JP5661700B2 - Raw material crushing device and raw material crushing system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a raw material crushing apparatus and a raw material crushing system that process waste materials such as insulators into recycled materials, for example.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, in power relations, insulators attached to utility poles, steel towers and the like for insulating and supporting electric wires are known. At present, most of this insulator is disposed of. However, this disposal measure is an important issue that must be considered in order to maintain a rich global environment, such as dealing with the depletion of industrial waste disposal sites and the reuse of valuable resources.

  Therefore, in recent years, industrial waste such as insulators has been reused from the viewpoint of effective use of resources. Generally, an insulator has a structure in which a metal body such as a cap is provided on an insulator body made of earthenware or the like. When this insulator is used, it is separated into an insulator body and a metal fitting. The insulator body is reused as a road pavement material, a pebble or a flower pot appreciation material in a crushed state (hereinafter referred to as a crushed insulator), and the metal fittings are reused as metal products.

  Moreover, as a crushing apparatus which crushes a raw material, for example, a cone crusher is well-known (for example, refer patent document 1). The cone crusher includes a frustoconical mantle that is driven to rotate, and a cone cave that is fixed so as to cover the mantle, and a material formed in a gap formed between the outer peripheral surface of the mantle and the inner peripheral surface of the cone cave. It is made to bite and crush.

JP 2004-330155 A

  The crushing device described in Patent Document 1 has a structure in which a raw material is crushed while being lowered along a gap formed between an outer peripheral surface of a mantle and an inner peripheral surface of a cone cave. Moreover, the clearance gap of the crushing apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is linear in the vertical direction (the direction in which the raw material moves). For this reason, when crushing a long crushing insulator using the crushing device of patent documents 1, it is in the crevice between the outer peripheral surface of a mantle, and the inner peripheral surface of a cone cave in the state where the crushing insulator turned up and down. When entering, the crushing insulator passes through the gap in a state of being directed in the vertical direction, and it is difficult to crush the long insulator into pebbles.

  As a result, the crushing insulator has a non-uniform granular shape with various shapes and sizes. At present, long insulators cannot be reused as road paving materials and are discarded. In addition, when it is desired to use the crushed insulator as a pebble for the exterior or the ornamental material of the flower pot, it is necessary to make it finer and make the grain substantially uniform, and a very complicated special crushing operation is required.

  The present invention relates to a raw material crushing apparatus and a raw material crushing system capable of efficiently and stably crushing a raw material into a predetermined shape and size when reusing waste materials (raw materials) such as crushing insulators intended for mass production. The purpose is to provide.

The solution provided by the present invention includes an outer cone supported by a gantry, an inner cone arranged in the outer cone, and a drive unit that rotates the inner cone, and the outer cone and the inner cone In the raw material crushing apparatus for crushing the raw material through the gap formed between the first crushing gap provided in the vertical direction so that the raw material passes from the upper side to the lower side, the first bent radially outward direction of the inner cone against crushing gap and a second crushing gap communicating with the first crushing gap, the second crushing gap, radially outward direction of the outer cone Between the peripheral surface of the base and the bottom surface of the expanded portion of the inner cone. Before Reservoir for storing a raw material, is formed to communicate with the second crushing gap, the lower surface of the enlarged diameter portion, scraper plate facing the reservoir is provided at the bottom of the lower frame, the A discharge port communicating with the reservoir portion is formed, and the scraping plate rotating together with the inner cone is configured to discharge the scraped raw material in the reservoir portion to the outside of the gantry through the discharge port. is there.

  In the raw material crushing apparatus of the present invention, the long crushing insulator that has entered the first crushing gap cannot pass through the bent portion with the second crushing gap (the length of the crushing insulator passes through the bent portion). Therefore, the movement to the second crushing gap is restricted. Furthermore, since the long raw material pushed into the subsequent raw material tries to move to the second crushing gap by the pushing force, it can be appropriately broken at the bent portion and shortened, and can pass through the second crushing gap. It becomes. As described above, the long raw material is appropriately crushed into a size and a shape when passing through the second crushing gap from the first crushing gap.

