JP5638304B2 - Clamping device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a workpiece or a clamping device for fixing, for example, when a workpiece is fixed (clamped) in a machining process or the like, or an object is fixed in various production processes.

  Conventionally, various clamping devices of this type have been developed, and various types of clamping devices are used depending on the application. In general, an operation handle and a clamp plate that is operated by a handle operation via a link or a cam are provided, and the workpiece is fixed by the clamp plate. In that case, it may be classified into a lateral push type, a downward pressure type, a tension type, or the like depending on how the clamp plate acts on the workpiece.

  For example, in the toggle clamp disclosed in Patent Document 1 as an example of the prior art, a window hole is made in the handle lever, and a lock lever with a claw pivotally supported by a lock lever holder formed integrally with the base bracket is used by a lock spring. It is biased to one side so that the claw of the lock lever with claw elastically meshes with the edge of the window hole during clamping. Starting with this example, a wide variety of clamping devices are known and have their respective characteristics.

JP 2004-108593 A

  However, the conventional techniques or products have various problems. That is, if the number of times of use is repeated, the rivet caulking portion that couples the apparatus constituent members to each other may loosen, and as a result, the tightening force may not be effective. It becomes difficult to ensure uniform performance as a product, which causes quality defects and the like. Further, if the tightening force or pressure is increased, the length of the handle portion becomes longer, and the product must be enlarged as it is.

  Furthermore, when the size is increased, a larger working space is required, and there is a problem that there is a restriction on not only the clamping device itself but also the arrangement relationship with peripheral devices and the like. Further, when accuracy is required as a clamping device, another holding part or the like is required for that purpose, and there is a problem that the device is complicated.

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention has an object to provide a clamp device that is compact and has high performance, and has excellent usability and durability.

The clamping device according to the present invention includes a cam rotatably supported on the apparatus main body via a cam shaft, a slide bar connected to the cam via a connection arm, and the connection arm near the stroke end of the slide bar. and a contacting stopper, the slide bar by the rotation of the cam, as well as stroke motion to advance and retreat with respect to the workpiece, and pressed against the cam in the vicinity of its stroke end the slide bar, said stopper those The slide bar is biased in a substantially press-contact direction via the connecting arm by contact .

  In the clamping device according to the present invention, the cam is eccentrically supported via the cam shaft, and the pressure contact force of the cam with respect to the slide bar can be adjusted according to the amount of eccentricity of the cam shaft. .

  In the clamping device according to the present invention, the slide bar may include guide means for performing slide guide so that the slide bar operates linearly.

  Further, the clamping device according to the present invention is characterized in that it has a bulleting means for urging the front end portion of the slide bar to float near the backward stroke end of the slide bar.

  According to the present invention, the work can be accurately clamped by the slide bar and stably held in the clamped state. In this case, by appropriately setting the amount of eccentricity of the cam shaft, the pressure contact force of the cam with respect to the slide bar can be adjusted, that is, the strength of the cam action can be adjusted. The entire device is extremely compact, has excellent usability, and has high durability.

  Furthermore, the slide bar can be brought into a so-called double lock state by suitably setting the arrangement state of the shaft centers of the cam shaft and the connecting pin. Thereby, even when an external force or the like acts on the apparatus, the workpiece can be clamped and fixed more stably. Therefore, there is an advantage that high reliability of the apparatus can be guaranteed.

1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a clamping device according to the present invention. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a clamping device according to the present invention. 1 is a side view of a first embodiment of a clamping device according to the present invention. 1 is a plan view of a first embodiment of a clamping device according to the present invention; It is a perspective view which shows the principal part structure of the clamp apparatus by this invention. It is a side view which shows the effect | action in the clamp apparatus by this invention. It is a side view which shows the double locking effect | action in the clamp apparatus by this invention. It is a side view which shows the other effect | action etc. in the clamp apparatus by this invention. It is a perspective view of 2nd Embodiment of the clamp apparatus by this invention. FIG. 6 is a side view of a second embodiment of a clamping device according to the present invention. It is each a side view which shows the effect | action in 2nd Embodiment of the clamp apparatus by this invention. It is each a side view which shows the structural example and effect | action in the modification of 2nd Embodiment of the clamp apparatus by this invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of a clamping device according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a side view of a third embodiment of a clamping device according to the present invention. It is a rear view of 3rd Embodiment of the clamp apparatus by this invention. It is each a side view which shows the effect | action in 3rd Embodiment of the clamp apparatus by this invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a clamping device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 show an example of a clamping device 10 according to this embodiment. In the present embodiment, for example, it is used when the workpiece W is clamped and fixed in various machining processes. Further, in this example, the clamping device 10 is particularly a laterally pressing type, and the workpiece W is clamped by pressing from the side. This shows an example of the device of the present invention, and other modifications are possible as will be described later.

