JP5622527B2 - Endoscope - Google Patents

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JP5622527B2
JP5622527B2 JP2010244011A JP2010244011A JP5622527B2 JP 5622527 B2 JP5622527 B2 JP 5622527B2 JP 2010244011 A JP2010244011 A JP 2010244011A JP 2010244011 A JP2010244011 A JP 2010244011A JP 5622527 B2 JP5622527 B2 JP 5622527B2
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bending
endoscope
child
tube
outer skin
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JP2012095719A (en
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山谷 高嗣
高嗣 山谷
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Olympus Medical Systems Corp
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B23/00Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
    • G02B23/24Instruments or systems for viewing the inside of hollow bodies, e.g. fibrescopes

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Description

本発明は内視鏡に関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明は親内視鏡の処置具挿通チャンネルに挿通して使用され、十二指腸乳頭から胆管又は膵管に選択的に挿入して胆管内又は膵管内を観察や治療を行い得る子内視鏡に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an endoscope. More specifically, the present invention is used by being inserted into a treatment instrument insertion channel of a parent endoscope, and can be selectively inserted into the bile duct or pancreatic duct from the duodenal papilla to observe or treat the inside of the bile duct or the pancreatic duct. It relates to the endoscope.

従来、胆管内や膵管内の観察や治療を行う際に用いられる内視鏡として、親内視鏡と、この親内視鏡の処置具挿通チャンネルに挿通される子内視鏡を有する親子式内視鏡システムが実用化されている。   Conventionally, as an endoscope used for observation and treatment in the bile duct and pancreatic duct, a parent-child type having a parent endoscope and a child endoscope inserted into a treatment instrument insertion channel of the parent endoscope Endoscope systems have been put into practical use.

この親子式内視鏡システムの親内視鏡は、通常サイズの内視鏡、例えば十二指腸用内視鏡であり、子内視鏡は、親内視鏡の処置具挿通チャンネルに挿通される。親子内視鏡システムでは、親内視鏡の先端から体腔内に突出させた、子内視鏡の湾曲操作、進退操作、ねじり操作等と、親内視鏡の起上台操作、湾曲操作、ねじり操作、進退操作等とを組み合わせて、子内視鏡のみを十二指腸乳頭から胆管又は膵管へと選択的に挿入させることにより、これら胆管内や膵管内の観察や治療を行うようにするものである。   The parent endoscope of the parent-child endoscope system is a normal size endoscope, for example, an endoscope for duodenum, and the child endoscope is inserted into a treatment instrument insertion channel of the parent endoscope. In the parent-child endoscope system, the child endoscope's bending operation, advancing / retreating operation, twisting operation, etc., protruding from the distal end of the parent endoscope into the body cavity, the raising operation of the parent endoscope, bending operation, twisting In combination with operation, advance / retreat operation, etc., only the child endoscope is inserted into the bile duct or pancreatic duct selectively from the duodenal papilla to observe or treat in the bile duct or pancreatic duct .

従来の親子式内視鏡システムについては、例えば、特許文献1等によって種々の形態のものが提案されており、また実用化されている。   As for the conventional parent-child endoscope system, for example, those in various forms have been proposed and put into practical use by Patent Document 1 and the like.

前記特許文献1等によって開示されている親子式内視鏡システムでは、親内視鏡の挿入部内に子内視鏡の挿入部を挿通させ得る処置具挿通チャンネルが配設されていると共に、親内視鏡の先端部内には、処置具挿通チャンネルの開口部から突出する子内視鏡を起上させることにより、子内視鏡の先端部の進退方向を変更させ得るための機構である処置具起上台を有している。   In the parent-child endoscope system disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the like, a treatment instrument insertion channel through which the insertion portion of the child endoscope can be inserted is disposed in the insertion portion of the parent endoscope. A treatment that is a mechanism for changing the advancing / retreating direction of the distal end portion of the child endoscope by raising the child endoscope protruding from the opening of the treatment instrument insertion channel in the distal end portion of the endoscope It has a lifting platform.

また、従来の湾曲部を有する内視鏡としては、例えば、特許文献2及び特許文献3に記載のものがある。   Moreover, as an endoscope which has the conventional curved part, there exist a thing of patent document 2 and patent document 3, for example.

前記特許文献2に記載の内視鏡は、湾曲部の湾曲時に節輪間への外皮の咬み込みを防止するために、挿入部の挿入方向に沿って複数の関節コマが並設され、前後の節輪間がそれぞれリベットを中心に回動可能に連結された湾曲管と、可塑性エラストマーの材質の弾性材料によって円筒状に形成され、この湾曲管の外周に直接嵌装された外皮とから湾曲部が構成されている。   In the endoscope described in Patent Document 2, a plurality of joint pieces are arranged in parallel along the insertion direction of the insertion portion in order to prevent biting of the outer skin between the nodal rings when the bending portion is bent. Curved from a curved tube in which the joint rings are pivotally connected around a rivet, and a shell formed by an elastic material made of a plastic elastomer material and fitted directly on the outer periphery of the curved tube The part is composed.

また、前記特許文献3に記載の内視鏡は、先端側や基端側の回動量を容易に変更可能な内視鏡の湾曲部を得るために、複数の関節コマが互い枢支されて連接されて形成される湾曲管と、この湾曲管を覆う外皮とから湾曲部が構成され、各関節コマの外径は例えば10mm程度であり、外皮の厚さは0.5mm程度である。   In addition, the endoscope described in Patent Document 3 includes a plurality of joint pieces that are pivotally supported to obtain a bending portion of the endoscope that can easily change the amount of rotation on the distal end side and the proximal end side. A bending portion is constituted by a bent tube formed by being connected and an outer skin covering the bent tube, and an outer diameter of each joint piece is, for example, about 10 mm, and a thickness of the outer skin is about 0.5 mm.

