JP5624801B2 - Absorbent articles - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an absorbent article, and more particularly, to an absorbent article having a function of notifying a replacement time by discoloration due to urination.

A technique for providing a urine indicator on an absorbent article such as a disposable diaper is known (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). For example, there is a method of visually recognizing the discoloration by providing an indicator that changes color when it comes into contact with moisture between the back sheet and the absorber, and making it visible from the back sheet side. In this case, the liquid which permeate | transmitted the thickness direction of the absorber transfers from the non-skin surface side of an absorber, and changes an indicator.
Some arrangements of the indicator have been devised for the visibility of discoloration from the back sheet side. For example, a diaper (see Patent Document 3) that uses a thin paper and a shape-retaining sheet to prevent diffusion of the discoloring agent that dissolves in urine to improve discoloration visibility, or a water-soluble transparent resin layer inside the back sheet And a water-soluble ink layer on the transparent resin layer, and a diaper that attempts to improve the visibility of changes by clear disappearance of color due to urination (see Patent Document 4). Furthermore, when an indicator containing a hydrophilic composition having a pH change of 4 or more and a color change and an acidic compound that maintains the pH of the hydrophilic composition at 4 or less is dissolved in water, it is applied to the skin side of the back sheet that exhibits alkalinity. A disposable diaper is disclosed (see Patent Document 5). Thus, it is possible to prevent erroneous discoloration due to factors unrelated to the liquid absorption of the absorber, such as a minute amount of moisture under high temperature and high humidity.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-28016 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-7809 JP 2004-337386 A JP 2004-222808 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-4852

  By the way, in an absorbent article such as a diaper having an indicator on the non-skin surface side of the conventional absorber as described above, the indicator does not change color until the normal liquid reaches the non-skin surface side of the absorber. That is, when the color changes, the absorber has already absorbed a considerable amount of liquid, and in some cases, the limit of the absorption holding capacity may be reached. Alternatively, the color may change even though there is still a margin in the absorption holding capacity. On the other hand, if the discoloration can be confirmed at a desired time with respect to the absorption holding capacity of the disposable diaper, the convenience is greatly improved. Considering the fact that urination is frequent during the day, unlike defecation, the labor of exchanging diapers for users or guardians is greatly improved. In particular, if urination is detected at just the right time without being too early or too late, and subsequent cleaning such as changing clothes due to urine leakage can be avoided, the burden on the user, guardian or caregiver can be reduced.

  Therefore, the present invention can timely know that there was urination due to a visual change of the labeling material, and in particular, even when there is variation in the amount of urination once, it is possible to appropriately know and judge the time for replacement. An object is to provide an absorbent article.

  The present invention includes a top sheet, a back sheet, and an absorbent body interposed between the two sheets, and the top sheet is mounted on the wearer skin contact surface side and the back sheet is mounted on the wearer non-skin contact surface side. An absorbent article, wherein the absorbent article has a longitudinal direction and a width direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction, and the labeling material is visually changed by contact with a liquid between the absorbent body and the back sheet. The absorbent body is composed of a skin-side absorbent body located on the wearer's skin contact surface side and a non-skin-side absorbent body located on the non-skin contact surface side, and the skin-side absorbent body and the non-skin An absorbent article provided with a liquid diffusion mechanism for diffusing liquid in the surface direction between the side absorbent bodies is provided.

  The absorbent article of the present invention can timely know that urination has occurred due to a visual change of the labeling material, and in particular, even when there is a variation in the amount of urination once, appropriately know the time for replacement and judge There is an excellent effect of being able to.

It is a partial notch expansion | deployment top view which shows typically the state which expand | deployed the expansion | deployment type disposable diaper as one Embodiment (Embodiment 1) in the absorbent article of this invention from the non-skin surface side (back surface sheet side). FIG. 2A is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is an explanatory view showing a part of the members further schematically. It is an expanded sectional view equivalent to Drawing 2 showing typically modification 1 of the liquid diffusion mechanism in the deployment type disposable diaper of Embodiment 1. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a mode that the water guide groove | channel as the modification 1 of the liquid diffusion mechanism in FIG. 3 is arrange | positioned in the skin surface side of the non-skin side absorber together with a skin side absorber. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows typically a mode that the water conveyance area | region as the modification 2 of the liquid diffusion mechanism in FIG. 3 is distribute | arranged to the skin surface side of the non-skin side absorber. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing, together with the skin-side absorbent body, a state in which a compressed liquid discharge portion that bears a part of Modification 3 of the liquid diffusion mechanism in FIG. 3 is disposed on the skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorbent body. is there. 6 schematically shows a state in which the crotch portion of the non-skin-side absorbent body is rolled and an inclined water conduit (Modification 3 of the liquid diffusion mechanism) is formed when the deployable disposable diaper using the liquid diffusion mechanism shown in FIG. 6 is mounted. FIG. It is a side view which shows typically a mode that the water guide groove | channel shown in FIG. 3 diffuses a liquid. It is an expanded sectional view equivalent to Drawing 2 showing typically the cross section of the deployment type disposable diaper width direction as another embodiment (embodiment 2) in the absorptive article of the present invention. It is a figure which shows typically the modification of the non-skin side absorber in the expansion | deployment type disposable diaper of Embodiment 2, (a) is the top view, (b) is the XX sectional drawing.

