JP5628782B2 - Guide member, linear guide and cylinder with guide - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a guide member, a linear guide having a guide member, and a guided cylinder having a guide member.

  In a linear guide, a guide member is provided between a guide rail and a slide table that moves along the guide rail. The guide member has a plurality of cylindrical rollers. Then, the outer peripheral surfaces of the plurality of rollers come into contact with the guide rail and roll, so that the slide table moves smoothly along the guide rail.

  By the way, in order to move the slide table smoothly, it is necessary to adjust the outer diameter by reducing errors during the manufacture of the rollers, especially the outer diameter error of the rollers, and the direction of the guide rail and the guide rail It was necessary to form the contact surface straight and flat with high accuracy. In other words, the roller is configured in a cylindrical shape, is less likely to be deformed, and has an advantage that higher rigidity can be obtained because there are more contact surfaces than a ball-type guide member. If it could not be created well, there was a risk that the load would not be evenly distributed, making it difficult to move smoothly or making it difficult to assemble. In addition, it takes time and cost to produce accurately.

  Therefore, as described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to obtain a high rigidity by absorbing an outer diameter error of a roller generated during manufacturing and bringing all the rollers into uniform contact with each other. The guide member which can prevent generation | occurrence | production reliably was considered. According to Patent Document 1, by making the rollers cylindrical (hollow), it is possible to change the rollers in the radial direction, absorb errors in the outer diameter of the rollers, etc. The contact is made almost uniformly. As a result, the roller can be linearly moved along the guide rail without a backlash by applying a predetermined preload to the guide rail by selecting an outer diameter to be applied according to the finishing accuracy of the guide rail. I have to.

JP 2001-27234 A

  However, when such a cylindrical roller is used, when a load much larger than that normally applied to the slide table is instantaneously applied, for example, a slide that suddenly stops the movement of the slide table. There was a possibility that the roller would be deformed when an excessive load such as an external force was applied to the work placed on the table or an impact was applied. When the roller is deformed, there arises a problem that the slide table cannot be moved smoothly.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide a guide member capable of preventing plastic deformation of a roller even when a high load is applied instantaneously, a linear guide having the guide member, and a guided cylinder having the guide member. .

In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is provided between a guide rail and a slide table configured to be linearly movable along the guide rail, and the slide table is attached to the guide rail. In the guide member that is supported so as to be linearly movable, a plurality of rollers in contact with the guide rail and the slide table are provided, and a part of the rollers is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the remaining rollers are formed in a cylindrical shape The cylindrical roller and the columnar roller are made of the same material, and two columnar rollers are respectively provided at both ends of the guide member in the moving direction of the slide table. the gist that you are.

The gist of the invention according to claim 2 is that, in the guide member according to claim 1, the outer diameter of the cylindrical roller is formed larger than the outer diameter of the columnar roller.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the guide member according to the first or second aspect, the rotation axis of the roller is inclined so as to be perpendicular to the rotation axis of the roller adjacent to the roller, and is adjacent to the roller. When a set of rollers is arranged on the guide member so as not to intersect with the rotation axis of the roller and the rotation axes of the rollers are at right angles, at least a part of the set of the rollers is formed in a cylindrical shape. In addition, the remaining rollers are formed in a cylindrical shape.

The invention according to claim 4 is a linear guide comprising a guide rail and a slide table fixed to be movable along the guide rail and having a work mounting surface. The guide member as described in any one of 3 is interposed between the said slide table and the said guide rail, and makes it a summary to support a slide table so that linear movement is possible along a guide rail.

The invention according to claim 5 includes a guide rail, a slide table fixed so as to be movable along the guide rail, a work mounting surface, and a cylinder for moving the slide table. A guide cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the guide member is interposed between the slide table and the guide rail, and the slide table is linearly moved along the guide rail. The gist is to support it as possible.

  According to the present invention, the roller can be prevented from being deformed even when a high load is momentarily applied.

(A) And (b) is a perspective view of a linear guide. The front view of a linear guide. (A) is a front view of a guide member, (b) is sectional drawing of a guide member. (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the positional relationship of a slide table, a guide rail, and a guide member. (A) is a schematic diagram which shows the aspect of each roller before and after an impact is added, (b) is a schematic diagram which shows the aspect of each roller when an impact is applied.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a linear guide will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the terms “front-rear direction”, “vertical direction”, and “left-right direction” unless otherwise specified indicate “front-rear direction”, “vertical direction”, and “left-right direction” indicated by arrows in each drawing. ".

