JP5601276B2 - Organic photoelectric conversion element - Google Patents
Organic photoelectric conversion element Download PDFInfo
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- JP5601276B2 JP5601276B2 JP2011100889A JP2011100889A JP5601276B2 JP 5601276 B2 JP5601276 B2 JP 5601276B2 JP 2011100889 A JP2011100889 A JP 2011100889A JP 2011100889 A JP2011100889 A JP 2011100889A JP 5601276 B2 JP5601276 B2 JP 5601276B2
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- photoelectric conversion
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004148 curcumin Substances 0.000 description 1
- WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylcyclohexane Chemical group C1CCCCC1C1CCCCC1 WVIIMZNLDWSIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002933 cyclohexyloxy group Chemical group C1(CCCCC1)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006612 decyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004705 ethylthio group Chemical group C(C)S* 0.000 description 1
- OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium atom Chemical compound [Eu] OGPBJKLSAFTDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003707 hexyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LHJOPRPDWDXEIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium lithium Chemical compound [Li].[In] LHJOPRPDWDXEIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YZASAXHKAQYPEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium silver Chemical compound [Ag].[In] YZASAXHKAQYPEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005956 isoquinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GCICAPWZNUIIDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium magnesium Chemical compound [Li].[Mg] GCICAPWZNUIIDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium silver Chemical compound [Mg].[Ag] SJCKRGFTWFGHGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008204 material by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N mesitylene Substances CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002816 methylsulfanyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S[*] 0.000 description 1
- XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyltrioctylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UNFUYWDGSFDHCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N monochlorocyclohexane Chemical compound ClC1CCCCC1 UNFUYWDGSFDHCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DCZNSJVFOQPSRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diphenyl-4-[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]aniline Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 DCZNSJVFOQPSRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002791 naphthoquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000006611 nonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005447 octyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N oxazine, 1 Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H](C(C[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)N(C)C)[C@H](O)C[C@]21C)=O)CC1=CC2)C[C@H]1[C@@]1(C)[C@H]2N=C(C(C)C)OC1 AICOOMRHRUFYCM-ZRRPKQBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229960003540 oxyquinoline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000006340 pentafluoro ethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000538 pentafluorophenyl group Chemical group FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(*)C(F)=C1F 0.000 description 1
- 125000004115 pentoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005003 perfluorobutyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005005 perfluorohexyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005007 perfluorooctyl group Chemical group FC(C(C(C(C(C(C(C(F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000005041 phenanthrolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 1
- NIXKBAZVOQAHGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 NIXKBAZVOQAHGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005936 piperidyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000301 poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000548 poly(silane) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003219 pyrazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolin-8-ol Chemical class C1=CN=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 MCJGNVYPOGVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005493 quinolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005920 sec-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WWGXHTXOZKVJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;n,n-diethylcarbamodithioate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na+].CCN(CC)C([S-])=S WWGXHTXOZKVJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004213 tert-butoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(O*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005556 thienylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005034 trifluormethylthio group Chemical group FC(S*)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
- C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
- C07D209/82—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles
- C07D209/86—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/78—Ring systems having three or more relevant rings
- C07D311/80—Dibenzopyrans; Hydrogenated dibenzopyrans
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D333/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings not substituted on the ring sulphur atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/50—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D333/76—Dibenzothiophenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K2102/10—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene
- H10K2102/101—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO]
- H10K2102/103—Transparent electrodes, e.g. using graphene comprising transparent conductive oxides [TCO] comprising indium oxides, e.g. ITO
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/30—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
- H10K85/115—Polyfluorene; Derivatives thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
- H10K85/151—Copolymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
- H10K85/622—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene containing four rings, e.g. pyrene
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6574—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only oxygen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. cumarine dyes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6576—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only sulfur in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. benzothiophene
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Description
本発明は、有機光電変換素子に関する。 The present invention relates to an organic photoelectric conversion element.
近年、有機半導体材料を有機光電変換素子(有機太陽電池、光センサー等)の活性層に用いる検討が活発に行われている。中でも、有機半導体材料として高分子化合物を含む組成物を用いれば、安価な塗布法で活性層を作製することができるため、様々な高分子化合物を含有する組成物を含む有機光電変換素子が検討されている。例えば、共役高分子化合物であるポリ3−ヘキシルチオフェンとフラーレン誘導体であるC60PCBMとを含む有機層を有する有機太陽電池が記載されている(非特許文献1)。 In recent years, studies using an organic semiconductor material for an active layer of an organic photoelectric conversion element (such as an organic solar cell or an optical sensor) have been actively conducted. In particular, if a composition containing a polymer compound is used as an organic semiconductor material, an active layer can be produced by an inexpensive coating method. Therefore, an organic photoelectric conversion element including a composition containing various polymer compounds has been studied. Has been. For example, an organic solar cell having an organic layer containing poly-3-hexylthiophene that is a conjugated polymer compound and C60PCBM that is a fullerene derivative is described (Non-Patent Document 1).
しかし、前記有機光電変換素子は、開放端電圧(Voc)が必ずしも十分ではないという問題がある。 However, the organic photoelectric conversion element has a problem that an open circuit voltage (Voc) is not always sufficient.
そこで、本発明は、高い開放端電圧を付与しうる有機光電変換素子を提供することを目的とする。 Then, an object of this invention is to provide the organic photoelectric conversion element which can provide a high open end voltage.
即ち、本発明は第一に、一対の電極と、該電極間に設けられた有機層とを有し、該有機層が式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物とを含む有機光電変換素子を提供する。
(1)
(式中、A環及びB環は、同一又は相異なり、芳香環を表す。A2は、A環及びB環と結合して5員環若しくは6員環を形成する2価の基、−S−又は−O−を表す。R1は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルコキシ基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキルチオ基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールオキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリールチオ基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルコキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキルチオ基、ジヒドロキシボリル基、ホウ酸エステル残基、ハロマグネシウム基、置換されていてもよいスタンニル基、又は、スルホン酸残基を表す。2個あるR1は、同一であっても相異なっていてもよい。)
That is, the present invention first includes an organic layer having a pair of electrodes and an organic layer provided between the electrodes, wherein the organic layer includes a compound represented by the formula (1) and a conjugated polymer compound. A photoelectric conversion element is provided.
(1)
(In the formula, A ring and B ring are the same or different and each represents an aromatic ring. A 2 is a divalent group that forms a 5-membered or 6-membered ring by combining with A ring and B ring; R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted with fluorine, an alkoxy group which may be substituted with fluorine, an alkylthio group which may be substituted with fluorine, or substituted. Aryl group which may be substituted, aryloxy group which may be substituted, arylthio group which may be substituted, arylalkyl group which may be substituted, arylalkoxy group which may be substituted, substituted An arylalkylthio group, a dihydroxyboryl group, a boric acid ester residue, a halomagnesium group, an optionally substituted stannyl group, or a sulfonic acid residue. 1 may be different and the same.)
本発明は第二に、有機層中の式(1)で表される化合物の重量が、共役高分子化合物100重量部に対して、0.1〜10000重量部である前記有機光電変換素子を提供する。 Secondly, the present invention provides the organic photoelectric conversion element in which the weight of the compound represented by the formula (1) in the organic layer is 0.1 to 10,000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the conjugated polymer compound. provide.
本発明は第三に、有機層中に、さらに電子受容性化合物が含まれる前記有機光電変換素子を提供する。 Thirdly, the present invention provides the organic photoelectric conversion device, wherein the organic layer further contains an electron accepting compound.
本発明は第四に、電子受容性化合物が、フラーレン誘導体である前記有機光電変換素子を提供する。 Fourthly, the present invention provides the organic photoelectric conversion element, wherein the electron accepting compound is a fullerene derivative.
本発明は第五に、有機層中に、さらに電子供与性化合物が含まれる前記有機光電変換素子を提供する。 Fifth, the present invention provides the organic photoelectric conversion device, wherein the organic layer further contains an electron donating compound.
本発明の有機光電変換素子は、高い開放端電圧を示すので、本発明は極めて有用である。 Since the organic photoelectric conversion device of the present invention exhibits a high open-circuit voltage, the present invention is extremely useful.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明の有機光電変換素子は、式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物とを含む有機層を有する。
(1)
(式中、A環及びB環は、同一又は相異なり、芳香環を表す。A2は、A環及びB環と結合して5員環若しくは6員環を形成する2価の基、−S−又は−O−を表す。R1は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルコキシ基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキルチオ基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールオキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリールチオ基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルコキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキルチオ基、ジヒドロキシボリル基、ホウ酸エステル残基、ハロマグネシウム基、置換されていてもよいスタンニル基、又は、スルホン酸残基を表す。2個あるR1は、同一であっても相異なっていてもよい。)
The organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention has an organic layer containing a compound represented by the formula (1) and a conjugated polymer compound.
(1)
(In the formula, A ring and B ring are the same or different and each represents an aromatic ring. A 2 is a divalent group that forms a 5-membered or 6-membered ring by combining with A ring and B ring; R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted with fluorine, an alkoxy group which may be substituted with fluorine, an alkylthio group which may be substituted with fluorine, or substituted. Aryl group which may be substituted, aryloxy group which may be substituted, arylthio group which may be substituted, arylalkyl group which may be substituted, arylalkoxy group which may be substituted, substituted An arylalkylthio group, a dihydroxyboryl group, a boric acid ester residue, a halomagnesium group, an optionally substituted stannyl group, or a sulfonic acid residue. 1 may be different and the same.)