[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutout plan view schematically showing a developed state of a deployable disposable diaper 10 as an embodiment (Embodiment 1) in an absorbent article of the present invention from the non-skin surface side (back sheet side). It is. FIG. 2A is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B is an explanatory view showing a part of the members further schematically.
As shown in FIG. 1, the disposable diaper 10 of Embodiment 1 includes a liquid-permeable top sheet 1 disposed on the skin contact surface side, a waterproof back sheet 2 disposed on the non-skin contact surface side, And an absorber 3 interposed between the two sheets. Furthermore, a pair of side sheets 7 and 7 are laminated on the skin surface side of the top sheet 1 and extend outward in the width direction. The side sheet 7 and the surface sheet 1 on the skin surface side and the back sheet 2 on the non-skin surface side are joined on the outer side in the width direction of the absorbent body 3 to form the outer shape of the disposable diaper 10. The disposable diaper 10 is arranged on the abdomen side F disposed on the abdomen side of the wearer when worn, the crotch part C disposed on the crotch part of the wearer, and the dorsal side of the wearer in the plan view of the deployed state. The crotch part C as a whole has an hourglass shape that is bound inward in the width direction.

  In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the surface in contact with the human body is referred to as the skin side surface or skin contact surface or surface, and the opposite surface is referred to as the non-skin surface or non-skin contact surface or back surface. Also, the direction that is relatively close to the skin side or the extension direction thereof is referred to as the skin surface side, the skin contact surface side or the surface side, and the direction that is relatively close to the non-skin surface or the extension direction thereof is referred to as the non-skin side. It is called the skin contact surface side or the back surface side. The direction positioned on the front side of the human body when worn is referred to as the front, and its end is referred to as the front end, and the direction positioned on the rear is referred to as the rear, and the end is referred to as the rear end. The normal direction of the front or back surface of the absorbent article is called the thickness direction, and the amount is called thickness. Further, a direction having a relatively long length in a plan view of the absorbent article is referred to as a longitudinal direction, and a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is referred to as a width direction. The vertical direction typically coincides with the front-rear direction of the human body when worn.

  In the disposable diaper 10 according to Embodiment 1, the absorbent body 3 includes a skin-side absorbent body 31 on the skin surface side and a non-skin-side absorbent body 32 on the non-skin surface side, and each absorbent body covers an absorbent core. The sheet is coated with a sheet (in FIG. 1, the absorbent core and the coated sheet are not shown, and only the absorbent body is shown to avoid complication). The skin-side absorber 31 is disposed on the skin surface side with respect to the non-skin-side absorber 32 and absorbs and retains excretion fluid from the topsheet 1. On the other hand, the non-skin-side absorber 32 is effective in preventing side leakage because the non-skin-side absorber 32 can absorb and hold the leaked liquid when the skin-side absorber 31 cannot absorb and hold the liquid.

  In the non-skin-side absorbent body 32 of the first embodiment, a single liquid diffusion sheet 4 extends from the skin surface side to both side surfaces in the width direction and covers the non-skin surface side. The portion of the liquid diffusion sheet 4 that is disposed on the skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorber 31 is a portion that extends in the plane direction so as to cover the entire non-skin side surface of the skin-side absorber 31, and the skin-side absorber It becomes the liquid diffusion mechanism 41 which diffuses the liquid which leaks from 31 to a surface direction (refer Fig.2 (a)). On the other hand, the portion of the liquid diffusion sheet 4 that is disposed on the non-skin surface side of the non-skin side absorber 32 is a portion that spreads in the plane direction between the non-skin side absorber 32 and the back sheet 2. The back surface side liquid diffusion mechanism 42 guides the liquid diffused by the diffusion mechanism 41 inward in the width direction (see FIG. 2A). In the present invention, the liquid diffusion mechanism has a function of actively diffusing body fluid such as urination to the side surface of the absorbent body or to the outside thereof. In the present invention, the liquid diffusion mechanism is disposed between the skin-side absorber 31 and the non-skin-side absorber 32, so that the liquid that permeates in the thickness direction is quickly diffused and detoured on the back sheet 2 side. May contact the indicator. As long as the liquid diffusion mechanism is arranged between the skin side absorber 31 and the non-skin side absorber 32, the liquid diffusion mechanism is disposed between both absorbers, such as a liquid diffusion sheet made of independent members. However, the present invention may include a portion having a liquid diffusing function in a part of a predetermined member such as the non-skin surface side of the skin-side absorber 31 or the skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorber 32. Examples of the liquid diffusion function include a method of utilizing the capillary force of the fiber when the member is made of a fiber (for example, a method of increasing the fiber density), a method of forming a structural channel in the member, and the like. .

  Between the back sheet 2 and the back surface side liquid diffusing mechanism 42, there are disposed three strips (indicators) 6a, 6b, 6c that visually change by contact with moisture. The indicators 6a, 6b, 6c extend in the longitudinal direction from the crotch C to the ventral side F and / or the dorsal side R, and are intermittently arranged in the width direction. The aggregate of the three indicators 6a, 6b, 6c having a length in the vertical direction becomes an indicator region 6 having a spread in the surface direction, particularly in the width direction. In the indicator region 6, an indicator 6b is disposed near the center in the width direction, and indicators 6a and 6c are disposed on the left and right outer sides in the width direction. The position of the indicator 6b and the vicinity thereof are referred to as a central region, and the positions of the indicators 6a and 6c and the vicinity thereof are referred to as side regions. The indicators 6a, 6b, 6c are all in contact with the back side liquid diffusion mechanism 42. It should be noted that the indicator “having a spread in the plane direction” means including a continuous area spread of one indicator and a spread due to a plurality of indicators scattered or intermittently arranged. In other words, the indicator region 6 is not limited to the aspect of the first embodiment, and may be a region formed by an assembly of a plurality of marker materials, and one marker material has a width in the width direction. Alternatively, it may be a region having a length in the vertical direction and a predetermined area in the surface direction.