  The workpiece W is set at a predetermined position of a machining apparatus (not shown), and is firmly and stably held by the clamping device 10 during the machining. At that time, the clamping device 10 is disposed at a relatively close position of the workpiece W and is fixed to a suitable position of the frame of the processing device. The basic configuration of the clamp device 10 includes a cam 12 rotatably supported by a device main body 11 via a cam shaft 13 and a slide bar 14 connected to the cam 12 via a connecting arm 15. Then, the rotation of the cam 12 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, arrow A) causes the slide bar 14 to move forward and backward (FIGS. 1 and 2, arrow B) and the vicinity of the stroke end. Thus, the cam 12 comes into pressure contact with the slide bar 14.

  In a more specific configuration of the clamping device 10, a pair of side guides 17 facing each other are erected on the base 16 of the device main body 11, and a relatively narrow housing for accommodating the cam 12 and the like between the side guides 17. A space is formed (see also FIG. 4). As shown in FIG. 3, the bottom surface of the housing space is formed as a slide guide surface 18 that comes into sliding contact when the slide bar 14 performs a stroke operation. The base 16 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes 16a (which may be long holes), and is fastened and fixed to a frame or the like of the processing apparatus by bolts (not shown) inserted through these bolt holes 16a. The

  The cam 12 has a cylindrical outer peripheral surface, and is pressed against the slide bar 14 at a part of the outer peripheral surface. The cam 12 is rotatably supported around the cam shaft 13, but the cam shaft 13 is eccentric with respect to the cylindrical circumference of the cam 12. Since the cam shaft 13 is eccentric in this manner, the cam 12 is pressed against the slide bar 14 at a predetermined rotational position as the cam 12 rotates, and the cam 12 is pressed against the slide bar 14 according to the amount of eccentricity of the cam shaft 13 or the like. The force can be adjusted.

  As described above, the clamping device 10 in this embodiment is a lateral push type that presses the workpiece W from the side. As shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the slide bar 14 extended from the device main body 11 by the rotation of the cam 12 is a workpiece. Press W. A pad 19 may be attached to the tip of the slide bar 14 so that the pad 19 directly contacts the workpiece W. A handle 20 having an appropriate length is attached to the cam 12, and the cam 12 can be rotated by operating the handle 20. The state at the time of clamping is shown in FIG. 1 and the like, but the handle 20 is turned to the opposite side to the state of FIG. 1 at the time of unclamping.

  Here, FIG. 5 which shows the principal part structure of the clamp apparatus 10 is also referred. In this embodiment, the slide bar 14 has a rectangular cross section, and has a flat engagement surface 14a to which the cam 12 can be pressed and engaged. This engagement surface 14a is provided in a step portion formed one step lower (thin). The connecting arm 15 that connects the cam 12 and the slide bar 14 is accommodated in the grooves 21 and 22 formed respectively. The connecting arm 15 is pin-connected to the cam 12 and the slide bar 14 via connecting pins 23 and 24 at both ends thereof.

  The slide bar 14 is formed in a step shape (two steps in this example) as described above, but is provided with guide pins 25 and 26 that slide in contact with the upper step portion and the lower step portion and guide those portions. In addition, the engaging surface 14a mentioned above is formed in the lower step part side. The guide pins 25 and 26 guide and regulate the operation of the slide bar 14 so that the slide bar 14 does not rattle when the stroke operation is performed (particularly in the vertical direction). Further, when the slide bar 14 performs a stroke operation, there is provided a stopper 27 that abuts the connecting arm 15 near the front end of the stroke.

  In the above configuration, when clamping the workpiece W, the clamping device 10 is first placed in an unclamped state, and at this time, the handle 20 is disposed on the left side of the clamping device 10 in this embodiment as shown in FIG. It turns to the side (Position (A)). At this time, the slide bar 14 contracts into the apparatus main body 11, that is, retracts from the workpiece W. When the handle 20 is rotated clockwise as shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C from this unclamped state, the slide bar 14 finally extends to the workpiece W side via the connecting arm 15. .

  The operation during this time will be described more specifically. As the cam 12 is rotated by the rotation of the handle 20, the connecting pin 23 is moved in a substantially circular arc as in positions (A) to (C). With the operation of the connecting pin 23, the connecting arm 15 is biased by the connecting pin 23, and the connecting arm 15 further biases the slide bar 14. In this case, the slide bar 14 is guided and regulated in the stroke operation direction by the guide pins 25 and 26, and the slide bar 14 itself moves linearly so as to extend from the apparatus main body 11 while moving forward with respect to the workpiece W. The cam 12 is eccentrically supported via the cam shaft 13 as described above, and when the cam 12 rotates by a predetermined angle, the cam 12 starts to come into pressure contact with the engaging surface 14a of the slide bar 14, that is, the cam action starts to work due to the engagement of both.

