JP5594900B2 - Human body dummy joint - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a human body dummy joint portion that is used for a human body dummy that has a structure that exhibits a characteristic that is very similar to a joint portion of a human body and that can move, and that is used for predictive evaluation of an injury suffered by a human being.

  In a collision test of an automobile or the like, a human body model for a collision test (human body dummy) is used as a measurement tool for predicting an injury suffered by a human. For example, a collision test is performed by mounting a human body dummy on a vehicle in the same manner as a human being, and by analyzing and using various data obtained from this test, the collision safety performance of the vehicle is improved.

  As such a human body dummy, for example, a collision test dummy is known (see Patent Document 1). This crash test dummy consists of ball joints that can be used to collect data from joints such as shoulders, elbows, wrists, heels, knees, and ankles. It is structured to detect with a sensitive detector. Note that the rotation range of the ball joint is limited or adjusted by a groove formed in the ball and a ball guide screw inserted into the groove.

Japanese Patent No. 3990366

  However, the joint ball joint used in the above-described collision test dummy has a structure in which the ball guide screw hits the end face of the groove as it is at the end of the groove to stop the rotation, so the rotation range is defined. However, the rotation suddenly stops at the end of this rotation range. For this reason, it is difficult to say that the characteristics approximate to the human body structure are reproduced, and there is a problem that the obtained data is difficult to accurately indicate the injury to the joint part of the human body.

  In order to solve the above-described problems caused by the conventional technology, the present invention has a structure that can move along the characteristics while exhibiting characteristics that are more approximate to the joints of the human body, and improve the performance of predictive evaluation of injury. An object of the present invention is to provide a human body dummy joint that can be used.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the human body dummy joint part according to the present invention is a human body dummy joint part applied to the joint part of the human body dummy, and one bone part constituting the joint part A ball joint formed by connecting a ball received at the end of the other bone to a ball receiving portion provided at the end of the other bone portion, and protruding from the ball. A rotation restricting portion configured by a pin and a restricting groove portion into which the restricting pin formed in the ball receiving portion is inserted, and capable of restricting movement of the ball in a predetermined rotation direction at a predetermined position within a movable range. The restriction pin is supported in the ball so as to be able to advance and retreat by an elastic body, and the restriction groove portion has a groove depth gradually decreasing toward at least one end portion in the rotation direction toward the groove end portion. form Has been inclined surface, the regulation pin, said elastic member and said inclined surface, characterized in that it constitutes a rotation abrupt stop suppressing unit stopping by gradually increasing the operating resistance of the ball.

  For example, the restriction pin is formed in a convex curved surface whose tip is in sliding contact with the inclined surface.

  For example, an impact cushioning material is disposed between the ends of the one and other bones.

  The ball joint is applied to, for example, at least one of a shoulder joint part, an elbow joint part, a radial carpal joint part, a hip joint part, a knee joint part, and a thigh joint part of the human body dummy.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the structure which can move along the characteristic is shown, showing the characteristic approximated to the joint part of a human body more, and the performance of the prediction evaluation of injury can be improved.

It is a front view which shows the whole structure of a human body dummy provided with the human body dummy joint part which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the structure of the shoulder joint part of the right shoulder of a human body dummy. It is A-A 'sectional drawing of FIG. FIG. 3 is a B-B ′ sectional view of FIG. 2. FIG. 5 is a partial operation development view of FIG. 4. FIG. 3 is a C-C ′ sectional view of FIG. 2. It is a front view which shows the structure of the elbow joint part of the right elbow of a human body dummy. It is D-D 'sectional drawing of FIG. It is E-E 'sectional drawing of FIG. It is F-F 'sectional drawing of FIG. It is a front view which shows the structure of the hip joint part of the right crotch of a human body dummy. FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line G-G ′ of FIG. 11. It is H-H 'sectional drawing of FIG. It is a side view which shows the structure of the radial carpal joint part of the right hand of the human body dummy. It is I-I 'sectional drawing of FIG. It is K-K 'sectional drawing of FIG. It is a front view which shows the structure of the thigh joint part of the right leg of the human body dummy. It is L-L 'sectional drawing of FIG. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line M-M ′ of FIG. 17. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line N-N ′ of FIG. 17. It is a front view which shows the structure of the knee joint part of the right knee of a human body dummy. It is O-O 'sectional drawing of FIG. It is Q-Q 'sectional drawing of FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a human body dummy joint according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an overall configuration of a human body dummy including a human body dummy joint according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Overall structure of human body dummy]
As shown in FIG. 1, a human body dummy 100 to which a human body dummy joint portion according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied includes a head 101 having a neck skeleton 105, a chest and a torso on which the head 101 is installed. The torso part 102 and the waist part 102, a pair of arm parts 103 attached to the trunk part 102, and a pair of leg parts 104 similarly attached to the trunk part 102 are configured.

