JP5668104B2 - Waterproof structure and waterproofing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a waterproof structure and a waterproof method for a building having a waterproof layer on a building frame and having a plurality of protective plates on the waterproof layer.

  When a large area such as a roof (or rooftop floor) of a concrete building or a parking lot floor is covered with a continuous concrete layer, cracks occur in the continuous concrete layer due to expansion and contraction due to temperature changes of the outside air. Therefore, conventionally, when a waterproof layer is constructed on the roof (or rooftop floor) or parking lot floor surface, and the top is covered with a protective concrete layer, the protective concrete layer for coating is divided into small sections. In many cases, a large number of protective concrete boards (for example, PC concrete boards) are spread with a space between each other, joints are formed between adjacent protective concrete boards, and the joints are filled with a stretch joint material. It has been implemented.

  In order to repair the aging deterioration of the waterproof layer on the roof or floor surface of such a building, a technique for further covering a waterproof cover from above the protective concrete layer has been proposed. For example, a joint cover that straddles the joint part is fixed to the surface of the protective concrete, and a ventilation cushioning sheet is applied from above, and a urethane waterproof material is generally applied (Patent Document 1), or a thin steel plate There has been proposed a method (Patent Document 2) in which a jointed composite sheet composed of an adhesive layer is adhered to a joint part and the surface of a protective concrete layer in the vicinity thereof, and a waterproof cover is generally provided thereon.

  In both of the methods described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, although the joint cover (or joint composite sheet) provided across the joint part contains a rigid material, the joint cover is bonded to the surface of the protective concrete layer. Therefore, the waterproof cover covered from above the joint cover is directly affected by the strain of the expansion and contraction stress of the adjacent protective concrete layer, and there is a drawback that the waterproof cover is easily broken. Also, in waterproofing renovation work, it is common to remove the old joint material and fill it with new joint material before providing a joint cover. At that time, the joint material is in a viscous state before the joint material is dried. When the cover is provided, the entire back surface of the joint cover is tightly bonded to the joint material and the surface of the protective concrete layer, and the effect of the joint portion that relieves the stretching stress caused by the protective concrete layer can be applied to the waterproof cover. As a result, the waterproof cover is more easily broken. Further, if the joint cover is laid after the joint material has dried, there is a drawback that the construction period becomes longer. In addition, when the joint cover and the waterproof cover were provided as a waterproof reinforcement work at the time of new construction, not as a waterproof repair work, there were similar drawbacks.

JP 2009-215732 A JP 2008-95421 A

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof structure and a waterproof method that eliminates the disadvantages of the prior art for a building having a waterproof layer on a building housing and having a plurality of protective plates on the waterproof layer. Is to provide.

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problem is a waterproof structure of a building having a waterproof layer on a building housing and having a plurality of protective plates on the waterproof layer,
(1) A non-adhesive surface on one surface, a joint formed between adjacent protective plates or a boundary between adjacent protective plates, and a protective plate edge adjacent to the joint or boundary A rigid cover that touches and completely covers the non-adhesive surface side,
(2) It includes a base sheet layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer carried on one surface thereof, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contacts from above the rigid cover and the protective plate adhesive regions on both sides of the rigid cover. A protective sheet comprising: a fixing sheet that adheres the rigid cover to the surface of the protective plate; and (3) a waterproof coating layer provided on the entire surface of the fixed cover and on the surface of the protective plate. It can be solved by the waterproof structure of the building.

Further, the present invention is a waterproofing method for a building having a waterproof layer on a building housing, and having a plurality of protective plates on the waterproof layer,
(1) By a rigid cover having a non-adhesive surface on one surface, a joint portion formed between adjacent protective plates or a boundary portion between adjacent protective plates, and a protective plate edge adjacent to the joint portion or the boundary portion Placing the rigid cover so as to completely cover the portion with the non-adhesive surface side of the rigid cover so as to completely cover the portion,
(2) The pressure-sensitive adhesive from above the entire surface of the rigid cover and the protective plate adhesive regions on both sides of the rigid cover by a fixing sheet including a base sheet layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer carried on one surface thereof. Adhering the layers in contact with each other and fixing the rigid cover to the surface of the protective plate, and (3) providing a waterproof coating layer on the entire surface of the fixed cover and the surface of the protective plate. The invention also relates to a waterproofing method for a building with a protective plate.