特開2007−75168号公報JP 2007-75168 A 特開2008−99827号公報JP 2008-99827 A 特開2008−104733号公報JP 2008-104733 A

内視鏡の湾曲部の外皮としては一般的に天然ゴム、フッ素ゴム等のゴム材が用いられている。しかしながら、前記特許文献1に記載の従来の親子式内視鏡システムでは、親内視鏡の処置具起上台から子内視鏡を突出させる際、又は処置具起上台から突出された子内視鏡をこの処置具起上台上で前後に進退させる際に、子内視鏡の湾曲部に被覆されたゴム材の外皮と処置具起上台とが擦れ合うことにより、外皮が損傷を被る虞があった。   Generally, rubber materials such as natural rubber and fluororubber are used as the outer skin of the curved portion of the endoscope. However, in the conventional parent-child endoscope system described in Patent Document 1, when the child endoscope is protruded from the treatment tool raising base of the parent endoscope, or the child endoscope protruded from the treatment tool raising base When the mirror is moved back and forth on this treatment tool raising base, there is a risk that the outer skin of the rubber material coated on the curved portion of the child endoscope and the treatment tool raising base will rub against each other, resulting in damage to the outer skin. It was.

そこで従来のゴム材に替えて、機械的強度が高い熱可塑性エラストマーを外皮材料として採用することにより外皮の損傷の低減が期待できる。しかしながら、熱可塑性エラストマーはゴム材よりも伸びにくいため、湾曲力量が重くなる、湾曲時に外観にシワが出やすい、という欠点がある。そして、熱可塑性エラストマーの外皮では、シワの発生で外径寸法が太くなくなることにより親内視鏡との挿通性の低下又は挿通不能となる虞がある。   Therefore, in place of the conventional rubber material, reduction in damage to the outer skin can be expected by adopting a thermoplastic elastomer having high mechanical strength as the outer skin material. However, since the thermoplastic elastomer is harder to stretch than the rubber material, there are disadvantages that the amount of bending force is heavy and the appearance is easily wrinkled during bending. Further, in the outer skin of the thermoplastic elastomer, there is a possibility that the outer diameter dimension is not thick due to the generation of wrinkles, so that the insertability with the parent endoscope is lowered or cannot be inserted.

前記特許文献2及び特許文献3に記載の内視鏡では、このような問題を解決することはできない。   The endoscopes described in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 cannot solve such a problem.

本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、熱可塑性エラストマー製の外皮を、子内視鏡の湾曲部に被覆することにより、手元端が斜めにカットされた外皮を用いて予め湾曲部に少し曲がり癖がついた湾曲形状に構成することにより、親内視鏡の処置具机上台の上をより挿通し易くできる、親内視鏡との挿通性良好な子内視鏡を備える親子式内視鏡システムを提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and by covering the curved portion of the child endoscope with the outer shell made of thermoplastic elastomer, the curved portion is preliminarily formed using the outer skin whose hand end is cut obliquely. Parent and child equipped with a child endoscope that has a good insertion property with the parent endoscope , which can be easily inserted over the treatment tool table top of the parent endoscope by configuring it in a curved shape with a slight bend. An object is to provide a type endoscope system.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明による内視鏡は、連結された複数の湾曲駒からなる湾曲管と、前記湾曲管の外径よりも大きな内径を有し、且つ前記湾曲駒を直接被覆する熱可塑性エラストマーにより形成された外皮とを備えて構成される湾曲部を有し、前記湾曲管は、最先端側の最先端湾曲駒と、最基端側の最基端湾曲駒とを有し、前記湾曲管に対して被覆する前の外皮は、手元側基端部が斜めにカットされており、前記外皮は、前記湾曲管に対して被覆された後は、前記湾曲部の湾曲方向のアップ側に対応する側の軸方向の長さが、前記アップ側とは逆側の軸方向の長さよりも短く形成され、この短く形成された前記アップ側の軸方向の手元側基端部の位置を、長く形成された前記逆側の軸方向の手元側基端部の位置に合わせるように前記湾曲管の前記最基端湾曲駒に接着固定した。 In order to achieve the above object, an endoscope according to the present invention has a bending tube composed of a plurality of connected bending pieces, an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the bending tube, and directly covers the bending piece. A bending portion configured to include an outer skin formed of a thermoplastic elastomer, and the bending tube has a cutting edge bending piece on the cutting edge side and a bending edge piece on the most proximal side. And the outer skin before covering with respect to the said bending tube is cut | disconnected at the proximal side proximal end part, and after the said outer skin is covered with respect to the said bending tube, the bending direction of the said bending part The axial length on the side corresponding to the up side is shorter than the axial length on the opposite side to the up side, and the proximal side proximal end portion in the axial direction on the up side formed shortly So as to match the position of the proximal side proximal end portion in the opposite axial direction of the long side Wherein the serial bending tube was adhered and fixed to the most proximal end bending piece.

本発明によれば、熱可塑性エラストマー製の外皮を、予め定めた条件で子内視鏡の湾曲部に被覆することにより、親内視鏡の処置具起上台と擦れても破損しない高い耐久性を有するとともに、湾曲力量も軽く、湾曲時のシワもなく、親内視鏡との挿通性も良好な子内視鏡を備える親子式内視鏡システムを提供することができる。   According to the present invention, by covering the curved portion of the child endoscope with the outer skin made of the thermoplastic elastomer under a predetermined condition, high durability that does not break even if it is rubbed against the treatment instrument raising base of the parent endoscope. It is possible to provide a parent-child endoscope system including a child endoscope that has a small bending force amount, no wrinkles at the time of bending, and good insertability with a parent endoscope.