  In the first embodiment, the diffusion of the liquid in the surface direction by the liquid diffusion mechanism 41 not only causes the liquid to be absorbed by the wide surface of the non-skin-side absorbent body 32, but also part of the liquid to the non-skin surface side. There exists an effect | action which guides quickly to the indicator area | region 6 located. Although details will be described later, in the first embodiment, body fluid such as urine is prevented from permeating in the thickness direction and reaching the back sheet 2 side as it is, and in the middle of the permeation, that is, the skin-side absorbent body 31. The body fluid is diverted to the side surface of the non-skin-side absorbent 32 by the liquid diffusion mechanism 41 when it reaches the non-skin surface side, and further led to the back-side liquid diffusion mechanism 42 to directly change the indicator. By the discoloration, it becomes possible to know the replacement time before the non-skin-side absorber 32 reaches the limit of the absorption capacity. Here, the indicator means a substance that reacts with water such as urination, and is made of a hydrophilic composition containing a color indicator whose color changes with a change in pH, for example. “Visual change” or “discoloration” means a color change from one color to another, loss of color from colorless to colorless, and appearance of color from colorless to colored by contact with moisture. .

  Since the indicators 6a and 6c and the indicator 6b are different in contact timing with the body fluid by the liquid diffusion mechanism, their discoloration timing is also different. In other words, it is possible to notify the replacement timing of the two-stage diaper by changing the color of the two-stage indicator. If it is desired to replace the diaper as soon as possible without leaking, the indicator 6a and 6c can be replaced by discoloration. If the diaper is to be used up to near the absorption capacity of the absorbent body, the indicator 6b can be discolored. If the indicators 6a and 6c are brought close to the side edge in the width direction of the non-skin-side absorbent body 32 and the indicator 6b is arranged near the center in the width direction, the timing of discoloration can be greatly varied, so there is a risk of liquid leakage. This is preferable because it is easier to avoid. In particular, in an adult diaper, a cared person often sleeps sideways, so that it becomes easy to notify the risk of side leakage at an early stage.

  In the first embodiment, in the wearing state, the urination point p hits a little closer to the stomach side of the crotch C and receives a large amount of urination. The urination point p shown in FIG. 1 is a position in the case of a male, and in the case of a female, it is a position closer to the center in the vertical direction. Here, the excretion point p means an area where the wearer first receives urine when the wearer wears the urine collecting pad 10 and its periphery. Therefore, it is preferable to arrange the liquid diffusion mechanism 41 and the indicator region 6 described above so as to cover the urination point p and its periphery. In order to make the timing of the visual change of the indicator different between the side region and the central region of the indicator region 6, in the region of the urination point p (the region where the indicator 6b corresponds to the central region and its surroundings), the indicator region It is preferable to provide the liquid passage inhibition region 8 on the skin contact surface side than 6. For example, a method of disposing a hydrophobic material or a water-repellent material between the liquid diffusion sheet 4 and the non-skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorber 32 can be mentioned. By doing in this way, even when there is a large amount of urination at a time and the urine reaches the non-skin side surface of the non-skin-side absorbent body 32 due to the momentum, it is possible to prevent the indicator 6b from getting wet directly. The liquid diffusion means 41 can prevent the visual change from occurring until the urine reaches the indicator 6b. For this purpose, the liquid passage inhibition region 8 may be provided only below and around the urination point in the width direction (center region, range of the region where the indicator 6b exists), and the side region (the indicators 6a and 6). It is preferably not provided in the range of the region where 6c exists. Examples of hydrophobic materials include waterproof films and hydrophobic hot melts, and examples of water-repellent materials include water-repellent nonwoven fabrics.

Here, with reference to FIG.2 (b), the process in which the indicator 6a, 6b, 6c in the indicator area | region 6 makes a visual change is demonstrated supposing the case where a wearer is sleeping in the normal supine state.
In the disposable diaper 10 of the first embodiment, when the wearer excretes urine or the like, urine is excreted around the excretion point p (see FIG. 1) of the skin-side absorbent body 31, and the excreted urine is at the lowest position. While being shifted mainly in the thickness direction at a certain crotch part C, it is absorbed and held by the skin-side absorber 31. When the liquid reaches the non-skin surface side of the skin-side absorber 31, it comes into contact with the liquid diffusion mechanism 41 disposed there. In the liquid diffusion mechanism 41, the liquid diffuses in the plane direction (arrow a ₂ ) while penetrating in the thickness direction (arrow a ₁ ). The liquid that has penetrated in the thickness direction is absorbed and held by the non-skin-side absorber 32, and urine leakage is effectively suppressed. At the same time, a part of the liquid (arrow a ₂ ) diffused in the plane direction is strongly diffused in the width direction or the vertical direction, and the side surface of the liquid diffusion sheet 4 that covers the side surface of the non-skin-side absorber from the liquid diffusion mechanism 41. It is led to the back side liquid diffusion mechanism 42 through the parts 43 and 43 (arrow a ₃ ). This liquid advances inward in the width direction by the back surface side liquid diffusion mechanism 42 and first discolors the indicators 6a and 6c (arrow a ₄ ). When the skin-side absorber 31 approaches its absorption capacity limit, the liquid diffuses further to the inner side in the width direction, so that the indicator 6b disposed on the inner side in the width direction is easily discolored. On the other hand, the skin side absorber 31 becomes an absorption capacity limit, and the liquid absorbed by the non-skin side absorber 32 further penetrates into the non-skin surface side in the thickness direction. At that position, there is a liquid passage inhibition region 8 to prevent the permeation of the liquid, but the indicator 6b may be discolored so that the liquid can permeate the liquid passage inhibition region 8 at a pressure equal to or higher than a certain liquid amount. Good. Specifically, the liquid permeation-inhibiting region may be composed of a water-repellent nonwoven fabric.

