1) component 30 to 95% by mass, and (a-2) component 70 to 5% by mass, more preferably (a-1). More preferably, it is composed of 50 to 95% by mass of component and 50 to 5% by mass of component (a-2).

[(B) Inorganic filler]
In the rubber composition of this invention, an inorganic filler is contained as (B) component. From the viewpoint of suitably exhibiting the effects of the present invention, the inorganic filler of component (B) needs to contain 5 to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, and 10 to 200 parts by mass. Preferably, it contains 10 to 150 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 120 parts by mass.
In the rubber composition of the present invention, silica or an inorganic reinforcing filler other than silica can be used as the inorganic filler.

<Silica>
In the present invention, any commercially available silica can be used as the inorganic filler. Among these, wet silica, dry silica, and colloidal silica are preferably used, and wet silica is particularly preferably used. The BET specific surface area (measured according to ISO 5794/1) of silica is preferably 100 m ² / g or more, more preferably 150 m ² / g or more, particularly preferably 170 m ² / g or more. Examples of such silica include Tosoh Silica Co., Ltd., trade name “Nipsil AQ” (BET specific surface area = 205 m ² / g), “Nipsil KQ”, and Degussa trade name “Ultra Gil VN3” (BET specific surface area = 175 m ^2. / G) and other commercial products can be used.

<Inorganic reinforcing filler other than silica>
As the inorganic reinforcing filler other than silica, a compound represented by the following general formula (5) can be used.
dM ³ · xSiO _y · zH ₂ O (5)
Here, in the general formula (5), M ³ is a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, calcium, and zirconium, an oxide or hydroxide of these metals, and a hydrate thereof. Or at least one selected from carbonates of these metals, and d, x, y and z are each an integer of 1 to 5, an integer of 0 to 10, an integer of 2 to 5, and an integer of 0 to 10 is there.
In the general formula (5), when both x and z are 0, the inorganic compound is at least one metal, metal oxide or metal hydroxide selected from aluminum, magnesium, titanium, calcium and zirconium. It becomes.
As the inorganic filler represented by the general formula (5), .gamma.-alumina, alumina (Al ₂ O ₃₎ such as α- alumina, boehmite, alumina monohydrate such as diaspore (Al ₂ O ₃ · H ₂ O), Gibbsite, Bayerite, etc. Aluminum hydroxide [Al (OH) ₃ ], Aluminum carbonate [Al ₂ (CO ₃ ) ₂ ], Magnesium hydroxide [Mg (OH) ₂ ], Magnesium oxide (MgO), Carbonic acid Magnesium (MgCO ₃ ), talc (3MgO · 4SiO ₂ · H ₂ O), attapulgite (5MgO · 8SiO ₂ · 9H ₂ O), titanium white (TiO ₂ ), titanium black (TiO _2n-1 ), calcium oxide (CaO ), calcium hydroxide [Ca (OH) _2], magnesium aluminum oxide _{(MgO · Al 2 O 3)} , clay _{(Al 2 O 3 · 2SiO 2} ), kaolin ( _{l 2 O 3 · 2SiO 2 ·} 2H 2 O), pyrophyllite _{(Al 2 O 3 · 4SiO 2} · H 2 O), bentonite _{(Al 2 O 3 · 4SiO 2} · 2H 2 O), aluminum silicate (Al ₂ SiO ₅ , Al ₄ · 3SiO ₄ · 5H ₂ O, etc.), magnesium silicate (Mg ₂ SiO ₄ , MgSiO ₃ etc.), calcium silicate (Ca ₂ · SiO ₄ etc.), aluminum calcium silicate (Al ₂ O ₃ · CaO · 2SiO ₂ etc.), magnesium calcium silicate (CaMgSiO ₄ ), calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ), zirconium oxide (ZrO ₂ ), zirconium hydroxide [ZrO (OH) ₂ · nH ₂ O], zirconium carbonate [ Zr (CO _{3) 2],} hydrogen to correct electric charge as various zeolites, such as crystalline aluminosilicates including alkali metal or alkaline earth metal is used It can be. Moreover, it is preferable that M ³ in the general formula (5) is at least one selected from aluminum metal, aluminum oxide or hydroxide, hydrates thereof, and aluminum carbonate.
These inorganic compounds represented by the general formula (5) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The average particle diameter of these inorganic reinforcing fillers is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10 μm, more preferably in the range of 0.05 to 5 μm, from the viewpoint of kneading workability, wear resistance and wet grip performance balance. More preferred.
In the present invention, silica is particularly suitable as the inorganic filler.

