JP5588051B2 - Reclaimer - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a reclaimer that is provided with a boom that performs horizontal swiveling and undulation operations, and that pays out while removing piles of coal, ore, and the like.

  Bulk materials such as iron ore carried into steelworks, coal carried into thermal power plants, ore loaded into cargo ships, etc. are stored in a yard (storage area) of a vast area such as a stacker. It is generally stacked and stored by the loading means, and then it is collected by a reclaimer having a collecting means such as a bucket wheel at the tip and capable of horizontal swiveling and raising / lowering operations, and then is carried out. is there.

  As such a reclaimer, there is also a reclaimer (stacker reclaimer) that has a carry-in function in addition to a carry-out function and also serves as a stacker, as described in JP-A-2002-347945. Further, as a raising / lowering means for moving the boom tip side up and down, as shown in FIG. 4, the tip of the rod portion 22b protruding from the cylinder portion 22a of the hydraulic cylinder 22 operated by the hydraulic oil being pumped by the hydraulic unit 30 is used. What connected the side to the base end side of the boom 13 is known.

  The reason why hydraulic pressure is used for the hoisting means of the boom 13 as described above is that a large driving force can be obtained with a relatively small device, that starting and braking can be performed without shock, and a safety valve is used even when an excessive load is applied. For example, damage to the mechanical device can be avoided relatively easily by operating, and in the case of two cylinders, pressure synchronization of both cylinders is easy.

  However, the hydraulic hoisting means are less energy efficient than the electric ones, there are problems such as noise during driving, hydraulic oil management and waste oil treatment required, etc. With the recent increase in environmental awareness, it is desired to develop a drive system for the undulating means that replaces the conventional hydraulic pressure.

  Therefore, it is conceivable to use an electric motor-operated electric cylinder using a ball screw instead of a hydraulic cylinder as the boom raising and lowering means. However, although this electric cylinder has an application example in a stacker having only a carry-in function, in a reclaimer (including a stacker reclaimer) provided with a collecting means such as a bucket wheel at the boom tip, it is caused by excavation impact or collapse of a pile. A large impact load may be applied to the collecting means provided at the tip, and unlike the hydraulic system in which the safety valve functions, the mechanical device is likely to be damaged.

  Also, when using an electric cylinder, compared to using a hydraulic cylinder, the shock at start-up / braking is large, it is difficult to detect overload, and the cylinder operation is synchronized in the case of two cylinders. Difficulty is likely to be a problem. For this reason, there are currently no examples of using hydraulic cylinders in reclaimers.

JP 2002-347945 A

The present invention is intended to solve the above-described problem, and even when an electric cylinder is used as a boom raising / lowering means, it is possible to realize a smooth boom raising / lowering operation while avoiding damage to a mechanical device. The task is to do.

  Therefore, the present invention has an airframe having traveling means, a swivel provided on the airframe so as to be horizontally turnable, and a collection means such as a bucket wheel extending from the swivel and on the tip side. In a reclaimer having a boom that performs a hoisting operation by a predetermined hoisting means, and withdrawing while removing a pile by a collecting means, the hoisting means moves the rod part protruding from the cylinder part by driving each electric motor. It has two electric cylinders arranged in parallel to operate, and it reduces the shock at the time of starting and braking by controlling the driving of each electric motor by a control means having an inverter unit. To do.

  As described above, the boom raising and lowering operation in the reclaimer is performed by the electric cylinder instead of the hydraulic cylinder, so that it is excellent in energy efficiency and can solve the problem of waste oil. Since the operation is controlled through the inverter unit to reduce the shock at the time of starting and braking, a smooth boom hoisting operation is realized.

Further, in this reclaimer, a pin type load detecting means is provided as a mounting pin on the base end side of each electric cylinder, and the control means is based on a detection signal from this pin type load detecting means. It is possible to detect an overload condition and to stop driving each electric motor by detecting a predetermined overload condition. By detecting the overload of the cylinder and stopping the operation of the cylinder, it becomes easy to avoid damage to the mechanical device.

Further, in the above-described reclaimer, when a load of a predetermined level or more is applied to each electric cylinder, the rod portion is cut by cutting the power transmission in the middle of the path for converting the driving force of each electric motor into the forward / backward movement of the rod portion. If a mechanical load is applied to the collecting means provided at the tip during the sampling operation and an overload is applied to the cylinder, the mechanical brake is retracted. The mechanical brake can be avoided by disconnecting the connection in the middle of the power transmission path and allowing the rod part to retract.