  As shown in FIG. 1A, a slide table 12 having a work mounting surface is provided on a rectangular guide rail 11 constituting the linear guide 10. When viewed from the front-rear direction in FIG. 1, the slide table 12 has a concave shape in the downward direction, and the guide rail 11 is accommodated in the recess. Further, the guide rail 11 and the slide table 12 are formed to extend in the front-rear direction.

  Lower rails 11L and 11R forming V-shaped grooves are formed on the left and right side surfaces 11b of the guide rail 11 in the front-rear direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the grooves of the lower rails 11 </ b> L and 11 </ b> R are formed so that the tip 11 </ b> T has a right angle. The two lower groove surfaces 11La and 11Lb constituting the groove of the lower rail 11L are formed so that the widths thereof are the same length. Similarly, the two lower groove surfaces 11Ra and 11Rb constituting the groove of the lower rail 11R are formed so that the widths thereof are the same length.

  Further, upper rails 12L and 12R forming V-shaped grooves are formed in the front-rear direction on the inner surface 12b on the left and right inner sides of the concave portion of the slide table 12. The grooves of the upper rails 12L and 12R are formed so that the tip 12T has a right angle. The two upper groove surfaces 12La and 12Lb constituting the groove of the upper rail 12L are formed so that the widths thereof are the same length. Similarly, the two upper groove surfaces 12Ra and 12Rb constituting the upper rail 12R are formed so that the widths thereof are the same.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the slide table 12 includes a point d1 where the front surface 12a of the slide table 12 and the front surface 11a of the guide rail 11 coincide with each other, and a front surface 11a to a back surface 11c (see FIG. 4). A straight line is moved (directly moved) along the guide rail 11 (particularly, the side surface 11b) between the points d2 which are intermediate points up to (shown).

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, guide members 13 provided with rollers 14 are interposed between the lower rail 11L and the upper rail 12L and between the lower rail 11R and the upper rail 12R, respectively.

Hereinafter, the guide member 13 interposed between the guide rail 11 and the slide table 12 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3A, the guide member 13 in the present embodiment includes a plurality of rollers 14 and a holder 15 (retainer). The holder 15 is configured by a plate-like member extending in the front-rear direction. The holder 15 is provided with a plurality (eight in the present embodiment) of processing portions 16 for receiving the rollers 14 formed in a columnar shape or a cylindrical shape. The processing unit 16 stores the roller 14 so that the rotation axis J of the roller 14 is inclined by 45 ° with respect to the left and right surfaces 18 of the holder 15.

  In the guide member 13, each roller 14 is disposed so as to be inclined at right angles to the rotation axis J of the adjacent roller 14 and not to intersect with the rotation axis J of the adjacent roller 14. That is, in the guide member 13, each roller 14 is accommodated in each processing portion 16 of the holder 15 so as to form a cross roller structure. In FIG. 3B, the rotation axis J of the roller 14 indicated by a solid line is indicated by a one-dot chain line, and the rotation axis J of the roller 14 adjacent to the roller 14 is indicated by a two-dot chain line.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3A, among the eight processed portions 16 of the holder 15, the processed portions 16a and 16h at both ends in the front-rear direction, and the processed portions 16b and 16g adjacent to the processed portions 16a and 16h. Includes a cylindrical roller 14A that is difficult to deform. On the other hand, among the eight processing portions 16 of the holder 15, the processing portions 16c, 16d, 16e, and 16f other than the processing portions 16a, 16b, 16g, and 16h are arranged in the width direction (direction perpendicular to the rotation axis J) to the rollers 14A. The cylindrical roller 14B having a hollow structure that is easily deformed is housed. In the following description, as shown in FIG. 3A, the rollers 14 respectively accommodated in the processing portions 16a to 16h may be described as rollers 14a to 14h.

  And when two adjacent rollers are made into 1 set, the 1 set of rollers 14 (for example, roller 14a, 14b) located in both ends in the front-back direction of the guide member 13 are the cylindrical rollers 14A. A set of rollers 14 (for example, rollers 14c and 14d) that are not positioned at both ends in the front-rear direction of the guide member 13 are cylindrical rollers 14B.

  Of the plurality of rollers 14 of the guide member 13, the diameter (outer diameter) D1 of the cylindrical roller 14A is smaller than the diameter (outer diameter) D2 of the cylindrical roller 14B. Note that, when an external force is applied to the cylindrical roller 14B in the width direction of the roller 14B, when the shape of the roller 14B is deformed, the roller 14B may be plastically deformed as it is. The longer diameter is set as the diameter D1 of the cylindrical roller 14A.