(Carbon black)
If desired, the rubber composition of the present invention may contain carbon black in addition to the inorganic filler described above. The carbon black is not particularly limited, and for example, GPF, FEF, SRF, HAF, N339, IISAF, ISAF, SAF, etc. are used, and the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N ₂ SA, JIS K 6217-2: 2001 compliant) Is preferably ²⁰ to 250 m ² / g. This carbon black may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. In the present invention, carbon black is not included in the inorganic filler.

[(C) Silane coupling agent]
In the rubber composition of the present invention, the silane coupling agent used as the component (C) is an atom or a functional group capable of binding to the above-described (B) inorganic filler, a thioester group and / or a dithioester group (ie, protected). And a mercapto group).
Preferred examples of the functional group that can be bonded to the inorganic filler include an alkoxysilyl group.
As such (C) silane coupling agent, the following (C-1) compound and / or (C-2) compound can be used, for example.

［式中、Ｒ¹は−Ｃｌ（塩素原子）、−Ｂｒ（臭素原子）、Ｒ⁶Ｏ−、Ｒ⁶Ｃ(＝Ｏ)Ｏ−、Ｒ⁶Ｒ⁷Ｃ＝ＮＯ−、Ｒ⁶Ｒ⁷Ｎ−又は−（ＯＳｉＲ⁶Ｒ⁷）_m（ＯＳｉＲ⁵Ｒ⁶Ｒ⁷）（ただし、Ｒ⁶及びＲ⁷は、それぞれ独立に水素原子又は炭素数１〜１８の一価の炭化水素基である。）、Ｒ²はＲ¹、水素原子又は炭素数１〜１８の一価の炭化水素基、Ｒ³はＲ¹、Ｒ²又は−［Ｏ（Ｒ⁸Ｏ）_a］_0.5−基（ただし、Ｒ⁸は炭素数１〜１８のアルキレン基、ａは１〜４の整数である。）、Ｒ⁴は炭素数１〜１８の二価の炭化水素基、Ｒ⁵は炭素数１〜１８の一価の炭化水素基を示し、ｘ、ｙ及びｚは、ｘ＋ｙ＋２ｚ＝３、０≦ｘ≦３、０≦ｙ≦２、０≦ｚ≦１の関係を満たす数である。］
で表されるシランカップリング剤が用いられる。 ((C-1) Compound)
As said (C-1) compound, following General formula (1)

[Wherein, R ¹ represents —Cl (chlorine atom), —Br (bromine atom), R ⁶ O—, R ⁶ C (═O) O—, R ⁶ R ⁷ C═NO—, R ⁶ R ⁷ N - or _{^{- (OSiR 6 R 7) m}} (OSiR 5 R 6 R 7) ( provided that, R ⁶ and R ⁷ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a C1-18 monovalent hydrocarbon group.) , R ² is R ¹ , a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R ³ is R ¹ , R ² or — [O (R ⁸ O) _a ] _0.5 — group (provided that R ⁸ Is an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a is an integer of 1 to 4), R ⁴ is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and R ⁵ is a monovalent hydrocarbon having 1 to 18 carbon atoms. This represents a hydrocarbon group, and x, y, and z are numbers satisfying the relationship of x + y + 2z = 3, 0 ≦ x ≦ 3, 0 ≦ y ≦ 2, and 0 ≦ z ≦ 1. ]
The silane coupling agent represented by these is used.

  In the general formula (1), examples of the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms include an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and an aryl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. And an aralkyl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms. Here, the alkyl group and alkenyl group may be linear, branched or cyclic, and the aryl group and aralkyl group have a substituent such as a lower alkyl group on the aromatic ring. Also good.

In the general formula (1), the alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms represented by R ⁸ may be linear, branched or cyclic, and is particularly preferably linear. is there. Examples of the linear alkylene group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, a hexamethylene group, an octamethylene group, a decamethylene group, and a dodecamethylene group.
Examples of the divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms represented by R ⁴ include an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and a cycloalkylene having 5 to 18 carbon atoms. Groups, cycloalkylalkylene groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, arylene groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and aralkylene groups having 7 to 18 carbon atoms. The alkylene group and alkenylene group may be linear or branched, and the cycloalkylene group, cycloalkylalkylene group, arylene group, and aralkylene group may have a substituent such as a lower alkyl group on the ring. You may have.
R ⁴ is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably a linear alkylene group such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, a tetramethylene group, a pentamethylene group, or a hexamethylene group. it can.