  In the raw material crushing apparatus of the present invention, the gap is provided in the vertical direction so that the raw material passes from the upper side to the lower side. In such a case, the raw material can be sequentially moved to the first crushing gap and the second crushing gap by its own weight. As a result, a dedicated device for passing the raw material from above to below becomes unnecessary, and the entire device can be reduced in size.

  In the raw material crushing apparatus of the present invention, a stirring space portion in which the charged raw material is stirred is provided above the first crushing gap. In such a case, the raw material can be efficiently moved to the first crushing gap by stirring in the stirring space.

  The raw material crushing system of the present invention comprises a primary crushing device for preliminarily crushing a raw material in advance and a raw material crushing device according to claim 1 as a secondary crushing device. The raw material thus obtained is further crushed by the secondary crushing apparatus.

  In the present invention, after roughly crushing waste materials such as crushed insulators as raw materials in the primary crushing apparatus in advance, the roughly crushed waste materials are crushed by the secondary crushing apparatus. When the waste material is reused, the waste material can be efficiently and stably crushed into a predetermined shape and size. As a result, in the raw material crushing system of the present invention, the crushing insulator that has passed through the secondary crushing device can be reused as a road pavement material, a pebble for exterior or flower pot ornamental material.

  In the present invention, the gap formed between the outer cone and the inner cone is bent in the radially outward direction or the radially inward direction of the inner cone with respect to the first crushing gap and the first crushing gap. Since the second crushing gap communicating with the 1 crushing gap is provided, the raw material such as the insulator can be efficiently and stably crushed into a predetermined shape and size.

It is the schematic of the recycling recycling system of the insulator scrap which concerns on embodiment of the crushing system of the raw material of this invention. It is a front view containing the partial cross section of the secondary crushing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view including the partial fracture | rupture which shows the inner cone and lower stand of the secondary crushing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the state which crushes a crushing insulator with a secondary crushing apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the space | interval adjustment of an outer cone and an inner cone. It is the cross-sectional perspective view which looked at the outer cone from the bottom. It is a perspective view which shows an inner cone. A crushing insulator is shown, (a) is a perspective view of the elongate insulator crushed with the primary crushing apparatus, (b) is a perspective view of the crushing insulator crushed with the secondary crushing apparatus. It is a front view including the partial fracture | rupture of the crushing apparatus of the raw material which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the crushing apparatus of the raw material which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIGS. 1-8 shows one Embodiment which employ | adopted the crushing system of the raw material of this invention for the reproduction | regeneration recycling system of the eggplant waste.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a recycling recycling system 1 for eggplant scraps, and FIG. 2 is a front view including a partial cross section of the secondary crushing apparatus 20.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the recycling recycling system 1 for eggplant waste includes a receiving hopper 2, a primary crushing device 10, a magnetic separator 11, a secondary crushing device 20, a continuous polishing device 70, a sieve. Machine 71.

  The receiving hopper 2 primarily crushes the insulator scrap 5 accumulated in a predetermined place. The primary crushing device 10 includes a jaw crusher that crushes the insulator scrap 5 conveyed from the receiving hopper 2 via the conveyor device 3. The primary crushing apparatus 10 crushes the insulator scrap 5 between a fixed jaw fixed vertically and a swing jaw swinging back and forth while fixing one end, and is well known in the art. The primary crushing apparatus 10 roughly crushes the insulator scrap into the granular crushing insulator 6 having a diameter of 60 mm to 100 mm, for example.

  The secondary crushing device 20 is composed of a cone crusher that further crushes the crushing insulator 6 crushed by the primary crushing device 10 into, for example, a granular shape of 25 mm or less. In addition, before the crushing insulator 6 is discharged | emitted from the primary crushing apparatus 10 and conveyed to the secondary crushing apparatus 20, a metal separator 11 isolate | separates a metal fitting. As shown in FIG. 2, the secondary crushing device 20 includes an outer cone 21, an inner cone 22 disposed in the outer cone 21, a drive unit 40 that rotates the inner cone 22, the outer cone 21, and the inner cone. And a gantry 50 that supports the pallet 22.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view including a partially broken view showing the inner cone 22 and the lower pedestal 51, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part in a state of crushing the crushing insulator with the secondary crushing apparatus 20, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the main parts of the outer cone 21 and the inner cone 22, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional perspective view of the outer cone 21 as viewed from the bottom.

