JP5668591B2 - Charge / discharge control method, charge / discharge control device, and vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a charge / discharge control method, a charge / discharge control device, and a vehicle that can contribute to stabilization of power quality.

  In a typical commercial power system as a power network, the power generation capacity of the power generation equipment is adjusted so that the voltage and frequency that are the power quality are within a predetermined range. Recently, in addition to the power generation facilities we own, external power generation facilities such as solar power generation and wind power generation are connected, and electric vehicles and plug-ins with large-capacity power storage devices (batteries) are installed. Hybrid vehicles are often connected. With such a drastic change in the power demand structure, it is expected that there will be a significant impact on the power quality that the power grid should maintain.

  For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are examples of techniques for stabilizing power quality in a unified management by an electric power company. Patent Document 1 discloses that an aggregator (power retailer) groups a large number of power consumers based on their power load data so that the peak power amount can be cut. In Patent Document 2, the power demand monitoring center controls to allow a surplus power to be accommodated from a customer in a group or from a customer in another group when the power consumption of a customer in a group may exceed a set value. It is disclosed.

JP 2004007856 A JP 2003-032887 A

  The technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 is a power quality stabilization technology by centralized management by an electric power company or the like, but when a large number of objects to be controlled (power load), various elements are coordinated. It is necessary, the control becomes complicated, and it becomes difficult to control everything centrally. In particular, the techniques of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 assume a fixed load in an individual house or business operator in a limited area as a charge / discharge target, and the load is mounted on a moving body such as a vehicle. In such a case, the number of loads and the capacity as well as the charging / discharging location will change greatly. In such a case, it is impossible to control power quality stabilization by centralized management. .

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a charge / discharge control method, a charge / discharge control device, and a vehicle that can stabilize power quality through cooperation between loads. It is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the following solution is adopted in the charge / discharge control method of the present invention. That is, as described in claim 1 in the claims,
A self-load charge / discharge control method connected to a power grid,
A first step of obtaining information about the power quality of the power grid;
A second step of obtaining information relating to a charge / discharge state of one or more other loads around the self-load;
A third step of presenting the choices of the charge / discharge conditions of the self-load determined based on the information on the power quality and the information on the charge / discharge state of the other load, together with the degree of contribution to power quality stabilization;
A fourth step of selecting one charge / discharge condition from the presented charge / discharge conditions;
A fifth step of charging / discharging the self-load based on the charging / discharging conditions selected in the fourth step;
It is supposed to be equipped with.

  According to the above solution, the self-loading user selects an arbitrary charging / discharging condition from the options that indicate the contribution to power quality stabilization, but greatly impairs his / her charging / discharging requirements. Unless it is, the selection of charge / discharge conditions that contribute as much as possible to the stabilization of power quality is encouraged. By such cooperation between the self-load and the other loads in the vicinity thereof, charging / discharging is performed in a preferable direction for stabilizing power quality in a certain narrow range. And by spreading such cooperation, the entire power network can stabilize power quality, that is, prevent or control power quality deterioration without centralized management of power companies, etc. Maintenance and improvement can also be achieved. In addition to the above, it is possible to select a wide range of other loads around the self-load, that is, to select a wide range of targets for power quality stabilization, and to increase opportunities for coordinated control to stabilize power quality. This is also preferable.

Preferred embodiments based on the above solution are as described in claims 2 to 6 in the claims. That is,
A sixth step of updating and presenting options for charging / discharging conditions of the self-load while performing charging / discharging to the self-load;
A seventh step of newly selecting one option from the options presented in the sixth step;
An eighth step of updating the charge / discharge conditions so as to charge / discharge the self-load based on the charge / discharge conditions selected in the seventh step;
Is further provided (corresponding to claim 2). In this case, it is possible to cope with changes in the charge / discharge state of other loads cooperating at any time, and to cooperate at a higher level, which is further preferable in terms of stabilizing power quality.

  When a charge / discharge condition that contributes to stabilization of power quality is selected, a reward is given to a self-loading user (corresponding to claim 3). In this case, it is urged to select a charge / discharge condition that contributes as much as possible to stabilization of power quality, which is further preferable in terms of stabilization of power quality.