本発明の一実施形態に係る親子式内視鏡システムを示し、親内視鏡に子内視鏡を挿入した状態を概略的に示す外観図。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The external view which shows the parent-child type endoscope system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and shows the state which inserted the child endoscope into the parent endoscope. 図1の親内視鏡及び子内視鏡の先端部近傍の断面図。Sectional drawing of the front-end | tip part vicinity of the parent endoscope of FIG. 1, and a child endoscope. 図1の子内視鏡の湾曲部近傍の断面図。Sectional drawing of the curved part vicinity of the child endoscope of FIG. 図3aのP−P線断面図。FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line P-P in FIG. 本発明の一実施形態の第1の変形例に係る子内視鏡の湾曲部近傍の断面図。Sectional drawing of the curved part vicinity of the child endoscope which concerns on the 1st modification of one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態の第2の変形例に係る子内視鏡の湾曲部基端側の断面図。Sectional drawing of the curved part base end side of the child endoscope which concerns on the 2nd modification of one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態の第3の変形例に係る子内視鏡の外皮の断面図。Sectional drawing of the outer skin of the child endoscope which concerns on the 3rd modification of one Embodiment of this invention. 図6の外皮を被覆しかつ自然状態の子内視鏡の断面図。Sectional drawing of the child endoscope which covers the outer skin of FIG. 6 and is in a natural state.

以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
図1に示すように、本発明の一実施形態に係る親子式内視鏡システムは、親内視鏡1と、子内視鏡2と、を有して構成される。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the parent-child endoscope system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a parent endoscope 1 and a child endoscope 2.

親内視鏡1は、挿入部3と、この挿入部3の基端側に連設される操作部4と、を有して構成される。挿入部3は、外径直径が、例えば10mm程度、長さは約1.2m程度に形成されていて、先端側から順に先端部本体5、湾曲部6、可撓管部7が連接して構成されている。   The parent endoscope 1 includes an insertion portion 3 and an operation portion 4 that is connected to the proximal end side of the insertion portion 3. The insertion portion 3 has an outer diameter of, for example, about 10 mm and a length of about 1.2 m. The distal end portion body 5, the bending portion 6, and the flexible tube portion 7 are connected in order from the distal end side. It is configured.

挿入部3の内部には、処置具挿通チャンネル8が形成されている。この処置具挿通チャンネル8は、操作部4に設けられる操作部側開口9から先端部本体5まで挿通している。この処置具挿通チャンネル8には、例えば、処置具等のほか、子内視鏡2の挿入部10を挿通させることができるようになっている。   A treatment instrument insertion channel 8 is formed inside the insertion portion 3. The treatment instrument insertion channel 8 is inserted from the operation unit side opening 9 provided in the operation unit 4 to the distal end body 5. The treatment instrument insertion channel 8 can be inserted with an insertion portion 10 of the child endoscope 2 in addition to a treatment instrument, for example.

操作部4は、親内視鏡1を操作するのに必要な各種の操作部材と、この親内視鏡1のコントロールを行う内視鏡ユニット(図示せず)との間の接続を行うユニバーサルケーブル13等を有して構成される。   The operation unit 4 is a universal unit that performs connection between various operation members necessary for operating the parent endoscope 1 and an endoscope unit (not shown) that controls the parent endoscope 1. It has a cable 13 and the like.

操作部4の操作部材としては、例えば後述する処置具起上台12の動作を操作するための操作レバー14等が設けられている。   As an operation member of the operation unit 4, for example, an operation lever 14 or the like for operating an operation of a treatment instrument raising base 12 described later is provided.

図2に示すように、先端部本体5の内部には、処置具挿通チャンネル8の先端側開口11から突出する処置具、あるいは子内視鏡2の挿入部10を起上させるための処置具起上台12が設けられている。この処置具起上台12は、親内視鏡1の先端部本体5の内部において、処置具挿通チャンネル8の先端側開口11の近傍に配設されている。   As shown in FIG. 2, a treatment tool protruding from the distal end side opening 11 of the treatment tool insertion channel 8 or a treatment tool for raising the insertion portion 10 of the child endoscope 2 is provided in the distal portion main body 5. An elevator 12 is provided. The treatment instrument raising base 12 is disposed in the vicinity of the distal end opening 11 of the treatment instrument insertion channel 8 inside the distal end main body 5 of the parent endoscope 1.

先端部本体5の外側は、先端カバー23によって覆われている。また、先端部本体5の基端側には、複数の湾曲駒24を連結して構成した湾曲管25が連設されている。   The outside of the tip body 5 is covered with a tip cover 23. In addition, a bending tube 25 configured by connecting a plurality of bending pieces 24 is connected to the proximal end side of the distal end portion body 5.

なお、処置具挿通チャンネル8に高周波処置具(図示せず)が挿入される場合、先端側開口11の近傍には、高周波処置具の電極が触れても絶縁できるように電気絶縁性部材22が配設されている。   When a high-frequency treatment instrument (not shown) is inserted into the treatment instrument insertion channel 8, an electrically insulating member 22 is provided in the vicinity of the distal end side opening 11 so that it can be insulated even if an electrode of the high-frequency treatment instrument is touched. It is arranged.

処置具挿通チャンネル8は、チャンネルチューブ26と、このチャンネルチューブ26を先端部本体5に連結するための口金部材27と、前記電気絶縁性部材22を含む先端部本体5とによって主に構成されている。   The treatment instrument insertion channel 8 is mainly configured by a channel tube 26, a base member 27 for connecting the channel tube 26 to the distal end body 5, and the distal end body 5 including the electrical insulating member 22. Yes.