Furthermore, in the above-described reclaimer, the hoisting means has two electric cylinders arranged in parallel, and has a tuning shaft that is installed between the electric cylinders to synchronize the cylinder operation. This makes it easy to ensure a smooth boom hoisting action, and one of the electric cylinder brakes is a normal brake and the other is an emergency brake, and the emergency brake is normally in an open state. If the emergency brake is activated only when a runaway condition such as a sudden change in the boom angle is detected, one-lung operation can be performed even if one of the electric cylinders becomes inoperable. It will be a thing.

  According to the present invention in which the boom is raised and lowered with the inverter-controlled electric cylinder while reducing the shock during starting and braking, even if the electric cylinder is used as the boom raising and lowering means, it is possible to avoid damaging the mechanical device. The boom can be smoothly raised and lowered.

It is a side view of the reclaimer of this Embodiment. It is the fragmentary fragmentary longitudinal cross-section for demonstrating the structure of the raising / lowering means of the boom of the reclaimer which is embodiment in this invention. (A) is the partial side view which expanded the boom base end side of the reclaimer of FIG. 2, (B) is sectional drawing which follows the XX line of (A). It is the partial fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view for demonstrating the structure of the raising / lowering means of the boom of the reclaimer by a prior art example.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present invention, the reclaimer includes a so-called stacker reclaimer capable of exhibiting a carry-in function in addition to a normal carry-out function.

  FIG. 1 shows a side view of the reclaimer 1A of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a schematic partial longitudinal sectional view for explaining the configuration of the hoisting means 20 of the boom 13 in the reclaimer 1A. This reclaimer 1A is equipped with a loading / unloading function as a stacker in addition to a load / unload function of a loading pile as a normal reclaimer, and is parallel to a loading conveyor / unloading conveyor in a yard of a mine or the like. Then, it is arranged so as to be able to reciprocate on the laid rail.

  Such a reclaimer 1A includes a machine body 11 that travels with a predetermined power by placing wheels on a rail, a swivel base 12 that rotates horizontally on the machine body 11 with a predetermined power, and extends from the swivel base 12 to the tip side. A boom 13 that has a collecting means 15 made of a bucket wheel that rotates with a predetermined power and performs a horizontal turning / raising / lowering operation is provided. The above configuration is a well-known configuration that is also common to the above-described conventional reclaimer.

  And in this invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the raising / lowering means 20 for raising / lowering the boom 13 is equipped with the two electric cylinders 21 and 21 arranged in parallel instead of the hydraulic cylinder. It is said. The electric cylinders 21 and 21 are operated by causing the rod part 21b to advance and retreat from the cylinder part 21a by rotating the ball screw by driving each electric motor 21c.

  However, as described above, when the electric cylinder is used as the boom raising and lowering means, unlike the hydraulic cylinder having a buffering action, there has been a problem that a shock is caused at the time of starting and braking. Therefore, in the present invention, the driving of each electric motor 21c that operates the electric cylinders 21 and 21 is controlled by a control means having an inverter unit (not shown) to reduce shocks at the time of starting and braking. Thus, the smooth raising / lowering operation of the boom 13 can be realized.

  Further, the mounting pins for connecting the base end portions of the electric cylinders 21 and 21 to the swivel base 12 side serve as a load cell 21d as a pin-type load detection means, and the load applied to the electric cylinder 21 is detected. By outputting a signal, the overload state of the electric cylinder 21 can be detected, and the control means of the electric cylinders 21 and 21 detecting a load of a predetermined level or more stops driving the electric motors 21c. Thus, even when an excessive downward load is applied to the tip end side of the boom 13, damage to the mechanical device is easily avoided.

Further, when a load of a predetermined level or more is applied to the electric cylinders 21 and 21, the connection is cut in the middle of the power transmission path for converting the driving force of the electric motor 21c into the forward / backward movement of the rod part 21b. Each of the mechanical brakes 21e having a function of retracting is provided. That is, between an input shaft (not shown) that is provided at a right angle to the ball screw on the proximal end side of the rod portion 21b and rotates it via a predetermined gear and a drive shaft (not shown) of the electric motor 21c. The provided brake 21e slips when a load of a predetermined level or more is applied, disconnects the rotational direction between the input shaft and the drive shaft of the electric motor 21c, and allows the rod portion 21b to retract. It has become. As a result, even when a heavy load is applied to the collecting means 15 provided at the tip of the boom 13 due to the collapse of a pile during a sampling operation and the overload is applied to the electric cylinder 21, the same function as the safety valve in the hydraulic cylinder is exhibited. Thus, it is easy to avoid damage to the mechanical device.

  In the reclaimer 1A of the present embodiment, the case where two electric cylinders 21 and 21 are arranged in parallel as the raising and lowering means 20 of the boom 13 has been described, but the same applies to a single cylinder type. Since the two electric cylinders 21 are arranged in parallel, a tuning shaft 23 such as a universal joint that synchronizes these operations is installed between the electric cylinders 21 and 21, so that the boom 13 can be smoothly raised and lowered. It is easy to secure. Further, with such a configuration, one-lung operation can be performed even if one electric cylinder 21 becomes inoperable.