  When the self-load cooperates with other loads and contributes to the stabilization of power quality, the user of the self-load and the user of the other loads are rewarded (corresponding to claim 4). In this case, not only the self-load but also other load users will benefit, so all users of the load connected to the power grid to charge and discharge more positively select charge / discharge conditions that contribute more to stabilizing power quality. Thus, it becomes more preferable in terms of stabilization of power quality.

  The self-load and the other load are each configured as a power storage device mounted on a vehicle (corresponding to claim 5). In this case, it is possible to actively capture moving load targets that are difficult to control in terms of power quality stabilization due to various usages, and contribute to power quality stabilization. it can. In addition, it is preferable to stabilize power quality while responding to charging / discharging requirements for vehicles equipped with power storage devices that tend to increase.

  The charging / discharging conditions include a charging place (corresponding to claim 6). In this case, the host vehicle can be guided to a place where the degree of contribution to stabilizing the power quality is high, that is, to a charging point where another vehicle that can contribute to stabilizing the power quality by cooperating exists.

In order to achieve the above object, the following solution is adopted in the charge / discharge control apparatus according to the present invention. That is, as described in claim 7 in the claims,
A self-load charge / discharge control device connected to a power grid,
Power quality acquisition means for obtaining information on the power quality of the power grid;
Charge / discharge state information obtaining means for obtaining information on the charge / discharge state of one or more other loads around the own load;
Charging / discharging condition presenting means for presenting options for charging / discharging conditions of the own load determined based on the information regarding the power quality and the information regarding the charging / discharging state of the other load, together with the degree of contribution to power quality stabilization,
Selecting means for selecting one charge / discharge condition from the presented charge / discharge conditions;
Charge / discharge control means for charging / discharging the self-load based on the charge / discharge conditions selected by the selection means;
It is supposed to be equipped with. According to the above solution, the same effect as that of the first aspect can be obtained.

In order to achieve the above object, the following solution is adopted in the vehicle according to the present invention. That is, as described in claim 8 in the claims,
A vehicle equipped with a power storage device that is charged and discharged with an electric power network,
Power quality acquisition means for obtaining information on the power quality of the power grid;
Charging / discharging state information obtaining means for obtaining information on charging / discharging states of one or more other loads around the vehicle;
Charging / discharging condition presenting means for presenting options for charging / discharging conditions for the power storage device determined based on the information regarding the power quality and the information regarding the charging / discharging state of the other load together with the degree of contribution to power quality stabilization When,
It is supposed to be equipped with. According to the above solution, the vehicle side can perform presentation of preferable charge / discharge conditions for stabilizing power quality, and is applied to the charge / discharge control method or the charge / discharge control device according to claim 1. What is preferred as a vehicle is provided.

A preferred mode based on the above solution is as described in claim 9 and subsequent claims. That is,
The vehicle further
Selecting means for selecting one charge / discharge condition from the presented charge / discharge conditions;
Charge / discharge control means for controlling to charge / discharge the power storage device based on the charge / discharge conditions selected by the selection means;
Is provided (corresponding to claim 9). In this case, the charge / discharge control method or the charge / discharge control apparatus according to claim 1 can be realized exclusively on the vehicle side.

  The other load is configured to be a power storage device for other vehicle that is mounted on the other vehicle and charged / discharged with the electric power network (corresponding to claim 10). In this case, it is preferable to stabilize power quality by cooperation between vehicles.

  According to the present invention, power quality can be stabilized by cooperation between loads without performing unified management by an electric power company or the like.

The figure which shows an example in which a vehicle charges with a charging stand. The figure which shows an example by which the cooperation state is comprised by the some vehicle. The figure which shows the example of presentation of charging / discharging conditions. The figure which shows the example of an electrical storage amount change for every time in a certain charging / discharging condition. The flowchart which shows the example of control of this invention.