処置具起上台12は、先端部本体5に支軸20を介して回動自在に配設されている。この処置具起上台12には、操作部4(図1参照)から延出され挿入部3内に配設された操作ワイヤー21の一端部が連結されている。この操作ワイヤー21の他端部は、操作部4の操作レバー14(図1参照)に連結されている。   The treatment instrument raising base 12 is rotatably disposed on the distal end portion body 5 via a support shaft 20. One end of an operation wire 21 extending from the operation unit 4 (see FIG. 1) and disposed in the insertion unit 3 is connected to the treatment instrument elevator base 12. The other end of the operation wire 21 is connected to the operation lever 14 (see FIG. 1) of the operation unit 4.

したがって、操作レバー14が操作されると操作ワイヤー21が挿入部3内を軸方向に進退し、支軸20を中心に処置具起上台12を倒置させたり起上させたりすることができるようになっている。   Therefore, when the operation lever 14 is operated, the operation wire 21 moves forward and backward in the insertion portion 3 in the axial direction so that the treatment instrument raising base 12 can be inverted or raised about the support shaft 20. It has become.

次に、子内視鏡2の構成について図1〜図3bを参照しながら説明する。
図1に示すように、子内視鏡2は、処置具チャンネル8に挿入される挿入部10と、この挿入部10の基端側に連設される操作部15と、を有して構成される。挿入部10は、外径直径が、例えば3〜4mm程度、長さは約2m程度に形成されていて、先端側から順に先端部本体16、湾曲部17、可撓管部18が連接して構成されている。
Next, the configuration of the child endoscope 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3b.
As shown in FIG. 1, the child endoscope 2 includes an insertion portion 10 that is inserted into the treatment instrument channel 8 and an operation portion 15 that is connected to the proximal end side of the insertion portion 10. Is done. The insertion portion 10 has an outer diameter of, for example, about 3 to 4 mm and a length of about 2 m. The distal end portion body 16, the bending portion 17, and the flexible tube portion 18 are connected in order from the distal end side. It is configured.

操作部15は、子内視鏡2を操作するのに必要な各種の操作部材と、この子内視鏡2のコントロールを行う内視鏡ユニット(図示せず)との間の接続を行うユニバーサルケーブル19等を有して構成される。   The operation unit 15 is a universal unit that connects between various operation members necessary for operating the child endoscope 2 and an endoscope unit (not shown) that controls the child endoscope 2. It has a cable 19 and the like.

図3aに示すように、子内視鏡2の先端部本体16は、先端構成部材33と、湾曲管接続部材34と、を有して構成される。   As shown in FIG. 3 a, the distal end main body 16 of the child endoscope 2 includes a distal end constituent member 33 and a bending tube connecting member 34.

図3bに示すように、挿入部10内には、観察窓35、撮像素子36、各種電子部品37、信号ケーブル38等からなる観察光学系39と、照明光学系40と、処置具挿通チャンネル41とが配設されている。   As shown in FIG. 3 b, in the insertion portion 10, an observation optical system 39 including an observation window 35, an image sensor 36, various electronic components 37, a signal cable 38, an illumination optical system 40, and a treatment instrument insertion channel 41. Are arranged.

図3aに示すように、湾曲管接続部材34は先端部構成部材33の後端に連結され、その内側は斜線に示すようにエポキシ系等の接着剤42が電子部品37等との隙間全域に充填されている。信号ケーブル38の先端部も接着剤42を介して先端部本体16に封止されている。   As shown in FIG. 3a, the bending tube connecting member 34 is coupled to the rear end of the tip portion constituting member 33, and the inner side thereof has an epoxy-based adhesive 42 across the gap between the electronic component 37 and the like as shown by the oblique lines. Filled. The distal end portion of the signal cable 38 is also sealed to the distal end portion main body 16 via an adhesive 42.

湾曲部17は、複数の湾曲駒43が連接された湾曲管32と、熱可塑性エラストマー(例えばポリウレタンチューブ)からなる外皮31と、を有して構成される。   The bending portion 17 includes a bending tube 32 in which a plurality of bending pieces 43 are connected, and an outer skin 31 made of a thermoplastic elastomer (for example, a polyurethane tube).

湾曲管32の最先端湾曲駒45には、操作部15から延びる複数の湾曲操作ワイヤー44の一端部が固定されている。また、湾曲管32の最先端湾曲駒45は、先端部本体16を構成している湾曲管接続部材34に固定されている。   One end of a plurality of bending operation wires 44 extending from the operation unit 15 is fixed to the most advanced bending piece 45 of the bending tube 32. The most advanced bending piece 45 of the bending tube 32 is fixed to the bending tube connecting member 34 that constitutes the distal end portion main body 16.

外皮31は、その両端を湾曲管32の最先端湾曲駒45と最基端湾曲駒46に接着固定されている。なお、接着剤42は、エポキシ系やシリコン系やウレタン系等、種類は限定されるものではない。   Both ends of the outer skin 31 are bonded and fixed to the most distal bending piece 45 and the most proximal bending piece 46 of the bending tube 32. The type of adhesive 42 is not limited, such as epoxy, silicon or urethane.

可撓管部18は、フレックス47と、網状管48と、可撓管外皮49と、可撓管先端口金50とで主に構成され、内部には、湾曲操作ワイヤー44が挿通されるワイヤーガイドコイル51が設けられている。   The flexible tube portion 18 is mainly composed of a flex 47, a mesh tube 48, a flexible tube outer sheath 49, and a flexible tube distal end cap 50, and a wire guide through which the bending operation wire 44 is inserted. A coil 51 is provided.