  The bone portion (not shown) of the human body dummy 100 is mainly made of a metal material such as aluminum, stainless steel, or iron, or a high-strength synthetic resin material, and the skin portion 106 covering the bone portion is, for example, silicon rubber or the like. The synthetic resin material. Since various sensors for measuring impact, pressure, etc. can be installed at any location of the human body dummy 100, the description is omitted here, and other configurations are the same as those of a known human body dummy. Similarly, the description is omitted here.

  The human body dummy 100 is provided with a pair of shoulder joint portions 10, an elbow joint portion 20, a radial carpal joint portion 40, a hip joint portion 30, a knee joint portion 60, and a thigh joint portion 50 as joint portions. . The human body dummy joint part according to the present embodiment is applied to all of these joint parts in this example, but may be applied to at least one of them.

[Composition of shoulder joint]
First, the shoulder joint portion 10 of the human body dummy 100 will be described. Here, for convenience of explanation, the shoulder joint portion 10 of the right shoulder will be described as an example, but the same structure can be applied to the left shoulder. FIG. 2 is a front view showing the structure of the shoulder joint portion 10 of the right shoulder of the human body dummy 100. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ in FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is a partial development view of FIG. FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 6, the shoulder joint portion 10 of the right shoulder has a ball 13 provided at the tip of the rod 12 connected to the end portion of the humerus portion 11 of the right arm. The ball receiving portion 15 provided at the portion is rotatably received by a ball joint formed by coupling the ball 13 and the ball receiving portion 15.

  The ball joint includes a rotation restricting portion 18 configured by a restricting pin 16 protruding from the ball 13 and a restricting groove portion 17 into which the restricting pin 16 formed in the ball receiving portion 15 is inserted. The rotation restricting portion 18 restricts movement of the ball 13 in a predetermined rotation direction at a predetermined position within the movable range.

  The restriction pin 16 is configured to be extendable and contractible in the center direction of the ball 13 by a spring 16 b as an elastic body provided inside the ball 13. That is, the regulation pin 16 is supported in a state of being urged so as to be able to advance and retreat in the direction of the distal end portion 16a by pressing the spring 16b disposed at the rear end portion inside the ball 13 with the stopper 16c.

  The restriction groove 17 is formed such that when the ball 13 moves in a predetermined rotation direction at a predetermined position within the movable range, the restriction pin 16 and the end face abut at the groove end. Further, the restriction groove portion 17 is configured to have an inclined surface 17a formed so that the depth of the groove gradually decreases toward the groove end portion at at least one end portion in the rotation direction as described above.

  Then, the regulation pin 16 provided on the ball 13 and the inclined surface 17a formed on the regulation groove portion 17 constitute a rotation sudden stop suppression unit that gradually increases the operation resistance of the ball 13 and stops the rotation of the ball 13. ing. In this case, the front end portion 16a of the regulation pin 16 may be formed in a convex curved surface that is in sliding contact with the inclined surface 17a, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the movable range of the humerus 11 in the shoulder joint 10 configured in this way is set mainly by the rod 12 and the rod restricting groove 19 formed in the scapula 14. However, the movement of the humerus 11 in a predetermined rotational direction at a predetermined position within the movable range is restricted by the rotation restricting portion 18 of the ball joint. Specifically, the shoulder joint 10 operates as follows.

[Operation of shoulder joint]
First, as shown in FIG. 2, in the shoulder joint portion 10, the humerus portion 11 is perpendicular to the right lateral direction of the body of the human body dummy 100 around the center of the ball 13 with respect to the scapula portion 14 (vertical surface). ), The restriction pin 16 of the ball 13 comes into contact with the end of the restriction groove 17 of the rotation restriction part 18 in the reference state in which the humerus part 11 is located on the lowermost side. In this reference state, further rotational movement of the humerus 11 in the direction of the trunk 102 is restricted.