  In FIG. 1, CH is a charging station that receives power from a power network (commercial power network in the embodiment), and V is a vehicle (for example, an electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid vehicle) that is charged at the charging station CH. The charging stand CH has a charging box 2 erected on the site 1. The charging box 2 has therein a charging device 3, a display screen 4 as display means, and a charge control means 5 for controlling them. A charging cord 6 extends from the charging device 3 to the outside, and is attachable to and detachable from an in-vehicle battery of the vehicle V (a large-capacity power storage device, for example, a lithium ion battery) at the tip of the charging cord 6. A charging plug 7 to be connected is attached. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the charging plug 7 is connected to the vehicle V for charging the in-vehicle battery. Various information necessary for charge control is exchanged between the charging station CH and the vehicle V via, for example, wireless communication or wired communication arranged along the charging cord 6. In FIG. 1, one charging station CH and one vehicle V are shown, but many such charging stations are installed, and charging to the vehicle is possible at each charging station (infrastructure maintenance). The charging station CH is intended to be charged to an unspecified number of people, is dedicated to individuals installed in private houses, and is also used in collective housing (condominiums) and business establishments for joint use by a specific number of people. Are included.

  The vehicle V has a navigation device, and its display screen is indicated by reference numeral 11. Further, the vehicle V includes a communication device 12 for performing wireless communication with the charging station CH and with other vehicles. The vehicle V includes a controller (control means) 13 that controls the display screen 11 and the communication device 12. As will be described later, the controller 13 controls stabilization of power quality in the power network. In the embodiment, the communication device 12 performs direct wireless communication (vehicle-to-vehicle communication) with other vehicles. However, the communication device 12 may perform communication via an information communication network such as the Internet. .

  FIG. 2 shows other vehicles C1 to C9 existing around the vehicle V shown in FIG. Other vehicles C <b> 1 to C <b> 9 have the same configuration as the vehicle V shown in FIG. 1, and can control power quality stabilization similarly to the vehicle V. Among the other vehicles C1 to C9, other vehicles that exist within a distance range (for example, a radius of 100 m) that can be directly communicated by the communication device 12 are indicated as C1 to C6, and the first cooperative group X1 includes the vehicle V and the other vehicles C1 to C6. Is formed. When the other vehicle C2 forming the first cooperative group X1 is viewed as the center (when the other vehicle C2 is viewed as the own vehicle), the other vehicle C2 is the vehicle V and the other vehicles C1, C3, C7 to C8 and Two cooperative groups X2 are formed. Similarly, the other vehicles C5 and C6 form a third cooperative group X3, and the other vehicles C8 and C9 form a fourth cooperative group X4. In this way, many cooperative groups are formed, and one vehicle is incorporated into one or a plurality of cooperative groups. In FIG. 2, the number of other vehicles is reduced for the sake of simplicity. That is, the number of vehicles forming one cooperative group is assumed to be several to several tens, but the number of vehicles is not particularly limited and may be one hundred or more. In addition, the charging / discharging place of each vehicle belongs to the same electric power network (the same electric power company).

  When attention is paid to the vehicle V as the host vehicle, the control of the power quality stabilization by the controller 13 is performed as follows. First, information about the power quality of the power grid is obtained. The power quality information can be obtained, for example, by detecting the self-end frequency or voltage of the power grid on the vehicle V side when the charging plug 7 is connected to the vehicle V, and the LFC signal (Load Frequency) from the power grid. You can know by receiving (Control). The LFC signal is a supply control signal. When the frequency of the power system fluctuates beyond the allowable range of the rated frequency, the LFC signal is supplied to each generator from the power supply station (central power supply command station) that detects the fluctuation. A control signal (output increase signal or output decrease signal) is transmitted, and the generator performs output adjustment based on the supply control signal to control (adjust) the frequency of the power system. In addition, when control based on detection information of the self-end frequency and voltage becomes narrow-area cooperation becomes wide-area, when vibration occurs in the charge / discharge state due to propagation delay or phase difference of charge / discharge control information By adopting control that takes into account the LFC signal transmitted from the system, vibration can be suppressed.