In this specification, the “joint portion” or “joint” means a gap or gap formed between adjacent protective plates (for example, protective concrete plates), and the “joint portion” or “joint” The filler to be filled is referred to as “joint material”.
In addition, the “non-adhesive surface” simply means a surface that does not carry a pressure-sensitive adhesive or adhesive in order to clarify the difference from the pressure-sensitive adhesive-carrying joint cover in the prior art. The normal surface of a metal plate or plastic plate is a non-adhesive surface. As will be described later, the peelable surface is a preferred embodiment of the non-adhesive surface.

  In the present invention, the rigid cover straddling (installed straddling) the joint portion has a non-adhesive surface, and contacts the protective plate (and possibly the joint material) on the non-adhesive surface side. Therefore, the rigid cover is not attached to the surface of the protective plate (and joint material in some cases). Therefore, the strain of the expansion and contraction stress of the adjacent protective plate is absorbed by the joint portion, and the influence of the strain does not reach the rigid cover. In addition, the fixed sheet and waterproof coating layer attached from above the rigid cover can absorb the strain of the expansion and contraction stress of the adjacent protective plate by the width of the rigid cover wider than the joint width. Therefore, the waterproof coating layer is further hardly broken.

  Further, in the present invention, since the rigid cover has a non-adhesive surface, the old joint material is removed and a new one is removed in waterproofing repair work such as a roof of a building (or a roof floor) or a parking lot floor. When filling the joint material, even if the new joint material straddles the rigid cover in a viscous non-dry state, the non-dry joint material is not adhered to the back of the rigid cover, and the non-adhesive state is maintained. Since it can be guaranteed, it is not necessary to dry a new joint material, and the construction period can be shortened. Furthermore, even in waterproof new construction work such as a roof (or roof floor surface) or a parking lot floor surface of a building having the same structure as described above, it is not necessary to dry new joint materials, and the construction period can be shortened.

It is typical sectional drawing which shows one embodiment of the waterproof structure by this invention. It is a typical top view which shows a part of formation method of the waterproof structure of FIG. It is typical sectional drawing which shows another embodiment of the waterproof structure by this invention.

  1 and 3 are mainly intended to explain the layered structure of the waterproof structure of the present invention, the thickness of each layer is exaggerated, and the relative ratio of the thickness of each layer is not accurate. . FIG. 2 also mainly shows a part of the method for forming the waterproof structure according to the present invention, so that the width of the joint portion and the width of the rigid cover and the fixing sheet are exaggerated, and those The relative ratio of widths is also not accurate.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 and 3 are cross-sectional views schematically showing a state in which the waterproof structure 10 according to the present invention is laid on the roof (or roof floor surface) of a concrete building, and FIG. 2 is a waterproof structure 10 of FIG. It is a top view which shows typically a part of process of laying. A waterproof structure 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes a rigid cover 1, a fixed sheet 2, and a waterproof coating layer 3.