  The outer cone 21 is formed of a cylindrical body whose upper and lower surfaces are opened and whose central portion penetrates, and a first outer peripheral surface 21a composed of a tapered inclined surface whose diameter decreases downward, and a first outer From a second outer peripheral surface 21b composed of a vertical concave peripheral surface extending downward from the peripheral surface 21a, and a tapered inclined surface extending from the lower end of the second outer peripheral surface 21b in the radially outward direction of the outer cone 21 And a third outer peripheral surface 21c.

  A linear welding material 28 is welded in the vertical direction on the first outer peripheral surface 21a, the second outer peripheral surface 21b, and the third outer peripheral surface 21c for the purpose of wear resistance.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the inner cone 22. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the inner cone 22 includes a tapered body portion 23 whose diameter decreases upward, a vertical body portion 24 that continues downward from the tapered body portion 23, and an inner portion that extends from the vertical body portion 24. The cone 22 includes a diameter-expanding portion 25 that expands radially outward. The surface of the tapered body portion 23 becomes the first inner peripheral surface 23a, the surface of the vertical body portion 24 becomes the second inner peripheral surface 24a made of a convex peripheral surface, and the tapered inclined surface of the enlarged diameter portion 25 is the first. 3 becomes the inner peripheral surface 25a.

  Between the inner peripheral surface of the outer cone 21 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cone 22, a crushing space 30 is formed for biting and crushing the crushing insulator 6. That is, an agitation space 30 a is formed between the first inner peripheral surface 23 a of the inner cone 22 and the first outer peripheral surface 21 a of the outer cone 21, in which mainly the crushing insulator 6 is agitated.

  Between the second inner peripheral surface 24a of the inner cone 22 and the second outer peripheral surface 21b of the outer cone 21, a cylindrical first crushing gap 30b communicating with the lower portion of the stirring space 30a is formed.

  A second crushing gap 30 c that communicates with the lower part of the first crushing gap 30 b is formed between the third inner peripheral face 25 a of the inner cone 22 and the third outer peripheral face 21 c of the outer cone 21. The first crushing gap 30b and the second crushing gap 30c are formed to be bent, and the communication part between the first crushing gap 30b and the second crushing gap 30c is an obtuse bent part 30d. Preferably, the bending angle α between the first crushing gap 30b and the second crushing gap 30c has a relationship of 90 degrees <α <150 degrees (see FIG. 5).

  A linear welding material 31 is welded in the vertical direction on the first inner peripheral surface 23a, the second inner peripheral surface 24a, and the third inner peripheral surface 25a for the purpose of wear resistance.

  On the upper part of the inner cone 22, a stirring blade 27 is provided so as to face the stirring space 30 a, and the stirring blade 27 rotates integrally with the inner cone 22.

  The drive unit 40 includes an inner cone drive motor that rotates the inner cone 22 at a predetermined speed. The upper part of the drive unit 40 is fixed to the gantry 50. That is, the gantry 50 includes a lower gantry 51 and an upper gantry 53 that are grounded. The lower pedestal 51 includes a disk-shaped bottom 55 and a plurality of support columns 57 each having a flange 56 on the upper surface thereof. The upper part of the drive unit 40 is fixed to the bottom 55. The outer cone 21 is fixed to the upper frame 53. A flange 58 facing the flange 56 of the lower mount 51 is provided at the lower portion of the upper mount 53.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a crushing gap adjusting plate 59 having a predetermined thickness dimension t is interposed between the flanges 56 and 58. The flanges 56 and 58 are fastened and fixed detachably by bolts 54. As the crushing gap adjusting plate 59, a plurality of types of dimensions t are prepared, and by adjusting the thickness dimension t, the vertical crevice of the second crushing gap 30c as shown by a virtual line in FIG. Can be adjusted. The crushing gap adjusting plate 59, the flanges 56 and 58, and the bolt 54 constitute a gap adjusting means.