式(1)中、R1で表されるハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられる。 In formula (1), examples of the halogen atom represented by R 1 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
式(1)中、R1で表されるアルキル基は、その炭素数が通常1〜20であり、直鎖状でも分岐状でもよく、また、環状であってもよい。アルキル基の具体例としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、イソブチル基、tert−ブチル基、sec−ブチル基、3−メチルブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、2−エチルヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、3,7−ジメチルオクチル基及びラウリル基が挙げられる。前記アルキル基中の水素原子はフッ素原子で置換されていてもよい。フッ素原子で水素原子が置換されたアルキル基としては、トリフルオロメチル基、ペンタフルオロエチル基、パーフルオロブチル基、パーフルオロヘキシル基及びパーフルオロオクチル基が挙げられる。 In formula (1), the alkyl group represented by R 1 usually has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and may be linear or branched, or may be cyclic. Specific examples of the alkyl group include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, sec-butyl group, 3-methylbutyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group and 2-ethylhexyl. Group, heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, 3,7-dimethyloctyl group and lauryl group. A hydrogen atom in the alkyl group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. Examples of the alkyl group in which a hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom include a trifluoromethyl group, a pentafluoroethyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a perfluorohexyl group, and a perfluorooctyl group.
式(1)中、R1で表されるアルコキシ基において、そのアルキル部分の炭素数が通常1〜20であり、直鎖状でも分岐状でもよく、また、環状であってもよい。アルコキシ基の具体例としては、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、イソプロポキシ基、ブトキシ基、イソブトキシ基、sec−ブトキシ基、tert−ブトキシ基、ペンチルオキシ基、ヘキシルオキシ基、シクロヘキシルオキシ基、ヘプチルオキシ基、オクチルオキシ基、2−エチルヘキシルオキシ基、ノニルオキシ基、デシルオキシ基、3,7−ジメチルオクチルオキシ基及びラウリルオキシ基が挙げられる。前記アルコキシ基中の水素原子はフッ素原子で置換されていてもよい。フッ素原子で水素原子が置換されたアルコキシ基としては、トリフルオロメトキシ基、ペンタフルオロエトキシ基、パーフルオロブトキシ基、パーフルオロヘキシルオキシ基及びパーフルオロオクチルオキシ基が挙げられる。 In formula (1), in the alkoxy group represented by R 1 , the alkyl moiety usually has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and may be linear or branched, or may be cyclic. Specific examples of the alkoxy group include methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group, isopropoxy group, butoxy group, isobutoxy group, sec-butoxy group, tert-butoxy group, pentyloxy group, hexyloxy group, cyclohexyloxy group, heptyl Examples thereof include an oxy group, an octyloxy group, a 2-ethylhexyloxy group, a nonyloxy group, a decyloxy group, a 3,7-dimethyloctyloxy group, and a lauryloxy group. A hydrogen atom in the alkoxy group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. Examples of the alkoxy group in which a hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom include a trifluoromethoxy group, a pentafluoroethoxy group, a perfluorobutoxy group, a perfluorohexyloxy group, and a perfluorooctyloxy group.
式(1)中、R1で表されるアルキルチオ基において、そのアルキル部分の炭素数が通常1〜20程度であり、直鎖状でも分岐状でもよく、また、環状であってもよい。アルキルチオ基の具体例としては、メチルチオ基、エチルチオ基、プロピルチオ基、イソプロピルチオ基、ブチルチオ基、イソブチルチオ基、sec−ブチルチオ基、tert−ブチルチオ基、ペンチルチオ基、ヘキシルチオ基、シクロヘキシルチオ基、ヘプチルチオ基、オクチルチオ基、2−エチルヘキシルチオ基、ノニルチオ基、デシルチオ基、3,7−ジメチルオクチルチオ基及びラウリルチオ基が挙げられる。前記アルキルチオ基中の水素原子はフッ素原子で置換されていてもよい。フッ素原子で水素原子が置換されたアルキルチオ基としては、トリフルオロメチルチオ基が挙げられる。 In formula (1), in the alkylthio group represented by R 1 , the alkyl moiety usually has about 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and may be linear or branched, or cyclic. Specific examples of the alkylthio group include methylthio group, ethylthio group, propylthio group, isopropylthio group, butylthio group, isobutylthio group, sec-butylthio group, tert-butylthio group, pentylthio group, hexylthio group, cyclohexylthio group, heptylthio group. Octylthio group, 2-ethylhexylthio group, nonylthio group, decylthio group, 3,7-dimethyloctylthio group and laurylthio group. A hydrogen atom in the alkylthio group may be substituted with a fluorine atom. Examples of the alkylthio group in which a hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom include a trifluoromethylthio group.
式(1)中、R1で表されるアリール基は、芳香族炭化水素から、芳香環上の水素原子1個を除いた原子団であり、ベンゼン環を持つもの、縮合環を持つもの、独立したベンゼン環又は縮合環2個以上が直接又はビニレン等の基を介して結合したものも含まれる。アリール基は、その炭素数が通常6〜60であり、好ましくは6〜48である。アリール基の具体例としては、フェニル基、C1〜C12アルキルフェニル基(C1〜C12は、炭素数1〜12であることを示す。以下も同様である。)、1−ナフチル基、2−ナフチル基、1−アントラセニル基、2−アントラセニル基及び9−アントラセニル基が挙げられる。アリール基は、置換基を有していてもよい。該置換基としては、炭素数1〜20の直鎖状若しくは分岐状のアルキル基又は炭素数3〜20のシクロアルキル基、炭素数1〜20の直鎖状若しくは分岐状のアルキル基又は炭素数3〜20のシクロアルキル基をその構造中に含むアルコキシ基、式(6)で表されるアルコキシアルコキシ基及びフッ素原子があげられ、置換されたアリール基の具体例としては、C1〜C12アルコキシフェニル基及びペンタフルオロフェニル基が挙げられる。置換されていてもよいアリール基の好ましい例としては、C1〜C12アルコキシフェニル基及びC1〜C12アルキルフェニル基が挙げられる。C1〜C12アルコキシフェニル基の具体例としては、メトキシフェニル基、エトキシフェニル基、プロポキシフェニル基、イソプロポキシフェニル基、ブトキシフェニル基、イソブトキシフェニル基、sec−ブトキシフェニル基、tert−ブトキシフェニル基、ペンチルオキシフェニル基、ヘキシルオキシフェニル基、シクロヘキシルオキシフェニル基、ヘプチルオキシフェニル基、オクチルオキシフェニル基、2−エチルヘキシルオキシフェニル基、ノニルオキシフェニル基、デシルオキシフェニル基、3,7−ジメチルオクチルオキシフェニル基及びラウリルオキシフェニル基が挙げられる。C1〜C12アルキルフェニル基の具体例としては、メチルフェニル基、エチルフェニル基、ジメチルフェニル基、プロピルフェニル基、メシチル基、メチルエチルフェニル基、イソプロピルフェニル基、ブチルフェニル基、イソブチルフェニル基、sec−ブチルフェニル基、tert−ブチルフェニル基、ペンチルフェニル基、イソアミルフェニル基、ヘキシルフェニル基、ヘプチルフェニル基、オクチルフェニル基、ノニルフェニル基、デシルフェニル基及びドデシルフェニル基が挙げられる。
(6)
(式(6)中、gは1〜6の整数を表し、hは0〜5の整数を表す。)
In formula (1), the aryl group represented by R 1 is an atomic group obtained by removing one hydrogen atom on an aromatic ring from an aromatic hydrocarbon, having a benzene ring, having a condensed ring, Those in which two or more independent benzene rings or condensed rings are bonded directly or via a group such as vinylene are also included. The aryl group usually has 6 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 48 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a C 1 to C 12 alkylphenyl group (C 1 to C 12 represents 1 to 12 carbon atoms, the same shall apply hereinafter), and a 1-naphthyl group. , 2-naphthyl group, 1-anthracenyl group, 2-anthracenyl group and 9-anthracenyl group. The aryl group may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a carbon number. Specific examples of the substituted aryl group include an alkoxy group having 3 to 20 cycloalkyl groups in its structure, an alkoxyalkoxy group represented by the formula (6), and a fluorine atom, and C 1 to C 12. Examples thereof include an alkoxyphenyl group and a pentafluorophenyl group. Preferred examples of optionally substituted aryl groups include C 1 -C 12 alkoxyphenyl groups and C 1 -C 12 alkylphenyl group. Specific examples of the C 1 to C 12 alkoxyphenyl group include a methoxyphenyl group, an ethoxyphenyl group, a propoxyphenyl group, an isopropoxyphenyl group, a butoxyphenyl group, an isobutoxyphenyl group, a sec-butoxyphenyl group, and a tert-butoxyphenyl group. Group, pentyloxyphenyl group, hexyloxyphenyl group, cyclohexyloxyphenyl group, heptyloxyphenyl group, octyloxyphenyl group, 2-ethylhexyloxyphenyl group, nonyloxyphenyl group, decyloxyphenyl group, 3,7-dimethyloctyl An oxyphenyl group and a lauryloxyphenyl group are mentioned. Specific examples of C 1 -C 12 alkylphenyl group include a methylphenyl group, ethylphenyl group, dimethylphenyl group, propylphenyl group, mesityl group, methylethylphenyl group, isopropylphenyl group, butylphenyl group, isobutylphenyl group, Examples include sec-butylphenyl group, tert-butylphenyl group, pentylphenyl group, isoamylphenyl group, hexylphenyl group, heptylphenyl group, octylphenyl group, nonylphenyl group, decylphenyl group and dodecylphenyl group.
(6)
(In formula (6), g represents an integer of 1-6, and h represents an integer of 0-5.)