Examples of the silane coupling agent represented by the general formula (1) include 3-hexanoylthiopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-octanoylthiopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-decanoylthiopropyltriethoxysilane, 3 -Lauroylthiopropyltriethoxysilane, 2-hexanoylthioethyltriethoxysilane, 2-octanoylthioethyltriethoxysilane, 2-decanoylthioethyltriethoxysilane, 2-lauroylthioethyltriethoxysilane, 3-hexa Noylthiopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-octanoylthiopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-decanoylthiopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-lauroylthiopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-hexanoylthioethyltrimethoxysilane, 2- Kuta Neu Lucio ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2- deca Neu thio ethyltrimethoxysilane, and the like of 2-lauroyl thio ethyltrimethoxysilane.
Among these silane coupling agents, the following formula (1-a)

で表される３−オクタノイルチオプロピルトリエトキシシランは、商標「ＮＸＴ」としてＭｏｍｅｎｔｉｖｅ Ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅ Ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ社が上市している。
本発明におけるゴム組成物に、当該（ｃ−１）シランカップリング剤を用いることにより、ゴム加工時の作業性に優れると共に、低発熱及び耐摩耗性の良好なタイヤを与えることができる。

3-octanoylthiopropyltriethoxysilane is marketed by Momentive Performance Materials under the trademark “NXT”.
By using the (c-1) silane coupling agent in the rubber composition of the present invention, it is possible to provide a tire having excellent workability during rubber processing and good low heat generation and wear resistance.

［式中Ｒ⁹は炭素数１〜２０の直鎖もしくは、分岐、環状のアルキル基であり、Ｇはそれぞれ独立して炭素数１〜９のアルカンジイル基又はアルケンジイル基であり、Ｚ^aはそれぞれ独立して二つの珪素原子と結合することのできる基で、[−Ｏ−]_0.5、[−Ｏ−Ｇ−]_0.5又は[−Ｏ−Ｇ−Ｏ−] _0.5から選ばれる基であり、Ｚ^bはそれぞれ独立して二つの珪素原子と結合することのできる基で、 [−Ｏ−Ｇ−Ｏ−] _0.5で表される官能基であり、Ｚ^cはそれぞれ独立して−Ｃｌ、−Ｂｒ、−ＯＲ¹⁰、Ｒ¹⁰Ｃ(＝Ｏ)Ｏ−、Ｒ¹⁰Ｒ¹¹Ｃ＝ＮＯ−、Ｒ¹⁰Ｒ¹¹Ｎ−，Ｒ¹⁰−，ＨＯ−Ｇ−Ｏ−で表される官能基であり、Ｒ，Ｇは前記表記と一致する。
ｍ、ｎ、ｕ、ｖ、ｗはそれぞれ独立して１≦ｍ≦２０、０≦ｎ≦２０、０≦ｕ≦３、０≦ｖ≦２、０≦ｗ≦１であり、かつ（ｕ／２）＋ｖ＋２ｗ＝２又は３である。
Ａ部が複数である場合、複数のＡ部におけるＺ^a _u、Ｚ^b _v及びＺ^c _wそれぞれにおいて、同一でも異なっていても良く、Ｂが複数である場合、複数のＢ部におけるＺ^a _u、Ｚ^b _v及びＺ^c _wそれぞれにおいて、同一でも異なっても良い。］
で表されるシランカップリング剤が用いられる。 ((C-2) Compound)
As the compound (c-2), the following general formula (2)

[Wherein R ⁹ is or linear C1-20, branched or cyclic alkyl group, G is independently an alkanediyl group or an alkenediyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, Z ^a are each independently a group capable of binding with two silicon _{atoms, [- O-] 0. 5,} [- O-G-] is a group selected from _0.5, or [-O-G-O-] _0.5 , Z ^b each independently represents a group capable of bonding to two silicon atoms, and is a functional group represented by [—O—G—O—] _0.5 , and Z ^c each independently represents —Cl, A functional group represented by —Br, —OR ¹⁰ , R ¹⁰ C (═O) O—, R ¹⁰ R ¹¹ C═NO—, R ¹⁰ R ¹¹ N—, R ¹⁰ —, HO—G—O—; Yes, R and G agree with the above notation.
m, n, u, v, and w are independently 1 ≦ m ≦ 20, 0 ≦ n ≦ 20, 0 ≦ u ≦ 3, 0 ≦ v ≦ 2, 0 ≦ w ≦ 1, and (u / 2) + v + 2w = 2 or 3.
When there are a plurality of A parts, each of Z ^a _u , Z ^b _v and Z ^c _w in the plurality of A parts may be the same or different. When there are a plurality of B parts, Z ^a _u in the plurality of B parts , Z ^b _v and Z ^c _w may be the same or different. ]
The silane coupling agent represented by these is used.