  In this case, although depending on the relationship between the amount of eccentricity between the cam 12 and the cam shaft 13, the cam 12 and the slide bar 14 are pressed and engaged in the vicinity of the forward stroke end of the slide bar 14. The space can be locked. Thereby, the clamp fixation with respect to the workpiece | work W by the slide bar 14 which advanced can be stably hold | maintained. Further, by appropriately setting the amount of eccentricity of the cam shaft 13, the pressure contact force of the cam 12 with respect to the engaging surface 14a of the slide bar 14 can be adjusted, that is, the strength of the cam action can be adjusted. it can.

When the workpiece W is clamped, the slide bar 14 is located substantially near the forward stroke end (position (c) in FIG. 6), and the cam 12 is press-engaged with the slide bar 14 as described above. As shown in FIG. 7, a downward pressing force F ₁ acts on the slide bar 14. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, the connecting arm 15 is close to or substantially in contact with the stopper 27. By further rotating the cam 12 in the direction of the arrow C, the camshaft 13 and the connecting pins 23 and 24 are respectively arranged over the shafts O ₁ , O ₂ , and O _{3 at} an angle of 180 ° as shown in FIG. An array with an angle of more than ° can be obtained.

As described above, when the cam shaft 13 and the connecting pins 23 and 24 are arranged at an angle of 180 ° or more, when the external force F ₂ acts on the slide bar 14 in FIG. Further energization is possible. It is assumed that an external force F ₂ (reaction force) is applied to the slide bar 14 clamping the workpiece W, for example, to push the slide bar 14 backward from the workpiece W side. At this time, as described above, the arrangement state of the cam shaft 13 and the connecting pins 23 and 24 is set to 180 ° or more, and the position of the connecting arm 15 is restricted by the stopper 27. The slide bar 14 urges the connecting arm 15 upward and simultaneously receives the reaction force from the connecting arm 15. As a result, a downward pressing force F ₃ acts on the slide bar 14. This pressing force F ₃ works together with the above-mentioned pressing force F ₁ to strengthen the locked state between the cam 12 and the slide bar 14, and even when such an external force F ₂ acts, The clamp can be fixed stably and reliably.

Here, the mutual relationship among the cam 12, the slide bar 14, and the connecting arm 15 will be further described. In FIG. 8, the cam 12 has a diameter D and an axis O, and the axis O ₁ of the cam shaft 13 is eccentric with respect to the axis O by a dimension E (hereinafter simply referred to as “E”) and F. In the cam mechanism dimensioned as described above, the cam effect margin α is given by α = GH. In this case, the cam margin α can be increased or decreased by changing the ratio of E and F.

Moreover, the stroke St of the slide bar 14 can be freely changed and set by changing the ratio of the diameter D and the I and J that define the position of the connecting pin 23. This stroke St is given by St≈2 (IE).
Furthermore, by changing the diameter D itself, it is possible to change the size parameters of the clamping device 10 by changing the dimensional parameters.

  When the cam 12 is rotated, the slide bar 14 is pressed downward by the cam 12, and the slide bar 14 contacts the slide guide surface 18 of the apparatus main body 11. As a result, the cam 12 can always be used, and the clamp device 10 can be stably operated with appropriate and high accuracy. In addition, in order to minimize wear of members that are in sliding contact with each other, such as between the cam 12 and the slide bar 14, it is preferable to heat-treat these members or use a material having hardness.

Next, a second embodiment of the clamping device of the present invention will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is used for the member which is substantially the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, or respond | corresponds. 9 to 12 show a clamping device 10 according to the second embodiment. This example is a so-called downward pressure type, and the workpiece W is pressed from above to be clamped.
In general, in the case of this downward pressure type, a reaction force is applied upward from the workpiece when the workpiece is clamped, and a load load due to the reaction force is applied to the rivet connecting the clamp bar, the handle and the like. As the frequency of use increases, looseness occurs in the rivet portion, and when it becomes loose, it becomes difficult to clamp properly.

  The basic configuration of the clamping device 10 of the second embodiment is the same as that of the above-described embodiment. In this example, the clamp device 10 can be fastened and fixed to the processing device side by extending a part of the base 16 downward and inserting a bolt into the bolt hole 16a provided in the extended portion 16c. it can. In particular, in the second embodiment, the slide bar 14 is slidable by applying a vertical movement as well as a stroke movement that moves forward and backward with respect to the workpiece W, that is, a parallel movement. Specifically, in FIGS. 9 and 10, the position of one guide pin 25 is appropriately shifted upward so that the degree of freedom in the vertical direction can be increased especially when the slide bar 14 is retracted (during unclamping). it can.