式(1)中、R1で表されるアリールオキシ基は、その炭素数が通常6〜60であり、好ましくは6〜48である。置換されていてもよいアリールオキシ基の具体例としては、フェノキシ基、C1〜C12アルコキシフェノキシ基、C1〜C12アルキルフェノキシ基、1−ナフチルオキシ基、2−ナフチルオキシ基及びペンタフルオロフェニルオキシ基が挙げられ、C1〜C12アルコキシフェノキシ基及びC1〜C12アルキルフェノキシ基が好ましい。C1〜C12アルコキシの具体例としては、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、イソプロポキシ、ブトキシ、イソブトキシ、sec−ブトキシ、tert−ブトキシ、ペンチルオキシ、ヘキシルオキシ、シクロヘキシルオキシ、ヘプチルオキシ、オクチルオキシ、2−エチルヘキシルオキシ、ノニルオキシ、デシルオキシ、3,7−ジメチルオクチルオキシ及びラウリルオキシが挙げられる。C1〜C12アルキルフェノキシ基の具体例としては、メチルフェノキシ基、エチルフェノキシ基、ジメチルフェノキシ基、プロピルフェノキシ基、1,3,5−トリメチルフェノキシ基、メチルエチルフェノキシ基、イソプロピルフェノキシ基、ブチルフェノキシ基、イソブチルフェノキシ基、sec−ブチルフェノキシ基、tert−ブチルフェノキシ基、ペンチルフェノキシ基、イソアミルフェノキシ基、ヘキシルフェノキシ基、ヘプチルフェノキシ基、オクチルフェノキシ基、ノニルフェノキシ基、デシルフェノキシ基及びドデシルフェノキシ基が挙げられる。 In formula (1), the aryloxy group represented by R 1 usually has 6 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 48 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the aryloxy group which may be substituted, phenoxy group, C 1 -C 12 alkoxy phenoxy group, C 1 -C 12 alkylphenoxy group, 1-naphthyloxy group, 2-naphthyloxy group and pentafluoro include phenyl group, C 1 -C 12 alkoxy phenoxy group, and a C 1 -C 12 alkylphenoxy group are preferable. Specific examples of C 1 -C 12 alkoxy include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentyloxy, hexyloxy, cyclohexyloxy, heptyloxy, octyloxy, 2- Examples include ethylhexyloxy, nonyloxy, decyloxy, 3,7-dimethyloctyloxy and lauryloxy. Specific examples of the C 1 to C 12 alkylphenoxy group include methylphenoxy group, ethylphenoxy group, dimethylphenoxy group, propylphenoxy group, 1,3,5-trimethylphenoxy group, methylethylphenoxy group, isopropylphenoxy group, butyl Phenoxy group, isobutylphenoxy group, sec-butylphenoxy group, tert-butylphenoxy group, pentylphenoxy group, isoamylphenoxy group, hexylphenoxy group, heptylphenoxy group, octylphenoxy group, nonylphenoxy group, decylphenoxy group and dodecylphenoxy group Is mentioned.
式(1)中、R1で表されるアリールチオ基は、その炭素数が通常6〜60であり、置換されていてもよいアリールチオ基の具体例としては、フェニルチオ基、C1〜C12アルコキシフェニルチオ基、C1〜C12アルキルフェニルチオ基、1−ナフチルチオ基、2−ナフチルチオ基及びペンタフルオロフェニルチオ基が挙げられる。 In the formula (1), the arylthio group represented by R 1 usually has 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and specific examples of the optionally substituted arylthio group include a phenylthio group and a C 1 to C 12 alkoxy group. phenylthio group, C 1 -C 12 alkyl phenylthio group, 1-naphthylthio group, and a 2-naphthylthio group and a pentafluorophenylthio group.
式(1)中、R1で表されるアリールアルキル基は、その炭素数が通常7〜60程度であり、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基の具体例としては、フェニル−C1〜C12アルキル基、C1〜C12アルコキシフェニル−C1〜C12アルキル基、C1〜C12アルキルフェニル−C1〜C12アルキル基、1−ナフチル−C1〜C12アルキル基及び2−ナフチル−C1〜C12アルキル基が挙げられる。 In the formula (1), the arylalkyl group represented by R 1 usually has about 7 to 60 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the optionally substituted arylalkyl group include phenyl-C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, C 1 -C 12 alkoxyphenyl -C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, C 1 -C 12 alkylphenyl -C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, 1-naphthyl -C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, and a 2 naphthyl -C 1 -C 12 alkyl group.
式(1)中、R1で表されるアリールアルコキシ基は、その炭素数が通常7〜60であり、置換されていてもよいアリールアルコキシ基の具体例としては、フェニル−C1〜C12アルコキシ基、C1〜C12アルコキシフェニル−C1〜C12アルコキシ基、C1〜C12アルキルフェニル−C1〜C12アルコキシ基、1−ナフチル−C1〜C12アルコキシ基及び2−ナフチル−C1〜C12アルコキシ基が挙げられる。 In formula (1), the arylalkoxy group represented by R 1 usually has 7 to 60 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the optionally substituted arylalkoxy group include phenyl-C 1 to C 12. alkoxy groups, C 1 -C 12 alkoxyphenyl -C 1 -C 12 alkoxy group, C 1 -C 12 alkylphenyl -C 1 -C 12 alkoxy groups, 1-naphthyl -C 1 -C 12 alkoxy group and 2-naphthyl -C 1 -C 12 alkoxy group.
式(1)中、R1で表されるアリールアルキルチオ基は、その炭素数が通常7〜60であり、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキルチオ基の具体例としては、フェニル−C1〜C12アルキルチオ基、C1〜C12アルコキシフェニル−C1〜C12アルキルチオ基、C1〜C12アルキルフェニル−C1〜C12アルキルチオ基、1−ナフチル−C1〜C12アルキルチオ基及び2−ナフチル−C1〜C12アルキルチオ基が挙げられる。 In the formula (1), the arylalkylthio group represented by R 1 usually has 7 to 60 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the optionally substituted arylalkylthio group include phenyl-C 1 to C 12. alkylthio group, C 1 -C 12 alkoxyphenyl -C 1 -C 12 alkylthio group, C 1 -C 12 alkylphenyl -C 1 -C 12 alkylthio group, 1-naphthyl -C 1 -C 12 alkylthio group and a 2-naphthyl -C 1 -C 12 alkylthio group.
式(1)中、R1で表されるホウ酸エステル残基とは、ホウ酸ジエステルから水酸基を除去した基を意味し、ジアルキルエステル残基、ジアリールエステル残基、ジアリールアルキルエステル残基等が挙げられる。ホウ酸エステル残基の具体例としては、以下の式で表される基が挙げられる。
In the formula (1), the boric acid ester residue represented by R 1 means a group obtained by removing a hydroxyl group from a boric acid diester, and a dialkyl ester residue, a diaryl ester residue, a diarylalkyl ester residue, etc. Can be mentioned. Specific examples of the boric acid ester residue include groups represented by the following formulas.
式(1)中、R1で表される置換されていてもよいスタンニル基としては、スタンニル基、トリクロロスタンニル基、トリメチルスタンニル基、トリエチルスタンニル基、トリ−n−ブチルスタンニル基、トリフェニルスタンニル基及びトリベンジルスタンニル基が挙げられる。 In the formula (1), as an optionally substituted stannyl group represented by R 1 , a stannyl group, a trichlorostannyl group, a trimethylstannyl group, a triethylstannyl group, a tri-n-butylstannyl group, Examples thereof include a triphenylstannyl group and a tribenzylstannyl group.
式(1)中、R1で表されるスルホン酸残基とは、スルホン酸から酸性水素原子(−SO3H部分のH)を除去した基を意味し、該スルホン酸の具体例としては、アルカンスルホン酸(例えば、メタンスルホン酸、エタンスルホン酸)、アレーンスルホン酸(例えば、ベンゼンスルホン酸、p−トルエンスルホン酸)、アリールアルカンスルホン酸(例えば、フェニルメタンスルホン酸)及びトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸が挙げられる。 In formula (1), the sulfonic acid residue represented by R 1 means a group obtained by removing an acidic hydrogen atom (H of the —SO 3 H moiety) from sulfonic acid, and specific examples of the sulfonic acid include , Alkanesulfonic acids (eg methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid), arenesulfonic acids (eg benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid), arylalkanesulfonic acids (eg phenylmethanesulfonic acid) and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Is mentioned.
R1は、電荷輸送性の観点からは、水素原子、アルキル基、ハロゲン原子が好ましい。 R 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a halogen atom from the viewpoint of charge transportability.
式(1)中、A環及びB環の芳香環は、芳香族炭素環又は芳香族複素環である。芳香族炭素環としては、例えば、ベンゼン環、ナフタレン環、アントラセン環が挙げられる。芳香族複素環としては、例えば、チオフェン環、ピリジン環、フラン環が挙げられる。該芳香環は、ベンゼン環、ナフタレン環が好ましく、ベンゼン環がより好ましい。 In the formula (1), the A ring and B ring aromatic rings are aromatic carbocyclic rings or aromatic heterocyclic rings. Examples of the aromatic carbocycle include a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, and an anthracene ring. Examples of the aromatic heterocycle include a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring, and a furan ring. The aromatic ring is preferably a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, and more preferably a benzene ring.
式(1)中、A2は、A環及びB環と結合して5員環若しくは6員環を形成する2価の基、−S−又は−O−を表す。5員環若しくは6員環を形成する2価の基としては、−C(R2)2−、−O−C(R3)2−、−N(R4)−、−Si(R5)2−、−B(R6)−、−C(R7)2−C(R7)2−等が挙げられる。R2〜R7は、同一又は相異なり、水素原子、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルコキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基又は複素環基を表す。2個あるR2は、同一であっても相異なっていてもよい。2個あるR2が、互いに結合して環状構造を形成してもよい。2個あるR3は、同一であっても相異なっていてもよい。2個あるR5は、同一であっても相異なっていてもよい。4個あるR7は、同一であっても相異なっていてもよい。 In formula (1), A 2 represents a divalent group, —S— or —O—, which is bonded to the A ring and the B ring to form a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring. Examples of the divalent group that forms a 5-membered or 6-membered ring include —C (R 2 ) 2 —, —O—C (R 3 ) 2 —, —N (R 4 ) —, —Si (R 5 ) 2 —, —B (R 6 ) —, —C (R 7 ) 2 —C (R 7 ) 2 — and the like. R 2 to R 7 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryl group, or optionally substituted. Represents an arylalkyl group or a heterocyclic group. Two R 2 may be the same or different. Two R 2 may be bonded to each other to form a cyclic structure. Two R 3 may be the same or different. Two R 5 may be the same or different. The four R 7 may be the same or different.