  Specific examples of the silane coupling agent represented by the general formula (2) include the following formulas (2-a), (2-b), and (2-c).

［式中Ｌはそれぞれ独立して炭素数１〜９のアルカンジイル基又はアルケンジイル基を示し、ｘは１〜２０の数、ｙは０〜２０の数を示す。］
で示される構造を有する化合物の中から選ばれる少なくとも一種を挙げることができる。
前記式（２−ａ）で表されるシランカップリング剤としては、Ｍｏｍｅｎｔｉｖｅ Ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅ Ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ社が、商標「ＮＸＴ Ｌｏｗ−Ｖ Ｓｉｌａｎｅ」として、また、式（２−ｂ）で表されるシランカップリング剤としては、Ｍｏｍｅｎｔｉｖｅ Ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅ Ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ社が、商標「ＮＸＴ Ｕｌｔｒａ Ｌｏｗ−Ｖ Ｓｉｌａｎｅ」として、さらに、化学式（２−ｃ）で表されるシランカップリング剤としては、Ｍｏｍｅｎｔｉｖｅ Ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅ Ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ社が、商標、「ＮＸＴ Ｚ」として上市している。

[In formula, L shows a C1-C9 alkanediyl group or alkenediyl group each independently, x shows the number of 1-20, y shows the number of 0-20. ]
And at least one selected from compounds having a structure represented by the formula:
As the silane coupling agent represented by the formula (2-a), Momentive Performance Materials has a trademark “NXT Low-V Silane” and a silane coupling agent represented by the formula (2-b). Momentive Performance Materials is a trademark “NXT Ultra Low-V Silane”, and as a silane coupling agent represented by the chemical formula (2-c), Momentive Performance Materials is a trademark “NXZ ".

  Since the silane coupling agent of component (C) described above forms a thioester structure in which the thiol moiety is protected with an alkanoyl group, it is easily hydrolyzed at the thioester moiety. On the other hand, since the modified conjugated diene polymer has a modified group having an acidic functional group together with an alkoxysilyl group at the polymerization terminal, the modified group is concentrated on the surface of the filler, and the acidic functional group is added to the silane cup. It contributes to the promotion of the hydrolysis reaction of the thioester part of the ring agent. As a result, the rubber composition of the present invention has improved low heat buildup and wear resistance. If necessary, for the purpose of deprotecting the thiol part of the silane coupling agent, a proton donor typified by DPG (1,3-diphenylguanidine) or the like is used as a deprotecting agent and is added to the final kneading step. be able to. The amount used is preferably 0.1 to 5.0 parts by mass, more preferably 0.2 to 3.0 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the (A) rubber component.

In the present invention, the silane coupling agent of the component (C) described above may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and the blending amount is the effect of the present invention, That is, in order to satisfy both low heat buildup and wear resistance, it is selected in the range of 1 to 25% by mass with respect to the inorganic filler (B). A preferable compounding amount is 2 to 25% by mass, and a more preferable compounding amount is 2 to 20% by mass.
Further, in the case of obtaining a rubber composition having good processability by suppressing the generation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) as much as possible during the work, the generation of VOCs as the silane coupling agent of the component (C) It is preferable that there is no or very little even if it occurs.
As such a silane coupling agent, the compound (c-2) represented by the formula (2-b) and the formula (2-c) described above can be exemplified.

In the rubber composition of the present invention, a condensation accelerator may be added at the time of synthesis as in the method for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer described above, but the condensation accelerator is dry blended at the time of preparing the rubber composition. These operations may be added, or these operations may be combined. Here, dry blending means that when (A) rubber component, (B) inorganic filler, (C) raw materials of rubber composition such as silane coupling agent are kneaded in a kneader, the condensation is accelerated. A blending method in which an agent is blended and kneaded.
The content of the condensation accelerator is as described in the condensation reaction in the method for producing the modified conjugated diene polymer described above, and a condensation accelerator containing a titanium atom is particularly preferable.
When the condensation accelerator is added during preparation of the rubber composition, it is preferably kneaded with other components at a temperature of usually about 20 to 185 ° C, preferably 60 to 175 ° C in the first kneading step.
The content of the condensation accelerator in the rubber composition is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and 0.5 to 5 parts by mass from the viewpoint of the reactivity between silica and silanol per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. More preferably.

[Preparation of rubber composition]
The rubber composition of the present invention is preferably sulfur crosslinkable, and sulfur is suitably used as a vulcanizing agent. As the usage-amount, it is preferable to mix | blend 0.1-10 mass parts of sulfur content (total amount of sulfur of sulfur and a sulfur donor) with respect to 100 mass parts of (A) rubber components. This is because within this range, the necessary elastic modulus and strength of the vulcanized rubber composition can be ensured and fuel efficiency can be obtained. In this respect, it is more preferable to incorporate 0.2 to 8 parts by mass of the sulfur content.

