JP5656194B2 - Display panel and display device - Google Patents

Description

  The present technology relates to a reflective display panel or a transflective display panel having both a reflective portion and a transmissive portion, and a display device including the same.

  In recent years, the demand for display devices for mobile devices such as mobile phones and electronic paper has been increasing, and reflective display devices have attracted attention. The reflective display device performs display by reflecting incident light (ambient light) from the outside with a reflecting plate, and does not require a backlight. Therefore, power consumption is saved by the amount of backlight, so that mobile devices can be driven for a long time compared to the case of using a transmissive display device. Further, since a backlight is not necessary, it is possible to reduce the weight and size accordingly.

  In a reflective display device, in order to perform display using external light, it is necessary to provide a layer having a diffusion function in the display device. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that a reflective function is imparted to a reflective electrode by providing irregularities on the reflective electrode. Patent Documents 2 to 6 disclose that an anisotropic diffusion film having anisotropy in diffusion strength is provided on the upper surface of a glass substrate instead of providing unevenness on the reflective electrode.

Japanese Patent No. 2771392 Japanese Patent No. 3629991 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-326895 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-7007 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-326884 JP-A-11-109348

  However, the method described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that incident light is diffused in all directions, so that the amount of light reflected in the front direction is small and sufficient brightness in white display cannot be obtained. On the other hand, in the methods described in Patent Documents 2 to 6, since the scattering angle range is limited, it is possible to obtain sufficient brightness with white display. However, the method described in Patent Document 2 has a problem that the diffusion range of the diffusion film is narrow and it is not easy to make the diffusion range suitable for the reflective display device. Moreover, when evaluating what was actually prototyped using the methods described in Patent Documents 3 to 6, the change in intensity at the boundary of the intensity of the scattering intensity is large, so the appearance of the display image is unnatural. I understood it.

  The present technology has been made in view of such a problem, and an object of the present technology is to provide a display panel capable of displaying a natural bright image that looks good and a display device including the display panel.

A first display panel according to the present technology includes a reflective or transflective panel unit and three light diffusion layers provided on the panel unit. The first display panel may further include some optical layer (for example, a layer having a light diffusion function) in addition to the three light diffusion layers. Each light diffusing layer diffuses light of components incident at a specific range of angles from a specific azimuth out of external light reflected from the panel and incident from the lower surface side, and weakly diffuses light of other components An anisotropic diffusion layer. Here, the lowermost first light diffusion layer among the three light diffusion layers has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light peaks when the incident angle of the external light is ψ1. The second light diffusion layer, which is different from the first light diffusion layer among the three light diffusion layers, has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light peaks when the incident angle of the external light is ψ2 (ψ2 <ψ1). have. The third light diffusion layer, which is different from the first light diffusion layer and the second light diffusion layer among the three light diffusion layers, diffuses the external light when the incident angle of the external light is ψ3 (ψ1 <ψ3). It has a diffusion center axis that becomes a peak. Further, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusion layers has a major component mainly in a direction parallel to a specific orientation and a minor axis in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. The diffusion distribution of diffused light in one or two of the three light diffusion layers is isotropic.

  A first display device according to the present technology includes a display panel in which a plurality of pixels are two-dimensionally arranged, and a drive unit that drives each pixel based on a video signal. The display panel mounted on the first display device has the same components as the first display panel.

In the first display panel and the first display device according to the present technology, when the lowermost first light diffusion layer among the three light diffusion layers has the diffusion center axis of the angle ψ1, the angle is less than the angle ψ1. A second light diffusion layer having a diffusion center axis with a small angle ψ2 is provided above the first light diffusion layer. Further, a light diffusion layer having a diffusion center axis with an angle ψ3 larger than the angle ψ1 is also provided above the first light diffusion layer. Thereby, while the diffusion range with respect to the external light reflected by the reflection layer and incident from the lower surface side can be limited, it can be wider than the diffusion range of the first light diffusion layer. Furthermore, the intensity change at the boundary of the diffusion intensity can be reduced. In the present technology, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusion layers has anisotropy as described above. Thereby, the front direction can be brightened. Further, since the diffusion distribution of diffused light in one diffusion layer or two diffusion layers among the three light diffusion layers is isotropic, glare can be suppressed.

In the first display panel and the first display device according to the present technology, the diffusion distribution of the diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusion layers has a long axis in a direction parallel to a specific orientation, It is preferable to have a minor axis in a direction orthogonal to a specific orientation. In this case, the front direction can be brightened .

  In the first display panel and the first display device according to the present technology, the second light diffusion layer is preferably the uppermost light diffusion layer among the plurality of light diffusion layers. In this case, the blur width of the image formed by the diffusion by the plurality of light diffusion layers can be reduced, and the amount of light in the front direction can be increased.

  A second display panel according to the present technology includes a reflective or transflective panel portion and two light diffusion layers provided on the panel portion. Note that the second display panel may further include some optical layer (for example, a layer having a light diffusion function) in addition to the two light diffusion layers. Each light diffusing layer diffuses light of components incident at a specific range of angles from a specific azimuth out of external light reflected from the panel and incident from the lower surface side, and weakly diffuses light of other components An anisotropic diffusion layer. Here, the first light diffusion layer, which is the lower light diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers, has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light peaks when the incident angle of the external light is ψ1. Yes. The second light diffusion layer, which is the upper light diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers, has a diffusion central axis at which the diffusion of external light peaks when the incident angle of external light is ψ2 (ψ2 <ψ1). Have. The first light diffusion layer or the second light diffusion layer further has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light peaks when the incident angle of the external light is ψ3 (ψ1 <ψ3). Furthermore, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers has a major component mainly in a direction parallel to a specific orientation and a minor axis in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. The main component is.

  A second display device according to the present technology includes a display panel in which a plurality of pixels are two-dimensionally arranged, and a drive unit that drives each pixel based on a video signal. The display panel mounted on the second display device has the same components as the second display panel.

  In the second display panel and the second display device according to the present technology, when the lower first light diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers has the diffusion center axis of the angle ψ1, the angle is larger than the angle ψ1. A second light diffusion layer having a diffusion center axis with a small angle ψ2 is provided above the first light diffusion layer. Further, a diffusion center axis having an angle ψ3 larger than the angle ψ1 is provided in the first light diffusion layer or the second light diffusion layer. Thereby, while the diffusion range with respect to the external light reflected by the reflection layer and incident from the lower surface side can be limited, it can be wider than the diffusion range of the first light diffusion layer. Furthermore, the intensity change at the boundary of the diffusion intensity can be reduced. In the present technology, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers has anisotropy as described above. Thereby, the front direction can be brightened.