  In the first embodiment, the color change of the indicator 6a and / or 6c may occur earlier than the color change of the indicator 6b. In the first embodiment, the timing of the discoloration of the indicators 6a and / or 6c corresponds to the limit of the absorption capacity of the skin-side absorber 31, so that depending on the use situation and needs, the non-skin-side absorber 32 may still be used thereafter. Sufficient urine is absorbed and retained. That is, since the discoloration of the indicators 6a and / or 6c occurs not just before urine leakage but before the discoloration of the diaper, there is a time margin for changing the diaper until the next discoloration of the indicator 6b.

  Usually, since there are individual differences in the amount of urination and the number of urinations depending on the wearer, there are differences in the timing of changing diapers and individual differences. For example, when there is a large amount of urination once, the urine reaches the indicator part under the absorber even though the conventional disposable diaper still has the capacity for absorption, discoloration of the indicator occurs at that time, Sometimes changing diapers with just one urination. On the other hand, in the disposable diaper 10 of the first embodiment, the non-skin-side absorbent 32 firmly absorbs and holds the liquid even if the indicators 6a and / or 6c change color due to the penetration of the liquid in the skin-side absorbent 31. Further, it is possible to wait for the diaper to be changed until the indicator 6b changes color. As another example, when the amount of urination per time is small but the number of urinations is large, or when the urination amount is different each time, the indicator is gradually discolored several times. In this case, there is a case where the replacement timing is shifted due to forgetting to check the indicator after wearing for a long time. In a conventional disposable diaper, the absorption retention capacity becomes a limit at the time of discoloration of the indicator, and urine leakage may occur due to a shift in replacement timing. On the other hand, in the disposable diaper 10 according to the first embodiment, the non-skin-side absorbent body 32 absorbs and retains the liquid even after the discoloration of the indicators 6a and / or 6c, thus preventing urine leakage even when the replacement timing is shifted. be able to.

  In the first embodiment, from the viewpoint of giving sufficient absorbency while suppressing the feeling of stiffness of the disposable diaper 10 as a whole, the ratio 31v between the thickness 31v of the skin-side absorbent 31 and the thickness 32v of the non-skin-side absorbent 32 / 32v is 1/1 to 5/1, preferably 31v + 32v is 10 mm or less, more preferably 31v / 32v is 1/1 to 3/1, and 31v + 32v is 7 mm or less.

[Modification of liquid diffusion mechanism]
In the deployable disposable diaper 10 according to the first embodiment, the liquid diffusion mechanism 41 is composed of the liquid diffusion sheet 4 described above. Instead, the liquid diffusion mechanism 41 is disposed on the surface on the skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorbent body 32. It may be a part. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 schematically showing a modification of the liquid diffusion mechanism in the deployable disposable diaper of the first embodiment. 3 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view in the width direction at the position of a water guide groove f ₁ shown in FIG. 4 to be described later. On the other hand, the back side liquid diffusing mechanism 42 is from the non-skin side of the non-skin side absorbent body 321. It shows that it consists of the liquid diffusion sheet 4 which covers to a part of width direction side surface. FIG. 4 shows a water guide groove f ₁ (modified example 1 of the liquid diffusion mechanism) formed on the skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorbent body 321, and FIG. A liquid diffusion region f ₂ (Modification 2 of the liquid diffusion mechanism) is shown. In FIG. 6, the pressed and discharged liquid parts g ₂ and g ₂ formed on the skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorbent body 323 are shown. In FIG. 7, the crotch part C including the pressed and discharged liquid part g ₂ is rolled up. The state where the inclined water conduit f ₃ (Modification _{3 of the} liquid diffusion mechanism) is formed is shown. In addition, in FIGS. 4-6, the skin side absorber and non-skin side absorber which were laminated | stacked directly in the thickness direction are actually shown separately, and other members are abbreviate | omitted. As the other members, the above-described members in the first embodiment can be used.

(Variation 1 of the liquid diffusion mechanism)
The skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorbent body 321 shown in FIG. 4 is liquid diffusible and liquid permeable so as to absorb and retain the liquid from the skin-side absorbent body 31. In the crotch part C on the skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorbent body 321, a water guide groove f ₁ as a liquid diffusion path is formed in the single width direction. The water guide groove f ₁ is formed by pressure bonding from the skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorbent body 321 (see FIGS. 3 and 4), and the density is increased in this portion. How to crimp forming a conductor water groove f ₁ may be used a method used in this kind of article as appropriate, and a method of compressing processed into a groove shape, for example, by embossing roll. The liquid leaking from the skin-side absorbent 31 is guided to the water guide groove f ₁ , permeated in the thickness direction, and simultaneously diffused in the width direction along the water guide groove f ₁ .

(Variation 2 of the liquid diffusion mechanism)
The skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorbent body 322 shown in FIG. 5 is liquid diffusible and liquid permeable so as to absorb and retain the liquid from the skin-side absorbent body 31. The crotch portion C of the skin surface side of the non-skin side absorber 322, water guide region f ₂ is arranged as a liquid distribution mechanism for diffusing the liquid in the width direction. The water guide region f ₂ is a region defined by arranging two water-repellent regions g ₁ and g ₁ that have been subjected to water repellent treatment along the longitudinal side edges thereof. In the water guiding region f ₂ , the liquid is blocked by the water repellent regions g ₁ and g ₁ and hardly spreads in the vertical direction, but diffuses in the width direction along the water guiding region f ₂ .