  The guide member 13 is interposed between the guide rail 11 and the slide table 12. Specifically, the guide member 13 has an outer peripheral surface parallel to the rotation axis J of the rollers 14a, 14c, 14e, and 14g of the guide member 13, and the upper groove surface 12La of the upper rail 12L and the lower groove surface 11Lb of the lower rail 11L. It is interposed so as to face. At this time, the outer peripheral surface of the guide member 13 that is parallel to the rotation axis J of the rollers 14b, 14d, 14f, and 14h faces the upper groove surface 12Lb of the upper rail 12L and the lower groove surface 11La of the lower rail 11L. Is done. Similarly, the guide member 13 has an outer peripheral surface parallel to the rotation axis J of each roller 14 of the guide member 13 such that the upper groove surface 12Ra of the upper rail 12R and the lower groove surface 11Rb of the lower rail 11R or the upper groove surface 12Rb. It is interposed so as to face the lower groove surface 12Ra. In the following description, the outer peripheral surface parallel to the rotation axis J of the roller 14 may be simply referred to as “rotation surface”.

  In addition, after the guide member 13 is interposed, preload is applied from both the left and right sides of the linear guide 10 toward the center in the left and right direction of the linear guide 10, so that the rotating surface of the cylindrical roller 14 </ b> B is moved to the groove surface 11 La. , 11Lb, 11Ra, 11Rb, 12La, 12Lb, 12Ra, 12Rb.

  In the linear guide 10 of the present embodiment, even when the slide table 12 moves linearly along the side surface 11b of the guide rail 11, the guide member 13 is located between the upper rails 12L and 12R and the lower rails 11L and 11R. A stopper (not shown) is provided on the slide table 12 and the back surface 11 c of the guide rail 11. Specifically, on the front surface 12a of the slide table 12, even when the slide table 12 (the front surface 12a thereof) linearly moves to the point d2, the guide member 13 (all or part of the guide member 13) between the point d1 and the point d2. A stopper is provided so as to seal the upper rails 12L, 12R so as not to be positioned. Further, a stopper is provided on the back surface 11c of the guide rail 11 so as to seal the lower rails 11L and 11R so that the guide member 13 (all or a part thereof) is not positioned behind the back surface 11c of the guide rail 11. Is provided.

  Here, the positional relationship of the guide member 13 when the slide table 12 moves linearly along the side surface 11b of the guide rail 11 will be described with reference to FIG. 4A shows the positional relationship among the guide rail 11, the slide table 12, and the guide member 13 when the slide table 12 (the front surface 12a thereof) is located at the point d1. 4B shows a positional relationship among the guide rail 11, the slide table 12, and the guide member 13 when the slide table 12 (the front surface 12a thereof) is located at the point d2.

  When the slide table 12 is positioned at the point d1, the guide member 13 is positioned at a central point in the front-rear direction of the lower rails 11L and 11R. On the other hand, when the slide table 12 is located at the point d2, the guide member 13 is configured such that the rear part of the guide member 13 is located at the last part of the lower rails 11L and 11R. When the front surface 12a of the slide table 12 is positioned at an intermediate point between the point d1 and the point d2, the guide member 13 is moved from the central point in the front-rear direction of the lower rails 11L, 11R to the rearmost part of the lower rails 11L, 11R. Between the points, the entire guide member 13 is positioned at a point interposed between the guide rail 11 and the slide table 12.

Here, the aspect of each roller of the linear guide 10 of this embodiment is demonstrated based on FIG.
In FIG. 5, for convenience of explanation, among the eight rollers 14 interposed between the guide rail 11 and the slide table 12, the rotation axis J is inclined at the same angle as the rotation axis J of the roller 14 a and the roller 14 a. The rollers 14c, 14e, and 14g are shown. In FIG. 5, a member positioned above the roller 14 (in the description of FIG. 5, only the rollers 14a, 14c, 14e, and 14g) is a slide table 12, and a member positioned below the roller 14 is a guide rail. 11 will be described.

  FIG. 5A shows an aspect of each roller 14 when no impact is applied to the linear guide 10 of the present embodiment. At this time, the length between the slide table 12 and the guide rail 11 is the same as the diameter of the roller 14 having the longest diameter among the rollers 14 interposed between the slide table 12 and the guide rail 11. . In the present embodiment, of the rollers 14a, 14c, 14e, and 14g, the diameter D2 of the rollers 14c and 14e is longer than the diameter D1 of the rollers 14a and 14g, so that the length between the slide table 12 and the guide rail 11 is long. This is D2. For this reason, when an impact is not applied, the roller 14B supports the slide table.