  In the second display panel and the second display device according to the present technology, the diffusion distribution of the diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers has a major axis in a direction parallel to a specific orientation, It is preferable to have a minor axis in a direction orthogonal to a specific orientation. In this case, the front direction can be brightened. Furthermore, in the present technology, it is preferable that the diffusion distribution of the diffused light in one of the two light diffusion layers is isotropic. In such a case, glare can be suppressed.

  In the first and second display panels and the first and second display devices according to the present technology, the orthogonal projections of the diffusion center axes of the respective light diffusion layers may face the same direction. Even in this case, it is possible to sufficiently widen the diffusion range for the external light reflected from the reflection layer and incident from the lower surface side. That is, in the present technology, it is not necessary to configure each light diffusion layer so that the orthogonal projections of the diffusion center axes of the respective light diffusion layers are directed in different directions.

  According to the first and second display panels and the first and second display devices according to the present technology, the diffusion range with respect to the external light reflected from the panel unit and incident from the lower surface side is greater than the diffusion range of the first light diffusion layer. Can be limited in a wide range, the intensity change at the boundary of the diffusion intensity can be reduced, and the front direction is brightened, so that a natural bright image can be displayed. .

  In the first and second display panels and the first and second display devices according to the present technology, when the diffusion distribution of the diffused light is isotropic with respect to a part of the diffusion layers. Can suppress glare. As a result, a more attractive natural image can be displayed.

It is sectional drawing showing an example of a structure of the display apparatus which concerns on one embodiment of this technique. (A) It is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an effect | action of the lowest layer among the three light-diffusion layers of FIG. (B) It is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an effect | action of an intermediate | middle layer among the three light-diffusion layers of FIG. (C) It is a conceptual diagram showing an example of an effect | action of the uppermost layer among the three light-diffusion layers of FIG. It is sectional drawing showing an example of a structure of the light-diffusion layer of FIG. It is a conceptual diagram showing an example of the optical effect | action of the display apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing showing the 1st modification of a structure of the display apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing showing the 2nd modification of a structure of the display apparatus of FIG. FIG. 7 is a light intensity distribution diagram of scattered light in the lowermost layer of the two light diffusion layers in FIG. 6. It is sectional drawing showing an example of a structure of the lowest layer among the two light-diffusion layers of FIG. It is sectional drawing showing the 3rd modification of a structure of the display apparatus of FIG. FIG. 10 is a light intensity distribution diagram of the uppermost scattered light of the two light diffusion layers of FIG. 9. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the configuration of the uppermost layer of the two light diffusion layers in FIG. 9. It is sectional drawing showing an example of the light-diffusion layer which has anisotropic diffusion distribution. It is a figure showing an example of a viewing angle characteristic when all the light-diffusion layers have isotropic diffusion distribution. It is a figure showing an example of a viewing angle characteristic when at least 1 light-diffusion layer has anisotropic diffusion distribution. It is sectional drawing showing the other example of the light-diffusion layer which has anisotropic diffusion distribution. It is sectional drawing showing the other example of the light-diffusion layer which has anisotropic diffusion distribution. It is a perspective view showing an example of the composition of the electronic equipment concerning the example of application.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The description will be given in the following order.

1. Embodiment (display device)
1. Example in which three light diffusion layers are provided Modified example (display device)
Example in which two light diffusion layers are provided
2. An example in which a light diffusion layer having an anisotropic diffusion distribution is provided. Application example (electronic equipment)
Example in which the above display device is used as a display unit

<1. Embodiment>
[Constitution]
FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a cross-sectional configuration of a display device 1 according to an embodiment of the present technology. FIG. 1 is a schematic representation and is not necessarily the same as the actual size and shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the display device 1 includes a display panel 10 in which a plurality of pixels (not shown) are two-dimensionally arranged, and a drive unit that drives each pixel of the display panel 10 according to a video signal. 20.

  The display panel 10 is a reflective type or a transflective liquid crystal panel having both a reflective part and a transmissive part. The display panel 10 displays an image by reflecting external light incident on each pixel by a reflective electrode (not shown) or the like when the pixel is driven in accordance with a video signal and emitting the light to the outside. It is. As shown in FIG. 1, for example, the display panel 10 includes a panel unit 11 and three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 provided on the upper surface of the panel unit 11. The light diffusion layer 12 is the lowest layer among the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14. The light diffusion layer 14 is the uppermost layer among the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14. The light diffusion layer 13 is disposed between the light diffusion layer 12 and the light diffusion layer 14. The light diffusion layer 12 is bonded to the panel unit 11 with an adhesive, for example.

  In FIG. 1, there are gaps between the panel unit 11 and the light diffusion layer 12, between the light diffusion layer 12 and the light diffusion layer 13, and between the light diffusion layer 13 and the light diffusion layer 14. However, these gaps may not exist. In addition, any optical layer that does not hinder the effect obtained by the interaction of the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 may be provided in these gaps. The light diffusion layer 12 corresponds to a specific example of the “first light diffusion layer” of the present technology, and the light diffusion layer 13 corresponds to a specific example of the “third light diffusion layer” of the present technology. The layer 14 corresponds to a specific example of “second light diffusion layer” of the present technology.

(Panel part 11)
Although not shown, the panel unit 11 includes, for example, a lower substrate and an upper substrate that are opposed to each other with a predetermined gap, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the lower substrate and the upper substrate. The liquid crystal layer includes, for example, nematic liquid crystal, and has a modulation function that transmits or blocks light incident on the liquid crystal layer for each pixel by an applied voltage from the driving unit 20 as described later. ing. Note that the gradation for each pixel is adjusted by changing the light transmission level of the liquid crystal. The lower substrate has, for example, a plurality of pixel electrodes and an alignment film on the upper surface of the glass substrate, although not shown. The upper substrate has, for example, a color filter, a light shielding portion, a transparent electrode, and an alignment film on the lower surface of the glass substrate, although not shown. For example, the light shielding portion is partially provided on the same surface as the color filter.