R2〜R7で表されるフッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルコキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリール基及び置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基の定義及び具体例は、R1で表されるフッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルコキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリール基及び置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基の定義及び具体例と同じである。 Definitions of an optionally substituted fluorine-substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted fluorine group, an optionally substituted aryl group, and an optionally substituted arylalkyl group represented by R 2 to R 7 , and Specific examples are the definition of an optionally substituted fluorine group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryl group and an optionally substituted arylalkyl group represented by R 1. And the same as the specific example.
R2〜R7で表される複素環基は、その炭素数が通常2〜60であり、芳香族複素環基が好ましい。具体例としては、置換されていてもよいピリジル基、置換されていてもよいフリル基、置換されていてもよいピペリジル基、置換されていてもよいキノリル基、置換されていてもよいイソキノリル基及び置換されていてもよいピロリル基が挙げられる。 The heterocyclic group represented by R 2 to R 7 usually has 2 to 60 carbon atoms, and is preferably an aromatic heterocyclic group. Specific examples include an optionally substituted pyridyl group, an optionally substituted furyl group, an optionally substituted piperidyl group, an optionally substituted quinolyl group, an optionally substituted isoquinolyl group, and An pyrrolyl group which may be substituted is exemplified.
式(1)で表される化合物としては、例えば下記の化合物があげられる。 Examples of the compound represented by the formula (1) include the following compounds.
式(1)で表される化合物の好ましい一態様は、式(2−1)で表される化合物である。
(2−1)
(式中、A環、B環、R1及びR2は、前述と同じ意味を表す。)
One preferable aspect of the compound represented by Formula (1) is a compound represented by Formula (2-1).
(2-1)
(In the formula, A ring, B ring, R 1 and R 2 have the same meaning as described above.)
式(2−1)中、A環及びB環は、ベンゼン環、ナフタレン環が好ましく、ベンゼン環がより好ましい。
式(2−1)で表される化合物としては、式(2−2)で表される化合物が好ましい。
(2−2)
(式中、R1及びR2は、前述と同じ意味を表す。)
In Formula (2-1), the A ring and the B ring are preferably a benzene ring or a naphthalene ring, and more preferably a benzene ring.
As the compound represented by the formula (2-1), a compound represented by the formula (2-2) is preferable.
(2-2)
(In the formula, R 1 and R 2 have the same meaning as described above.)
式(1)で表される化合物の他の好ましい態様は、式(3)で表される化合物である。
(3)
(式中、R1及びR3は、前述と同じ意味を表す。)
Another preferred embodiment of the compound represented by the formula (1) is a compound represented by the formula (3).
(3)
(In the formula, R 1 and R 3 represent the same meaning as described above.)
式(1)で表される化合物の他の好ましい態様は、式(4)で表される化合物である。
(4)
(式中、R8は、水素原子、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルコキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基又は複素環基を表す。2個あるR8は、同一であっても相異なっていてもよい。R1は前述と同じ意味を表す。)
Another preferred embodiment of the compound represented by the formula (1) is a compound represented by the formula (4).
(4)
(In the formula, R 8 represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted arylalkyl group, or Represents a heterocyclic group, and two R 8 s may be the same or different, and R 1 represents the same meaning as described above.
R8で表されるフッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルコキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基及び複素環基の定義及び具体例は、R2で表されるフッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルコキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基及び複素環基の定義及び具体例と同じである。R8としては、アルコキシ基が好ましい。 Definition of an optionally substituted fluorine-substituted alkyl group represented by R 8 , an optionally substituted fluorine-substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted arylalkyl group, and a heterocyclic group And specific examples include an optionally substituted fluorine-substituted alkyl group represented by R 2 , an optionally substituted fluorine-substituted alkoxy group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted arylalkyl group, and The definition and specific examples of the heterocyclic group are the same. R 8 is preferably an alkoxy group.
式(1)で表される化合物の好ましい態様は、式(5)で表される化合物である。
(5)
(式中、R1及びR4は、前述と同じ意味を表す。)
The preferable aspect of the compound represented by Formula (1) is a compound represented by Formula (5).
(5)
(In the formula, R 1 and R 4 have the same meaning as described above.)
式(5)中、R4としては、フェニル基、1以上のアルキル基で置換されたフェニル基、1以上のアルコキシ基で置換されたフェニル基が好ましい。 In formula (5), R 4 is preferably a phenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with one or more alkyl groups, and a phenyl group substituted with one or more alkoxy groups.
本発明の有機光電変換素子が有する有機層中に含まれる式(1)で示される化合物は、一種類であっても二種類以上であってもよい。 The compound represented by the formula (1) contained in the organic layer of the organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention may be one type or two or more types.
<共役高分子化合物>
本発明の有機光電変換素子に用いられる共役高分子化合物は、(1)二重結合と単結合とが交互に並んだ構造から実質的になる高分子化合物、(2)二重結合と単結合とが窒素原子を介して並んだ構造から実質的になる高分子化合物、(3)二重結合と単結合とが交互に並んだ構造及び二重結合と単結合とが窒素原子を介して並んだ構造から実質的になる高分子化合物等が挙げられる。共役高分子化合物の具体例としては、置換されていてもよいフルオレンジイル基、置換されていてもよいベンゾフルオレンジイル基、置換されていてもよいジベンゾフランジイル基、置換されていてもよいジベンゾチオフェンジイル基、置換されていてもよいカルバゾールジイル基、置換されていてもよいチオフェンジイル基、置換されていてもよいフランジイル基、置換されていてもよいピロールジイル基、置換されていてもよいベンゾチアジアゾールジイル基、置換されていてもよいフェニレンビニレン基、置換されていてもよいチエニレンビニレン基、及び、置換されていてもよいトリフェニルアミンジイル基からなる群から選ばれる一種以上を繰り返し単位とし、該繰り返し単位同士が直接又は連結基を介して結合した高分子化合物である。
<Conjugated polymer compound>
The conjugated polymer compound used in the organic photoelectric conversion device of the present invention includes (1) a polymer compound substantially composed of a structure in which double bonds and single bonds are alternately arranged, and (2) double bonds and single bonds. Compound consisting essentially of a structure in which nitrogen atoms are arranged through nitrogen atoms, (3) a structure in which double bonds and single bonds are arranged alternately, and double bonds and single bonds are arranged through nitrogen atoms Examples thereof include a polymer compound substantially having a structure. Specific examples of the conjugated polymer compound include an optionally substituted fluorenediyl group, an optionally substituted benzofluorenediyl group, an optionally substituted dibenzofurandiyl group, and an optionally substituted dibenzo. A thiophenediyl group, an optionally substituted carbazolediyl group, an optionally substituted thiophenediyl group, an optionally substituted furandyl group, an optionally substituted pyrroldiyl group, and an optionally substituted benzo One or more selected from the group consisting of a thiadiazolediyl group, an optionally substituted phenylene vinylene group, an optionally substituted thienylene vinylene group, and an optionally substituted triphenylamine diyl group as a repeating unit , Polymer compounds in which the repeating units are bonded directly or via a linking group A.
ここで、連結基としては、例えば、フェニレン、ビフェニレン、ナフタレンジイル及びアントラセンジイルが挙げられる。 Here, examples of the linking group include phenylene, biphenylene, naphthalenediyl, and anthracenediyl.
本発明に用いられる共役高分子化合物は、電荷輸送性の観点からは、式(7)及び式(8)からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の繰り返し単位を有することが好ましい。
(7) (8)
〔式中、R9、R10、R11、R12、R13、R14、R15、R16、R17及びR18は、同一又は相異なり、水素原子、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルコキシ基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキルチオ基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールオキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリールチオ基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルコキシ基又は置換されていてもよいアリールアルキルチオ基を表す。〕
The conjugated polymer compound used in the present invention preferably has one or more repeating units selected from the group consisting of formula (7) and formula (8) from the viewpoint of charge transportability.
(7) (8)
[Wherein R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15 , R 16 , R 17 and R 18 are the same or different and may be substituted with a hydrogen atom or fluorine. Alkyl group, optionally substituted fluorine group alkoxy group, optionally substituted fluorine atom substituted alkylthio group, optionally substituted aryl group, optionally substituted aryloxy group, optionally substituted arylthio group Represents an optionally substituted arylalkyl group, an optionally substituted arylalkoxy group or an optionally substituted arylalkylthio group. ]
R9〜R18で表されるフッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルコキシ基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキルチオ基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールオキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリールチオ基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルコキシ基及び置換されていてもよいアリールアルキルチオ基の定義及び具体例は、前述のR1に関しての定義及び具体例と同じである。 Fluorine-substituted alkyl group represented by R 9 to R 18 , fluorine-substituted alkoxy group, fluorine-substituted alkylthio group, optionally substituted aryl group, substituted Definition and specifics of aryloxy group which may be substituted, arylthio group which may be substituted, arylalkyl group which may be substituted, arylalkoxy group which may be substituted and arylalkylthio group which may be substituted Examples are the same as the definitions and specific examples regarding R 1 described above.
前記共役高分子化合物は、膜形成能、溶剤への溶解性の観点からは、ポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量が5×102〜1×107であることが好ましく、1×103〜1×106であることがより好ましい。 The conjugated polymer compound preferably has a polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight of 5 × 10 2 to 1 × 10 7 from the viewpoint of film forming ability and solubility in a solvent, and preferably 1 × 10 3 to 1 ×. More preferably, it is 10 6 .
本発明の有機光電変換素子が有する有機層中に含まれる共役高分子化合物は、一種類であっても二種類以上であってもよい。 The conjugated polymer compound contained in the organic layer of the organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention may be one type or two or more types.
前記共役系高分子化合物は、その製造に用いる重合反応に適した官能基を有する単量体を合成した後に、必要に応じて、該単量体を有機溶媒に溶解し、アルカリや適当な触媒、配位子を用いた公知のアリールカップリング等の重合方法により、該単量体を重合することで製造することができる。 The conjugated polymer compound is prepared by synthesizing a monomer having a functional group suitable for the polymerization reaction used for its production, and then, if necessary, dissolving the monomer in an organic solvent to obtain an alkali or a suitable catalyst. It can be produced by polymerizing the monomer by a known polymerization method such as aryl coupling using a ligand.