  Further, the vehicle V obtains information on the charge / discharge states of the other vehicles C1 to C6. Examples of the charge / discharge state include current SOC (amount of charge or charge rate), charge rate, charge / discharge schedule, charge / discharge request, and the like. The charging / discharging request may mean that the charging / discharging speed may or may not be reduced. For example, by considering the charging / discharging request, for example, the surrounding vehicle is charging and the charging timing of the own vehicle is reached. When there is room, it is possible to refrain from charging.

  The controller 13 of the vehicle V sets charging / discharging conditions based on the power quality information described above and the charging / discharging state information of the other vehicles C1 to C6. As this charging / discharging condition, it is set as charging / discharging time, charging / discharging speed | rate, and charging / discharging amount, for example. A plurality of charging / discharging conditions are set together with the degree of contribution to power quality stabilization. In the embodiment, a reward is given to the vehicle V in accordance with the degree of contribution to power quality stabilization. This reward is reflected in, for example, a power charge, and the higher the contribution, the cheaper the power charge. In other words, the lower the power price, the higher the contribution to power quality stabilization and the higher the reward (the power charge parameter is the contribution to and compensation for power quality stabilization. Both parameters)). In addition, the electric power price (electric power sales price) is both the current electric power price (obtained through communication) or the future electric power price (predicted from electric power quality information, charge / discharge status information of other loads and past electric power price results) Is included.

  The plurality of charging / discharging conditions are displayed on the display screen 11 of the vehicle V, and an example of the display is shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, as the charge / discharge conditions, four types A1 to A4 are shown in four stages from the upper stage to the lower stage. In each of the charge / discharge conditions A1 to A4, the displayed charge / discharge conditions include a system linkage method (indicating the number of neighboring other vehicles to be coordinated), a cost per unit power (power price), and charging up to the required storage amount. Time required for the selection and selection switches B1 to B4 (for example, constituted by touch panel switches).

  In the uppermost charging / discharging condition A1, it contributes most to the stabilization of power quality, and the charging time is the longest, while the power price is the cheapest. The contribution to power quality stabilization decreases from the top to the bottom, and charging is performed most quickly under the charge / discharge conditions of the top four, which are the bottom. Electricity prices are the most expensive, with the least contribution to stabilization.

  When presenting the charge / discharge conditions, the state of change of the charge / discharge amount for each time can be displayed in, for example, a line graph, and a display example is shown in FIG. In the example of FIG. 4, it corresponds to the uppermost charging / discharging condition A1 that contributes to stabilization of power quality in FIG. 3 and is charged to, for example, a storage amount of 100%, which is the required storage amount of the host vehicle V. After 8 hours. Then, the state of change in the amount of stored electricity until 8 hours elapses is shown in a continuously variable manner by, for example, a line graph. In the case of FIG. 4, the current storage amount is maintained until 2 hours elapses, and is discharged until 5 hours elapses after 2 hours elapses, and is charged after 5 hours elapses. The occupant of the vehicle V looks at the display as shown in FIG. 4 and, for example, if the scheduled use time of the next vehicle V is 7 hours later, the stored amount after 7 hours is the amount of stored electricity required for the next run. As long as the above condition is satisfied, the charge / discharge condition A1 is highly likely to be selected. Conversely, when the vehicle V is scheduled to be used after 3 hours and the vehicle is planned to travel a long distance, the amount of stored electricity has been reduced at the time when 3 hours have elapsed, so there is no room for selecting the charge / discharge condition A1. There will be almost nothing. The display as shown in FIG. 4 may be performed together with the display shown in FIG. 3, or a detailed request switch (not shown) is operated corresponding to each charge / discharge condition in FIG. 3 may be switched to the display of FIG. 4 (in this case, a switch for returning to the display of FIG. 3 is displayed in the display screen of FIG. 4). Just keep it.)

  Among the plurality of charge / discharge conditions A1 to A4 presented as shown in FIG. 3, the user (occupant of the vehicle V) selects any one of the charge / discharge conditions using the selection switches B1 to B4. The controller 13 controls to perform charging / discharging under the selected charging / discharging conditions. In this case, the controller 13 can directly control the selected charge / discharge conditions. In addition, the selected charging / discharging conditions are transmitted to the charging control device 5 of the charging station CH, and the charging device 3 is controlled to satisfy the selected charging / discharging conditions under the control of the charging control device 5. Also good.