  The plurality of pixel electrodes are for driving the liquid crystal layer together with the transparent electrode. Each pixel electrode is electrically connected to the drive unit 20. When a voltage is applied to each pixel electrode by the driving unit 20, an electric field corresponding to the potential difference between the pixel electrode and the transparent electrode is generated between the pixel electrode and the transparent electrode, and the liquid crystal layer according to the magnitude of the electric field Is supposed to drive. The plurality of pixel electrodes further function as a reflective layer that reflects light incident from the upper substrate side through the liquid crystal layer. Each pixel electrode is made of a conductive material that reflects visible light, for example, a metal material such as an Al—Nd alloy. The upper surface of each pixel electrode is, for example, a mirror surface. Thus, when each pixel electrode is used as a reflective layer, the reflective layer can be brought closest to the upper substrate as compared with a case where a member other than each pixel electrode is used as the reflective layer. The transparent electrode is made of a conductive material transparent to visible light, and is made of, for example, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide). The transparent electrode is, for example, an electrode formed in the entire predetermined layer in the upper substrate, and is disposed to face all the pixel electrodes. Therefore, the transparent electrode functions as a common electrode facing each pixel electrode. In the display panel 10, a portion corresponding to a portion where the pixel electrode and the transparent electrode face each other is a minimum unit capable of partially driving the liquid crystal layer by a voltage applied between the pixel electrode and the transparent electrode. It has become. This minimum unit corresponds to a pixel.

  The alignment film aligns liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer in a predetermined direction, and is in direct contact with the liquid layer. The alignment film is made of, for example, a polymer material such as polyimide, and is formed, for example, by subjecting applied polyimide or the like to a rubbing process. The color filter is an array of color filters for separating light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer into, for example, three primary colors of red, green, and blue, corresponding to the pixels. The light-shielding unit reduces crosstalk between pixels and has a function of absorbing visible light, for example. The light shielding portion is formed between the pixels.

(Light diffusion layers 12, 13, 14)
The light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 diffuse light incident from a specific direction strongly and diffuse light incident from other directions weakly. The light diffusing layers 12, 13, and 14 strongly diffuse light of components incident at a specific range of angles from a specific azimuth among external light reflected from the panel unit 11 and incident from the lower surface side, and other components It is an anisotropic diffusion layer that diffuses the light weakly. In each of the light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14, the diffusion distribution of the diffused light is isotropic.

  2A to 2C schematically show an example of the optical action of the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14. FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 2A, the light diffusion layer 12 diffuses the incident light L1 when the incident angle of external light (incident light L1) incident from the lower surface side of the light diffusion layer 12 is ψ1. It has a diffusion center axis AX2 that is a peak. The incident angle of the incident light L1 is an angle formed by the optical axis of the incident light L1 and the normal line AX1 of the light diffusion layer 12. In addition, “when the incident angle is ψ1, the diffusion of the incident light L1 has a peak”, as shown in FIG. 2A, the incident light L1 is diffused by the light diffusion layer 12, and the light diffusion layer 12 is diffused. This means that the incident angle of the incident light L1 at which the diffusion range D1 of the diffused light L2 emitted to the upper surface of the light diffusing layer 12 reaches a maximum is ψ1. Accordingly, the diffusion center axis AX2 indicates an axis extending in a direction intersecting with the normal line AX1 of the light diffusion layer 12 at an angle ψ1. The angle ψ1 of the diffusion center axis AX2 is, for example, 30 degrees.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2B, the light diffusion layer 13 has an incident angle of external light (incident light L3) incident from the lower surface side of the light diffusion layer 13 of ψ3 (ψ1 <ψ3 <90 degrees). Sometimes it has a diffusion center axis AX4 where the diffusion of the incident light L3 peaks. The incident angle of the incident light L3 is an angle formed by the optical axis of the incident light L3 and the normal line AX3 of the light diffusion layer 13. Further, “when the incident angle is ψ3, the diffusion of the incident light L3 has a peak”, as shown in FIG. 2B, the incident light L3 is diffused by the light diffusion layer 13 and the light diffusion layer 13 This means that the incident angle of the incident light L3 that maximizes the diffusion range D2 of the diffused light L4 emitted to the upper surface of the light diffusion layer 13 is ψ3. Accordingly, the diffusion center axis AX4 indicates an axis extending in a direction intersecting with the normal line AX3 of the light diffusion layer 13 at an angle ψ3. The angle ψ3 of the diffusion center axis AX4 is, for example, 45 degrees.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 2C, the light diffusion layer 14 has an incident angle of external light (incident light L5) incident from the lower surface side of the light diffusion layer 14 of ψ2 (0 <ψ2 <ψ1). Has a diffusion center axis AX6 at which the diffusion of the incident light L5 peaks. The incident angle of the incident light L5 is an angle formed by the optical axis of the incident light L5 and the normal line AX5 of the light diffusion layer 14. “Diffusion of the incident light L5 has a peak when the incident angle is ψ2” means that the incident light L5 is diffused by the light diffusion layer 14 as shown in FIG. This means that the incident angle of the incident light L5 that maximizes the diffusion range D3 of the diffused light L6 emitted to the upper surface of the light diffusion layer 14 is ψ2. Accordingly, the diffusion center axis AX6 indicates an axis extending in a direction intersecting with the normal line AX5 of the light diffusion layer 14 at an angle ψ2. The angle ψ2 of the diffusion center axis AX6 is, for example, 10 degrees. Accordingly, the angles ψ1, ψ3 of the diffusion center axes AX2, AX4 of the light diffusion layers 12, 13 other than the light diffusion layer 14 among the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, 14 are the same as the diffusion center axis AX6 of the light diffusion layer 14. It is larger than the angle ψ2.

  Here, external light refers to parallel light incident on the display panel 10 and further refers to non-polarized light. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C, the “specific direction” is an orthogonal projection I1, I2, of the diffusion center axes AX2, AX4, AX6 of the light diffusion layers 12, 13, 14, respectively. This corresponds to the direction in which I3 extends. 2A to 2C illustrate the case where the orthogonal projections I1, I2, and I3 are oriented in the same direction (Y-axis direction), but the orthogonal projections I1, I2, and I3 are illustrated. Need not be completely in the same direction. For example, the orthogonal projections I1, I2, and I3 may be directed to intersect each other at a slight angle within the range of manufacturing error. Further, the orthogonal projections I1, I2, and I3 may be directed to intersect each other at an angle within a range in which the effect obtained by the interaction of the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 is not inhibited.