可撓管先端口金50の手元側には、フレックス47と網状管48が固定され、さらに可撓管外皮49の端部が被覆固定されている。この可撓管先端口金50の先端内側にはワイヤーガイドコイル51が固定され、外側には湾曲管32の最基端湾曲駒46が固定されている。   On the proximal side of the flexible tube tip 50, a flex 47 and a mesh tube 48 are fixed, and an end portion of the flexible tube outer sheath 49 is fixed by covering. A wire guide coil 51 is fixed on the inner side of the distal end of the flexible tube distal end cap 50, and the most proximal bending piece 46 of the bending tube 32 is fixed on the outer side.

本実施形態では、湾曲管32の外径よりも大きな内径を有する熱可塑性エラストマーにより形成された外皮31を、直接湾曲管32に以下の条件で被覆している。
つまり、図3a及び図3bに示すように、湾曲管32の外径をDとし、外皮31の内径をdとし、外皮31の肉厚をtとし、湾曲管32と外皮31との間の片側クリアランスをXとするとき、
0.07≧X/D>0
t≦0.4
の関係を有する。外皮31の肉厚をtの単位はmmである。
In this embodiment, the outer skin 31 formed of a thermoplastic elastomer having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the bending tube 32 is directly covered on the bending tube 32 under the following conditions.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b, the outer diameter of the bending tube 32 is D, the inner diameter of the outer skin 31 is d, the thickness of the outer skin 31 is t, and one side between the bending tube 32 and the outer skin 31. When the clearance is X,
0.07 ≧ X / D> 0
t ≦ 0.4
Have the relationship. The unit of t for the thickness of the outer skin 31 is mm.

次に、本実施形態の親子式内視鏡システムの作用について、図2を参照しながら説明する。
図2に示すように、子内視鏡2の挿入部10が処置具挿通チャンネル8の先端側開口11から突出している状態のとき、操作レバー14を操作して操作ワイヤー21を挿入部3内の軸方向に進退させると、支軸20を中心に処置具起上台12が回動され、その回動動作に伴って挿入部10の突出方向を変えることができるようになっている。
Next, the operation of the parent-child endoscope system of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, when the insertion portion 10 of the child endoscope 2 protrudes from the distal end side opening 11 of the treatment instrument insertion channel 8, the operation lever 21 is operated to insert the operation wire 21 into the insertion portion 3. When it is advanced and retracted in the axial direction, the treatment instrument elevator base 12 is rotated around the support shaft 20, and the protruding direction of the insertion portion 10 can be changed in accordance with the rotation operation.

図2は、本実施形態の子内視鏡2を、あらかじめ十二指腸28へ挿入しておいた親内視鏡1を介して、挿入部10を押し出し、挿入部10を胆管29又は膵管30へ挿入する状態を示している。   FIG. 2 shows that the child endoscope 2 of the present embodiment is pushed out through the parent endoscope 1 that has been inserted into the duodenum 28 in advance, and the insertion unit 10 is inserted into the bile duct 29 or the pancreatic duct 30. It shows the state to do.

本実施形態の子内視鏡2においては、図3a及び図3bにより説明した通り、熱可塑性エラストマー製の外皮31が、予め設定した条件で湾曲管32に被覆されている。このため、手元側から挿入部10を進退ないし捩る等の操作を行うことで処置具起上台12と湾曲部17とが強く擦れても、熱可塑性エラストマー製の外皮31は、破損しにくく、かつ図に示すように湾曲した状態でも外皮31の外観上にシワが発生しない。したがって、シワによって子内視鏡2の外径が太ることもなく、湾曲状態でも親内視鏡1との挿通性が悪くなることもない。   In the child endoscope 2 of the present embodiment, as described with reference to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the outer tube 31 made of a thermoplastic elastomer is covered with the bending tube 32 under preset conditions. For this reason, even if the treatment instrument raising base 12 and the bending portion 17 are rubbed strongly by performing an operation such as advancement / retraction or twisting of the insertion portion 10 from the hand side, the outer skin 31 made of thermoplastic elastomer is not easily damaged, and As shown in the figure, wrinkles are not generated on the outer appearance of the outer skin 31 even in a curved state. Therefore, the outer diameter of the child endoscope 2 does not increase due to wrinkles, and the insertion property with the parent endoscope 1 does not deteriorate even in a curved state.

また、湾曲部17のほぼ全長に亘ってクリアランス(片側クリアランスX)を設けて被覆しているため、熱可塑性エラストマー製の外皮31が各湾曲駒43の動きを制限することがない。その結果、子内視鏡2の湾曲部17の湾曲力量も従来のゴム材の外皮並みに軽くできると共に、湾曲角度も十分に出せる。なお、この湾曲角度としては、例えば、挿入部ストレート状態でUP、DOWN各70°かつ胆管内実使用状態でUP、DOWN各30°以上である。   Moreover, since the clearance (one-side clearance X) is provided and covered over almost the entire length of the bending portion 17, the outer skin 31 made of thermoplastic elastomer does not restrict the movement of each bending piece 43. As a result, the amount of bending force of the bending portion 17 of the child endoscope 2 can be reduced to the same level as that of a conventional rubber material, and a sufficient bending angle can be obtained. The bending angle is, for example, 70 ° for UP and DOWN in the insertion portion straight state and 30 ° or more for UP and DOWN in the actual use state in the bile duct.

したがって、本実施形態によれば、熱可塑性エラストマー製の外皮31を、予め設定した条件で子内視鏡2の湾曲部17に被覆することにより、親内視鏡1の処置具起上台12と擦れても破損しない高い耐久性を有するとともに、湾曲力量も軽く、湾曲時のシワもなく、親内視鏡1との挿通性も良好な子内視鏡を備えて親子式内視鏡システムを実現できる。   Therefore, according to the present embodiment, by covering the outer skin 31 made of thermoplastic elastomer on the curved portion 17 of the child endoscope 2 under a preset condition, the treatment instrument elevator base 12 of the parent endoscope 1 and A parent-child endoscope system is provided with a child endoscope that has high durability that does not break even if it is rubbed, has a light bending force, is not wrinkled at the time of bending, and has a good insertion property with the parent endoscope 1. realizable.