  In the rubber composition, the (A) component, the (B) component, the (C) component, the vulcanizing agent, and various kinds usually used in the rubber industry as desired, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. Chemicals such as vulcanizing agents other than sulfur, vulcanization accelerators, process oils, plasticizers, anti-aging agents, anti-scorching agents, zinc white, stearic acid, thermosetting resins, thermoplastic resins and the like can be included. .

  The vulcanization accelerator that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, M (2-mercaptobenzothiazole), DM (dibenzothiazolyl disulfide), CZ (N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothia). Zolylsulfenamide) and other guanidine vulcanization accelerators such as DPG (1,3-diphenylguanidine) can be used, and the amount used is (A) 100 parts by weight of rubber component. On the other hand, 0.1-5.0 mass parts is preferable, More preferably, it is 0.2-3.0 mass parts.

  Examples of the process oil used as a softening agent that can be used in the rubber composition of the present invention include paraffinic, naphthenic, and aromatic oils. Aromatics are used for applications that emphasize tensile strength and wear resistance, and naphthenic or paraffinic systems are used for applications that emphasize hysteresis loss and low-temperature characteristics. The amount of use is preferably 0 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component (A). Can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, examples of the anti-aging agent that can be used in the rubber composition of the present invention include 3C (N-isopropyl-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, 6C [N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N′- Phenyl-p-phenylenediamine], AW (6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline), high-temperature condensate of diphenylamine and acetone, etc. A) 0.1-6.0 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of rubber components, More preferably, it is 0.3-5.0 mass parts.

  The rubber composition of the present invention can be obtained by kneading using a kneading machine such as an open kneading machine such as a roll or a closed kneading machine such as a Banbury mixer, and vulcanized after molding. It can be applied to various rubber products. For example, tire tires such as tire treads, under treads, carcass, sidewalls, side reinforcing rubbers, bead parts (especially bead fillers), as well as anti-vibration rubber, fenders, belts, hoses and other industrial products Although it can be used, it is particularly suitably used as a tread rubber for low fuel consumption tires, large tires, and high performance tires, which are excellent in balance between low heat build-up, wear resistance and breaking strength.

[tire]
The tire of the present invention is characterized by using the above-described rubber composition of the present invention as a member. As the member, a tread, a base tread, a sidewall, a side reinforcing rubber, and a bead filler can be preferably mentioned, and the rubber composition of the present invention can be used for any of these, but it is preferably used for a tread. In particular, it is preferable to use for a cap tread.
A tire using the rubber composition of the present invention for a tread, particularly a pneumatic tire, has low rolling resistance and excellent fuel efficiency, and excellent wear resistance. In addition, as gas with which the tire of the present invention is filled, normal or air with a changed oxygen partial pressure, or an inert gas such as nitrogen is exemplified. When the rubber composition of the present invention is used for a tread, for example, it is extruded on a tread member, and is pasted and molded by a usual method on a tire molding machine to form a raw tire. The green tire is heated and pressed in a vulcanizer to obtain a tire.

EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these examples.
<Measurement for Modified Conjugated Diene Polymer>
(1) Weight average molecular weight (Mw)
It was measured by GPC [manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, HLC-8020] using a differential refractometer as a detector, and was shown in terms of polystyrene using monodisperse polystyrene as a standard. The column is GMHXL [manufactured by Tosoh] and the mobile phase is tetrahydrofuran.
(2) Styrene content (% by mass) of modified SBR
It was determined by 270MH _Z ¹ H-NMR.
(3) Vinyl bond content (% by mass) in the butadiene part
Using a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (trade name “FT / IR-4100”, manufactured by JASCO Corporation), the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy described in JP-A-2005-015590 can be used to determine The vinyl bond content (%) was measured.
(4) Amount of bound rubber (%)
The bound rubber amount (%) of each modified conjugated diene polymer was measured by the method described above.

<Measurement of compounds obtained by protonating acidic functional groups>
(5) Measurement of pKa value As described above, the data described in "Chemical Handbook Basic Revised 5th Edition" was used for the numerical value of the pKa value. However, for compounds not described in “Chemical Handbook Basic Revised Edition 5”, the pKa value was measured in an aqueous solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. using an automatic titrator COM-1600 manufactured by Hiranuma Sangyo Co., Ltd.