  On the contrary, in the state where the humerus 11 is located on the uppermost side, the rod 12 and the end of the rod restricting groove 19 formed in the scapula 14 abut. In this state, further rotational movement of the humerus 11 toward the head 101 is restricted.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 3, when the humerus 11 is in the reference state as described above, the shoulder joint portion 10 does not break the posture of the reference state, and the horizontal direction ( It can be rotated along a horizontal plane) and, as shown in FIG. 4, it can be rotated along the vertical direction in the front and rear directions of the body.

  In addition, when the humerus 11 rotates and moves along the horizontal direction in the forward and backward directions of the body, the rod 12 and the rod restricting groove 19 are respectively located in the most frontal state and the most rearward state. The end portion of the humerus 11 comes into contact with the humerus 11, and further rotational movement of the humerus 11 in the horizontal direction is restricted.

  Further, when the humerus 11 is rotated and moved along the vertical direction in the front direction and the rear direction of the body, the restriction groove portion of the rotation restriction portion 18 in the state located at the uppermost front side and the state located at the uppermost rear side. The restriction pin 16 of the ball 13 is brought into contact with the end portion of the ball 17, and further rotational movement of the humerus portion 11 in the vertical direction is restricted.

  Here, in the front portion of the state positioned at the uppermost front side and the state positioned at the uppermost rearward side, the rotational speed of the humerus portion 11 is gradually increased from the moving speed during the normal movement by the rotation sudden stop suppression unit. It is configured to be lowered.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 5, when the regulation pin 16 is normally moving in the regulation groove portion 17, there is almost no contact resistance between the tip portion 16 a of the regulation pin 16 and the groove bottom portion of the regulation groove portion 17. Has been. For this reason, the operation resistance of the ball 13 is hardly felt.

  On the other hand, when the front end portion 16a of the restriction pin 16 starts to contact the inclined surface 17a, the restriction pin 16 is pushed toward the rear end portion by the inclined surface 17a, and a force for contracting the spring 16b is generated, so that contact resistance is felt. . The contact resistance gradually increases as it goes along the slope 17a toward the groove end, and accordingly, the operation resistance of the ball 13 gradually increases until the ball 13 finally stops.

  Therefore, since the moving speed of the humerus part 11 is gradually reduced in the rotation sudden stop suppression part, the end part of the restriction groove part 17 and the restriction pin 16 come into contact with the humerus part 11 in rotation. Therefore, sudden stop is suppressed. Normally, the joint portion of the human body is structured such that its movement gradually stops at the end of the movable range except in special cases, so according to the shoulder joint portion 10 according to this embodiment, It is possible to realize a structure capable of moving along the characteristics while exhibiting characteristics that are more approximate to the shoulder joints of the human body than those of the above.

  The operating angle of the ball 13 of the shoulder joint 10 is, for example, 0 ° in the above-mentioned reference state, and the humerus 11 rotates and moves along the vertical direction in the right lateral direction of the body, and the uppermost side. The angle to the state of being positioned at 140 is set to 140 ° ± 20 ° (indicated as 160 ° in FIG. 2). Further, the operating angle of the ball 13 is 80 ° (see FIG. 3) until the humerus 11 rotates and moves in the horizontal direction in the front direction of the body and is positioned at the most front side, and the most rear side. The angle to the position is set to be 60 ° (see FIG. 3).

  Further, the operating angle of the ball 13 is 170 ° ± 20 ° (150 in FIG. 4) until the humerus 11 rotates and moves in the vertical direction in the front direction of the body and is positioned at the uppermost front side. The angle until the state where the humerus 11 rotates and moves vertically along the posterior direction of the body and is located on the uppermost rear side is 55 ° ± 20 ° (indicated by “°”). In FIG. 4, it is set to be 75 °).

  In addition, the slope which comprises a rotation sudden stop suppression part is not provided in the regulation groove part 17 shown in FIG. The reason is that if the regulation groove portion 17 shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a slope that constitutes the rotation sudden stop suppression portion, it is very difficult to start the rotational movement of the humerus portion 11 from the reference state. This is to avoid this.

[Configuration of elbow joint]
Next, the elbow joint 20 of the human body dummy 100 will be described. In the following description, parts that are the same as those already described are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, and parts not particularly relevant to the present invention may not be specified. For convenience of explanation, the elbow joint 20 of the right elbow is described as an example, but the same structure can be applied to the left elbow.