  In addition, the “angle of a specific range” refers to an angle in a limited range of quadrant directions in which the Y coordinate is negative and the Z coordinate is negative in FIGS. It is. “An angle in a specific range” refers to an angle in a range in which, for example, the haze is larger than a predetermined value when the incident angles of the incident lights L1, L3, and L5 are displaced.

  For example, as illustrated in FIG. 3A or 3B, the light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 are configured to include two types of regions R1 and R2 having different refractive indexes. 3A and 3B are perspective views showing an example of the configuration of the light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14, and an example of a cross-sectional configuration cut in a direction parallel to the Y axis. is there. For example, the light diffusion layer 12 is formed by extending the regions R1 and R2 in the thickness direction and inclining in a predetermined direction (specifically, a direction corresponding to the direction of the diffusion center axis AX2). . For example, the light diffusion layer 13 is formed by extending the regions R1 and R2 in the thickness direction and inclining in a predetermined direction (specifically, a direction corresponding to the direction of the diffusion center axis AX4). . For example, the light diffusion layer 14 is formed by extending the regions R1 and R2 in the thickness direction and inclining in a predetermined direction (specifically, a direction corresponding to the direction of the diffusion center axis AX6). .

  In each of the light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14, for example, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the region R1 has a shape in which a plurality of regions R2 are embedded. In this case, each region R2 has, for example, a rod shape extending in a predetermined direction (specifically, a direction corresponding to the direction of the diffusion center axis AX2, AX4, or AX6) as shown in FIG. It is the shape of. For example, as shown in FIG. 3A, the cross section in the in-plane direction of each region R2 has a generally circular shape (that is, isotropic shape).

  The light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 are formed by, for example, irradiating a resin sheet, which is a mixture of two or more kinds of photopolymerizable monomers or oligomers having different refractive indexes, from an oblique direction. is there. The light diffusing layers 12, 13, and 14 may have a structure different from the above, or may be manufactured by a method different from the above.

  In the present embodiment, in addition to the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14, a retardation layer, a polarizing layer, and the like may be provided on the upper surface of the panel unit 11 as necessary. The polarizing layer has a function of absorbing a predetermined linearly polarized light component and transmitting other polarized light components. Therefore, the polarizing layer has a function of converting light incident from the outside into linearly polarized light. On the other hand, the retardation layer is, for example, a uniaxially stretched film of polyvinyl alcohol resin. The retardation is a value corresponding to about 1/4 of the green light wavelength having the highest visibility in the visible light region. Accordingly, the retardation layer has a function of converting linearly polarized light incident from the polarizing layer side into circularly polarized light, and functions as a quarter wavelength plate. In addition, in order to obtain a high bandwidth, a retardation corresponding to about 1/2 of the green light wavelength having the highest visibility of visible light is provided between the polarizing layer and the retardation layer (¼ wavelength plate). A phase difference layer (1/2 wavelength plate) may be further provided.

[Action, Effect]
Next, an example of the action and effect of the display device 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  External light La that has entered at an angle within a specific range from a specific direction (specifically, an incident angle of 30 degrees from the negative direction of the Y axis) is converted into linearly polarized light by the polarizing layer, and Is converted into counterclockwise circularly polarized light and reaches the panel unit 11. Of the external light La that has reached the panel unit 11, light incident on the liquid crystal layer to which no voltage is applied is converted into linearly polarized light by the liquid crystal layer and reaches the pixel electrode 11A, for example. This is because the retardation and twist angle of the liquid crystal layer are set in advance so as to do so. The light reflected by the pixel electrode 11A (reflected light Lb) follows exactly the same path and is returned to the original counterclockwise circularly polarized light. Such a conversion is generally applicable to a liquid crystal layer that performs conversion so as to be linearly polarized light on the pixel electrode 11A. The counterclockwise circularly polarized light returns to the original linearly polarized light by the retardation layer and passes through the polarizing layer. Therefore, in this case, the pixel is brightly displayed. Further, out of the external light La that has reached the panel unit 11, the light that has entered the liquid crystal layer to which voltage is applied reaches the pixel electrode 11 </ b> A while being left-handed circularly polarized light, is reflected by the pixel electrode 11 </ b> A, and is right-handed. Become polarized. The light returns to linearly polarized light by the retardation layer, and the polarization axis of the linearly polarized light is orthogonal to the transmission axis of the polarizing layer. Therefore, this linearly polarized light is absorbed by the polarizing layer. Therefore, in this case, the pixel is darkly displayed.

  Meanwhile, the external light La reaches the panel unit 11 after passing through the light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14. However, since the diffusion intensity of the light diffusing layers 12, 13, and 14 has an incident angle dependency, the external light La passes through the light diffusing layers 12, 13, and 14 and reaches the panel unit 11 without being scattered. To do. On the other hand, the reflected light Lb is emitted outside the display panel 10 after passing through the light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14. At this time, the reflected light Lb is incident on the lower surface of the light diffusion layer 12 at an incident angle of 30 degrees, for example, and is therefore strongly diffused by the light diffusion layer 12. Of the light strongly diffused by the light diffusion layer 12, the diffused light Lc incident on the lower surface of the light diffusion layer 13 at a small incident angle (approximately 10 degrees) enters the “specific range angle” of the light diffusion layer 13. Therefore, the light diffusion layer 13 is transmitted without being scattered. On the other hand, of the light that is strongly diffused by the light diffusion layer 12, the diffused light Ld that is incident on the lower surface of the light diffusion layer 13 at a large incident angle (approximately 60 degrees) is strongly diffused by the light diffusion layer 13.

  The diffused light Lc transmitted through the light diffusion layer 13 with almost no scattering by the light diffusion layer 13 enters the lower surface of the light diffusion layer 13 at a small incident angle (generally 10 degrees). Then, the diffused light Lc is strongly diffused by the light diffusion layer 14 and is emitted to the outside of the display panel 10. On the other hand, the diffused light Le that is strongly diffused by the light diffusion layer 13 and transmitted through the light diffusion layer 13 enters the lower surface of the light diffusion layer 13 at a large incident angle (an angle that is significantly larger than 10 degrees). Then, since the diffused light Le does not enter the “specific range of angles” of the light diffusion layer 14, the diffused light Le passes through the light diffusion layer 14 without being scattered and is emitted to the outside of the display panel 10.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the diffusion range with respect to the external light reflected from the panel unit 11 and incident from the lower surface side can be limited, and the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 can be limited. The diffusion range of the light diffusion layer 12 which is the lowermost layer can be expanded. Furthermore, the intensity change at the boundary of the diffusion intensity can be reduced. Thereby, a natural image which looks good can be displayed.