First, typical aspects of the roof or floor of a building to which the waterproof structure or waterproof method according to the present invention can be applied will be described.
As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2 (a), generally on the roof (or rooftop surface) of a concrete building, on the housing | casing part 7 (for example, the concrete 7 or foundation concrete), the waterproof layer 71 ( For example, an asphalt waterproofing layer) is provided, and a large number of protective plates 5 (for example, protective concrete plates) are laid thereon. Further, an elastic joint material 61 is provided on the joint portion 6 between the protective plates 5a and 5b. Fill. Each protective plate 5 is often made of the same material, but may be made of different materials. When the waterproof layer 71 has deteriorated over time, there is a repair method in which the waterproof layer 71, the protective plate 5, and the joint material 61 are all replaced. However, as shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, the existing waterproof It is also widely adopted to perform waterproof repair work on the layer 71, the protective plate 5, and the joint material 61. A typical application example of the waterproof structure or waterproof method of the present invention is used for such waterproof repair work.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, the edge part of the roof (or rooftop floor surface) of many concrete buildings, the installation part of a rooftop facility, etc. have the wall part standing from a floor surface, and the waterproof layer 71 (For example, an asphalt waterproof layer) is also provided on the surface of the standing wall portion, so that, for example, a protective mortar plate is applied to the surface of the standing waterproof layer 71A as the protective wall portion 5A that is a protection plate. It is generally implemented. The protective plate 5 laid in parallel to the floor surface and the protective wall portion 5A provided on the surface of the standing waterproof layer 71A are often made of different materials, so there are strains due to temperature changes. In many cases, both are directly brought into contact with each other at the boundary portion 6A. Since the standing waterproof layer 71A also deteriorates with age like the other flat waterproof layers 71, a waterproof repair work is required, and the waterproof structure or waterproof method of the present invention is also used for the waterproof repair work for such a structure. be able to.
The structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is widely used, for example, on the roof of a concrete building, roof, veranda, floor of a parking lot, etc., and the present invention can be applied to these arbitrary buildings. it can.

Next, the waterproof structure and waterproof method of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2A, a state before applying the waterproof structure and the waterproof method of the present invention is that a large number of protective plates 51, 52, 53, 54 are laid, and the adjacent protective plates 51, 53 and the adjacent protection A joint portion 6 a is formed between the plates 52 and 54, and a joint portion 6 b is formed between the adjacent protective plates 51 and 52 and the adjacent protective plates 53 and 54. In the waterproofing method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2B, first, the rigid covers 1A, 1B, 1C are attached to the protective plates 51, 52 so as to completely cover all the joint portions 6a, 6b. , 53, 54. Thus, as shown in FIG. 1, the rigid cover 1 is placed on the protective plate edge C of the protective plate 5a and the protective plate edge C of the adjacent protective plate 5b, and the joint portion 6 is completely covered. Can be covered.

  In the rigid cover used in the present invention, the surface in contact with the protective plate is a non-adhesive surface that does not carry an adhesive or an adhesive, and the rigid cover itself is directly attached to the protective plate. There is no. Further, in the present invention, the peelable surface carrying the release agent can be a non-adhesive surface, and when it has a peelable surface as the non-adhesive surface, it is a viscous non-dry joint material. Even if the rigid cover is placed on the joint part filled with, the rigid cover does not adhere firmly to the joint material. Will not be affected.

  The material of the rigid cover is not limited as long as the shape can be maintained in the waterproof structure and waterproof method of the present invention, and can typically be made of a metal plate (for example, a steel plate or an aluminum plate) or a plastic plate. . Since the shape of the rigid cover in the longitudinal direction extends over the joint portion, it is appropriately changed along the shape of the joint portion. For example, when applied to the linear joint shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rigid cover is also made into a band, for example, a circular or elliptical joint formed around a circular or elliptical roof planting part. When applied to the part, it may be arcuate. The length of the rigid cover in the length direction can also be adjusted as appropriate. Further, the width of the rigid cover may be a flat plate as shown in FIG. 1 or a shape inclined to both sides with the central portion at the top as in the joint cover described in Patent Document 1 (inverse cross-section V). Character shape).

The rigidity and thickness of the rigid cover are not particularly limited as long as the shape can be maintained in the waterproof structure and waterproof method of the present invention. For example, the rigidity is 15 N / mm ^{2 to} 50 N / mm ² and the thickness is It is preferable that it is 0.1 mm-0.5 mm. The lower limit of the width of the rigid cover is not particularly limited as long as it is wider than the joint portion width V (see FIG. 1) and can be placed on the adjacent protective plate across the joint portion. Also, the upper limit of the width is not particularly limited, but if the width exceeds 10 times the joint width V (see FIG. 1), an increase in the effect due to the increase in cost is hardly recognized. Referring to FIG. 1, the relationship between the width of the rigid cover 1 and the width V of the joint portion 6 will be described. The width C of the region where the rigid cover 1 contacts the protective plates 5a and 5b is V / 5 to 5V. It is preferable and it is more preferable that it is V / 2-2V.