  FIG. 7 is a front view showing the structure of the elbow joint 20 of the right elbow of the human body dummy 100. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D ′ of FIG. 7, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E ′ of FIG. 7, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F ′ of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, the elbow joint 20 of the right elbow is provided with a ball 23 provided at the tip of the rod 22 connected to the end of the ulna 21 at the end of the humerus 11. The ball receiving portion 25 is rotatably received by the ball receiving portion 25 and is composed of a ball joint formed by connecting the ball 23 and the ball receiving portion 25. The ball 23 may be provided via the rod 22 at the end of the rib portion 21 a adjacent to the ulna portion 21.

  The ball joint includes a rotation restricting portion 28 including a restricting pin 26 protruding from the ball 23 and a restricting groove portion 27 into which the restricting pin 26 formed in the ball receiving portion 25 is inserted. The rotation restricting portion 28 restricts the movement of the ball 23 in a predetermined rotation direction at a predetermined position within the movable range.

  In addition, the configuration and operational effects of the tip 26a of the restriction pin 26, the spring 26b and stopper 26c provided inside the ball 23, the inclined surface 27a of the restriction groove 27, the rod restriction groove 29, the rotation sudden stop suppression part, etc. Since it is the same as that described in the joint section 10, the description thereof is omitted here.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the movable range of the ulna 21 in the elbow joint 20 configured in this way is set mainly by the rod 22 and the rod restriction groove 29 formed in the humerus 11. The movement of the ulna 21 in the predetermined rotational direction at the predetermined position within the movable range is restricted by the rotation restricting part 28. Specifically, the elbow joint 20 operates as follows.

[Operation of the elbow joint]
First, as shown in FIG. 8, in the elbow joint 20, the ulna 21 rotates with respect to the humerus 11 around the center of the ball 23 along the vertical direction in the forward and backward directions of the body. In this case, in the reference state in which the ulna 21 is located on the lowermost side, the ulna 21 is in a state having a play that can be freely rotated and moved along the vertical direction in the front-rear direction of the body. .

  From this reference state, when the ulna 21 is rotated and moved along the vertical direction in the front direction of the body, the rod 22 and the rod regulating groove 29 come into contact with each other in the state located at the uppermost front side, and the ulna 21 Further rotational movement in the vertical direction is restricted. On the other hand, when the ulna 21 is rotated from the reference state along the vertical direction in the posterior direction of the body, the ball 23 is placed at the end of the restriction groove 27 of the rotation restricting portion 28 in the state positioned on the uppermost rear side. The restriction pin 26 comes into contact with the ulna 21 and the further rotational movement in the vertical direction is restricted.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, when the ulna 21 is in the reference state, the elbow joint 20 rotates and moves along the horizontal direction in the horizontal direction of the body without breaking the posture of the reference state. It is configured to be able to. When the ulna 21 is rotated and moved in the horizontal direction in the left-right lateral direction of the body, the rotation restricting portion 28 rotates suddenly in the frontmost portion in the leftmost side and the rightmost side. By the stop suppression unit, the moving speed of the ulna 21 is gradually reduced from the moving speed during normal movement. Since the configuration and operational effects of the sudden rotation stop suppression unit are the same as those described above, description thereof will be omitted here, and description thereof will be omitted hereinafter.

  The operating angle of the ball 23 of the elbow joint portion 20 is, for example, when the reference state is 0 °, until the ulna portion 21 rotates and moves in the vertical direction in the front direction of the body and is located at the uppermost front side. Is set to be 120 ° ± 20 ° (indicated as 140 ° in FIG. 8).

  Further, the operating angle of the ball 23 is set so that the angle until the ulna 21 is rotationally moved along the vertical direction in the rearward direction of the body and positioned at the uppermost rear side is 5 ° (see FIG. 2). Has been. Further, the operating angle of the ball 23 is 90 degrees until the ulna 21 is rotated and moved in the horizontal direction in the horizontal direction of the body and is positioned at the leftmost side and the rightmost side. (See FIG. 9). As described above, according to the elbow joint 20 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a structure capable of moving along the characteristics while exhibiting characteristics that are more similar to those of the human elbow joint than the conventional one. it can.