  The charging / discharging conditions can be updated and selected sequentially during the charging / discharging according to the selected charging / discharging conditions. That is, for example, every time there is a change in the configuration of other vehicles belonging to the first cooperative group X1 to which the vehicle V belongs, and every time there is a significant change in the power quality information of the power grid, the power quality is again Information and charging / discharging state information of other vehicles, and newly creating and presenting a plurality of charging / discharging conditions as shown in FIG. 3 including the power quality contribution degree so as to select new charging / discharging conditions. Also good. By doing so, it is preferable to stabilize the power quality at a higher level. In addition, the charging / discharging conditions shown are not limited to four types as shown in FIG. 3, and can be an appropriate number of one to three types or five or more types.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a control example for stabilizing the lower power quality by the controller 13, and this flowchart will be described below. In the following description, Q indicates a step. First, in Q1, power quality information is read. Next, after communication with another vehicle is executed in Q2, the charge / discharge state information of the other vehicle is read in Q3.

  After Q3, in Q4, based on the power quality information obtained in Q1 and the charge / discharge information of other vehicles obtained in Q3, a plurality of charge / discharge conditions are created together with the contribution to power quality stabilization. Is presented on the display screen 11 (display shown in FIG. 3). Thereafter, in Q5, one charging / discharging condition selected from the presented charging / discharging conditions is determined (determination by operating the selection switches B1 to B4 shown in FIG. 3). Thereafter, in Q6, charging / discharging is performed under the charging / discharging conditions determined in Q4.

  After Q6, it is determined at Q7 whether or not charging / discharging has been completed. When the determination in Q7 is NO, the process of maintaining and changing the charge / discharge conditions during the execution of charge / discharge is performed by the processes of Q8 to Q11. That is, processing similar to Q1 is performed in Q8, processing similar to Q3 is performed in Q9, and processing similar to Q4 is performed in Q10. In addition, in Q11 corresponding to Q5, unless a new charge / discharge condition is selected, the charge / discharge conditions that have been performed so far are continued (maintained).

  After Q11, at Q12, it is determined whether charging / discharging has ended. If the determination in Q12 is NO, the process returns to Q6. If YES in Q12 or YES in Q7, the control is terminated.

  Thus, by selecting the charging / discharging condition that many vehicles belonging to the first cooperative group X1 contribute to the stabilization of the power quality as much as possible, the power quality can be stabilized in the first cooperative group X1. However, such cooperation spreads to other cooperation groups X2, X3, X4..., And as a result, power quality can be stabilized over a wide area. Moreover, since the charging / discharging conditions selected in the vehicle V do not regulate the charging / discharging conditions in the other vehicles C1 to C9, etc., even when many vehicles (loads) participate in the power quality stabilization system described above. It is extremely preferable.

Although the embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and can be appropriately changed within the scope described in the scope of claims. For example, the invention includes the following cases. .
(1) The vehicle as a moving body is not limited to automobiles (private vehicles, commercial vehicles including trucks, route buses, etc.), and power is transferred to and from the power grid such as trains including trams that run on tracks. The power storage device is not limited to the case where the vehicle is equipped with a power storage device, and the power storage device is not limited to being used for its own travel, but is a power supply vehicle for transferring power to and from other vehicles and other power storage devices. Etc., as appropriate. Further, the load (electric load) is not limited to a moving one, and may be a fixed installation.
(2) Remuneration may be distributed not only to the host vehicle but also to other vehicles that have contributed to power quality stabilization, depending on the degree of contribution. In particular, a vehicle that is to be discharged can be evaluated as having a high contribution to stabilizing power quality. Compensation may be performed based on the power purchase price, but for example, as a point system, the acquired points are stored and updated for each vehicle, so that points can be exchanged for money or goods, for example, as appropriate it can. The award is not limited to economic benefits, and can be set as appropriate, for example, by making the charging facility available preferentially (for example, only a person having a certain reward at a certain charging station can use it).
(3) The power demand forecast value for each time of each day of 365 days a year is included in the power quality information, and the power supply and demand state from the present to a predetermined time later is predicted based on this power demand forecast value Thus, setting the charge / discharge conditions is more preferable in terms of stabilizing power quality. In addition, the charge / discharge state information of other vehicles includes information on the charge / discharge amount of other vehicles at each time in order to set more accurate charge / discharge conditions in order to stabilize power quality. This is preferable.
(4) All functions (equipment and computer program) necessary for power quality stabilization may be provided on the vehicle V side, or may be provided on the charging station CH side. You may make it provide in both the charge stand CH side, Furthermore, while providing a part function on the vehicle V side, you may make it provide the remaining functions in the charge stand CH side.
(5) The object of the present invention is not limited to what is explicitly stated, but also implicitly includes providing what is substantially preferred or expressed as an advantage.