(Modification 3 of the liquid diffusion mechanism)
The skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorbent body 323 shown in FIG. 6 is liquid diffusive and liquid permeable so as to absorb and retain the liquid from the skin-side absorbent body 31. On the skin surface side of the non-skin-side absorbent body 323, compressed liquid discharge portions g ₂ and g ₂ extending in the vertical direction at the crotch portion C are disposed. As shown in FIG. 7, the crotch part C of the non-skin-side absorbent body 323 receives a compressive force w from the left and right inward in the width direction by the inner bases of the thighs of the wearer when the diaper is worn. The compressed liquid discharge portion g ₂ by the force from the width direction _outside, g ₂ is deformed. Specifically, the compressed liquid discharge parts g ₂ and g ₂ have their widthwise outer edges j ₁ and j ₁ rolled inward, and the compressed liquid discharge parts have widthwise inner edges j ₂ and j _2. with a central area c ₁ of the crotch portion C of the non-skin side absorber 323 raised to the skin surface. In this state, from the central region c ₁ to the end portion in the crotch width direction of the non-skin-side absorbent body 323 through the inner edge j ₂ , j ₂ and the outer edge j ₁ , j ₁ of the compressed liquid discharge part. A series of shapes forms an inclined conduit f ₃ as a liquid diffusion mechanism. The compressed liquid discharge parts g ₂ and g ₂ are inclined conduits f for diffusing liquid in the longitudinal direction along the grooves and absorbing the liquid in a wide plane of the non-skin-side absorbent body 323 and diffusing the liquid in the width direction. _Take part of ₃ . The arrangement of the compressed liquid discharge parts g ₂ and g ₂ acts to guide the liquid leaking from the skin-side absorber 31 outward in the width direction.

Referring now to FIG. 8, the diffusion in the width direction of the liquid will be described by absorption and water guide groove f ₁ in the thickness direction of the liquid in the non-skin side absorber 321 shown in FIG. The absorption of the liquid in the thickness direction and the diffusion in the width direction of the liquid occur similarly in the non-skin side absorber 322 shown in FIG. 5 and the non-skin side absorber 323 shown in FIGS. is there. Figure 8 is a side view schematically showing a state in which the water guide groove f ₁ shown in FIG. 4 to diffuse the liquid. Specifically, the skin side absorbent body 31 on the skin side and the non-skin side absorbent body 321 on the non-skin side are cut in the longitudinal direction in a state where the skin side absorbent body 321 is laminated in the thickness direction, and mainly on the crotch C. It is sectional drawing, and is an expanded sectional view typically shown with a hydrophobic mechanism, a back surface side liquid diffusion mechanism, and an indicator.
As shown in FIG. 8A, the liquid is received near the crotch C of the skin-side absorbent 31 (arrow b ₁ ), and this liquid reaches the non-skin surface side of the skin-side absorbent 31 and leaks out. (Arrow b ₂ ). The non-skin side of the portion where the liquid has reached, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the water guide groove f ₁ of the non-skin side absorbent body 321 are arranged as pan of the liquid, the liquid is to water guide groove f ₁ It is guided. Further, as shown in FIG. 8 (c), a part of the liquid is permeated in the thickness direction and firmly absorbed and held by the non-skin-side absorbent body 321 (arrow b ₃ ) so that liquid leakage does not occur. A part of is diffused in the width direction along the water guide groove f ₁ (arrow b ₄ ). The liquid diffused in the width direction moves from the width direction end of the water guide groove f _{1 to} the outer side in the width direction of the non-skin-side absorbent body 321 (not shown), and on the side surface in the width direction of the non-skin-side absorbent body 321. The back surface side liquid diffusing mechanism 42 (see FIG. 3) covering part of the surface is taken up to come into contact with the indicators 6a and 6c on the inner side in the width direction to cause visual changes in the indicators 6a and 6c.

[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 schematically showing a cross-section in the width direction of a deployable disposable diaper 20 as another embodiment (embodiment 2) of the present invention. In the disposable diaper 20 of this Embodiment 2, it replaces with the non-skin-side absorber 32 of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 2, and arrange | positions the very thin sheet-like non-skin-side absorber 324 which consists of a pulp and a superabsorbent polymer. To do.
In the second embodiment, the non-skin-side absorber 324 has an auxiliary absorption capacity of the skin-side absorber 31. The non-skin-side absorbent body 324 is a sheet-like fiber structure in which a fiber assembly 91 and a fiber web 92 are integrated, and a superabsorbent polymer 93 is dispersed and fixed in the fiber structure. Since the superabsorbent polymer 93 is securely fixed inside the sheet, the non-skin-side absorbent body 324 is less likely to drop off the superabsorbent polymer and gel blocking, and has excellent absorption speed and liquid fixability. The non-skin-side absorber 324 has a relatively high absorbency as compared with its thin thickness. Thus, since the non-skin-side absorbent body 324 has both high absorption performance and thin thickness, the diaper 20 as a whole of the second embodiment has a feeling of weariness at the time of wearing and feels a good wearing feeling. Is preferable. In the second embodiment, the non-skin-side absorbent body 324 is an auxiliary absorption capacity of the skin-side absorbent body 31, and the indicators 6a and 6c are substantially discolored as a diaper replacement time. The non-skin-side absorber 324 can absorb the liquid and prevent liquid leakage.