<有機層>
本発明の有機光電変換素子が有する有機層には、式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物とが含まれる。有機層中の式(1)で表される化合物の重量は、共役高分子化合物100重量部に対して、好ましくは0.1〜10000重量部であり、より好ましくは1〜1000重量部である。
<Organic layer>
The organic layer of the organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention includes a compound represented by the formula (1) and a conjugated polymer compound. The weight of the compound represented by the formula (1) in the organic layer is preferably 0.1 to 10,000 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 1000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the conjugated polymer compound. .
本発明の有機光電変換素子が有する有機層には、式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物のみが含まれていてもよく、さらに電子受容性化合物が含まれていてもよい。電子受容性化合物としては、例えば、オキサジアゾール誘導体、アントラキノジメタン及びその誘導体、ベンゾキノン及びその誘導体、ナフトキノン及びその誘導体、アントラキノン及びその誘導体、テトラシアノアントラキノジメタン及びその誘導体、ジフェニルジシアノエチレン及びその誘導体、ジフェノキノン誘導体、8−ヒドロキシキノリン及びその誘導体の金属錯体、ポリキノリン及びその誘導体、ポリキノキサリン及びその誘導体、ポリフルオレン及びその誘導体、C60等のフラーレン及びその誘導体、カーボンナノチューブ、2,9−ジメチル−4,7−ジフェニル−1,10−フェナントロリン等のフェナントロリン誘導体が挙げられ、とりわけフラーレン及びその誘導体が好ましい。 The organic layer of the organic photoelectric conversion device of the present invention may contain only the compound represented by the formula (1) and the conjugated polymer compound, and may further contain an electron accepting compound. Examples of the electron-accepting compound include oxadiazole derivatives, anthraquinodimethane and its derivatives, benzoquinone and its derivatives, naphthoquinone and its derivatives, anthraquinone and its derivatives, tetracyanoanthraquinodimethane and its derivatives, diphenyldicyanoethylene and its derivatives, diphenoquinone derivatives, 8-hydroxyquinoline and metal complexes of derivatives thereof, polyquinoline and derivatives thereof, polyquinoxaline and its derivatives, polyfluorene and its derivatives, fullerene and derivatives thereof such as C 60, carbon nanotube, 2,9 Examples include phenanthroline derivatives such as -dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, and fullerene and derivatives thereof are particularly preferable.
電子受容性化合物が含まれる場合、有機層中の電子受容性化合物の重量は、式(1)で表される化合物の重量と共役高分子化合物の重量の合計を100重量部とすると、1〜10000重量部であることが好ましく、10〜2000重量部であることがより好ましい。 When the electron-accepting compound is contained, the weight of the electron-accepting compound in the organic layer is 1 to 1 when the total weight of the compound represented by formula (1) and the weight of the conjugated polymer compound is 100 parts by weight. The amount is preferably 10,000 parts by weight, and more preferably 10 to 2000 parts by weight.
フラーレン及びその誘導体としては、C60、C70、C84及びその誘導体が挙げられる。フラーレン誘導体は、置換基を有するフラーレンを表す。 Fullerenes and derivatives thereof include C 60 , C 70 , C 84 and derivatives thereof. The fullerene derivative represents a fullerene having a substituent.
C60の誘導体の具体例としては、以下のようなものが挙げられる。
Specific examples of the C 60 derivative include the following.
C70の誘導体の具体例としては、以下のようなものが挙げられる。
Specific examples of the C 70 derivative include the following.
本発明の有機光電変換素子が有する有機層には、さらに電子供与性化合物が含まれていてもよい。電子供与性化合物としては、例えば、ピラゾリン誘導体、アリールアミン誘導体、スチルベン誘導体、トリフェニルジアミン誘導体、オリゴチオフェン及びその誘導体、ポリビニルカルバゾール及びその誘導体、ポリシラン及びその誘導体、側鎖又は主鎖に芳香族アミンを有するポリシロキサン誘導体、ポリアニリン及びその誘導体、ポリチオフェン及びその誘導体、ポリピロール及びその誘導体、ポリフェニレンビニレン及びその誘導体、ポリチエニレンビニレン及びその誘導体が挙げられる。 The organic layer of the organic photoelectric conversion device of the present invention may further contain an electron donating compound. Examples of the electron donating compound include pyrazoline derivatives, arylamine derivatives, stilbene derivatives, triphenyldiamine derivatives, oligothiophene and derivatives thereof, polyvinylcarbazole and derivatives thereof, polysilane and derivatives thereof, and aromatic amines in side chains or main chains. And polysiloxane derivatives, polyaniline and derivatives thereof, polythiophene and derivatives thereof, polypyrrole and derivatives thereof, polyphenylene vinylene and derivatives thereof, and polythienylene vinylene and derivatives thereof.
電子供与性化合物が含まれる場合、有機層中の電子供与性化合物の重量は、式(1)で表される化合物の重量と共役高分子化合物の重量の合計を100重量部とすると、1〜100000重量部であることが好ましく、10〜1000重量部であることがより好ましい。 When the electron donating compound is contained, the weight of the electron donating compound in the organic layer is 1 to 1 when the total weight of the compound represented by the formula (1) and the weight of the conjugated polymer compound is 100 parts by weight. The amount is preferably 100,000 parts by weight, and more preferably 10 to 1,000 parts by weight.
本発明の有機光電変換素子が有する有機層には、電荷輸送性、電荷注入性を損なわない範囲で、式(1)で表される化合物、共役高分子化合物、電子供与性化合物、電子受容性化合物以外の成分を含んでいてもよい。 The organic layer of the organic photoelectric conversion device of the present invention has a compound represented by the formula (1), a conjugated polymer compound, an electron donating compound, and an electron accepting property as long as the charge transporting property and the charge injecting property are not impaired. Components other than the compound may be included.
<有機光電変換素子>
本発明の有機光電変換素子は、一対の電極と、該電極間に式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物とを含む有機層を有する。式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物との組成物は、電子受容性化合物として用いることも電子供与性化合物として用いることもできる。また、式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物の一方が電子供与性化合物であり、他の一方が電子受容性化合物である場合は、電子供与性体と電子受容体の両方の機能を有する場合がある。これらの態様の中では、該組成物が電子供与性化合物として用いられることが好ましい。一対の電極は、少なくとも一方が透明又は半透明であることが好ましい。
<Organic photoelectric conversion element>
The organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention has a pair of electrodes and an organic layer containing a compound represented by the formula (1) and a conjugated polymer compound between the electrodes. The composition of the compound represented by the formula (1) and the conjugated polymer compound can be used as an electron accepting compound or an electron donating compound. Further, when one of the compound represented by the formula (1) and the conjugated polymer compound is an electron donating compound and the other is an electron accepting compound, both of the electron donor and the electron acceptor are used. It may have a function. In these embodiments, the composition is preferably used as an electron donating compound. It is preferable that at least one of the pair of electrodes is transparent or translucent.
次に、有機光電変換素子の動作機構を説明する。透明又は半透明の電極から入射した光エネルギーが電子受容性化合物及び/又は電子供与性化合物で吸収され、電子とホールの結合した励起子を生成する。生成した励起子が移動して、電子受容性化合物と電子供与性化合物が隣接しているヘテロ接合界面に達すると界面でのそれぞれのHOMOエネルギー及びLUMOエネルギーの違いにより電子とホールが分離し、独立に動くことができる電荷(電子とホール)が発生する。発生した電荷は、それぞれ電極へ移動することにより外部へ電気エネルギー(電流)として取り出すことができる。 Next, the operation mechanism of the organic photoelectric conversion element will be described. Light energy incident from a transparent or translucent electrode is absorbed by the electron-accepting compound and / or the electron-donating compound to generate excitons in which electrons and holes are combined. When the generated excitons move and reach the heterojunction interface where the electron-accepting compound and the electron-donating compound are adjacent to each other, electrons and holes are separated due to the difference in HOMO energy and LUMO energy at the interface. Electric charges (electrons and holes) that can move are generated. The generated charges can be taken out as electric energy (current) by moving to the electrodes.
Voc(開放端電圧)とは、外部に流す電流がゼロの時の電圧であり、Vocの値が高いことが、高い光電変換効率を発現する要因の一つとなる。 Voc (open end voltage) is a voltage when the current flowing to the outside is zero, and a high value of Voc is one of the factors that develop high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
本発明の有機光電変換素子の具体例としては、下記1.〜5.の有機光電変換素子が挙げられる。
1.一対の電極と、該電極間に式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物とを含有する第一の有機層と、該第一の有機層に隣接して設けられた電子供与性化合物を含有する第二の有機層とを有する有機光電変換素子;
2.一対の電極と、該電極間に電子受容性化合物を含有する第一の有機層と、該第一の有機層に隣接して設けられた式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物とを含有する第二の有機層とを有する有機光電変換素子;
3.一対の電極と、該電極間に式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物と電子供与性化合物とを含有する有機層を少なくとも一層有する有機光電変換素子;
4.一対の電極と、該電極間に式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物と電子受容性化合物とを含有する有機層を有する有機光電変換素子;
5.一対の電極と、該電極間に式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物と電子受容性化合物とを含有する有機層を少なくとも一層有する有機光電変換素子であって、該電子受容性化合物がフラーレン誘導体である有機光電変換素子;
Specific examples of the organic photoelectric conversion device of the present invention include the following 1. ~ 5. The organic photoelectric conversion element of this is mentioned.