  In the present invention, after straddling the rigid cover, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 (c), the fixing sheet 2 from above the rigid cover 1 and the protective plate adhesive areas A, A on both sides of the rigid cover 1. Affix. The fixing sheet 2 includes a base material sheet layer 21 and an adhesive layer 22 supported on one surface thereof, and the adhesive layer 22 is provided on the exposed (upper) surface of the rigid cover 1 and the protective plate surface. Since the adhesive regions A and A are attached so as to be in contact with each other, the rigid cover 1 can be fixed to the surface of the protective plate 5.

  The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the fixing sheet is not particularly limited as long as it is a pressure-sensitive adhesive having excellent adhesion to the protective plate and the rigid cover. For example, an acrylic polymer-based, butyl rubber-based, or rubber asphalt-based pressure-sensitive adhesive can be used. . Also, the base sheet layer of the fixing sheet is not particularly limited as long as it has the physical properties capable of supporting the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and capable of pressing and fixing the rigid cover to the protective plate. A film or a non-woven fabric can be used. The thickness of the fixing sheet is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 mm to 2.0 mm.

  The lower limit of the width of the fixed sheet is not particularly limited as long as it is wider than the width of the rigid cover and the rigid cover can be fixed to the protective plate. Also, the upper limit of the width is not particularly limited, but if the width exceeds 10 times the rigid cover width “V + 2C” (see FIG. 1), an increase in the effect due to the increase in cost is hardly recognized. Referring to FIG. 1, the relationship between the width of the fixed sheet 2 and the width of the rigid cover “V + 2C” will be described. The width A of the adhesive region where the adhesive layer 22 of the fixed sheet 2 is in contact with the protective plates 5a and 5b is When S = (V + 2C), S / 5 to 5S is preferable, and S / 2 to 2S is more preferable.

  In this invention, after fixing a fixing sheet, as shown in FIG. 1, the waterproof coating layer 3 is provided in the whole area | region of the waterproof construction object area. As the waterproof coating layer, any known material conventionally used can be used, for example, a urethane waterproof material or an asphalt waterproof material can be used, and further, a waterproof coating film, a waterproof sheet, Alternatively, a combination thereof, or a laminate thereof can be used.

Next, a waterproof structure 10A according to another aspect of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 will be described.
In the state before applying the waterproof structure and waterproof method of the present invention, the lower part of the surface of the standing waterproof layer 71A is protected by the end surface of the end protection plate 5 laid in parallel to the floor surface, and the others. Since the upper part is protected by the protective wall part 5A, a boundary part 6A between the terminal protective plate 5 and the protective wall part 5A is formed. Since the end protection plate 5 and the protection wall portion 5A are made of different materials from each other, the degree of expansion and contraction accompanying a change in temperature is different, so that cracks occur over time.

  In this invention, as shown in FIG. 3, it arrange | positions so that the top part of L-shaped rigid cover 1A may contact | abut to the boundary part 6A. Here, the outer surface of the L-shaped rigid cover 1A (the two surfaces forming the 270 ° of the L-shaped cross section on the opposite side to the two surfaces forming the 90 ° of the L-shaped cross section) is the protective plate edge C and It arrange | positions so that the edge part C of 5 A of protective walls may be contacted. Therefore, the outer surface of the L-shaped rigid cover 1A is a non-adhesive surface.