なお、本実施形態において、子内視鏡2の湾曲部17の先端側に設けられた、湾曲管32よりも先端部本体16の外径をAとし、湾曲管32の両端の外径をD1とし、湾曲管32の長手方向における中間部の外径をD2とし、外皮31を湾曲管32に被覆する前の内径をdとし、外皮31を湾曲管32に被覆する前の外径をBとし、前記親内視鏡1の処置具挿通チャンネル8の内径をCとするとき、
0. 97C≧B≧A>d≧D1≧D2
又は
0.97C≧B≧A>D1≧d≧D2
の関係を有するように構成してもよい。このような関係を有するように親内視鏡1の処置具挿通チャンネル8及び子内視鏡2を構成すれば、前記実施形態と同様の効果が得られる他、より耐久性、被覆性、及び親内視鏡との挿通性を向上できる。
In the present embodiment, the outer diameter of the distal end body 16 provided on the distal end side of the bending portion 17 of the child endoscope 2 is A and the outer diameter of both ends of the bending tube 32 is D1. The outer diameter of the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the bending tube 32 is D2, the inner diameter before covering the outer skin 31 with the bending tube 32 is d, and the outer diameter before covering the outer skin 31 with the bending tube 32 is B. When the inner diameter of the treatment instrument insertion channel 8 of the parent endoscope 1 is C,
0. 97C ≧ B ≧ A> d ≧ D1 ≧ D2
Or 0.97C ≧ B ≧ A> D1 ≧ d ≧ D2
You may comprise so that it may have these relationships. If the treatment instrument insertion channel 8 and the child endoscope 2 of the parent endoscope 1 are configured so as to have such a relationship, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained, and more durability, coverage, and Insertability with the parent endoscope can be improved.

また、本実施形態の子内視鏡2は、図4〜図7に示す各種変形例に示すように構成しても良い。子内視鏡2の各種変形例を、図4〜図7を参照しながら説明する。   Moreover, you may comprise the child endoscope 2 of this embodiment as shown in the various modifications shown in FIGS. Various modifications of the child endoscope 2 will be described with reference to FIGS.

図4は、前記実施形態の第1の変形例に係る子内視鏡2Aの湾曲管32の構成を示す断面図である。
第1の変形例に係る子内視鏡2Aは、最先端湾曲駒45と最基端湾曲駒46の構成が図2に示す構成と異なっている。
すなわち、図4に示す子内視鏡2Aは、外皮31と最先端湾曲駒45との間、外皮31と最基端湾曲駒46との間にはクリアランスはない。それ以外の湾曲駒43と外皮31との間のクリアランスは、前記実施形態の図2に示す子内視鏡2と同じである。
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the bending tube 32 of the child endoscope 2A according to the first modification of the embodiment.
The child endoscope 2A according to the first modification differs from the configuration shown in FIG. 2 in the configurations of the most distal bending piece 45 and the most proximal bending piece 46.
That is, the child endoscope 2A shown in FIG. 4 has no clearance between the outer skin 31 and the most distal bending piece 45 and between the outer skin 31 and the most proximal bending piece 46. The other clearance between the bending piece 43 and the outer skin 31 is the same as that of the child endoscope 2 shown in FIG.

つまり、図4に示す子内視鏡2Aの実際湾曲する部分の湾曲駒43と外皮31とのクリアランスは、図2に示す子内視鏡2と同じであるため、効果も同じである。   That is, the clearance between the bending piece 43 and the outer skin 31 of the actually bending portion of the child endoscope 2A shown in FIG. 4 is the same as that of the child endoscope 2 shown in FIG.

なお、図4は、外皮31と最先端湾曲駒45との間、外皮31と最基端湾曲駒46との間の両方にクリアランスがない形態と記載しているが、本変形例は、外皮31と最先端湾曲駒45との間、外皮31と最基端湾曲駒46との間のどちらか一方にクリアランスがないように構成してもよい。
その他の構成・作用は、前記実施形態と同様である。
Note that FIG. 4 describes a form in which there is no clearance between the outer skin 31 and the most advanced bending piece 45 and between the outer skin 31 and the most proximal bending piece 46. You may comprise so that there may be no clearance in either one between 31 and the most advanced bending piece 45 and between the outer skin 31 and the most proximal bending piece 46.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the above embodiment.

このように、第1の変形例によれば、外皮31と第1湾曲駒45との間、外皮31と最終湾曲駒46との間のクリアランスをなくし、それ以外の湾曲駒43と外皮31との間のクリアランスについては、前記実施形態と同様に構成したことにより、前記実施形態と同様の効果が得られる。   Thus, according to the first modification, the clearance between the outer skin 31 and the first bending piece 45, the clearance between the outer skin 31 and the final bending piece 46 is eliminated, and the other bending pieces 43 and the outer skin 31 About the clearance between these, since it comprised similarly to the said embodiment, the effect similar to the said embodiment is acquired.

図5は、本実施形態の第2の変形例に係る子内視鏡2Bを示し、この子内視鏡2Bの外皮被覆長の構成を説明するための湾曲部基端側の断面図である。   FIG. 5 shows a child endoscope 2B according to a second modification of the present embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view of the proximal end side of the curved portion for explaining the configuration of the outer covering length of the child endoscope 2B. .