  Between the bottom 55 of the lower pedestal 51 and the enlarged diameter portion 25 of the inner cone 22, a reservoir 45 in which the crushing insulator 6 is temporarily stored is formed. On the lower surface of the enlarged diameter portion 25 of the inner cone 22, a scraping plate 46 that faces the pool portion 45 is provided. A plurality of discharge ports 55 a communicating with the reservoir 45 are formed at the bottom 55 of the lower pedestal 51. A shooter 60 to which the crushing insulator 6 discharged through the discharge port 55a falls is connected to the bottom 55.

  A hopper 61 that communicates with the stirring space 30a and into which the crushing insulator 6 is placed is provided at the top of the upper frame 53.

  The recycling / recycling system 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, a case where the recycling / recycling system 1 is used to crush the eggplant waste 5 into a predetermined particle shape will be described.

  First, the collected insulator scraps 5 are put into the receiving hopper 2. The insulator scrap 5 conveyed from the receiving hopper 2 through the conveyor device 3 is put into the primary crushing device 10. Then, in the primary crushing device 10, the insulator scrap 5 is roughly crushed into a predetermined size in advance, and the crushed insulator 6 and the metal fitting are separated. In addition, the crushing insulator 6 crushed by the primary crushing apparatus 10 has an irregular shape or a large shape, and the long crushing insulator 6 shown in FIG.

  The crushing insulator 6 crushed by the primary crushing apparatus 10 is appropriately conveyed by the belt conveyor 7 and put into the hopper 61. The crushing insulator 6 put into the hopper 61 is put into the upper part of the secondary crushing device 20.

  The drive unit 40 rotates the inner cone 22 at a predetermined rotation speed. Since the stirring blade 27 also rotates together with the inner cone 22, the crushed insulator 6 put into the stirring space 30 a is stirred in the stirring space 30 a by the stirring blade 27. Since the crushing insulator 6 is sequentially put into the stirring space 30a, the crushing insulator 6 in the stirring space 30a is pushed into the first crushing gap 30b by the weight of the subsequent crushing insulator 6 acting. Further, the crushing insulators 6 in the stirring space 30a collide with each other or collide with the inner cone 22 and the outer cone 21, so that they are appropriately crushed.

  Since the long crushing insulator 6 is also mixed in the stirring space portion 30a, the long crushing insulator 6 may enter the first crushing gap 30b in a state where the hand length direction is directed in the vertical direction.

  Furthermore, since the crushing insulator 6 is pushed in, the tip of the long crushing insulator 6 reaches the bent portion 30d between the first crushing gap 30b and the second crushing gap 30c. Since the long crushing insulator 6 that has reached the bent portion 30d is forcibly pressed by the upper crushing insulator 6, it tends to pass through the bent portion 30d and move to the second crushing gap 30c. However, the lower end of the long crushing insulator 6 cannot pass through the bent portion 30d, and the transition to the second crushing gap 30c is prevented. For this reason, a shear stress acts on the long crushing insulator 6, and the long crushing insulator 6 is crushed or broken at a bent portion (see FIG. 4).

  Thus, the long crushing insulator 6 will move to the 2nd crushing clearance 30c, crushing suitably in a magnitude | size and a shape.

  Further, the crushing insulator 6 is crushed into a desired shape and size in the second crushing gap 30 c and then falls to the pool portion 45. The crushing insulator 6 in the pool portion 45 slides on the bottom portion 55 by the scraping plate 46 that rotates together with the inner cone 22, and reaches the discharge port 55 a formed in the bottom portion 55. The crushing insulator 6 that has reached the discharge port 55a drops the shooter 60 through the discharge port 55a and is discharged.