[Configuration of hip joint]
Next, the hip joint portion 30 of the human body dummy 100 will be described. For convenience of explanation, the right hip crotch joint portion 30 will be described as an example here, but the same structure can be applied to the left crotch. FIG. 11 is a front view showing the structure of the hip joint 30 of the right crotch of the human body dummy 100. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line GG ′ of FIG. 11, and FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line HH ′ of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 11 to FIG. 13, the right hip crotch joint portion 30 has a ball 33 provided at the tip of a rod 32 connected to the end portion of the femur 31, and the like, such as an end portion of the hipbone portion 34. The ball receiving portion 35 provided at a predetermined position is rotatably received by a ball joint formed by coupling the ball 33 and the ball receiving portion 35.

  The ball joint includes a rotation restricting portion 38 including a restricting pin 36 projecting from the ball 33 and a restricting groove portion 37 into which the restricting pin 36 formed in the ball receiving portion 35 is inserted. The rotation restricting portion 38 restricts movement of the ball 33 in a predetermined rotation direction at a predetermined position within the movable range.

  In addition, the configuration and operational effects of the tip 36a of the restriction pin 36, the spring 36b and stopper 36c provided inside the ball 33, the inclined surface 37a of the restriction groove 37, the rod restriction groove 39, the rotation sudden stop suppression part, etc. Since it is the same as that described for the joint portion 10 and the like, the description thereof is omitted here.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the movable range of the femur 31 in the hip joint 30 configured in this way is set mainly by the rod 32 and the rod restricting groove 39 formed in the hipbone 34. The movement of the femur 31 in a predetermined rotational direction at a predetermined position within this movable range is restricted by the rotation restricting part 38. Specifically, the hip joint 30 operates as follows.

[Operation of hip joint]
First, as shown in FIG. 11, in the hip joint 30, when the femur 31 rotates and moves along the vertical direction in the right lateral direction of the body with the center of the ball 33 as the rotation center with respect to the hipbone 34, In a reference state in which the femur 31 is straight down and positioned in the middle of the movable range, the femur 31 can start to freely rotate along the vertical direction in the right lateral direction and the front-rear direction of the body. It is in a state with a lot of play.

  When the femur 31 is rotated and moved along the vertical direction in the right lateral direction of the body from this reference state, the restriction pin 36 comes into contact with the end of the restriction groove 37 in the uppermost position. In this state, further rotational movement of the femur 31 toward the trunk 102 is restricted.

  On the other hand, in the state located closest to the leg 104 side from the reference state, the rod 32 and the rod restricting groove portion 39 formed in the hipbone portion 34 abut. In this state, further rotational movement of the femur 31 in the direction of the leg 104 is restricted.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 12, when the femur 31 is in the reference state, the hip joint portion 30 can rotate and move along the vertical direction in the front-rear direction of the body without losing the posture of the reference state. It is configured to be able to. When the femur 31 is rotated and moved along the direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the body, the rotation sudden stop suppression unit of the rotation restricting unit 38 is in the forefront portion in the most frontal state and the most rearward state. As a result, the moving speed of the femur 31 is gradually reduced from the moving speed during normal movement.

  Note that the operating angle of the ball 33 of the hip joint 30 is such that, for example, when the reference state is 0 °, the femur 31 rotates and moves along the vertical direction in the right lateral direction of the body, and the uppermost and most leg portions. The angles until reaching a position close to the 104 side are each set to 45 ° (see FIG. 11).

  In addition, the operating angle of the ball 33 is set so that the angle until the femur 31 is rotationally moved along the vertical direction in the front direction of the body and positioned at the most front side is 125 ° (see FIG. 12). Has been. Further, the operation angle of the ball 33 is 15 ° (see FIG. 12) until the femur 31 is rotated and moved in the vertical direction in the rear direction of the body and positioned at the rearmost side. Is set. As described above, according to the hip joint 30 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a structure that can move along the characteristics while exhibiting characteristics that are more similar to those of the hip joint of the human body than the conventional one.

[Configuration of the radial carpal joint]
Next, the radial carpal joint 40 of the human body dummy 100 will be described. Here, for convenience of explanation, the radial carpal joint 40 of the right hand will be described as an example, but the same structure can be applied to the left hand. FIG. 14 is a side view showing the structure of the radial carpal joint 40 of the right hand of the human body dummy 100. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II ′ of FIG. 14, and FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line KK ′ of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, the radial carpal joint 40 of the right hand connects the ball 43 provided at the tip of the rod 42 connected to the end of the carpal bone 41 to the end of the rib 21 a. It consists of a ball joint formed by coupling the ball 43 and the ball receiving portion 45 so as to be pivotable by a ball receiving portion 45 provided in the ball. The ball receiver 45 may be provided at the end of the ulna 21 adjacent to the rib 21a.