図5に示す第2の変形例に係る子内視鏡2Bは、外皮31の手元端が、可撓管部18の網状管48の外周に接着固定されている。その他の構成は、図2に示す実施形態と同じである。また、作用についても前記実施形態と同じである。   In the child endoscope 2B according to the second modification shown in FIG. 5, the proximal end of the outer skin 31 is bonded and fixed to the outer periphery of the mesh tube 48 of the flexible tube portion 18. Other configurations are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. The operation is also the same as in the above embodiment.

このように、第2の変形例によれば、外皮31の手元端が、可撓管部18の網状管48の外周に接着固定された構成である場合でも、前記実施形態と同様の効果が得られる。   Thus, according to the second modification, even when the proximal end of the outer skin 31 is bonded and fixed to the outer periphery of the mesh tube 48 of the flexible tube portion 18, the same effect as in the above embodiment is obtained. can get.

図6及び図7は、本実施形態の第3の変形例に係る子内視鏡2Cを示し、図6は、第3変形例の子内視鏡2Cに用いられる外皮31の断面図、図7は、図6の外皮31を被覆しかつ自然状態(湾曲操作をしていない)の子内視鏡2Cの断面図である。   6 and 7 show a child endoscope 2C according to a third modification example of the present embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an outer skin 31 used in the child endoscope 2C according to the third modification example. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the child endoscope 2C in a natural state (not subjected to a bending operation) that covers the outer skin 31 of FIG.

図6に示す外皮31は、第3の変形例の子内視鏡2Cに用いられる、被覆前の外皮31である。この外皮31は、手元端が斜めにカットされている。この他の構成は、図2に示す実施形態の外皮31と同じである。   An outer skin 31 shown in FIG. 6 is an uncovered outer skin 31 used for the child endoscope 2C of the third modified example. The outer skin 31 has a proximal end cut obliquely. Other configurations are the same as the outer skin 31 of the embodiment shown in FIG.

このような構成の外皮31を用いて子内視鏡2Cを構成する場合、熱可塑性エラストマーは硬く延伸性が低いため、被覆後の状態も図6の形状がほぼ維持される。そのため例えば、図6で軸方向の長さの短い方を図7に示すように湾曲部17のアップ側に合わせて被覆して構成すると、子内視鏡2Cの挿入部10の湾曲部17は、図7に示すように自然状態でも湾曲の内と外で外皮の長さが異なるため、この場合はアップ側に曲がり癖のついた湾曲形状にすることができる。   When the child endoscope 2C is configured using the outer skin 31 having such a configuration, since the thermoplastic elastomer is hard and has low stretchability, the shape of FIG. 6 is substantially maintained even after coating. Therefore, for example, when the shorter axial length in FIG. 6 is configured to cover the up side of the bending portion 17 as shown in FIG. 7, the bending portion 17 of the insertion portion 10 of the child endoscope 2C is As shown in FIG. 7, since the length of the outer skin is different between the inside and the outside of the curve even in the natural state, in this case, it is possible to obtain a curved shape with a bend on the up side.

したがって、第3の変形例の子内視鏡2Cは、予め湾曲部17に少し曲がり癖がついていると、親内視鏡1の処置具机上台12の上をより挿通し易くできる。
その他の構成・作用は、前記実施形態と同様である。
Therefore, the child endoscope 2C according to the third modified example can be more easily inserted over the treatment instrument table 12 of the parent endoscope 1 if the bending portion 17 is slightly bent in advance.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the above embodiment.

したがって、第3の変形例によれば、前記実施形態と同様の効果が得られる他に、手元端が斜めにカットされた外皮31を用いて予め湾曲部17に少し曲がり癖がついた湾曲形状に構成することにより、親内視鏡1の処置具机上台12の上をより挿通し易くできるといった効果が得られる。   Therefore, according to the third modification, in addition to the same effects as those of the above embodiment, a curved shape in which the curved portion 17 is slightly bent in advance using the outer skin 31 whose hand end is cut obliquely. By configuring in this way, the effect that the top of the treatment instrument table 12 of the parent endoscope 1 can be more easily inserted is obtained.

なお、本実施形態及び第1〜第3の変形例において、処置具起上台12に対して子内視鏡2の湾曲部17をより滑り易くするために、熱可塑性エラストマーにより形成された外皮31の表面に、例えば、薄いフッ素系樹脂をコーティングして構成してもよい。このような構成の場合も前記図2に示す実施形態と同じ効果が得られる。   In addition, in this embodiment and the 1st-3rd modification, in order to make the curved part 17 of the child endoscope 2 more slippery with respect to the treatment tool raising base 12, the outer skin 31 formed of a thermoplastic elastomer. For example, a thin fluororesin may be coated on the surface. In such a configuration, the same effect as that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained.

なお、本発明は、親内視鏡の処置具挿通チャンネルに挿通して使用する子内視鏡に限定されるものではなく、内視鏡の外皮の損傷を回避することが要求されるあらゆる内視鏡に好適に用いることができる。例えば、噴進エンジンの内部のようにタービン等の鋭利な金属部品が露出している環境下で使用される内視鏡に適用しても良い。   Note that the present invention is not limited to a child endoscope that is used by being inserted into a treatment instrument insertion channel of a parent endoscope, and any endoscope that is required to avoid damage to the outer skin of the endoscope. It can be suitably used for an endoscope. For example, the present invention may be applied to an endoscope that is used in an environment where sharp metal parts such as a turbine are exposed, such as the inside of a jet engine.