  The discharged crushing insulator 6 is supplied to a conveyor 63 disposed below the shooter 60. Furthermore, the crushing insulator 6 passes through the continuous polishing apparatus 70 and the sieve machine 71, and is classified into the desired granularity (for example, 3 types of 8 mm or less, 9 mm to 25 mm, 25 mm or more) shown in FIG. It can be used effectively as a recycled material.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, it may be as shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a front view including a partial breakage of a raw material crushing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 9, the second crushing gap 30 c is formed such that the diameter of the second crushing gap 30 c gradually decreases in the radial inward direction of the inner cone 22 with respect to the first crushing gap 30 b by forming the lower part of the inner cone 22 in a small diameter shape. Has been. Even in such a case, it is possible to break the elongated crushing insulator 6 at the bent portion 30d. The same members as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  Further, the bent portion 30d is not limited to a single unit, and a plurality of bent portions 30d may be provided. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, in addition to the first crushing gap 30b and the second crushing gap 30c, it is also possible to provide a third crushing space 30e communicating with the second crushing gap 30c.

  Moreover, in the above embodiment, it illustrated about the case where it crushes, moving the crushing insulator 6 from the upper direction to the downward direction. In this embodiment, since the dead weight of the crushed insulator 6 is used when the crushed insulator 6 is crushed, a dedicated device for pressing the crushed insulator 6 against the space 30 is not necessary, and the entire apparatus can be downsized. It becomes.

  In addition, not only the said embodiment but the case where it crushes, moving the crushing insulator 6 to a horizontal direction may be sufficient. Specifically, the outer cone 21 and the inner cone 22 may be disposed sideways, and the inner cone 22 may be rotated around the horizontal axis. In such a case, a pusher device that forcibly presses the crushing insulator 6 in the stirring space portion into the first crushing gap is provided.

  The crushing insulator 6 that has been crushed and rounded as described above can be reused not only for construction but also as a pebble for exterior or flower pot ornamental material, garden stone, artificial rivers, etc. is there.

  The raw material is not limited to the insulator, and may be ceramic tableware, glass, roof tiles, or the like.

1 Recycling system 2 Receiving hopper 6 Crushing insulator (raw material)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Primary crusher 20 Secondary crusher 21 Outer cone 21a 1st outer peripheral surface 21b 2nd outer peripheral surface 21c 3rd outer peripheral surface 22 Inner cone 23 Tapered trunk | drum 23a 1st inner peripheral surface 24 Vertical trunk | drum 24a 2nd inner peripheral surface 25 Expanded diameter part 25a 3rd inner peripheral surface 27 Agitation blade 30 Space part 30a Agitation space part 30b 1st crushing clearance (gap)
30c Second crushing gap (gap)
30d Bending part 40 Driving part 45 Reservoir part 46 Scraping plate 50 Base 51 Lower base 53 Upper base 55 Bottom 55a Discharge port 59 Crushing gap adjusting plate

Claims (3)

An outer cone supported by a gantry, an inner cone arranged in the outer cone, and a drive unit that rotates the inner cone, in a gap formed between the outer cone and the inner cone, In the raw material crushing device that passes the raw material and crushes it,
The gap has a first crushing gap material is provided in the vertical direction so as to pass toward the upper side to the lower side, the bent radially outward direction of the inner cone relative to said first crushing gap first A second crushing gap communicating with the 1 crushing gap,
The second crushing gap is provided between a peripheral surface provided in a radially outward direction of the outer cone and a peripheral surface of a diameter-expanded portion that expands in a radially outward direction of the inner cone,
Between the bottom of the gantry and the lower surface of the enlarged diameter portion of the inner cone , a reservoir for storing the raw material is formed in communication with the second crushing gap,
On the lower surface of the expanded diameter portion, a scraping plate facing the pool portion is provided,
At the bottom of the lower pedestal is formed a discharge port communicating with the pool portion,
The raw material crushing apparatus characterized in that the raw material in the pooled portion that has been scraped by the scraping plate that rotates together with the inner cone is discharged to the outside of the gantry through the discharge port.   2. The raw material crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a stirring space portion in which the charged raw material is stirred is provided above the first crushing gap. 3.   A primary crushing apparatus that preliminarily crushes a raw material and a crushing apparatus for the raw material according to claim 1 as a secondary crushing apparatus, and the raw material roughly crushed by the first crushing apparatus, A raw material crushing system characterized by further crushing with a next crushing device.

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