  The ball joint includes a rotation restricting portion 48 including a restricting pin 46 projecting from the ball 43 and a restricting groove portion 47 into which the restricting pin 46 formed in the ball receiving portion 45 is inserted. The rotation restricting portion 48 restricts movement of the ball 43 in a predetermined rotation direction at a predetermined position within the movable range.

  In addition, the configuration and operational effects of the tip 46a of the restriction pin 46, the spring 46b and stopper 46c provided in the ball 43, the slope 47a of the restriction groove 47, the rod restriction groove 49, the rotation sudden stop suppression part, etc. Since it is the same as that described for the joint portion 10 and the like, the description thereof is omitted here.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the movable range of the carpal bone portion 41 in the radius carpal joint portion 40 configured as described above is set mainly by the rod 42 and the rod restricting groove portion 49 formed in the rib portion 21a. However, movement of the carpal bone portion 41 in a predetermined rotation direction at a predetermined position within the movable range is restricted by the rotation restricting portion 48. Specifically, the radial carpal joint 40 operates as follows.

[Operation of radial carpal joint]
First, as shown in FIG. 14, in the radial carpal joint portion 40, the carpal bone portion 41 is perpendicular to the direction of showing the palm and the direction of the back of the hand with the center of the ball 43 as the rotation center with respect to the rib portion 21a. In the reference state in which the carpal bone part 41 is straightly lowered and positioned in the middle of the movable range, the carpal bone part 41 moves along the vertical direction in each of the directions shown above and the body. It is in a state having a play that can start rotational movement freely along the vertical direction in the horizontal direction.

  From this reference state, when the carpal bone part 41 rotates and moves in the vertical direction in the direction of showing the palm and the direction of showing the back of the hand, the rod 42 and the rod restricting groove part 49 come into contact with each other at the moving ends. Further rotational movement of the root bone part 41 is restricted.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 15, when the carpal bone portion 41 is in the reference state, the radial carpal joint portion 40 rotates along the vertical direction in the lateral direction of the body without breaking the posture of the reference state. It is configured to be able to move. When the carpal bone part 41 is rotated and moved along the vertical direction in the lateral direction of the body, the rotation sudden stop suppression part of the rotation restricting part 48 causes the carpal bone part 41 of the front part of each of the moving ends to be in front. The moving speed is gradually reduced from the moving speed during normal movement.

  Note that the operating angle of the ball 43 of the radial carpal joint 40 rotates and moves along the vertical direction in the direction in which the carpal bone 41 shows the palm and the direction of the back of the hand, for example, when the reference state is 0 °. The angle to reach each moving end is set to 95 ° ± 10 ° (indicated as 105 ° in FIG. 14).

  The operation angle of the ball 43 is 30 ° (see FIG. 15) until the carpal bone portion 41 rotates and moves along the vertical direction in the lateral direction of the body and reaches each moving end. Is set. Thus, according to the radial carpal joint 40 according to the present embodiment, a structure that can move along the characteristics while exhibiting characteristics that are more approximate to those of the human carpal joint than the conventional one. Can be realized.

[Configuration of the thigh joint]
Next, the thigh joint portion 50 of the human body dummy 100 will be described. For convenience of explanation, the thigh joint 50 of the right foot is described as an example here, but the same structure can be applied to the left foot. FIG. 17 is a front view showing the structure of the thigh joint 50 of the right foot of the human body dummy 100. 18 is an LL ′ sectional view of FIG. 17, FIG. 19 is an MM ′ sectional view of FIG. 17, and FIG. 20 is an NN ′ sectional view of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 17 to 20, the thigh joint 50 of the right foot is provided with a ball 53 provided at the tip of a rod 52 connected to the end of the talus 51 at the end of the tibia 54. The ball receiving portion 55 is rotatably received by a ball joint formed by coupling the ball 53 and the ball receiving portion 55. The ball receiving portion 55 may be provided in the rib portion 54a adjacent to the tibia portion 54.

  The ball joint includes a rotation restricting portion 58 including a restricting pin 56 projecting from the ball 53 and a restricting groove portion 57 into which the restricting pin 56 formed in the ball receiving portion 55 is inserted. The rotation restricting portion 58 restricts the movement of the ball 53 in a predetermined rotation direction at a predetermined position within the movable range.