1. A pair of electrodes, a first organic layer containing a compound represented by formula (1) and a conjugated polymer compound between the electrodes, and an electron donating property provided adjacent to the first organic layer An organic photoelectric conversion element having a second organic layer containing a compound;
2. A pair of electrodes, a first organic layer containing an electron-accepting compound between the electrodes, a compound represented by formula (1) and a conjugated polymer compound provided adjacent to the first organic layer An organic photoelectric conversion element having a second organic layer containing
3. An organic photoelectric conversion element having at least one organic layer containing a pair of electrodes and a compound represented by the formula (1), a conjugated polymer compound, and an electron-donating compound between the electrodes;
4). An organic photoelectric conversion element having a pair of electrodes and an organic layer containing a compound represented by the formula (1), a conjugated polymer compound, and an electron-accepting compound between the electrodes;
5. An organic photoelectric conversion element having a pair of electrodes and at least one organic layer containing a compound represented by the formula (1), a conjugated polymer compound, and an electron-accepting compound between the electrodes, An organic photoelectric conversion element in which the compound is a fullerene derivative;
また、前記5.の有機光電変換素子では、有機層中におけるフラーレン誘導体の重量が、式(1)で表される化合物の重量と共役高分子化合物の重量との合計を100重量部とすると、10〜1000重量部であることが好ましく、50〜500重量部であることがより好ましい。 In addition, said 5. In the organic photoelectric conversion element, the weight of the fullerene derivative in the organic layer is 10 to 1000 parts by weight when the total of the weight of the compound represented by the formula (1) and the weight of the conjugated polymer compound is 100 parts by weight. It is preferable that it is 50-500 weight part.
本発明の有機光電変換素子としては、前記3.、前記4.、前記5.の有機光電変換素子が好ましく、ヘテロ接合界面を多く含むという観点からは、前記5.の有機光電変換素子がより好ましい。また、本発明の有機光電変換素子には、少なくとも一方の電極と該素子中の有機層との間に付加的な層を設けてもよい。付加的な層としては、例えば、ホール又は電子を輸送する電荷輸送層が挙げられる。 As the organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention, 3. 4. 5. From the standpoint of including a large number of heterojunction interfaces, the above organic photoelectric conversion element is preferable. The organic photoelectric conversion element is more preferable. In the organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention, an additional layer may be provided between at least one electrode and the organic layer in the element. Examples of the additional layer include a charge transport layer that transports holes or electrons.
式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物との組成物を電子供与体として用いる場合、有機光電変換素子に好適に用いられる電子受容体は、電子受容体のHOMOエネルギーが共役高分子化合物のHOMOエネルギー及び式(1)で表される化合物のHOMOエネルギーよりも高く、かつ、電子受容体のLUMOエネルギーが共役高分子化合物のLUMOエネルギー及び式(1)で表される化合物のLUMOエネルギーよりも高い化合物である。また、式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物との高分子化合物を電子受容体として用いる場合、有機光電変換素子に好適に用いられる電子供与体は、電子供与体のHOMOエネルギーが共役高分子化合物のHOMOエネルギー及び式(1)で表される化合物のHOMOエネルギーよりも低く、かつ、電子供与体のLUMOエネルギーが共役高分子化合物のLUMOエネルギー及び式(1)で表される化合物のLUMOエネルギーよりも低い化合物である。 When the composition of the compound represented by the formula (1) and the conjugated polymer compound is used as an electron donor, the electron acceptor suitably used for the organic photoelectric conversion element has a conjugated polymer in which the HOMO energy of the electron acceptor is The HOMO energy of the compound and the HOMO energy of the compound represented by the formula (1) are higher, and the LUMO energy of the electron acceptor is the LUMO energy of the conjugated polymer compound and the LUMO energy of the compound represented by the formula (1) Is a higher compound. Moreover, when using the high molecular compound of the compound represented by Formula (1) and a conjugated high molecular compound as an electron acceptor, the electron donor used suitably for an organic photoelectric conversion element has the HOMO energy of an electron donor. The HOMO energy of the conjugated polymer compound is lower than the HOMO energy of the compound represented by the formula (1), and the LUMO energy of the electron donor is the LUMO energy of the conjugated polymer compound and the compound represented by the formula (1) This is a compound having a lower LUMO energy.
本発明の有機光電変換素子は、通常、基板上に形成される。該基板は、電極を形成し、有機物の層を形成する際に化学的に変化しないものであればよい。基板の材料としては、例えば、ガラス、プラスチック、高分子フィルム、シリコンが挙げられる。不透明な基板の場合には、反対の電極(即ち、基板から遠い方の電極)が透明又は半透明であることが好ましい。 The organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention is usually formed on a substrate. The substrate may be any substrate that does not chemically change when an electrode is formed and an organic layer is formed. Examples of the material for the substrate include glass, plastic, polymer film, and silicon. In the case of an opaque substrate, the opposite electrode (that is, the electrode far from the substrate) is preferably transparent or translucent.
一対の電極の材料としては、金属、導電性高分子等を用いることができ、好ましくは一対の電極のうち一方の電極は仕事関数の小さい材料が好ましい。例えば、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、ルビジウム、セシウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、アルミニウム、スカンジウム、バナジウム、亜鉛、イットリウム、インジウム、セリウム、サマリウム、ユーロピウム、テルビウム、イッテルビウム等の金属、及びそれらのうち2つ以上の合金、又はそれらのうち1つ以上と、金、銀、白金、銅、マンガン、チタン、コバルト、ニッケル、タングステン、錫のうち1つ以上との合金、グラファイト又はグラファイト層間化合物等が用いられる。合金の例としては、マグネシウム−銀合金、マグネシウム−インジウム合金、マグネシウム−アルミニウム合金、インジウム−銀合金、リチウム−アルミニウム合金、リチウム−マグネシウム合金、リチウム−インジウム合金、カルシウム−アルミニウム合金が挙げられる。
前記の透明又は半透明の電極の材料としては、導電性の金属酸化物膜、半透明の金属薄膜等が挙げられる。具体的には、酸化インジウム、酸化亜鉛、酸化スズ、及びそれらの複合体であるインジウム・スズ・オキサイド(ITO)、インジウム・亜鉛・オキサイド等からなる導電性材料を用いて作製された膜、NESA、金、白金、銀、銅が用いられ、ITO、インジウム・亜鉛・オキサイド、酸化スズが好ましい。電極の作製方法としては、真空蒸着法、スパッタリング法、イオンプレーティング法、メッキ法等が挙げられる。また、電極材料として、ポリアニリン及びその誘導体、ポリチオフェン及びその誘導体等の有機の透明導電膜を用いてもよい。
As a material of the pair of electrodes, a metal, a conductive polymer, or the like can be used, and one of the pair of electrodes is preferably a material having a low work function. For example, metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, aluminum, scandium, vanadium, zinc, yttrium, indium, cerium, samarium, europium, terbium, ytterbium, and two of them One or more alloys, or one or more of them and an alloy of one or more of gold, silver, platinum, copper, manganese, titanium, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, tin, graphite, or a graphite intercalation compound are used. It is done. Examples of the alloy include magnesium-silver alloy, magnesium-indium alloy, magnesium-aluminum alloy, indium-silver alloy, lithium-aluminum alloy, lithium-magnesium alloy, lithium-indium alloy, and calcium-aluminum alloy.
Examples of the material of the transparent or translucent electrode include a conductive metal oxide film and a translucent metal thin film. Specifically, a film formed using a conductive material made of indium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, and indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide, etc., which is a composite thereof, NESA Gold, platinum, silver, and copper are used, and ITO, indium / zinc / oxide, and tin oxide are preferable. Examples of the method for producing the electrode include a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, an ion plating method, a plating method, and the like. Moreover, you may use organic transparent conductive films, such as polyaniline and its derivative (s), polythiophene, and its derivative (s) as an electrode material.
前記付加的な層としての電荷輸送層、即ち、ホール輸送層、電子輸送層に用いられる材料として、それぞれ前述の電子供与性化合物、電子受容性化合物を用いることができる。
付加的な層としてのバッファ層に用いられる材料としては、フッ化リチウム等のアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属のハロゲン化物、酸化物等を用いることができる。また、酸化チタン等無機半導体の微粒子を用いることもできる。
As the material used for the charge transport layer as the additional layer, that is, the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer, the aforementioned electron donating compound and electron accepting compound can be used, respectively.
As a material used for the buffer layer as an additional layer, an alkali metal such as lithium fluoride, a halide of an alkaline earth metal, an oxide, or the like can be used. In addition, fine particles of an inorganic semiconductor such as titanium oxide can be used.
本発明の有機光電変換素子における前記有機層としては、例えば、式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物とを含有する有機薄膜を用いることができる。 As said organic layer in the organic photoelectric conversion element of this invention, the organic thin film containing the compound and conjugated polymer compound which are represented by Formula (1) can be used, for example.
前記有機薄膜は、膜厚が、通常、1nm〜100μmであり、好ましくは2nm〜1000nmであり、より好ましくは5nm〜500nmであり、さらに好ましくは20nm〜200nmである。 The organic thin film has a thickness of usually 1 nm to 100 μm, preferably 2 nm to 1000 nm, more preferably 5 nm to 500 nm, and further preferably 20 nm to 200 nm.
前記有機薄膜のホール輸送性を高めるため、前記有機薄膜中に電子供与性化合物及び/又は電子受容性化合物として、式(1)で表される化合物以外の低分子化合物及び/又は共役高分子化合物以外の重合体を混合して用いることもできる。 In order to enhance the hole transport property of the organic thin film, a low molecular compound and / or a conjugated polymer compound other than the compound represented by the formula (1) as an electron donating compound and / or an electron accepting compound in the organic thin film It is also possible to use a mixture of other polymers.
<有機薄膜の製造方法>
本発明の有機光電変換素子に含まれる有機層は、式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物との組成物を用いて製造することができる。有機層中に、さらに電子受容性化合物を含む場合は、式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物と電子受容性化合物との組成物を用いて製造することができる。また、有機層中に、さらに電子供与性化合物を含む場合は、式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物と電子供与性化合物との組成物を用いて製造することができる。
<Method for producing organic thin film>
The organic layer contained in the organic photoelectric conversion element of the present invention can be produced using a composition of a compound represented by the formula (1) and a conjugated polymer compound. When the organic layer further contains an electron-accepting compound, it can be produced using a composition of the compound represented by formula (1), a conjugated polymer compound, and an electron-accepting compound. Further, when the organic layer further contains an electron donating compound, it can be produced by using a composition of a compound represented by the formula (1), a conjugated polymer compound and an electron donating compound.