さらに、本発明は、上述した実施形態及び実施形態の変形例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を変えない範囲において、種々の変更、改変等が可能である。   Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications of the embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1…親内視鏡、
2…子内視鏡、
3…挿入部(親)、
4…操作部(親)、
5…先端部本体(親)、
6…湾曲部(親)、
7…可撓管部(親)、
8…処置具挿通チャンネル(親)、
9…操作部側開口(親)、
10…挿入部(子)、
11…先端側開口(親)、
12…処置具起上台(親)、
13…ユニバーサルケーブル(親)、
14…操作レバー(親)、
15…操作部(子)、
16…先端部本体(子)、
17…湾曲部(子)、
18…可撓管部(子)、
19…ユニバーサルケーブル(子)、
20…支軸(親)、
21…操作ワイヤー(親)、
22…電気絶縁性部材(親)、
23…先端カバー(親)、
24…湾曲駒(親)、
25…湾曲管(親)、
26…チャンネルチューブ(親)、
27…口金部材(親)、
28…十二指腸、
29…胆管、
30…膵管、
31…外皮(子)、
32…湾曲管(子)、
33…先端構成部材(子)、
34…湾曲管接続部材(子)、
35…観察窓(子)、
36…撮像素子(子)、
37…電子部品(子)、
38…信号ケーブル(子)、
39…観察光学系(子)、
40…照明光学系(子)、
41…処置具挿通チャンネル(子)、
42…接着剤(子)、
43…湾曲駒(子)、
44…湾曲操作ワイヤー(子)、
45…最先端湾曲駒(子)、
46…最基端湾曲駒(子)、
47…フレックス(子)、
48…網状管(子)、
49…可撓管外皮(子)、
50…可撓管先端口金(子)、
51…ワイヤーガイドコイル(子)、
D…湾曲管の外径、
d…外皮の内径、
t…外皮の肉厚、
X…片側クリアランス。
1 ... Parent endoscope,
2 ... Child endoscope,
3 ... Insertion part (parent),
4 ... operation part (parent),
5 ... tip body (parent),
6 ... curved part (parent),
7 ... Flexible tube (parent),
8 ... Treatment instrument insertion channel (parent),
9 ... opening on the operation side (parent),
10 ... Insertion part (child),
11 ... opening on the tip side (parent),
12 ... Treatment tool elevator (parent),
13 ... Universal cable (parent),
14 ... Control lever (parent),
15 ... operation part (child),
16 ... tip body (child),
17 ... curved portion (child),
18 ... Flexible tube (child),
19 ... Universal cable (child),
20 ... Spindle (parent),
21 ... Operation wire (parent),
22: Electrical insulating member (parent),
23 ... tip cover (parent),
24 ... Curving piece (parent),
25 ... curved tube (parent),
26 ... Channel tube (parent),
27. Base member (parent),
28 ... duodenum,
29 ... Bile duct,
30 ... Pancreatic duct,
31 ... Outer skin (child),
32 ... Curved tube (child),
33 ... tip component (child),
34: Curved tube connecting member (child),
35 ... Observation window (child),
36 ... Image sensor (child),
37 ... Electronic component (child),
38 ... Signal cable (child),
39: Observation optical system (child),
40. Illumination optical system (child),
41 ... treatment instrument insertion channel (child),
42. Adhesive (child),
43 ... Curving piece (child),
44 ... bending operation wire (child),
45 ... Cutting edge bending piece (child),
46: The most proximal bending piece (child),
47 ... Flex (child),
48 ... Reticulated tube (child),
49 ... flexible tube skin (child),
50 ... flexible tube tip (child),
51 ... Wire guide coil (child),
D: outer diameter of the bending tube,
d: inner diameter of the outer skin,
t ... the thickness of the outer skin,
X: Clearance on one side.

Claims (2)

連結された複数の湾曲駒からなる湾曲管と、前記湾曲管の外径よりも大きな内径を有し、且つ前記湾曲駒を直接被覆する熱可塑性エラストマーにより形成された外皮とを備えて構成される湾曲部を有し、
前記湾曲管は、最先端側の最先端湾曲駒と、最基端側の最基端湾曲駒とを有し、
前記湾曲管に対して被覆される前の前記外皮は、手元側基端部が斜めにカットされており、
前記外皮は、前記湾曲管に対して被覆された後は、前記湾曲部の湾曲方向のアップ側に対応する側の軸方向の長さが、前記アップ側とは逆側の軸方向の長さよりも短く形成され、この短く形成された前記アップ側の軸方向の手元側基端部の位置を、長く形成された前記逆側の軸方向の手元側基端部の位置に合わせるように前記湾曲管の前記最基端湾曲駒に接着固定したことを特徴とする内視鏡。
A bending tube comprising a plurality of connected bending pieces, and an outer skin made of a thermoplastic elastomer having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the bending tube and directly covering the bending piece. Has a curved portion,
The bending tube has a cutting edge bending piece on the cutting edge side and a bending edge piece on the most proximal side,
The outer skin before being coated against the bending tube has a proximal base end portion cut obliquely,
After the outer skin is coated on the bending tube, the axial length on the side corresponding to the up side in the bending direction of the bending portion is longer than the axial length on the opposite side to the up side. Is also formed so that the position of the proximal side proximal end portion in the axial direction on the up side formed shortly is aligned with the position of the proximal side proximal end portion in the axial direction on the opposite side formed in the longer side. An endoscope characterized by being bonded and fixed to the most proximal bending piece of a tube .
前記外皮の手元端は、前記湾曲部の手元側に接続される可撓管部の網状管の外周に接着固定したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内視鏡。 The endoscope according to claim 1 , wherein a proximal end of the outer skin is bonded and fixed to an outer periphery of a mesh tube of a flexible tube portion connected to a proximal side of the bending portion .
JP2010244011A 2010-10-29 2010-10-29 Endoscope Active JP5622527B2 (en)

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EP2959823A4 (en) * 2013-06-19 2017-06-21 Olympus Corporation Endoscope
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