<Physical properties of rubber composition>
(6) Dynamic loss tangent (tan δ) of vulcanized rubber composition
Using a viscoelasticity measuring device (Rheometrics), tan δ was measured at a temperature of 60 ° C., a strain of 5%, and a frequency of 15 Hz. The tan δ of Comparative Example 1 or 4 was taken as 100, and indexed by the following formula. A smaller index value indicates a lower exothermic property and a smaller hysteresis loss.
Dynamic loss tangent (tan δ) index = {(tan δ of test vulcanized rubber composition) / (tan δ of vulcanized rubber composition of Comparative Example 1 or 4)} × 100

    As the modifiers I, the following seven modifiers IA to IG were used. Any of the modifiers IA to IG can be obtained from the reagent manufacturer. Table 1 shows the compounds obtained by protonating the acidic functional groups of the modifiers IA to IG and the pKa of the functional group.

(note)
Modifier IA: 3- [2- (diethoxymethylsilyl) ethyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione: Chemical formula (3-a)
Modifier IB: Trimethylsilyl 4- (ethyldipropoxysilyl) butanoate: Chemical formula (3-b)
Modifier I-C: 3- (Tripropoxysilyl) propyl (trimethylsilyl) sulfide: Chemical formula (3-c)
Denaturant ID: Dimer of Denaturant IA: Chemical Formula (4-a)
Modifier IE: Butyl (ethyl) dipropoxysilane: Chemical formula (5-a)
Denaturant IF: 3-trimethylsilyloxypropyl (diethoxy) methylsilane: chemical formula (5-b)
Modifier IG: Methyltriethoxysilane: Chemical Formula (5-c)

Production Example 1 Production of Modified SBR-A <Production of SBR with Active End>
Add 1,3-butadiene in cyclohexane and styrene in cyclohexane to a dry, nitrogen-substituted 800 mL pressure-resistant glass container so that 1,3-butadiene 60 g and styrene 15 g are added, and 2,2-ditetrahydrofuryl is added. After adding 0.70 mmol of propane and further adding 0.70 mmol of n-butyllithium (BuLi), a polymerization reaction was carried out in a hot water bath at 50 ° C. for 1.5 hours. The polymerization conversion rate at this time was almost 100%.
<Modification reaction step and subsequent steps>
Next, an amount of 3- [2- (diethoxymethylsilyl) ethyl] -dihydrofuran-2,5-dione that is the modifier IA is equimolar to lithium (Li) is added to the polymerization reaction system. Further, a denaturation reaction was carried out at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Next, an isopropanol solution of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) was added to the polymerization reaction system to stop the polymerization reaction. Thereafter, steam was blown to lower the solvent partial pressure (steam stripping) to remove the solvent, followed by vacuum drying to obtain modified SBR-A.

Production Example 2 Production of Modified SBR-A-2 Following the modification reaction step of Production Example 1, 3.0 g of tetrakis (2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediolato) titanium was added as a condensation accelerator, and further 15 minutes. Stir. Thereafter, the polymerization reaction was stopped in the same manner as in Production Example 1. Thereafter, steam was blown in to lower the solvent partial pressure (steam stripping) to remove the solvent, followed by vacuum drying to obtain modified SBR-A-2.

Production Examples 3 to 5 Production of Modified SBR-B to Modified SBR-D In Production Example 1, trimethylsilyl 4- (ethyldipropoxysilyl) butanoate, which is the modifier IB, was used instead of the modifier IA. Except for the above, modified SBR-B was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 (Production Example 3).
Similarly, modified SBR-C was produced using 3- (tripropoxysilyl) propyl (trimethylsilyl) sulfide, which is the modifying agent IC, instead of the modifying agent IA (Production Example 4). Modified SBR-D was manufactured using the dimer of modifier | denaturant IA which is modifier | denaturant ID instead of IA (manufacture example 5).

Comparative Production Examples 1-3 Production of Modified SBR-E to Modified SBR-G Modified SBR-E was produced using butyl (ethyl) dipropoxysilane, which is the modifying agent IE, instead of the modifying agent IA. (Comparative Production Example 1), modified SBR-F was produced using 3-trimethylsilyloxypropyl (diethoxy) methylsilane, which is the modifying agent IF, instead of the modifying agent IA (Comparative Production Example 2). Modified SBR-G was produced using methyltriethoxysilane which is the agent IG (Comparative Production Example 3).
Table 5 shows the weight average molecular weight, the styrene content, the vinyl bond content of the butadiene part, the silanol production rate, the bound rubber amount and the alcohol volatilization amount of the modified SBR-A to SBR-G obtained as described above. It is shown in Table 6.

Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-4
Using modified SBR-A to D and modified SBR-E to G obtained in Production Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Production Examples 1 to 3, according to the formulation of Table 2, Table 3 and Table 4, Examples Ten types of rubber compositions 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were prepared.
Next, these 10 kinds of rubber compositions are disposed on the cap tread (tread side of the tread) of a pneumatic tire, and pneumatic tires for passenger cars having a tire size of 215 / 45ZR17 are manufactured according to ordinary methods. A sample for measuring tan δ was cut out from the cap tread of various types of pneumatic tires and measured by the above method. The evaluation results of tan δ are shown in Tables 5 and 6.

[note]
1) Modified conjugated diene polymer: Modified SBR-A to C and Modified SBR-E to F obtained in Production Examples 1, 3, and 4 and Comparative Production Examples 1 and 2
2) Polyisoprene rubber: Product name “IR2200” manufactured by JSR Corporation
3) Softener: Sankyo Oil Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name “A / O mix”
4) Silica: Tosoh Silica Co., Ltd., trade name “Nipsil AQ”
5) Silane coupling agent: Silane coupling agent shown in Tables 5 and 6 6) Anti-aging agent 6C: N- (1,3-dimethylbutyl) -N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine: Ouchi Product name “NOCRACK 6C” manufactured by Shinsei Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
7) Vulcanization accelerator DPG: 1,3-diphenylguanidine: Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name “Noxeller D”
8) Vulcanization accelerator DM: Dibenzothiazolyl disulfide: Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name “Noxeller DM”
9) Vulcanization accelerator CZ: N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide: Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name “Noxeller CZ”

[note]
1) Modified conjugated diene polymer: Modified SBR-A, modified SBR-A-2, modified SBR-D and modified SBR-G obtained in Production Examples 1, 2, and 5 and Comparative Production Example 3
2) Natural rubber: RSS # 3
3) to 6) and 8) to 10) are the same as in Table 2. 7) Condensation accelerator: As shown in Table 6, tetrakis (2-ethyl) was added to the rubber composition of Example 5 in the first kneading stage. -1,3-hexanediolato) titanium was blended in 4 parts by mass.

[note]
1) Modified conjugated diene polymer: Modified SBR-F obtained in Comparative Production Example 2
2) Natural rubber: RSS # 3
3) to 9) are the same as Table 2

［注］
ＮＸＴ： Ｍｏｍｅｎｔｉｖｅ Ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅ Ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ社製、商品名「ＮＸＴ」（登録商標）

[note]
NXT: Momentive Performance Materials, trade name “NXT” (registered trademark)

［注］
ＮＸＴ： Ｍｏｍｅｎｔｉｖｅ Ｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅ Ｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ社製、商品名「ＮＸＴ」（登録商標）

[note]
NXT: Momentive Performance Materials, trade name “NXT” (registered trademark)

  As is apparent from Tables 5 and 6, the cap tread rubber compositions of Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention have a significantly reduced tan δ as compared with the cap tread rubber compositions of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Excellent low exothermic property was obtained. Similarly, in the cap tread rubber compositions of Examples 4 to 6 of the present invention, compared with the cap tread rubber compositions of Comparative Examples 3 to 4, tan δ was remarkably reduced, and excellent low heat generation was obtained. .

  The rubber composition of the present invention is a tire that is further improved in low heat buildup by combining a modified conjugated diene polymer having a specific modified functional group at the polymerization terminal and a silane coupling agent having a specific structure, particularly Since pneumatic tires can be provided, it is suitable as various members of various tires such as pneumatic tires for passenger cars, pneumatic tires for light vehicles, pneumatic tires for light trucks, pneumatic tires for trucks and buses, especially as treads. Used.

Claims (16)