  In this embodiment, the angle ψ2 of the diffusion center axis AX6 of the light diffusion layer 14 that is the uppermost layer is larger than the angles ψ1, ψ3 of the diffusion center axes AX2 and AX6 of the remaining two light diffusion layers 12 and 13. Since it is small, a natural image with little image blur can be displayed. Furthermore, an image with high white luminance can be displayed.

<2. Modification>
[First Modification]
In the above embodiment, the light diffusion layer 14 is the uppermost layer among the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, 14, but is not the uppermost layer among the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, 14. It does not have to be. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the light diffusion layer 14 may be provided between the light diffusion layer 12 and the light diffusion layer 13.

[Second Modification]
In the above embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the light diffusion layer 15 having the functions of the two light diffusion layers 12 and 13 is provided instead of the two light diffusion layers 12 and 13. Also good. At this time, the light diffusion layer 15 has a diffusion center axis AX2 at which the diffusion of incident light peaks when the incident angle of external light incident from the lower surface side of the light diffusion layer 15 is ψ1. Furthermore, the light diffusion layer 15 also has a diffusion center axis AX4 where the diffusion of incident light peaks when the incident angle of external light incident from the lower surface side of the light diffusion layer 15 is ψ3. Since the light diffusion layer 15 has the diffusion center axis AX2 and the diffusion center axis AX4 at the same time, the light intensity distribution of the light diffused by the light diffusion layer 15 is as shown in FIG. 7, for example. .

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the light diffusion layer 15 includes two types of regions (region R1 and regions R3 and R4) having different refractive indexes. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of the configuration of the light diffusion layer 15 and also shows an example of a cross-sectional configuration cut in a direction parallel to the Y axis. The light diffusion layer 15 is formed by, for example, the regions R1, R3, and R4 extending in the thickness direction and inclined in a predetermined direction. Here, the region R1 has a shape in which the regions R3 and R4 are embedded. The region R3 has a rod-like shape extending in the same or substantially the same direction as the direction of the diffusion center axis AX2. The region R4 has a rod shape extending in the same or substantially the same direction as the direction of the diffusion center axis AX4.

  The light diffusion layer 15 is formed, for example, by irradiating a resin sheet, which is a mixture of two or more kinds of photopolymerizable monomers or oligomers having different refractive indexes, from an oblique direction. The light diffusion layer 15 may have a structure different from the above, or may be manufactured by a method different from the above.

[Third Modification]
In the above embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, the light diffusion layer 16 having the functions of the two light diffusion layers 13 and 14 is provided instead of the two light diffusion layers 13 and 14. Also good. At this time, the light diffusion layer 16 has a diffusion center axis AX4 where the diffusion of incident light peaks when the incident angle of external light incident from the lower surface side of the light diffusion layer 16 is ψ3. Furthermore, the light diffusion layer 16 also has a diffusion center axis AX6 at which the diffusion of incident light peaks when the incident angle of external light incident from the lower surface side of the light diffusion layer 16 is ψ2. Since the light diffusion layer 16 has the diffusion center axis AX4 and the diffusion center axis AX6 at the same time, the light intensity distribution of the light diffused by the light diffusion layer 16 is as shown in FIG. 10, for example. .

  For example, as illustrated in FIG. 11, the light diffusion layer 16 includes two types of regions (region R1 and regions R4 and R5) having different refractive indexes. FIG. 11 perspectively illustrates an example of the configuration of the light diffusion layer 16 and also illustrates an example of a cross-sectional configuration cut in a direction parallel to the Y axis. The light diffusion layer 16 is formed, for example, with the regions R1, R4, and R5 extending in the thickness direction and inclined in a predetermined direction. Here, the region R1 has a shape in which the regions R4 and R5 are embedded. The region R4 has a rod shape extending in the same or substantially the same direction as the direction of the diffusion center axis AX4. The region R5 has a rod shape extending in the same or substantially the same direction as the direction of the diffusion center axis AX6.

  The light diffusion layer 16 is formed, for example, by irradiating a resin sheet, which is a mixture of two or more kinds of photopolymerizable monomers or oligomers having different refractive indexes, from an oblique direction. The light diffusion layer 16 may have a structure different from the above, or may be manufactured by a method different from the above.

[Fourth modification]
In the above embodiment and its modifications, in addition to the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14, functions similar to these three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 (functions as anisotropic forward scattering layers) One or a plurality of light diffusion layers having the above may be further provided. In addition to the two light diffusion layers 14 and 15, in the above-described modification, one or a plurality of lights having the same function (function as an anisotropic forward scattering layer) as these two light diffusion layers 14 and 15. A diffusion layer may be further provided. Further, in the above modification, in addition to the two light diffusion layers 12 and 16, one or a plurality of lights having the same function (function as an anisotropic forward scattering layer) as these two light diffusion layers 12 and 16 A diffusion layer may be further provided. However, the angle of the diffusion center axis of the one or more newly added light diffusion layers needs to be larger than the angle ψ2 of the diffusion center axis AX6 of the light diffusion layer 14. In such a case, the effect obtained by the interaction of the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, 14, the two light diffusion layers 14, 15, or the two light diffusion layers 12, 16 is newly added. There is no possibility of being hindered by the added light diffusion layer or layers.

[Fifth Modification]
In the first embodiment and the first modified example, the diffusion distribution of the diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 is parallel to the above-mentioned “specific direction”. It may have a configuration mainly having a major axis component in the direction and mainly having a minor axis component in a direction orthogonal to the above-mentioned “specific orientation”. That is, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 may have anisotropy. At this time, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 has a long axis in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific direction”, and the above-mentioned “specific It is preferable to have a configuration having a minor axis in a direction orthogonal to the “azimuth”. Here, when only one diffusion layer among the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, 14 has an anisotropic diffusion distribution, the light diffusion layer 14 that contributes most to the luminance in the front direction is different. It is preferable to have a anisotropic diffusion distribution.