  The present invention is suitable as a technique for stabilizing the power quality of a power network.

CH: Charging stand 2: Charging box 3: Charging device 4: Display screen 5: Charging control device 6: Charging cord 7: Charging plug V: Vehicle (own vehicle)
11: Display screen 12: Communication device 13: Controller

Claims (10)

A self-load charge / discharge control method connected to a power grid,
A first step of obtaining information about the power quality of the power grid;
A second step of obtaining information relating to a charge / discharge state of one or more other loads around the self-load;
A third step of presenting the choices of the charge / discharge conditions of the self-load determined based on the information on the power quality and the information on the charge / discharge state of the other load, together with the degree of contribution to power quality stabilization;
A fourth step of selecting one charge / discharge condition from the presented charge / discharge conditions;
A fifth step of charging / discharging the self-load based on the charging / discharging conditions selected in the fourth step;
A charge / discharge control method comprising: In claim 1,
A sixth step of updating and presenting options for charging / discharging conditions of the self-load while performing charging / discharging to the self-load;
A seventh step of newly selecting one option from the options presented in the sixth step;
An eighth step of updating the charge / discharge conditions so as to charge / discharge the self-load based on the charge / discharge conditions selected in the seventh step;
The charge / discharge control method further comprising: In claim 1 or claim 2,
A charge / discharge control method characterized in that a reward is given to a self-loading user when a charge / discharge condition that contributes to stabilizing power quality is selected. In claim 3,
A charge / discharge control method, wherein when a self-load cooperates with another load and contributes to stabilization of power quality, a reward is given to a user of the self-load and a user of the other load. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4,
The self-load and the other load are each a power storage device mounted on a vehicle. In claim 5,
The charging / discharging control method characterized by including a charging place as said charging / discharging conditions. A self-load charge / discharge control device connected to a power grid,
Power quality acquisition means for obtaining information on the power quality of the power grid;
Charge / discharge state information obtaining means for obtaining information on the charge / discharge state of one or more other loads around the own load;
Charging / discharging condition presenting means for presenting options for charging / discharging conditions of the own load determined based on the information regarding the power quality and the information regarding the charging / discharging state of the other load, together with the degree of contribution to power quality stabilization,
Selecting means for selecting one charge / discharge condition from the presented charge / discharge conditions;
Charge / discharge control means for charging / discharging the self-load based on the charge / discharge conditions selected by the selection means;
A charge / discharge control device comprising: A vehicle equipped with a power storage device that is charged and discharged with an electric power network,
Power quality acquisition means for obtaining information on the power quality of the power grid;
Charging / discharging state information obtaining means for obtaining information on charging / discharging states of one or more other loads around the vehicle;
Charging / discharging condition presenting means for presenting options for charging / discharging conditions for the power storage device determined based on the information regarding the power quality and the information regarding the charging / discharging state of the other load together with the degree of contribution to power quality stabilization When,
A vehicle comprising: In claim 8,
The vehicle further
Selecting means for selecting one charge / discharge condition from the presented charge / discharge conditions;
Charge / discharge control means for controlling to charge / discharge the power storage device based on the charge / discharge conditions selected by the selection means;
A vehicle comprising: In claim 8 or claim 9,
A vehicle characterized in that the other load is a power storage device for another vehicle that is mounted on the other vehicle and is charged / discharged to / from the power grid.

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