  (A) (a-1) Modified conjugated diene system in which a modified group having at least one functional group capable of concentrating filler surface and acidic functional group is bonded to the polymerization active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer. (B) Inorganic filler 5 with respect to 50 to 100% by mass of the polymer and (a-2) a rubber component consisting of 50 to 0% by mass of natural rubber and / or diene synthetic rubber and 100 parts by mass of the rubber component. A silane coupling agent containing ~ 200 parts by mass and having (C) an atom or a functional group capable of binding to the inorganic filler, and a thioester group and / or a dithioester group is added to the inorganic filler (B). A rubber composition containing 1 to 25% by mass of the conjugated diene polymer after the modifier I is reacted with the polymerization active terminal of the conjugated diene polymer, Characterized by being obtained by hydrolysis Rubber composition. (A-1) The rubber composition according to claim 1, wherein the amount of bound rubber of the modified conjugated diene polymer at 25 ° C is 40% by mass or more.
<Measurement method of bound rubber amount>
Using a closed kneader having a volume of 2 liters in the kneading chamber, 100 parts by mass of the modified conjugated diene polymer and 60 parts by mass of wet silica (BET method specific surface area: 205 ± 10 m ² / g) are obtained by {(kneaded The volume of the rubber composition / volume in the kneading chamber) × 100} is 60%, and when the maximum kneading temperature reaches 160 ° C., the rubber kneaded material is discharged from the closed kneader and bound rubber A rubber composition M for quantitative measurement is obtained. The rubber composition M0.2g was cut into 1 mm square and weighed, then added to 25 mL of toluene, allowed to stand at 25 ° C. for 48 hours, and then filtered through a glass fiber filter to separate the toluene insoluble matter. Thereafter, the separated toluene-insoluble matter was vacuum-dried at 25 ° C. and then weighed, and the bound rubber amount (%) was determined by the following formula.
Bound rubber amount (%) = {(mass of toluene insoluble matter−mass of wet silica in rubber composition M) / (mass of rubber composition M−mass of wet silica in rubber composition M)} × 100
However, the BET specific surface area of silica is measured according to ISO 5794/1. The rubber composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the compound obtained by protonating an acidic functional group has a pKa defined below of less than 13.
<PKa value>
The pKa value is a logarithmic value of the reciprocal of the acid dissociation constant Ka, and is the pKa value for a compound in which a proton is bonded to an acidic functional group.   The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the functional group capable of concentrating the filler surface is an alkoxysilyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.   The acidic functional group is at least one group selected from a carboxy group, a thiocarboxy group, a dithiocarboxy group, a dicarboxylic acid residue, a di (thiocarboxylic acid) residue, and a mercapto group. The rubber composition as described in 2. (C) The silane coupling agent is at least one selected from compounds represented by the following general formula (1) , formula (2-a), formula (2-b) and formula (2-c). The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

[Wherein R ¹ represents —Cl, —Br, R ⁶ O—, R ⁶ C (═O) O—, R ⁶ R ⁷ C═NO—, R ⁶ R ⁷ N— or — (OSiR ⁶ R ^{7 _{) m (OSiR 5 R 6 R}} 7) ( provided that, R ⁶ and R ⁷ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a C1-18 monovalent hydrocarbon group.), R ² is R ^1, hydrogen An atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R ³ is R ¹ , R ² or — [O (R ⁸ O) _a ] _0.5 — group (where R ⁸ is alkylene having 1 to 18 carbon atoms) Group, a is an integer of 1 to 4), R ⁴ represents a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R ⁵ represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, x, y and z are numbers satisfying the relationship of x + y + 2z = 3, 0 ≦ x ≦ 3, 0 ≦ y ≦ 2, and 0 ≦ z ≦ 1. ]

[Wherein, L independently represents an alkanediyl group or alkenediyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms, x represents a number from 1 to 20, and y represents a number from 0 to 20. ] (B) The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the inorganic filler is silica. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein (a-1) the modified conjugated diene polymer is a modified aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer. A conjugated diene polymer having a polymerization active terminal is obtained by anionic polymerization of one or more conjugated diene compounds or one or more conjugated diene compounds and an aromatic vinyl compound using an organic alkali metal compound as a polymerization initiator. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 . The modifier I is at least one functional group selected from among those in which the functional group after hydrolysis treatment is an acidic functional group, and acidic functional groups in which protons are protected by a group that can be deprotected by hydrolysis. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , which is a compound having a functional group capable of concentrating filler surfaces. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10 , wherein the modifier I is a compound represented by the following general formula (3) or general formula (4).

[Wherein, R ¹³ and R ¹⁴ are each independently a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and A is a hydrocarbyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. R ¹⁵ is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X is a proton whose functional group after hydrolysis is an acidic functional group and whose group is deprotectable by hydrolysis. At least one functional group selected from among the acidic functional groups. ]

[Wherein, each R ¹³ independently represents a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and A represents a hydrocarbyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. R ¹⁵ is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X is a proton whose functional group after hydrolysis is an acidic functional group and whose group is deprotectable by hydrolysis. At least one functional group selected from among the acidic functional groups. ] (A-1) The modified conjugated diene polymer is obtained by binding a modifying group to the polymerization active terminal by a modification reaction and then adding a condensation accelerator to the reaction system. 11. The rubber composition according to any one of 11 above. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , wherein the diene-based synthetic rubber is a polyisoprene rubber. The rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13 , wherein the condensation accelerator is dry blended. A tire comprising the rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14 as a member. The tire according to claim 15 , wherein the member is a tread.