前記組成物中の式(1)で表される化合物の重量は、共役高分子化合物100重量部に対して、好ましくは0.1〜10000重量部であり、より好ましくは1〜1000重量部である。組成物中に電子受容性化合物が含まれる場合、組成物中の電子受容性化合物の重量は、式(1)で表される化合物の重量と共役高分子化合物の重量の合計を100重量部とすると、1〜10000重量部であることが好ましく、10〜2000重量部であることがより好ましい。組成物中に電子供与性化合物が含まれる場合、組成物中の電子供与性化合物の重量は、式(1)で表される化合物の重量と共役高分子化合物の重量の合計を100重量部とすると、1〜100000重量部であることが好ましく、10〜1000重量部であることがより好ましい。 The weight of the compound represented by formula (1) in the composition is preferably 0.1 to 10000 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 1000 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the conjugated polymer compound. is there. When an electron-accepting compound is contained in the composition, the weight of the electron-accepting compound in the composition is 100 parts by weight of the sum of the weight of the compound represented by formula (1) and the weight of the conjugated polymer compound. Then, it is preferable that it is 1-10000 weight part, and it is more preferable that it is 10-2000 weight part. When the composition includes an electron donating compound, the weight of the electron donating compound in the composition is 100 parts by weight of the sum of the weight of the compound represented by the formula (1) and the weight of the conjugated polymer compound. Then, it is preferable that it is 1-100000 weight part, and it is more preferable that it is 10-1000 weight part.
前記有機薄膜の製造方法は、特に制限されず、例えば、前記組成物と溶媒とを含む溶液からの成膜による方法が挙げられるが、真空蒸着法により薄膜を形成してもよい。溶液からの成膜により有機薄膜を製造する方法としては、例えば、一方の電極上に該溶液を塗布し、その後、溶媒を蒸発させて有機薄膜を製造する方法が挙げられる。 The method for producing the organic thin film is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method by film formation from a solution containing the composition and a solvent, but the thin film may be formed by a vacuum deposition method. Examples of the method for producing an organic thin film by film formation from a solution include a method of producing an organic thin film by applying the solution on one electrode and then evaporating the solvent.
溶液からの成膜に用いる溶媒は、式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物とを溶解させるものであれば特に制限はない。この溶媒としては、例えば、トルエン、キシレン、メシチレン、テトラリン、デカリン、ビシクロヘキシル、n−ブチルベンゼン、sec−ブチルベゼン、tert−ブチルベンゼン等の不飽和炭化水素溶媒、四塩化炭素、クロロホルム、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロエタン、クロロブタン、ブロモブタン、クロロペンタン、ブロモペンタン、クロロヘキサン、ブロモヘキサン、クロロシクロヘキサン、ブロモシクロヘキサン等のハロゲン化飽和炭化水素溶媒、クロロベンゼン、ジクロロベンゼン、トリクロロベンゼン等のハロゲン化不飽和炭化水素溶媒、テトラヒドロフラン、テトラヒドロピラン等のエーテル類溶媒が挙げられる。本発明に用いられる式(1)で表される化合物と共役高分子化合物との組成物は、通常、前記溶媒に0.1重量%以上溶解させることができる。 The solvent used for film formation from a solution is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves the compound represented by the formula (1) and the conjugated polymer compound. Examples of the solvent include unsaturated hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene, mesitylene, tetralin, decalin, bicyclohexyl, n-butylbenzene, sec-butylbezen, tert-butylbenzene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane. Halogenated saturated hydrocarbon solvents such as chlorobutane, bromobutane, chloropentane, bromopentane, chlorohexane, bromohexane, chlorocyclohexane, bromocyclohexane, halogenated unsaturated hydrocarbon solvents such as chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene, tetrahydrofuran, And ether solvents such as tetrahydropyran. The composition of the compound represented by formula (1) and the conjugated polymer compound used in the present invention can be usually dissolved in the solvent in an amount of 0.1% by weight or more.
溶液からの成膜には、スピンコート法、キャスティング法、マイクログラビアコート法、グラビアコート法、バーコート法、ロールコート法、ワイアーバーコート法、ディップコート法、スプレーコート法、スクリーン印刷法、フレキソ印刷法、オフセット印刷法、インクジェット印刷法、ディスペンサー印刷法、ノズルコート法、キャピラリーコート法等の塗布法を用いることができ、スピンコート法、フレキソ印刷法、インクジェット印刷法、ディスペンサー印刷法が好ましい。 For film formation from solution, spin coating method, casting method, micro gravure coating method, gravure coating method, bar coating method, roll coating method, wire bar coating method, dip coating method, spray coating method, screen printing method, flexographic method Coating methods such as a printing method, an offset printing method, an ink jet printing method, a dispenser printing method, a nozzle coating method, a capillary coating method can be used, and a spin coating method, a flexographic printing method, an ink jet printing method, and a dispenser printing method are preferable.
<素子の用途>
有機光電変換素子は、透明又は半透明の電極から太陽光等の光を照射することにより、電極間に光起電力が発生し、有機薄膜太陽電池として動作させることができる。有機薄膜太陽電池を複数集積することにより有機薄膜太陽電池モジュールとして用いることもできる。
<Application of device>
By irradiating light such as sunlight from a transparent or translucent electrode, the organic photoelectric conversion element generates a photovoltaic force between the electrodes and can be operated as an organic thin film solar cell. It can also be used as an organic thin film solar cell module by integrating a plurality of organic thin film solar cells.
また、電極間に電圧を印加した状態で、透明又は半透明の電極から光を照射することにより、光電流が流れ、有機光センサーとして動作させることができる。有機光センサーを複数集積することにより有機イメージセンサーとして用いることもできる。 In addition, by applying light from a transparent or translucent electrode in a state where a voltage is applied between the electrodes, a photocurrent flows and it can be operated as an organic photosensor. It can also be used as an organic image sensor by integrating a plurality of organic photosensors.
以下、本発明をさらに詳細に説明するために実施例を示すが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。 Examples will be shown below for illustrating the present invention in more detail, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
−分子量の測定方法−
以下の実施例において、共役高分子化合物の分子量は、GPCラボラトリー製GPC(PL−GPC2000)により、求めた。共役高分子化合物を約1重量%の濃度となるようにo−ジクロロベンゼンに溶解させた。GPCの移動相はo−ジクロロベンゼンを用い、測定温度140℃で、1mL/分の流速で流した。カラムは、PLGEL 10μm MIXED−B(PLラボラトリー製)を3本直列で繋げた。
-Method for measuring molecular weight-
In the following Examples, the molecular weight of the conjugated polymer compound was determined by GPC Laboratories GPC (PL-GPC2000). The conjugated polymer compound was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene so as to have a concentration of about 1% by weight. As the mobile phase of GPC, o-dichlorobenzene was used and allowed to flow at a measurement temperature of 140 ° C. at a flow rate of 1 mL / min. As the column, three PLGEL 10 μm MIXED-B (manufactured by PL Laboratory) were connected in series.
合成例1
(共役高分子化合物1の合成)
フラスコ内の気体をアルゴンで置換した2L四つ口フラスコに、化合物(C)を7.928g(16.72mmol)、化合物(D)を13.00g(17.60mmol)、メチルトリオクチルアンモニウムクロライド(商品名:aliquat336(登録商標)、Aldrich製、CH3N[(CH2)7CH3]3Cl、density 0.884g/ml,25℃)を4.979g、及び、トルエンを405ml入れ、撹拌しながら反応系内を30分間アルゴンバブリングした。フラスコ内にジクロロビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(II)を0.02g加え、105℃に昇温し、撹拌しながら2mol/Lの炭酸ナトリウム水溶液42.2mlを滴下した。滴下終了後5時間反応させ、反応液にフェニルボロン酸2.6gとトルエン1.8mlとを加え、105℃で16時間撹拌した。その後、反応液にトルエン700ml及び7.5%ジエチルジチオカルバミン酸ナトリウム三水和物水溶液200mlを加え、85℃で3時間撹拌した。反応液の水層を除去後、有機層を60℃のイオン交換水300mlで2回、60℃の3%酢酸300mlで1回、さらに60℃のイオン交換水300mlで3回洗浄した。有機層をセライト、アルミナ及びシリカを充填したカラムに通し、濾液を回収した。その後、熱トルエン800mlでカラムを洗浄し、洗浄後のトルエン溶液を濾液に加えた。得られた溶液を700mlまで濃縮した後、濃縮した溶液を2Lのメタノールに加え、重合体を再沈殿させた。重合体を濾過して回収し、500mlのメタノール、500mlのアセトン、500mlのメタノールで重合体を洗浄した。重合体を50℃で一晩真空乾燥することにより、下記式:
で表されるペンタチエニル−フルオレンコポリマー(以下、「共役高分子化合物1」という)を12.21g得た。共役高分子化合物1のポリスチレン換算の数平均分子量は5.4×104、ポリスチレン換算の重量平均分子量は1.1×105であった。
Synthesis example 1
(Synthesis of Conjugated Polymer Compound 1)
In a 2 L four-necked flask in which the gas in the flask was replaced with argon, 7.928 g (16.72 mmol) of compound (C), 13.00 g (17.60 mmol) of compound (D), methyltrioctylammonium chloride ( Product name: aliquat336 (registered trademark), manufactured by Aldrich, CH 3 N [(CH 2 ) 7 CH 3 ] 3 Cl, density 0.884 g / ml, 25 ° C.) 4.979 g and toluene 405 ml were added and stirred. Then, argon was bubbled through the reaction system for 30 minutes. 0.02 g of dichlorobis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (II) was added to the flask, the temperature was raised to 105 ° C., and 42.2 ml of a 2 mol / L sodium carbonate aqueous solution was added dropwise with stirring. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction was allowed to proceed for 5 hours, and 2.6 g of phenylboronic acid and 1.8 ml of toluene were added to the reaction solution, followed by stirring at 105 ° C. for 16 hours. Thereafter, 700 ml of toluene and 200 ml of 7.5% sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate aqueous solution were added to the reaction solution, followed by stirring at 85 ° C. for 3 hours. After removing the aqueous layer from the reaction solution, the organic layer was washed twice with 300 ml of ion exchanged water at 60 ° C., once with 300 ml of 3% acetic acid at 60 ° C., and further three times with 300 ml of ion exchanged water at 60 ° C. The organic layer was passed through a column packed with celite, alumina and silica, and the filtrate was collected. Thereafter, the column was washed with 800 ml of hot toluene, and the washed toluene solution was added to the filtrate. After the obtained solution was concentrated to 700 ml, the concentrated solution was added to 2 L of methanol to reprecipitate the polymer. The polymer was recovered by filtration, and the polymer was washed with 500 ml of methanol, 500 ml of acetone, and 500 ml of methanol. By vacuum drying the polymer at 50 ° C. overnight, the following formula:
12.21 g of a pentathienyl-fluorene copolymer represented by the following (hereinafter referred to as “conjugated polymer compound 1”) was obtained. The conjugated polymer compound 1 had a polystyrene-equivalent number average molecular weight of 5.4 × 10 4 and a polystyrene-equivalent weight average molecular weight of 1.1 × 10 5 .