[Modified example of non-skin side absorbent body]
In the second embodiment, instead of the non-skin-side absorbent body 324, a non-skin-side absorbent body 325 having a so-called pulpress structure that does not include fibers such as pulp fibers may be used. The non-skin-side absorbent body 325 is also a thin sheet like the non-skin-side absorbent body 324, and has an auxiliary absorption capacity of the skin-side absorbent body 31. FIG. 10: is a figure which shows typically the modification (non-skin side absorber 325) of the non-skin side absorber in the expansion | deployment type disposable diaper of Embodiment 2, (a) is the top view, (b ) Is a sectional view taken along line XX. The non-skin-side absorbent body 325 is formed by sandwiching a large number of absorbent polymers between two liquid-permeable sheets (see FIG. 10B). In the plan view of the non-skin-side absorbent body 325, as shown in FIG. 10A, the four absorbent polymer existing regions m _{1 to} m ₄ and the three non-existing regions n that extend linearly in the vertical direction are shown. _{2 to} n ₄ are alternately arranged in the width direction, and the outer sides in the width direction of the existence regions m ₁ and m ₄ are sealed with the non-existence regions n ₁ and n ₅ . Further, a non-existing region n ₆ is formed so as to extend in the width direction at a position corresponding to the crotch C at the center in the longitudinal direction of the non-skin-side absorbent body 325.

In the second embodiment, in the existing areas m _{1 to} m _{4 of the} non-skin-side absorbent body 325, the absorbent polymer q is fixed by the adhesive layers r ₁ and r ₂ applied to the inside of both sheets. In the non-existing regions n _{1 to} n ₆ , two liquid permeable sheets are bonded and fixed. Adhesion can be performed using an adhesion method used for this type of article. The non-existing regions n _{1 to} n ₆ are thinner than the existing regions m _{1 to} m ₄ because the absorbent polymer is not disposed. In particular, the non-existing regions n _{2 to} n ₄ and n ₆ are diffused in the planar direction as grooves between the existing regions m _{1 to} m ₄ . In particular, the non-existing region n ₆ extending in the width direction also functions as the water guide groove f ₁ of the non-skin-side absorber 321. Liquid leaking from the skin side absorbent body 31 is shifted to the crotch portion C of the non-skin side absorber 325, a part of the liquid is received in the absence regions n ₆ located in the vicinity. In the non-existing region n ₆ , the liquid can be diffused in the extending width direction. On the other hand, a part of the liquid from the skin-side absorber 31 is diffused in the vertical direction in the non-existing region n ₃ near the crotch C and absorbed and retained by the absorbent polymer q in the surrounding existing regions m ₂ and m _3. The Further, a part of the liquid diffused in the width direction along the non-existing region n ₆ is diffused in the vertical direction in the non-existing regions n ₂ and n ₄ perpendicular to the non-existing region n _6, and the surrounding existing regions m _{1 to} m ₄ is absorbed and held by the absorbent polymer q inside. In the non-skin-side absorbent body 325, the liquid can be absorbed and retained in a wide plane in this way, and uneven absorption can be suppressed. The non-skin-side absorbent body 325 is a Pal press, so that the liquid can be prevented from reversing and can be firmly absorbed and retained by the absorbent polymer. Further, since the non-skin-side absorbent body 325 is pulpressed, it is not bulky and the thickness of the urine collecting pad is suppressed, so that the wearer can feel a feeling of wear when worn and can feel a good wearing feeling. Still it is applied to other embodiments by changing the arrangement of the non-existing region n ₂ ~n ₄ and n ₆ in the non-skin side absorber 325 as appropriate.

  In addition, the disposable diaper 20 in this Embodiment 2 can employ | adopt the same thing as the disposable diaper 10 of the said Embodiment 1 except the said non-skin-side absorbers 324 and 325, and a liquid spreading | diffusion mechanism is mentioned above as a modification. Any of these can be combined arbitrarily.

Hereinafter, the material of the member which comprises the deployment type disposable diaper of this Embodiment 1 and 2 is demonstrated.
[Absorber]
(Skin-side absorber)
As a forming material of the skin side absorber 31, what is normally used for an absorptive article can be used. Specifically, for example, as the absorbent core, a fiber assembly or a combination of this and an absorbent polymer can be used. As the fibers constituting the fiber assembly, hydrophilic natural fibers such as pulp fibers, synthetic fibers (preferably subjected to hydrophilic treatment), and the like can be used. The basis weight is not particularly ^limited, preferably ^{150g / m 2 ~500g / m 2} . As the absorptive polymer, various polymer materials usually used in this type of article can be used. For example, polyacrylic acid soda, (acrylic acid-vinyl alcohol) copolymer, polyacrylic acid soda crosslinked body , (Starch-acrylic acid) graft polymer, (isobutylene-maleic anhydride) copolymer and saponified product thereof, potassium polyacrylate, and cesium polyacrylate. The absorbent polymer is preferably a superabsorbent polymer compound having a performance capable of absorbing and retaining 20 times or more of its own weight of water or physiological saline. In addition, as a covering sheet for covering the absorbent core, thin paper (thin paper) such as hydrophilic tissue paper, non-woven fabric made of hydrophilic fibers such as cotton and rayon, and synthetic resin fibers are subjected to a hydrophilization treatment. What consists of nonwoven fabrics (composite nonwoven fabrics, such as SMS, SMMS, and SSMS) can be used.