  The L-shaped rigid cover is also made of the same material as the flat rigid cover used in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and preferably has the same rigidity and thickness. Even if the horizontal side of the L-shaped rigid cover (side that contacts the end protection plate 5) and the vertical side of the L-shaped rigid cover (side that contacts the protective wall 5A) have the same length, they are different from each other. However, it is preferable that the lengths are approximately equal. Each of the horizontal side and the vertical side is preferably 1 cm to 20 cm, more preferably 5 cm to 15 cm.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, subsequently, the fixing sheet 2A is stuck. The fixed sheet 2A also includes a base sheet layer and an adhesive layer carried on one surface thereof, and the adhesive layer is an adhesive surface of the rigid cover 1A, and the protective plate 5 and the protective wall portion 5A. Since it sticks so that it may contact area | regions A and A, the said L-shaped rigid cover 1A can be fixed to the surface of the protection board 5 and the protection wall part 5A. The fixed sheet 2A used in the mode shown in FIG. 3 can be the same sheet as the fixed sheet used in the mode shown in FIGS.

  Also in the aspect shown in FIG. 3, the lower limit of the width of the fixing sheet is not particularly limited as long as it is wider than the width of the L-shaped rigid cover and the L-shaped rigid cover 1 </ b> A can be fixed to the protective plate and the protective wall. Further, the upper limit of the width is not particularly limited, but when the width exceeds 2 times the width “2C” (see FIG. 3) of the L-shaped rigid cover 1A, almost no increase in effect due to an increase in cost is recognized. Referring to FIG. 3, the relationship between the width of the fixed sheet 2A and the width “C” of one side of the L-shaped rigid cover 1A will be described. The adhesive layer of the fixed sheet 2A is connected to the protective plate 5 or the protective wall 5A. The width A of the adhesive region to be contacted is preferably C / 5 to 5C, and more preferably C / 2 to 2C.

  The waterproof structure and waterproofing method of the present invention can be applied to the waterproof repair work as long as it is a building having a waterproof layer on a building frame and a plurality of protective plates on the waterproof layer. It can also be applied to new buildings.

  The present invention provides a waterproof structure and a waterproof method that eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art for a building having a waterproof layer on a building housing and having a plurality of protective plates on the waterproof layer.

1 ... Rigid cover; 1A ... L-shaped rigid cover; 2, 2A ... Fixed sheet;
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 ... Waterproof coating layer; 5 ... Protection board; 5A ... Protection wall; 6 ... Joint part;
6A ... boundary part; 7 ... housing part; 10, 10A ... waterproof structure;
21 ... base material sheet layer; 22 ... adhesive layer; 61 ... joint material; 71 ... waterproofing layer;
A: Width of adhesive region; C: Width of protective plate edge; V: Width of joint.

Claims (2)

A waterproof structure of a building having a waterproof layer on the building enclosure and having a plurality of protective plates on the waterproof layer,
(1) A non-adhesive surface on one surface, a joint formed between adjacent protective plates or a boundary between adjacent protective plates, and a protective plate edge adjacent to the joint or boundary A rigid cover that touches and completely covers the non-adhesive surface side,
(2) It includes a base sheet layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer carried on one surface thereof, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contacts from above the rigid cover and the protective plate adhesive regions on both sides of the rigid cover. A protective sheet comprising: a fixing sheet that adheres to the surface of the protective plate, and (3) a waterproof coating layer provided on the entire surface of the fixing sheet and the protective plate surface. Waterproof structure. A waterproofing method for a building having a waterproof layer on the building housing and having a plurality of protective plates on the waterproof layer,
(1) By a rigid cover having a non-adhesive surface on one surface, a joint portion formed between adjacent protective plates or a boundary portion between adjacent protective plates, and a protective plate edge adjacent to the joint portion or the boundary portion Placing the rigid cover so as to completely cover the portion with the non-adhesive surface side of the rigid cover so as to completely cover the portion,
(2) The pressure-sensitive adhesive from above the entire surface of the rigid cover and the protective plate adhesive regions on both sides of the rigid cover by a fixing sheet including a base sheet layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer carried on one surface thereof. And a step of adhering the rigid cover to the surface of the protective plate, and (3) providing a waterproof coating layer on the entire surface of the fixing sheet and the surface of the protective plate. A waterproofing method for buildings with protective plates.

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