  Next, the mode of each roller when an impact is momentarily applied to the linear guide 10 shown in FIG. 5A will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, in the linear guide 10 shown in FIG. 5A, it is assumed that an impact is instantaneously applied in the direction from the slide table 12 toward the guide rail 11.

  When an impact is applied, the shape of the cylindrical roller 14B is deformed in the direction in which the impact is applied. Along with this, the position of the slide table 12 supported by the roller 14B moves in a direction in which an impact is applied. In FIG. 5B, as presupposed, an impact is applied in the direction from the slide table 12 toward the guide rail 11, so that the roller 14 </ b> B is deformed and the slide table 12 moves in the direction toward the guide rail 11.

  However, the rollers 14a and 14g at both ends of the rollers 14c and 14e are cylindrical rollers 14A that are not easily deformed even when an external force is applied. For this reason, even if an external force (impact) is applied and the roller 14B is deformed, when the distance between the slide table 12 and the guide rail 11 shortened by the deformation reaches the diameter D1 of the roller 14A, the roller 14A The slide table 12 comes into contact. Since the roller 14A is difficult to deform as described above, the roller 14A supports the slide table 12 instead of the roller 14B when an impact is applied.

  After that, when the impact applied instantaneously stops, the shape of the roller 14B returns to the original shape, and the length between the slide table 12 and the guide rail 11 becomes D2, as shown in FIG. 5A. . For this reason, when an impact is not applied, the roller 14B supports the slide table.

As described above in detail, the present embodiment has the following effects.
(1) A part of the roller 14 of the guide member 13 is a roller 14A formed in a columnar shape, and the remaining roller 14 is a roller 14B formed in a cylindrical shape. For this reason, even when an impact is applied instantaneously, the roller 14A, which is difficult to be deformed, replaces the slide table 12 in place of the roller 14B so that an external force is not excessively applied to the cylindrical roller 14B that is more easily deformed than the roller 14A. To support. Therefore, even if an impact is applied instantaneously, the cylindrical roller 14B can be protected from plastic deformation. In addition, since all the rollers 14 of the guide member 13 are not column-shaped rollers 14A but also cylindrical rollers 14B that do not require much accuracy in diameter (outer diameter), all the rollers 14 are used as the rollers 14A. It is possible to save time and cost compared to the case.

  (2) The diameter (outer diameter) of the cylindrical roller 14B is formed larger than the diameter (outer diameter) of the columnar roller 14A. For this reason, after the roller 14B is interposed between the guide rail 11 and the slide table 12, the rotation surface of the roller 14B can be brought into firm contact with the guide rail 11 and the slide table 12 by applying a preload. As a result, the assembling work can be easily performed and the outer diameter accuracy of the cylindrical roller 14A is not so required. Therefore, labor and cost can be reduced.

  (3) Since the roller 14 of the guide member 13 has a cross roller structure, even if an external force is applied from a direction other than the traveling direction (the width direction of any one of the rollers 14a to 14h). The slide table 12 can be supported.

  (4) One set of rollers 14 positioned at both ends of the guide member 13 in the traveling direction of the slide table 12 is a cylindrical roller 14A. Therefore, even if an external force is applied from a direction other than the traveling direction (the width direction of any one of the rollers 14a to 14h), the cylindrical rollers 14A located at both ends of the guide member 13 are cylindrical. The external force can be received instead of the roller 14B, and the cylindrical roller 14B can be protected from plastic deformation.

In addition, the said embodiment can be actualized in another embodiment (another example) as follows.
In the above embodiment, a drive source for moving the slide table 12 linearly may be provided. For example, you may comprise so that the position of the slide table 12 may be directly moved between the point d1 and the point d2 with the air cylinder which can be moved by supply and discharge | emission of gas. When configured in this manner, even if an impact generated by the operation of the air cylinder is applied to the guide member 13, the cylindrical roller 14B can be protected from plastic deformation. In addition, when using a cylinder as a drive source for moving the slide table 12 linearly, it becomes a cylinder with a guide comprised by the slide table 12, the guide rail 11, and a cylinder.

  In the above embodiment, the length in the direction (height direction) orthogonal to the diameter of the roller 14 is preferably equal to or less than the diameter D1 of the cylindrical roller 14A. As a result, when a radial impact is applied to a certain roller 14, an impact from a direction (height direction) perpendicular to the radial direction is applied to the roller 14 adjacent to the roller 14 to cause plastic deformation. Can be prevented.