(Non-skin-side absorber)
As the non-skin-side absorbers 32, 321, 322, and 323, the same material as the skin-side absorber 31 can be used. Further, from the viewpoint of effectively diffusing the liquid in the width direction, the vertical width of the water guide groove f ₁ of the non-skin side absorbent body 321 and the water guide region f ₂ of the non-skin side absorbent body 322 is preferably 10 to 50 mm. As for the depth of the groove | channel of the thickness direction of the pressing water discharge part g3 of the said water conveyance groove | channel f1 and the non-skin-side absorber 323, ₁ mm- ₃ mm are preferable. The thickness of the non-skin-side absorbent body 321 and the non-skin-side absorbent body 323 is preferably 2 to 5 mm, and more preferably 2 to 4 mm, from the viewpoint of forming the water guide groove f ₁ and the compressed liquid discharge part g ₂ . The non-skin-side absorbent body 324 may be a thin superabsorbent sheet containing hydrophilic fibers, hot-melt adhesive fibers, paper strength reinforcing agents, and superabsorbent polymers. In this superabsorbent sheet, a superabsorbent polymer is dispersed on a fiber web, and a fiber assembly is overlaid thereon and dried to be integrated. The thickness is preferably as thin as 0.3 to 1.5 mm (see JP-A-8-246395). This superabsorbent sheet is obtained by dispersing and fixing a superabsorbent polymer three-dimensionally on fibers in an extremely thin sheet. Thereby, even when it absorbs repeatedly without dropping the superabsorbent polymer, gel blocking is unlikely to occur, and thus the liquid absorption retention performance is excellent. As a material for forming the non-skin-side absorbent body 325, a material described in JP-A-2004-275225 can be used.

[Liquid diffusion sheet]
As a material for forming the liquid diffusion sheet 4 constituting the liquid diffusion mechanism 41, the back surface side liquid diffusion mechanism 42, and the side surface portion 43, a normal hydrophilic sheet, specifically, hydrophilic fibers such as rayon, cotton, and pulp are included. Things. Examples of the method for controlling the diffusibility include (1) including hydrophilic particles and (2) including hydrophobic fibers in addition to the hydrophilic fibers constituting the sheet. Examples of the hydrophilic particles include silica, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide and the like, and titanium oxide is particularly preferable. In the case of adding hydrophobic fibers, hydrophilic fibers can be contained in an amount of 50% by mass or more, particularly 60% by mass or more, and hydrophobic fibers in an amount of less than 50% by mass, particularly less than 40% by mass. As the hydrophobic fiber, for example, fibers made of various thermoplastic resins can be used. The hydrophilic fibers (nonwoven fabrics) used in the present invention include fibers obtained by subjecting fibers made of a hydrophobic thermoplastic resin to various hydrophilic treatments, and nonwoven fabrics obtained by subjecting a nonwoven fabric made of hydrophobic fibers to various hydrophilization treatments. . Examples of the fiber sheet containing these fibers include spunlace nonwoven fabric, air-through nonwoven fabric, and paper. Specifically, a spunlace nonwoven fabric composed of rayon and polyolefin fibers can be mentioned. The basis weight of these fiber sheets is preferably 15 to 50 g / m ² , particularly preferably 18 to 35 g / m ² .

  The liquid diffusion performance of the liquid diffusion sheet 4 is indicated by the Klem water absorption height. From the viewpoint of accurately guiding the liquid to each indicator, the Klem water absorption height in the width direction is preferably 25 mm or more, and 25 mm to 100 mm. More preferably, it is more preferably 35 mm to 80 mm. By disposing the liquid diffusion sheet 4 having excellent liquid diffusivity in this way, an appropriate amount of liquid is accurately guided in the plane direction rather than being transmitted in the thickness direction, and the absorption capacity limit of the skin-side absorber 31 is reduced. This is effective because the indicator changes so as to notify the user without delay. From the viewpoint of effectively diffusing the liquid in the width direction, the liquid diffusion sheet 4 can reliably transmit the liquid to the indicator by disposing a rectangular liquid diffusion sheet near the excretion point p in the crotch C. it can.

(Measurement method of Krem absorption height of liquid diffusion sheet)
The measurement of the water absorption height of the Krem which shows the liquid diffusibility of the liquid diffusion sheet 4 can be performed in accordance with JIS P8141 paper and paperboard-water absorption test method-Krem method. That is, after the liquid diffusion sheet is cut into a strip shape having a width of 20 mm and a length of 200 mm, the vertical direction is set to the vertical direction and the portion from the lower end to 15 mm is immersed in water. Measure if sucked up. This measured value is defined as the Klem water absorption height.

[Marking material (indicator)]
Examples of the labeling material (indicator) include an agent-like material suitable for application and a sheet-like material such as litmus paper. The color indicator contained in the hydrophilic composition constituting the indicator is preferably one that changes its color at a pH of 3 to 7, and examples thereof include bromophenol blue, methyl orange, alizarin S, bromocresol green, methyl Examples thereof include red and bromocresol purple, but are not limited thereto. Particularly preferred among these color indicators are bromophenol blue, bromocresol green, bromocresol purple, and the like. These color indicators are preferably 0.01 to 50% by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 40% by weight, and still more preferably 0% with respect to the total amount of the hydrophilic composition (acidic compound + color indicator). 0.01 to 1% by weight, most preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by weight. If the amount of the color indicator is less than 0.01% by weight, the color may be thin even if the color changes, and it may be difficult to visually recognize from the outside, and if it exceeds 50% by weight, the color before the color change of the hydrophilic composition becomes dark. Since the appearance is not good and the cost may be further increased, it is preferably within the above range.

  In the present invention, from the viewpoint of avoiding discoloration other than a small amount of water or excreted urine under high temperature and high humidity, the hydrophilic composition described in Japanese Patent No. 3558828 is provided with a pH of the hydrophilic composition. An acidic compound that can be maintained and can be maintained such that the pH of the hydrophilic composition does not exceed 4 when it is in contact with water, and the backsheet 2 is alkaline when dissolved in moisture. It is also possible to contain a water-soluble compound exhibiting Moreover, the hydrophilic composition which makes an indicator can contain the hydrophilic polymer which has adhesiveness further. Hot-melt adhesiveness is imparted to the hydrophilic composition, and the joining and fixing between members become stronger, and if there is a hot-melt coating device, it can be applied on the line and has good processability. Become. That is, the hydrophilic composition containing the acidic compound, the color indicator, and the hydrophilic polymer functions as a hot melt adhesive. The hydrophilic composition may contain an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber and the like in addition to the components described above. These components are preferably contained in an amount of 0.5 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight, based on the total amount of the hydrophilic composition. In addition, in this invention, what applied to hydrophilic sheets, such as tissue paper and a hydrophilic nonwoven fabric, can also interpose an indicator other than the method of apply | coating directly to the back surface sheet 2. FIG.