実施例1
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
共役高分子化合物1を0.5%(重量%)の濃度でo−ジクロロベンゼンに溶解させた。その後、共役高分子化合物1に対して3倍重量のC60PCBM(Phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester、フロンティアカーボン社製、商品名E100)を電子受容体として溶液に混合した。さらに、共役高分子化合物1の重量に対して化合物(E)を等倍重量、溶液に混合した。該溶液を孔径1.0μmのテフロン(登録商標)フィルターで濾過し、塗布溶液を作製した。
Example 1
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
The conjugated polymer compound 1 was dissolved in o-dichlorobenzene at a concentration of 0.5% (weight%). Thereafter, C60PCBM (Phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester, trade name E100, manufactured by Frontier Carbon Co., Ltd.) 3 times the weight of the conjugated polymer compound 1 was mixed into the solution as an electron acceptor. Furthermore, the compound (E) was mixed with the solution in an equal weight relative to the weight of the conjugated polymer compound 1. The solution was filtered through a Teflon (registered trademark) filter having a pore size of 1.0 μm to prepare a coating solution.
(E) (E)
スパッタ法により150nmの厚みでITO膜を付けたガラス基板をオゾンUV処理して表面処理を行った。次に、前記塗布溶液を、スピンコートによりITO膜上に塗布し、有機薄膜太陽電池の活性層(膜厚約100nm)を得た。その後、真空蒸着機によりフッ化リチウムを厚さ4nmで蒸着し、次いでAlを厚さ100nmで蒸着した。蒸着のときの真空度は、すべて1〜9×10-3Paであった。また、得られた有機薄膜太陽電池の形状は、2mm×2mmの正方形であった。
得られた有機薄膜太陽電池のVoc(開放端電圧)をソーラシミュレーター(分光計器製、商品名OTENTO-SUNII:AM1.5Gフィルター、放射照度100mW/cm2)で測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
A glass substrate provided with an ITO film with a thickness of 150 nm by a sputtering method was subjected to surface treatment by ozone UV treatment. Next, the coating solution was applied onto the ITO film by spin coating to obtain an active layer (film thickness of about 100 nm) of the organic thin film solar cell. Then, lithium fluoride was vapor-deposited with a thickness of 4 nm by a vacuum vapor deposition machine, and then Al was vapor-deposited with a thickness of 100 nm. The degree of vacuum at the time of vapor deposition was 1 to 9 × 10 −3 Pa in all cases. Moreover, the shape of the obtained organic thin film solar cell was a square of 2 mm × 2 mm.
Voc (open end voltage) of the obtained organic thin film solar cell was measured with a solar simulator (manufactured by Spectrometer, trade name OTENTO-SUNII: AM1.5G filter, irradiance 100 mW / cm 2 ). The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
実施例2
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(E)の添加量を共役高分子化合物1の重量に対して2倍重量にした以外は実施例1と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
Example 2
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin-film solar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of compound (E) added was double the weight of the conjugated polymer compound 1, and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
実施例3
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(E)の添加量を共役高分子化合物1の重量に対して4倍重量にした以外は実施例1と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
Example 3
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin-film solar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of compound (E) added was 4 times the weight of the conjugated polymer compound 1, and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
実施例4
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(E)にかえて化合物(F)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
(F)
Example 4
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin film solar cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound (F) was used instead of the compound (E), and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(F)
実施例5
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(E)にかえて化合物(G)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
(G)
Example 5
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin film solar cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound (G) was used instead of the compound (E), and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(G)
実施例6
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(E)にかえて化合物(H)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
(H)
Example 6
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin film solar cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound (H) was used instead of the compound (E), and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(H)
実施例7
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(E)にかえて、特開2004−2703号公報の実施例1の方法で製造した化合物(I)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
(I)
Example 7
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin film solar cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound (I) produced by the method of Example 1 of JP-A-2004-2703 was used instead of the compound (E), and Voc Was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(I)
実施例8
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(E)にかえて、特開2006−169265号公報の実施例1の方法で製造した化合物(J)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
(J)
Example 8
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin film solar cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound (J) produced by the method of Example 1 of JP-A-2006-169265 was used instead of the compound (E), and Voc Was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(J)
実施例9
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(E)にかえて化合物(K)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
(K)
Example 9
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin-film solar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound (K) was used instead of the compound (E), and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(K)
実施例10
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(E)にかえて化合物(L)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
(L)
Example 10
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin-film solar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound (L) was used instead of the compound (E), and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(L)
実施例11
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(E)にかえて化合物(M)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
(M)
Example 11
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin-film solar cell was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound (M) was used instead of the compound (E), and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(M)
実施例12
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
C60PCBMの量を、共役高分子化合物1に対して10倍重量とした以外は、実施例5と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
Example 12
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin film solar cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the amount of C60PCBM was 10 times the weight of the conjugated polymer compound 1, and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
実施例13
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(G)の添加量を共役高分子化合物1の重量に対して5倍重量にした以外は実施例12と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
Example 13
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin-film solar cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 12 except that the amount of compound (G) added was 5 times the weight of the conjugated polymer compound 1, and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
実施例14
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
化合物(G)の添加量を共役高分子化合物1の重量に対して10倍重量にした以外は実施例12と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
Example 14
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin-film solar cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 12 except that the amount of compound (G) added was 10 times the weight of the conjugated polymer compound 1, and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
比較例1
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
式(1)で表される化合物を用いない以外は実施例1と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
Comparative Example 1
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin film solar cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the compound represented by the formula (1) was not used, and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
比較例2
(有機薄膜太陽電池の作製、評価)
式(1)で表される化合物を用いない以外は実施例12と同様の方法で有機薄膜太陽電池を作製し、Vocを測定した。測定結果を表1に示す。
Comparative Example 2
(Production and evaluation of organic thin-film solar cells)
An organic thin film solar cell was produced in the same manner as in Example 12 except that the compound represented by the formula (1) was not used, and Voc was measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
Claims (5)
式(1)で表される化合物が、式(3)〜式(5)のいずれかで表される化合物である有機光電変換素子。
(1)
(式中、A環及びB環は、同一又は相異なり、芳香環を表す。A2は、A環及びB環と結合して5員環若しくは6員環を形成する2価の基、−S−又は−O−を表す。R1は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルコキシ基、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキルチオ基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールオキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリールチオ基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルコキシ基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキルチオ基、ジヒドロキシボリル基、ホウ酸エステル残基、ハロマグネシウム基、置換されていてもよいスタンニル基、又は、スルホン酸残基を表す。2個あるR1は、同一であっても相異なっていてもよい。)
(3)
(式中、R 3 は、水素原子、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基又は複素環基を表す。2個あるR 3 は、同一であっても相異なっていてもよい。R 1 は、前述と同じ意味を表す。)
(4)
(式中、R 8 は、水素原子、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基又は複素環基を表す。2個あるR 8 は、同一であっても相異なっていてもよい。R 1 は、前述と同じ意味を表す。)
(5)
(式中、R 4 は、水素原子、フッ素置換されていてもよいアルキル基、置換されていてもよいアリール基、置換されていてもよいアリールアルキル基又は複素環基を表す。R 1 は、前述と同じ意味を表す。) An organic photoelectric conversion element having a pair of electrodes and an organic layer provided between the electrodes, wherein the organic layer includes a compound represented by formula (1) and a conjugated polymer compound ,
The organic photoelectric conversion element whose compound represented by Formula (1) is a compound represented by either of Formula (3)-Formula (5) .
(1)
(In the formula, A ring and B ring are the same or different and each represents an aromatic ring. A 2 is a divalent group that forms a 5-membered or 6-membered ring by combining with A ring and B ring; R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted with fluorine, an alkoxy group which may be substituted with fluorine, an alkylthio group which may be substituted with fluorine, or substituted. Aryl group which may be substituted, aryloxy group which may be substituted, arylthio group which may be substituted, arylalkyl group which may be substituted, arylalkoxy group which may be substituted, substituted An arylalkylthio group, a dihydroxyboryl group, a boric acid ester residue, a halomagnesium group, an optionally substituted stannyl group, or a sulfonic acid residue. 1 may be different and the same.)
(3)
(Wherein R 3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted with fluorine, an aryl group which may be substituted, an arylalkyl group which may be substituted or a heterocyclic group. 3 may be the same or different, and R 1 represents the same meaning as described above.
(4)
(In the formula, R 8 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted with fluorine, an aryl group which may be substituted, an arylalkyl group which may be substituted or a heterocyclic group. 8 may be the same or different, and R 1 represents the same meaning as described above.
(5)
(.R 1 wherein, R 4 is representing a hydrogen atom, a fluorine optionally substituted alkyl group, an optionally substituted aryl group, an optionally substituted arylalkyl group or heterocyclic group, It represents the same meaning as above.)
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