In the above embodiment, the plurality of rollers 14 of the guide member 13 need not have a cross roller structure.
In the guide member 13 of the above embodiment, each roller 14 is provided so as to be perpendicular to the rotation axis J of the adjacent roller 14, but an angle that is not perpendicular to the rotation axis J of the adjacent roller 14 (for example, 30 The cross roller structure may be formed by inclining in the clockwise (or counterclockwise) direction in FIG. 3B by (° or 60 °).

  In the above embodiment, the two rollers 14 at both ends of the guide member 13 are cylindrical rollers 14A. However, some rollers 14 may be cylindrical rollers 14A even if they are not both ends. For example, in FIG. 3A, the rollers 14c, 14d, 14e, and 14f may be cylindrical rollers 14A, and the rollers 14a, 14b, 14g, and 14h may be cylindrical rollers 14B. That is, one set of rollers 14 positioned at both ends in the front-rear direction of the guide member 13 is a cylindrical roller 14B, and one set of rollers 14 not positioned at both ends in the front-rear direction of the guide member 13 is a cylindrical roller. It may be 14A.

  In the above embodiment, the outer diameter (diameter) D1 of the roller 14A does not have to be smaller than the outer diameter (diameter) D2 of the roller 14B. However, it is preferable that the diameter D1 of the roller 14A is equal to or less than the diameter D2 of the roller 14B.

  -It is not necessary to provide the holder 15 in the guide member 13 of the said embodiment. In this case, only the rollers 14 a to 14 h are interposed between the guide rail 11 and the slide table 12. With this configuration, the rollers 14 a to 14 h function as the guide member 13.

  In the above embodiment, among the rollers 14 of the guide member 13 interposed between the guide rail 11 and the slide table 12, the direction in which the rotation axis J of the roller 14 positioned rearmost is inclined is shown in FIG. In this case, it may be interposed in any of the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction. That is, in the above embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the guide member 13 parallel to the rotation axis J of the rollers 14a, 14c, 14e, and 14g faces the upper groove surface 12Lb of the upper rail 12L and the lower groove surface 11La of the lower rail 11L. As described above, the guide member 13 may be interposed between the guide rail 11 and the slide table 12. At this time, the guide member 13 has an outer peripheral surface parallel to the rotation axis J of the rollers 14b, 14d, 14f, and 14h so that the upper groove surface 12La of the upper rail 12L faces the lower groove surface 11Lb of the lower rail 11L. It is interposed between the rail 11 and the slide table 12.

Next, a technical idea that can be grasped from the above embodiment and another example will be added below.
(A) The rotating shaft of at least some of the rollers of the guide member is provided at an angle different from the rotating shafts of the other rollers according to the contact angle of the contact surface of the guide rail. The guide member according to claim 1 or 2.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Linear guide, 11 ... Guide rail, 11L, 11R ... Lower rail, 12 ... Slide table, 12L, 12R ... Upper rail, 13 ... Guide member, 14 ... Roller, 14A ... Cylindrical roller, 14B ... Cylindrical shape Roller, 15 ... retainer (retainer), 16 ... working part, D1 ... diameter of cylindrical roller, D2 ... diameter of cylindrical roller, J ... rotating shaft.

Claims (5)

In a guide member provided between a guide rail and a slide table configured to be linearly movable along the guide rail, and supporting the slide table so as to be linearly movable along the guide rail,
There are multiple rollers in contact with the guide rail and slide table,
A part of the roller is formed in a columnar shape, the remaining rollers are formed in a cylindrical shape, and the cylindrical roller and the columnar roller are formed of the same material,
Two guide rollers are provided at both ends of the guide member in the moving direction of the slide table, respectively .   The guide member according to claim 1, wherein an outer diameter of the cylindrical roller is formed larger than an outer diameter of the columnar roller. The rotation axis of the roller is inclined so as to be perpendicular to the rotation axis of the roller adjacent to the roller, and is disposed on the guide member so as not to intersect with the rotation axis of the adjacent roller.
In the case where a set of rollers in which the angles of the rotation axes of each other are perpendicular to each other, one set of the rollers is formed in a columnar shape, and the remaining rollers are formed in a cylindrical shape. The guide member according to claim 1, wherein the guide member is provided. In a linear guide provided with a guide rail and a slide table fixed to be movable along the guide rail and having a work mounting surface,
A guide member according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is interposed between the slide table and the guide rail, and supports the slide table so as to be linearly movable along the guide rail. Characteristic linear guide. In a cylinder with a guide, comprising: a guide rail; a slide table fixed to be movable along the guide rail; a slide table having a workpiece mounting surface; and a cylinder for moving the slide table.
A guide member according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is interposed between the slide table and the guide rail, and supports the slide table so as to be linearly movable along the guide rail. Features a cylinder with a guide.