  In the diffusion layer in which the diffusion distribution of diffused light has anisotropy, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the cross section in the in-plane direction of the region R2 has a long axis in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific direction” It has an elliptical shape (that is, an anisotropic shape). In the diffusion layer in which the diffusion distribution of diffused light has anisotropy, the cross section in the in-plane direction of all the regions R2 has an elliptical shape having a major axis in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific orientation”. Also good. As shown in FIG. 12, in the diffusion layer in which the diffusion distribution of the diffused light has anisotropy, the cross section in the in-plane direction of the partial region R2 is parallel to the above-described “specific direction”. It may be oval with a long axis.

  FIG. 13 shows an example of viewing angle characteristics when all the light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 have isotropic diffusion distributions. FIG. 14 shows an example of viewing angle characteristics when the light diffusion layer 14 has an anisotropic diffusion distribution and the light diffusion layers 12 and 13 have an isotropic diffusion distribution. It is. Note that FIGS. 13 and 14 show an example of the result when external light is incident at an azimuth angle of 90 degrees and a polar angle of 30 degrees.

  In the first embodiment and the first modification, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, diffused light is greatly distributed not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction. However, the user of the display device 1 usually does not move the display panel 10 greatly in the horizontal direction, but rather moves it largely in the vertical direction. Therefore, the component diffused in the horizontal direction in the diffused light does not contribute much to the display and is wasted.

  On the other hand, in this modification, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 has the anisotropy as described above. Thereby, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, the diffused light is greatly distributed not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction. As a result, the display device 1 having a bright front direction and a wide diffusion range can be realized.

  In this modification, it is preferable that the diffusion distribution of diffused light in one diffusion layer or two diffusion layers among the three light diffusion layers 12, 13, and 14 is isotropic. In such a case, the glare can be suppressed and a natural-looking image can be displayed.

[Sixth Modification]
In the second modification, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers 14 and 15 has a major axis component mainly in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific direction”. However, it may be configured to mainly have a short axis component in a direction orthogonal to the above-mentioned “specific orientation”. That is, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers 14 and 15 may have anisotropy. At this time, the diffusion distribution of the diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers 14 and 15 has a major axis in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific direction”, and the above-mentioned “specific direction” It is preferable to have a configuration having a minor axis in a direction orthogonal to. Here, when only one of the two light diffusion layers 14 and 15 has an anisotropic diffusion distribution, the light diffusion layer 14 that contributes most to the luminance in the front direction is anisotropic. It is preferable to have a diffusive distribution.

  When the light diffusion layer 14 has an anisotropic diffusion distribution, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the cross section in the in-plane direction of the region R2 is parallel to the above-mentioned “specific direction”. It has an elliptical shape (that is, an anisotropic shape) having a major axis in any direction. In the diffusion layer in which the diffusion distribution of diffused light has anisotropy, the cross section in the in-plane direction of all the regions R2 has an elliptical shape having a major axis in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific orientation”. Also good. As shown in FIG. 12, in the diffusion layer in which the diffusion distribution of the diffused light has anisotropy, the cross section in the in-plane direction of the partial region R2 is parallel to the above-described “specific direction”. It may be oval with a long axis.

  When the light diffusion layer 15 has an anisotropic diffusion distribution, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, the cross section in the in-plane direction of the regions R <b> 3 and R <b> 4 is the above-mentioned “specific orientation”. It has an elliptical shape (that is, an anisotropic shape) having a long axis in a direction parallel to the axis. The cross section in the in-plane direction of all the regions R3 and R4 may have an elliptical shape having a major axis in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific direction”. As shown in FIG. 15, the cross-section in the in-plane direction of some of the regions R3 and R4 may have an elliptical shape having a major axis in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific orientation”. .

  In this modification, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers 14 and 15 has anisotropy as described above. Thereby, the diffused light is greatly distributed not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction. As a result, the display device 1 having a bright front direction and a wide diffusion range can be realized.

  In this modification, it is preferable that the diffusion distribution of the diffused light in one of the two light diffusion layers 14 and 15 is isotropic. In such a case, the glare can be suppressed and a natural-looking image can be displayed.

[Seventh Modification]
In the third modified example, the diffusion distribution of the diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers 12 and 16 mainly has a major axis component in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific direction”. However, it may be configured to mainly have a short axis component in a direction orthogonal to the above-mentioned “specific orientation”. That is, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers 12 and 16 may have anisotropy. At this time, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers 12 and 16 has a major axis in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific orientation”, and the above-mentioned “specific orientation” It is preferable to have a configuration having a minor axis in a direction orthogonal to. Here, when only one of the two light diffusion layers 12 and 16 has an anisotropic diffusion distribution, the light diffusion layer 16 that contributes most to the luminance in the front direction is anisotropic. It is preferable to have a diffusive distribution.

  When the light diffusion layer 12 has an anisotropic diffusion distribution, for example, as shown in FIG. 12, the cross section in the in-plane direction of the region R2 is parallel to the above-mentioned “specific direction”. It has an elliptical shape (that is, an anisotropic shape) having a major axis in any direction. In the diffusion layer in which the diffusion distribution of diffused light has anisotropy, the cross section in the in-plane direction of all the regions R2 has an elliptical shape having a major axis in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific orientation”. Also good. As shown in FIG. 12, in the diffusion layer in which the diffusion distribution of the diffused light has anisotropy, the cross section in the in-plane direction of the partial region R2 is parallel to the above-described “specific direction”. It may be oval with a long axis.

  When the light diffusion layer 16 has an anisotropic diffusion distribution, for example, as shown in FIG. 16, the cross section in the in-plane direction of the regions R4 and R5 has the above-mentioned “specific orientation”. It has an elliptical shape (that is, an anisotropic shape) having a long axis in a direction parallel to the axis. The cross section in the in-plane direction of all the regions R4 and R5 may have an elliptical shape having a major axis in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific direction”. As shown in FIG. 16, the cross section in the in-plane direction of some of the regions R4 and R5 may be an elliptical shape having a long axis in a direction parallel to the above-mentioned “specific orientation”. .

  In this modification, the diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers 12 and 16 has anisotropy as described above. Thereby, the diffused light is greatly distributed not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction. As a result, the display device 1 having a bright front direction and a wide diffusion range can be realized.

  In this modification, it is preferable that the diffusion distribution of the diffused light in one of the two light diffusion layers 12 and 16 is isotropic. In such a case, the glare can be suppressed and a natural-looking image can be displayed.