  In this example, further, an elastic unit comprising a compression coil spring 28 is mounted below the guide pin 25 and below the slide bar 14 to urge the slide bar 14 upward. Further, the slide guide surface 18 of the apparatus main body 11 is provided with a notch 29 at the end of the slide bar 14 on the reverse stroke side, so that the tip end side of the slide bar 14 can be allowed to tilt upward. It has become.

  In the clamping device 10 according to the second embodiment, when the workpiece W is clamped, first, the handle 20 is rotated in an unclamped state so that the slud bar 14 moves forward relative to the workpiece W as shown in FIG. To do. At this time, the slide bar 14 is urged upward from the lower side thereof by the compression coil spring 28, and the tip side is once lifted as shown by an arrow. In this case, since the notch 29 is provided in the slide guide surface 18 as described above, the tip end side of the slide bar 14 can be moved upward without difficulty. Then, the slide bar 14 further advances and is pressed downward by the cam 12, and finally the work W can be pressed downward and clamped as shown in FIG.

  According to the clamping device 10 of the second embodiment, the slide bar 14 not only advances to the workpiece W side but also has an action of pressing downward while moving forward when clamping. In this case, as described above, the tip side temporarily moves upward while being pushed forward, and then moves downward, so that it does not twist or get caught with the workpiece W, that is, smoothly exhibits the clamping function. It becomes possible.

  Here, in the clamping device 10 of the second embodiment, as a bullet unit that urges the slide bar 14 upward, as shown in FIG. 12, the leaf spring 30 may be mounted on the lower side of the slide bar 14. . The leaf spring 30 operates in substantially the same manner as the compression coil spring 28. For example, when shifting from the clamped state to the unclamped state, as shown in FIGS. 12A to 12C, when the slide bar 14 moves backward from the workpiece W, the tip end side of the slide bar 14 is temporarily moved upward by the leaf spring 30. Pushed up.

  Furthermore, a third embodiment of the clamping device of the present invention will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is used for the member which is substantially the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment, or respond | corresponds. 13 to 15 show a clamping device 10 according to the third embodiment. This example is a so-called tension type, and the workpiece W is pulled and clamped to the front side. In the third embodiment, the cam 12 in the case of the first embodiment described above is inverted and used to convert to the tension type.

  The basic configuration of the clamp device 10 is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. The cam 12 is rotatably supported by the device main body 11 via a cam shaft 13 and the cam 12 is connected via a connecting arm 15. And a slide bar 14 coupled to the. The slide bar 14 has a pair of side guides 17 erected on the base 16 so as to move on the slide guide surface 18. A hook 19 ′ is attached to the tip of the slide bar 14 so that the hook 19 ′ is hooked on the workpiece W. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  In the clamping device 10 of the third embodiment, when clamping the workpiece W, the clamping device 10 is first placed in an unclamped state, and at this time, the handle 20 is opposite to the workpiece W as shown in FIG. It goes around. At this time, the slide bar 14 extends from the apparatus main body 11, that is, approaches the workpiece W side. By rotating the handle 20 counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 16A from this unclamped state, the slide bar 14 moves backward from the workpiece W via the connecting arm 15. As shown in FIG. 14, the workpiece W can be pulled and fixed with a predetermined load by finally moving the predetermined stroke St.

  Even in the case of the third embodiment, when the workpiece W is clamped, the connecting arm 15 is further urged upward with respect to the stopper 27 to make a double-locked state, thereby making the workpiece W more stable and reliable. Clamp can be fixed.

10 Clamping Device, 12 Cam, 13 Cam Shaft, 14 Slide Bar, 15 Connecting Arm, 16 Base, 17 Side Guide, 18 Slide Guide Surface, 20 Handle, 21, 22 Groove, 23, 24 Connecting Pin, 25, 26 Guide Pin , W Work.

Claims (4)

A cam rotatably supported on the apparatus body via a cam shaft; a slide bar coupled to the cam via a coupling arm; and a stopper abutting on the coupling arm near the stroke end of the slide bar. ,
As the cam rotates, the slide bar moves so as to advance and retreat with respect to the workpiece, and the cam is pressed against the slide bar near the stroke end ,
The clamp device according to claim 1, wherein the slide bar is urged in a substantially press-contact direction via the connecting arm by the contact of the stopper .   2. The clamp device according to claim 1, wherein the cam is eccentrically supported via the cam shaft, and the pressure contact force of the cam with respect to the slide bar can be adjusted according to the amount of eccentricity of the cam shaft. The clamping device according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising guide means for sliding and guiding the slide bar so as to move linearly. The clamping device according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a bulleting means for urging the front end portion of the slide bar to float in the vicinity of the backward stroke end of the slide bar.

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