  In addition, the configurations and functions of the tip 56a of the restriction pin 56, the spring 56b and the stopper 56c provided inside the ball 53, the inclined surface 57a of the restriction groove 57, the rod restriction groove 59, the rotation sudden stop suppression part, etc. Since it is the same as that described for the joint portion 10 and the like, the description thereof is omitted here.

  As shown in FIG. 20, the movable range of the talus part 51 in the thus constructed talus joint part 50 is mainly set by the rod 52 and the rod restricting groove part 59 formed in the tibia part 54. The movement of the talus part 51 in a predetermined rotational direction at a predetermined position within this movable range is restricted by the rotation restricting part 58. Specifically, the thigh joint 50 operates as follows.

[Operation of the thigh joint]
First, as shown in FIG. 18, in the talus joint portion 50, the talus portion 51 is perpendicular to the direction in which the sole of the foot is shown with the center of the ball 53 as the rotation center with respect to the tibia portion 54 and the direction in which the instep is shown. In the reference state in which the talus 51 is straightly lowered and positioned in the middle of the movable range, the talus 51 is arranged along the vertical direction in each of the above-mentioned viewing directions and inside and outside of the body. It is in a state having a play that can be freely rotated in the horizontal direction along the horizontal direction.

  From this reference state, when the talus 51 rotates and moves in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the sole of the foot is shown and the direction in which the instep is shown, the rod 52 and the rod restricting groove 59 abut at each moving end. Further rotation of the talar part 51 is restricted.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 19, when the talar part 51 is in the reference state, the thigh joint part 50 rotates and moves along the horizontal direction inside and outside the body without breaking the posture of the reference state. It is configured to be able to. When the talus 51 rotates and moves horizontally in the lateral and lateral directions of the body, the movement of the talus 51 is performed by the rotation sudden stop suppression unit of the rotation restricting unit 58 at the front side of each moving end. The speed is gradually decreased from the moving speed during normal movement.

  For example, when the reference state is 0 °, the operating angle of the ball 53 of the thigh joint 50 rotates and moves along the vertical direction in the direction in which the talus 51 shows the back of the foot and the direction in which the back of the foot is shown. Thus, the angle to reach each moving end is set to 40 ° ± 10 ° (indicated as 50 ° in FIG. 18).

  Further, the operating angle of the ball 53 is set so that the angle until the talus 51 rotates and moves in the horizontal direction inside the body and reaches the moving end is 30 ° (see FIG. 19). ing. Further, the operating angle of the ball 53 is set so that the angle until the talus 51 rotates and moves in the horizontal direction outside the body and reaches the moving end is 20 ° (see FIG. 19). ing. As described above, the thigh joint 50 according to the present embodiment realizes a structure that can move along the characteristics while exhibiting characteristics that are more similar to those of the human thigh joint than the conventional one. be able to.

[Composition of knee joint]
Next, the knee joint part 60 of the human body dummy 100 will be described. For convenience of explanation, the knee joint 60 of the right knee will be described as an example here, but the same structure can be applied to the left knee. FIG. 21 is a front view showing the structure of the knee joint portion 60 of the right knee of the human body dummy 100. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along line OO ′ of FIG. 21, and FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along line QQ ′ of FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 21 to 23, the knee joint 60 of the right knee is provided with a ball 63 provided at the tip of a rod 62 connected to the end of the tibia 54 at the end of the femur 31. The ball receiving portion 65 is rotatably received by a ball joint formed by coupling the ball 63 and the ball receiving portion 65. The rod 62 and the ball 63 may be provided on the rib portion 54 a adjacent to the tibia portion 54. Further, an impact cushioning material 61 is disposed between the step portions of the tibia 54 and the femur 31. The shock absorbing material 61 is made of a synthetic resin material such as silicon rubber or butyl rubber.

  The ball joint includes a rotation restricting portion 68 including a restricting pin 66 protruding from the ball 63 and a restricting groove portion 67 into which the restricting pin 66 formed in the ball receiving portion 65 is inserted. The rotation restricting portion 68 restricts the movement of the ball 63 in a predetermined rotation direction at a predetermined position within the movable range.

  In addition, the configuration and operational effects of the tip 66a of the restriction pin 66, the spring 66b and stopper 66c provided inside the ball 63, the slope 67a of the restriction groove 67, the rod restriction groove 69, the rotation sudden stop suppression part, etc. Since it is the same as that described for the joint portion 10 and the like, the description thereof is omitted here.