[Eighth Modification]
Although the case where the display panel 10 has a configuration capable of color display has been exemplified in the above-described embodiment and its modification, the display panel 10 may have a configuration capable of only monochrome display. For example, in the above embodiment, the color filter may be omitted.

[Ninth Modification]
Although the case where each pixel electrode functions as a reflective layer has been exemplified in the above embodiment and its modification, a member other than the pixel electrode may function as a reflective layer. In this case, each pixel electrode does not need to function as a reflective layer, and may be made of, for example, a transparent conductive material such as ITO.

[Tenth Modification]
In the above embodiment and its modifications, the electrode on the lower substrate is composed of a plurality of pixel electrodes that are two-dimensionally arranged, but other configurations may be employed.

<3. Application example>
Next, an application example of the display device 1 according to the above-described embodiment and its modification will be described. FIG. 17 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of the electronic device 100 according to the application example. The electronic device 100 is a mobile phone, and includes, for example, a main body 111 and a display body 112 that can be opened and closed with respect to the main body 111, as shown in FIG. The main body 111 has operation buttons 115 and a transmitter 116. The display body unit 112 includes a display device 113 and a receiver unit 117. The display device 113 displays various displays related to telephone communication on the display screen 114 of the display device 113. Electronic device 100 includes a control unit (not shown) for controlling the operation of display device 113. For example, the control unit outputs a video signal to the display device 113. This control unit is provided inside the main body 111 or the display body 112 as a part of the control unit that controls the entire electronic device 100 or separately from the control unit.

  The display device 113 has the same configuration as the display device 1 according to the above-described embodiment and its modification. As a result, a natural image that looks good can be displayed on the display device 113. In the display device 113, the display device 1 in which the angle ψ2 of the diffusion center axis AX6 of the light diffusion layer 14 is smaller than the angles ψ1, ψ3 of the diffusion center axes AX2 and AX6 of the light diffusion layers 12 and 13 is used. If so, a natural image with less image blur can be displayed. Furthermore, an image with high white luminance can be displayed.

  Note that electronic devices to which the display device 1 according to the above-described embodiment and its modifications can be applied include personal computers, liquid crystal televisions, viewfinder types, or monitor direct-view types in addition to the cellular phones described above. Examples include a video tape recorder, a car navigation device, a pager, an electronic notebook, a calculator, a word processor, a workstation, a video phone, and a POS terminal.

For example, this technique can take the following composition.
(1)
A reflective or transflective panel,
Three light diffusion layers provided on the panel portion,
Each light diffusing layer strongly diffuses light of components incident from a specific direction at an angle within a specific range of external light reflected from the panel portion and incident from the lower surface side, and weakens light of other components. An anisotropic diffusion layer that diffuses;
The lowermost first light diffusion layer among the three light diffusion layers has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light has a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ1.
Of the three light diffusion layers, a second light diffusion layer different from the first light diffusion layer is a diffusion in which the diffusion of the external light reaches a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ2 (ψ2 <ψ1). Having a central axis,
Of the three light diffusing layers, the third light diffusing layer different from the first light diffusing layer and the second light diffusing layer has the external light when the incident angle of the external light is ψ3 (ψ1 <ψ3). Has a diffusion central axis where the diffusion of
A diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusing layers has a major component mainly in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and is short in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. A display panel that mainly has a shaft component.
(2)
A diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusion layers has a major axis in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and a minor axis in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. The display panel according to 1).
(3)
The display panel according to (1) or (2), wherein a diffusion distribution of diffused light in one diffusion layer or two diffusion layers among the three light diffusion layers is isotropic.
(4)
The display panel according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein orthogonal projections of the diffusion center axes of the respective light diffusion layers are directed in the same direction.
(5)
The display panel according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the second light diffusion layer is an uppermost light diffusion layer among the plurality of light diffusion layers.
(6)
The display panel according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the second light diffusion layer is a light diffusion layer between the first light diffusion layer and the third light diffusion layer.
(7)
The display panel according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the first light diffusion layer is bonded to the panel portion with an adhesive.
(8)
A reflective or transflective panel,
Two light diffusion layers provided on the panel unit,
Each light diffusing layer strongly diffuses light of components incident from a specific direction at an angle within a specific range of external light reflected from the panel portion and incident from the lower surface side, and weakens light of other components. An anisotropic diffusion layer that diffuses;
The first light diffusion layer, which is the lower light diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers, has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light peaks when the external light incident angle is ψ1.
The second light diffusion layer, which is the upper light diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers, has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light reaches a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ2 (ψ2 <ψ1). Have
The first light diffusion layer or the second light diffusion layer further has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light has a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ3 (ψ1 <ψ3),
A diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers mainly has a major axis component in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and is short in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. A display panel that mainly has a shaft component.
(9)
A diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers has a major axis in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and a minor axis in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. The display panel according to 8).
(10)
The display panel according to (8) or (9), wherein a diffusion distribution of diffused light in one of the two light diffusion layers has an isotropic distribution.
(11)
The display panel according to any one of (8) to (10), wherein orthogonal projections of the diffusion center axes of the respective light diffusion layers are directed in the same direction.
(12)
The display panel according to any one of (8) to (11), wherein the first light diffusion layer is bonded to the panel portion with an adhesive.
(13)
A display panel in which a plurality of pixels are two-dimensionally arranged;
A drive unit for driving each pixel based on the video signal,
The display panel is
A reflective or transflective panel,
Three light diffusion layers provided on the panel portion,
Each light diffusing layer strongly diffuses light of components incident from a specific direction at an angle within a specific range of external light reflected from the panel portion and incident from the lower surface side, and weakens light of other components. An anisotropic diffusion layer that diffuses;
The lowermost first light diffusion layer among the three light diffusion layers has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light has a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ1.
Of the three light diffusion layers, a second light diffusion layer different from the first light diffusion layer is a diffusion in which the diffusion of the external light reaches a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ2 (ψ2 <ψ1). Having a central axis,
Of the three light diffusing layers, the third light diffusing layer different from the first light diffusing layer and the second light diffusing layer has the external light when the incident angle of the external light is ψ3 (ψ1 <ψ3). Has a diffusion central axis where the diffusion of
A diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusing layers has a major component mainly in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and is short in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. A display device mainly having a shaft component.
(14)
A display panel in which a plurality of pixels are two-dimensionally arranged;
A drive unit for driving each pixel based on the video signal,
The display panel is
A reflective or transflective panel,
Two light diffusion layers provided on the panel unit,
Each light diffusing layer strongly diffuses light of components incident from a specific direction at an angle within a specific range of external light reflected from the panel portion and incident from the lower surface side, and weakens light of other components. An anisotropic diffusion layer that diffuses;
The first light diffusion layer, which is the lower light diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers, has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light peaks when the external light incident angle is ψ1.
The second light diffusion layer, which is the upper light diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers, has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light reaches a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ2 (ψ2 <ψ1). Have
The first light diffusion layer or the second light diffusion layer further has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light has a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ3 (ψ1 <ψ3),
A diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers mainly has a major axis component in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and is short in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. A display device mainly having a shaft component.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Display apparatus, 10 ... Display panel, 11 ... Panel part, 11A ... Pixel electrode, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 ... Light-diffusion layer, 20 ... Drive part, 100 ... Electronic device, 111 ... Main-body part, 112 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Display body part, 113 ... Display apparatus, 114 ... Display screen, 115 ... Operation button, 116 ... Transmission part, 117 ... Reception part, AX1, AX3, AX5 ... Normal, AX2, AX4, AX6 ... Diffusion center axis, D1, D2, D3 ... Diffusion range, I1, I2, I3 ... Orthographic projection, L1, L2, L3 ... Incident light, La ... External light, Lb ... Reflected light, Lc, Ld, Le ... Diffused light, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 ... region, ψ1, ψ2, ψ3 ... angles.