  Hereinafter, a specific operation example according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. For example, if the normal load is P, the overloaded POL is 1.5P, and the brake 21e is set to 1.5P, the control means detects that the load cell 21d has exceeded P, whereby the electric motor 21c Stop driving. And since it becomes POL (1.5P), the mechanical brake 21e begins to slip, and the rod part 21b shrinks (the same applies when the load direction is reversed).

  When the bucket wheel 15 is overloaded with concentration (no undulation operation), the brake 21e begins to slip and the rod portion 21b contracts when P exceeds POL and becomes POL. In addition, since the excavation impact of the collecting part and the collapse of the mountain are instantaneous or short, it can be sufficiently used for protection of the mechanical device.

  In the case of a large stacker reclaimer, or when it is possible to temporarily operate a single lung even if the electric cylinder of the hoisting means breaks down, a system in which two electric cylinders are arranged in parallel is usually adopted. It is. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3B, two electric cylinders 21 and 21 each having an electric motor 21c and a brake 21e are mounted in parallel on both sides of the base end portion of the boom 13, and left and right By connecting the electric cylinder 21 with a tuning shaft 23 such as a universal joint, the electric cylinders 21 and 21 operate while being synchronized (synchronized) with each other.

  In this case, since the boom 13 is normally supported by the two electric cylinders 21 and 21, the capacity PB of each brake 21e only needs to exceed the normal load P (generally 150% of P: PB = 1.5P). However, if one of the electric cylinders 21 breaks down and one-lung operation is necessary, the remaining cylinder portion 21 is loaded with two loads, and the braking force is insufficient at PB = 1.5P. To do.

  Therefore, the setting of each brake 21e needs to be 2P × 1.5 = 3P. In such a setting, the braking force during normal operation is 6P with respect to a load of 2P, resulting in a triple braking force. Then, since the braking force becomes excessive, when an overload is applied to the electric cylinders 21 and 21, the brake does not slip at 150% as described above, so the frame strength needs to be designed to be excessively strong. Occurs.

  As a solution, it is conceivable that either one of the brakes 21e and 21e of the electric cylinders 21 and 21 is a service brake and the other is an emergency brake, and the emergency brake is normally opened. The emergency brake may be activated only when a runaway state such as when the angle of the boom 13 is suddenly changed is detected. As a result, even when an overload is applied, the brake 21e slips at 150% of P as in the case of the single cylinder described above, and appropriate mechanical device protection is possible. Become.

  As described above, according to the present invention, even when an electric cylinder is used as the boom raising / lowering means, the boom can be smoothly raised and lowered while avoiding damage to the mechanical device.

1A reclaimer, 11 body, 12 swivel, 13 boom, 15 collecting means, 20
Lifting means, 21 Electric cylinder, 21a Cylinder part, 21b Rod part, 21c Electric motor, 21d Load cell, 21e Brake, 23 Tuning shaft

Claims (3)

An airframe having traveling means, a swivel provided on the airframe so as to be horizontally turnable, and a boom extending from the swivel base and having a collecting means at a tip side and performing a hoisting operation by a predetermined hoisting means. In the reclaimer that disposes while removing the piles with the collecting means, the hoisting means is operated in parallel by two electric cylinders that are operated by advancing and retracting a rod part protruding from the cylinder part by driving of each electric motor. Have
When a load of a predetermined level or more is applied to each of the electric cylinders, a brake that retracts the rod portion by cutting off the transmission of power in the course of converting the driving force of the electric motor into the forward / backward movement of the rod portion is arranged. Established,
One of the brakes of the electric cylinder is a service brake and the other is an emergency brake. The emergency brake is normally in an open state, and the emergency brake detects a runaway state when the angle of the boom changes abruptly. A reclaimer characterized in that it is activated only in cases.   A pin-type load detecting means is provided as a mounting pin on the base end side of each electric cylinder, and the control means uses the detection signal from the pin-type load detecting means to overload each electric cylinder. It is possible to detect the state, and each electric cylinder is connected in the middle of a power transmission path that converts the driving force of each electric motor into the forward / backward movement of the rod portion when an overload state of each electric cylinder is detected. The reclaimer according to claim 1, wherein a mechanical brake having a function of cutting and retracting the rod portion is provided.   The hoisting means has two electric cylinders arranged in parallel, and has a tuning shaft that is laid between the two electric cylinders to synchronize the cylinder operation. The reclaimer according to claim 1 or 2.