  The shock absorbing material 61 is formed with a notch 61a that is continuous with the rod restricting groove 69 so that the movement of the rod 62 is not hindered. Further, the shock absorbing material 61 is provided to avoid collision between the ends of the bone part and further ease the operation of the joint part 60, and is also applied to each of the joint parts 10 to 50 described above. Also good.

  As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the movable range of the tibia part 54 in the knee joint part 60 configured in this way is mainly the rod 62 and the rod restricting groove part 69 formed in the femur part 31 and the cutout part. 61a, the movement of the tibial part 54 in a predetermined rotational direction at a predetermined position within the movable range is restricted by the rotation restricting part 68. Specifically, the knee joint unit 60 operates as follows.

[Knee joint movement]
First, as shown in FIG. 22, in the knee joint 60, when the tibia 54 rotates and moves along the vertical direction in the posterior direction of the body with the center of the ball 63 as the rotation center with respect to the femur 31, In the reference state in which the portion 54 is located on the lowermost side, the rod 62 and the end of the rod restricting groove 69 and the end of the notch 61a abut. In this state, the further rotational movement of the tibia part 54 in the forward direction of the body is restricted. Similarly, in the state where the tibia part 54 is located at the most rearward upper side, the rod 62 and the end part of the rod restricting groove part 69 are in contact with each other, and the rotational movement of the tibia part 54 in the direction of the femur 31 is restricted. Is done.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 21, when the tibia part 54 is in the reference state, the knee joint part 60 is slightly rotated and moved along the vertical direction inside and outside the body without breaking the posture of the reference state. It is configured to be able to. When the tibia part 54 is slightly rotated along the vertical direction in the lateral direction of the inside and outside of the body, the rotation sudden stop suppressing part and the shock absorbing material 61 of the rotation restricting part 68 are located in front of each moving end. Thus, the operation resistance of the tibial portion 54 is gradually increased toward the moving end.

  Usually, in the knee joint part of the human body, as described above, the tibial part 54 does not rotate and move along the vertical direction in the inner and outer lateral directions of the body, and therefore, the knee joint part 60 according to the present embodiment. In the above, a configuration that can move slightly as described above was adopted. The operating angle of the ball 63 of the knee joint portion 60 is, for example, when the reference state is 0 °, until the tibial portion 54 rotates and moves in the vertical direction in the rearward direction of the body and is located at the uppermost rear side. Is set to 140 ° ± 20 ° (shown as 160 ° in FIG. 22). As described above, according to the knee joint portion 60 according to the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a structure capable of moving according to the characteristics while exhibiting characteristics that are more approximate to those of the human knee joint than the conventional one. it can.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Shoulder joint part 11 Humeral bone part 12 Rod 13 Ball 14 Scapula part 15 Ball receiving part 16 Restriction pin 17 Restriction groove part 18 Rotation restriction part 19 Rod restriction groove part 20 Elbow joint part 30 Hip joint part 40 Radial carpal joint part 50 Thigh Joint part 60 Knee joint part 100 Human body dummy

Claims (4)

A human body dummy joint applied to a joint part of a human body dummy,
From a ball joint formed by coupling a ball provided at the end of one bone part constituting the joint portion to a ball receiving part provided at the end of the other bone part so as to be rotatable. Become
The ball comprises a restriction pin projecting from the ball and a restriction groove portion into which the restriction pin formed in the ball receiving portion is inserted, and moves in a predetermined rotation direction at a predetermined position within the movable range of the ball. Equipped with a restrictable rotation restricting section,
The restriction pin is supported by the elastic body in the ball so as to advance and retreat,
The regulation groove has a slope formed so that the depth of the groove gradually decreases toward the groove end at at least one end in the rotation direction,
The human body dummy joint part, wherein the restriction pin, the elastic body, and the inclined surface constitute a rotation sudden stop suppression part that gradually increases the operation resistance of the ball and stops the ball.   2. The human body dummy joint part according to claim 1, wherein the restriction pin is formed in a convex curved surface whose tip part is in sliding contact with the inclined surface.   The human body dummy joint part according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an impact cushioning material is disposed between the ends of the one and the other bone parts.   The ball joint is applied to at least one of a shoulder joint part, an elbow joint part, a radial carpal joint part, a hip joint part, a knee joint part, and a thigh joint part of the human body dummy. The human body dummy joint part of any one of -3.

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