Claims (13)

A reflective or transflective panel,
Three light diffusion layers provided on the panel portion,
Each light diffusing layer strongly diffuses light of components incident from a specific direction at an angle within a specific range of external light reflected from the panel portion and incident from the lower surface side, and weakens light of other components. An anisotropic diffusion layer that diffuses;
The lowermost first light diffusion layer among the three light diffusion layers has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light has a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ1.
Of the three light diffusion layers, a second light diffusion layer different from the first light diffusion layer is a diffusion in which the diffusion of the external light reaches a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ2 (ψ2 <ψ1). Having a central axis,
Of the three light diffusing layers, the third light diffusing layer different from the first light diffusing layer and the second light diffusing layer has the external light when the incident angle of the external light is ψ3 (ψ1 <ψ3). Has a diffusion central axis where the diffusion of
A diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusing layers has a major component mainly in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and is short in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. the component axes mainly closed,
A display panel in which a diffusion distribution of diffused light in one or two of the three light diffusion layers is isotropic . The diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusion layers has a major axis in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and a minor axis in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. Item 4. The display panel according to Item 1. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the orthogonal projections of the diffusion center axes of the respective light diffusion layers are directed in the same direction. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the second light diffusion layer is an uppermost light diffusion layer among the three light diffusion layers. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the second light diffusion layer is a light diffusion layer between the first light diffusion layer and the third light diffusion layer. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein the first light diffusion layer is bonded to the panel portion with an adhesive. A reflective or transflective panel,
Two light diffusion layers provided on the panel unit,
Each light diffusing layer strongly diffuses light of components incident from a specific direction at an angle within a specific range of external light reflected from the panel portion and incident from the lower surface side, and weakens light of other components. An anisotropic diffusion layer that diffuses;
The first light diffusion layer, which is the lower light diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers, has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light peaks when the external light incident angle is ψ1.
The second light diffusion layer, which is the upper light diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers, has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light reaches a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ2 (ψ2 <ψ1). Have
The first light diffusion layer or the second light diffusion layer further has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light has a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ3 (ψ1 <ψ3),
A diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers mainly has a major axis component in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and is short in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. A display panel that mainly has a shaft component. The diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the two light diffusion layers has a major axis in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and a minor axis in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. Item 8. The display panel according to Item 7 . The display panel according to claim 7 , wherein a diffusion distribution of diffused light in one diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers is isotropic. The display panel according to claim 7 , wherein the orthogonal projections of the diffusion center axes of the respective light diffusion layers are directed in the same direction. The display panel according to claim 7 , wherein the first light diffusion layer is bonded to the panel portion with an adhesive. A display panel in which a plurality of pixels are two-dimensionally arranged;
A drive unit for driving each pixel based on the video signal,
The display panel is
A reflective or transflective panel,
Three light diffusion layers provided on the panel portion,
Each light diffusing layer strongly diffuses light of components incident from a specific direction at an angle within a specific range of external light reflected from the panel portion and incident from the lower surface side, and weakens light of other components. An anisotropic diffusion layer that diffuses;
The lowermost first light diffusion layer among the three light diffusion layers has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light has a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ1.
Of the three light diffusion layers, a second light diffusion layer different from the first light diffusion layer is a diffusion in which the diffusion of the external light reaches a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ2 (ψ2 <ψ1). Having a central axis,
Of the three light diffusing layers, the third light diffusing layer different from the first light diffusing layer and the second light diffusing layer has the external light when the incident angle of the external light is ψ3 (ψ1 <ψ3). Has a diffusion central axis where the diffusion of
A diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one of the three light diffusing layers has a major component mainly in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and is short in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. the component axes mainly closed,
A display device in which a diffusion distribution of diffused light in one or two of the three light diffusion layers is isotropic . A display panel in which a plurality of pixels are two-dimensionally arranged;
A drive unit for driving each pixel based on the video signal,
The display panel is
A reflective or transflective panel,
Two light diffusion layers provided on the panel unit,
Each light diffusing layer strongly diffuses light of components incident from a specific direction at an angle within a specific range of external light reflected from the panel portion and incident from the lower surface side, and weakens light of other components. An anisotropic diffusion layer that diffuses;
The first light diffusion layer, which is the lower light diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers, has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light peaks when the external light incident angle is ψ1.
The second light diffusion layer, which is the upper light diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers, has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light reaches a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ2 (ψ2 <ψ1). Have
The first light diffusion layer or the second light diffusion layer further has a diffusion center axis at which the diffusion of the external light has a peak when the incident angle of the external light is ψ3 (ψ1 <ψ3),
A diffusion distribution of diffused light in at least one diffusion layer of the two light diffusion layers mainly has a major axis component in a direction parallel to the specific orientation and is short in a direction orthogonal to the specific orientation. A display device mainly having a shaft component.

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