[Other materials]
As a forming material of the surface sheet 1, the back sheet 2, and the side sheet 7, those normally used for absorbent articles can be used.
As the surface sheet 1, for example, a hydrophilic non-woven fabric is preferable, an air-through non-woven fabric, a point-bonded non-woven fabric, a spun-bonded non-woven fabric, a spunlace non-woven fabric, a non-woven fabric called a three-dimensional shaped non-woven fabric, the fiber of which is a single fiber of polypropylene, A fiber that has been subjected to a hydrophilic treatment with a composite fiber of polypropylene and polyethylene, a composite fiber of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene, or the like is preferable, and a fiber having a basis weight of 15 to 50 g / m ² can be suitably used. Further, a hydrophilic perforated film or a hydrophilic nonwoven fabric may be partially overlapped on the crotch portion of the topsheet 1 on the non-skin surface side of the topsheet 1.

  The material for forming the back sheet 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is waterproof and moisture permeable. For example, a hydrophobic inorganic resin and a minute inorganic filler made of calcium carbonate or the like, or an incompatible organic material. Examples thereof include a porous film obtained by melt-kneading a polymer or the like to form a film, and uniaxially or biaxially stretching the film. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyolefin. Examples of the polyolefin include high to low density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene and the like, and these can be used alone or in combination.

(Preferable numerical range of waterproofness and moisture permeability)
The degree of waterproofness of the back sheet 2 is preferably 100 mm or more, more preferably 500 mm or more in terms of water pressure resistance, from the viewpoint of sufficiently preventing the permeation of liquid. In addition, the degree of moisture permeability of the back sheet 2 is 0.5 to 4.0 g / (100 cm ²⁾ from the viewpoint of sufficiently preventing stuffiness in the diaper and accompanying wearer's skin while maintaining waterproofness. H) is preferable, and 1.0 to 2.5 g / (100 cm ² · h) is more preferable. In addition, the water pressure resistance is measured by a method performed in accordance with the waterproof test method of JIS L1092, and the moisture permeability is measured by a method performed in accordance with the moisture permeability test method of JIS Z0208 moisture-proof packaging material at a temperature condition of 35 ° C. The

  As the side sheet 7, for example, a water-repellent nonwoven fabric is preferable. Specifically, a spunbond nonwoven fabric, a spunbond-meltblown (SM) nonwoven fabric, a spunbond-meltblown-spunbond (SMS) nonwoven fabric, or the like is used.

  In the absorbent article of the present invention, the position and range of the marker material (indicator) region 6 in plan view can be arbitrarily determined as long as reliable contact with the liquid and discoloration visibility can be secured. In the marker material region 6, the shape, size, and number of each marker can be arbitrarily adopted in view of the above viewpoint. The absorbent article of the present invention is not limited to the deployable disposable diaper in the above embodiment, but may be a pants-type disposable diaper or a urine collecting pad, or a sanitary napkin, a panty liner or a light incontinence pad. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Top sheet 2 Back sheet 3 Absorber 31 Skin side absorber 32,321,322,323,324,325 Non-skin side absorber 4 Liquid diffusion sheet 41 Liquid diffusion mechanism 42 Back surface side liquid diffusion mechanism 6 Marking material (indicator) Region 6a, 6b, 6c Marking material (indicator)
7 Side sheet 8 Permeation inhibition area 10, 20 Urine collecting pad f ₁ Water conveyance groove f ₂ Water conveyance area f ₃ Inclined water conveyance path

Claims (5)

An absorbent article having a top sheet, a back sheet, and an absorbent body interposed between the two sheets, the top sheet being a wearer skin contact surface side and the back sheet being a wearer non-skin contact surface side The absorbent article has a longitudinal direction and a width direction perpendicular thereto,
Between the absorber and the back sheet, there is a labeling material that visually changes by contact with liquid, and the absorber is in contact with the skin-side absorber and the non-skin contact located on the wearer skin contact surface side It is composed of a non-skin-side absorber positioned on the surface side, and includes a liquid diffusion mechanism that diffuses liquid in the width direction between the skin-side absorber and the non-skin-side absorber ,
The liquid diffusion mechanism is formed in the width direction formed on the surface of the skin side surface of the non-skin-side absorbent body and extends in the width direction, and the width direction sandwiched between the water-repellent regions disposed on the surface of the skin side surface of the non-skin-side absorbent body An absorbent article that is either a water-conducting region that extends to the surface or a compressed and discharged liquid portion that extends in the longitudinal direction and is arranged in parallel in the width direction, which is formed on the skin surface side surface of the non-skin-side absorbent body . The absorptive article according to claim 1 in which a back side liquid diffusion mechanism which diffuses a liquid in the surface direction is arranged between said non-skin side absorber and said labeling material. The absorptive article according to claim 2 by which liquid permeation inhibition field is arranged between said back side liquid diffusion mechanism and the non skin side of said non skin side absorber. The absorbent article according to claim 3, wherein the liquid permeation inhibition region is disposed only in a central region with respect to a width direction of the absorbent article.   The absorbent article according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the labeling material has a length in the vertical direction and a plurality of intermittently arranged in the width direction.

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