JP5581813B2 - Lens drive device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lens driving device that drives a camera lens mounted on, for example, a mobile phone.

  As a lens driving device, a lens holder that holds the lens, a guide means that supports the lens holder so as to be movable in the optical axis direction, and abuts against the lens holder with a predetermined frictional force, and vibrates the lens holder with the optical axis. A piezoelectric actuator that moves in a direction and a pressing unit that presses a lens holder against the piezoelectric actuator are known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Similarly, as the lens driving device, the image sensor mounted on the substrate, the lens member for condensing subject light on the image sensor, and the relative position of the substrate and the lens member in the direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens member are shifted. A device having a so-called camera shake correction function including a shift driving member is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 2008-04-0076 A JP 2002-207148 A

  In the lens driving device, there is a strong demand for simplification and miniaturization of the device because it is mounted inside a mobile phone or the like. For example, a standard mobile imaging architecture (SMIA) standard is known as a standard for ultra-small integrated camera modules for mobile phones and the like. In addition, in the ultra-small integrated camera module, there is a strong demand for a high effective pixel count of the image sensor together with downsizing. In order to increase the number of effective pixels of the image sensor, it is necessary to increase the lens diameter accordingly.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a lens driving device that can be miniaturized and can support an imaging device having a high number of effective pixels.

  A lens driving device according to the present invention includes a base that has a rectangular shape in plan view, an imaging element that is disposed on the base, a lens that is disposed on the imaging element and has a rectangular shape in plan view, and holds the lens A lens driving unit having a holder and an actuator for moving the lens holder in the optical axis direction of the lens, a sensor unit arranged on the base and detecting the occurrence of camera shake, and at least one of an image sensor and a lens driving unit. An anti-shake drive unit that corrects camera shake by moving it, and an anti-shake control unit that is arranged on the base and controls the operation of the anti-shake drive unit so as to correct the shake based on the output from the sensor unit And the sensor unit and the camera shake correction control unit form a first corner of the base. The lens driving unit is positioned along the two sides, the lens driving unit is positioned near the second corner facing the first corner, and the lens holder is positioned near the second corner of the lens driving unit. It is characterized by being positioned closer to the fourth corner facing the corner of the third corner.

  In the lens driving device according to the present invention, the sensor unit and the camera shake correction control unit are respectively positioned along the two sides of the base, and the lens driving unit is located at the first corner formed by the two sides. Since it is located near the opposing second corner, the sensor unit, the camera shake correction control unit, and the lens driving unit are arranged in a compact manner. Thereby, size reduction of a lens drive device can be achieved.

  Further, since the lens holder is located closer to the fourth corner, the lens holder can be disposed near the center of the base. If it becomes possible to arrange the lens holder in the vicinity of the center of the base, compared to a configuration in which the lens holder is arranged at a position off the center of the base (for example, a position near the second corner), While setting a lens diameter large, the imaging area of an image pick-up element can be set large. For this reason, an increase in the number of effective pixels of the image sensor can be easily realized.

  Preferably, the actuator is a piezoelectric actuator. In this case, the lens driving device can be further reduced in size.

  More preferably, the camera shake correction drive unit corrects camera shake by moving the lens drive unit, and the piezoelectric actuator is positioned closer to the third corner of the lens drive unit. In this case, since the lens holder is located closer to the fourth corner, the piezoelectric actuator is located closer to the third corner, so that the center of gravity of the lens drive unit is the center of the lens drive unit. It will be located in the vicinity. For this reason, when the camera shake correction drive unit moves the lens drive unit, it is possible to appropriately perform camera shake correction without causing unnecessary resonance.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a lens driving device that can be miniaturized and can be used for an imaging device having a high number of effective pixels.

It is a top view which shows the lens drive device which concerns on this embodiment. It is a side view which shows the lens drive device which concerns on this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows a lens drive unit. It is a top view which shows a lens drive unit. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows a lens drive unit. It is a perspective view which shows the contact state of a piezoelectric actuator and a board | substrate. It is a schematic diagram which shows the mode at the time of the drive of a piezoelectric actuator. It is a functional block diagram regarding control for camera shake correction in the lens driving device according to the present embodiment.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements or elements having the same function, and redundant description is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the lens driving device 1 includes a base 3, an image sensor 5, a lens driving unit 10, a sensor unit 70, a camera shake correction drive unit 80, and a camera shake correction control unit 90. Yes. The lens driving device 1 is a device that drives a camera lens mounted on, for example, a mobile phone. The image sensor 5, the lens driving unit 10, the sensor unit 70, the camera shake correction drive unit 80, and the camera shake correction control unit 90 are accommodated in a space defined by the base 3 and a cover (not shown). The lens driving device 1 is adapted to the SMIA standard, and the planar shape is set to, for example, 8.5 mm × 8.5 m.

  The base 3 has a rectangular shape in plan view and has four corners 3a to 3d. In the present embodiment, the base 3 defines the outer shape of the lens driving device 1 in plan view. Accordingly, each of the corner portions 3 a to 3 d is also a corner portion of the lens driving device 1. Here, the rectangular shape includes not only a shape whose corner is a right angle but also a shape whose corner is chamfered as in the present embodiment.

  The image sensor 5 is a solid-state image sensor such as a CCD or a CMOS, for example, and generates and outputs an image signal by photoelectric conversion. The image pickup device 5 is mounted on the base 3 by being mounted on the base 3. The image sensor 5 is connected to wiring (not shown) provided on the base 3. The image signal output from the image sensor 5 is sent to a calculation unit, a storage unit, and the like (not shown) through wiring provided on the base 3.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the lens driving unit 10 includes a unit base 11, a lens holder 21, and a piezoelectric actuator unit described later.

  The unit base 11 has a bottom portion 12 in which a perfect circular opening is formed, and a side wall portion 13 erected from the bottom portion 12. The unit base 11 has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view and has four corners 11a to 11d. In the present embodiment, the bottom 12 defines the outer shape of the lens driving unit 10 in plan view. Accordingly, each of the corner portions 11 a to 11 d is also a corner portion of the lens driving unit 10. The side wall 13 is formed integrally with the bottom 12 and has an inner peripheral surface that is curved along the shape of the opening. The bottom portion 12 and the side wall portion 13 define a space for accommodating the lens holder 21. Here, the rectangular shape includes not only a shape whose corner is a right angle but also a shape whose corner is chamfered.

  A first shaft 14 and a second shaft 15 are erected on the bottom portion 12. The 1st shaft 14 and the 2nd shaft 15 are arrange | positioned in the diagonal position of the unit base 11 on both sides of opening. The first shaft 14 and the second shaft 15 have a perfect circular cross section. The axial directions of the first shaft 14 and the second shaft 15 are set parallel to the optical axis direction OA of the lens.

  The lens driving unit 10 is disposed above the image sensor 5 and is located closer to the corner 3 c on the base 3. That is, the lens driving unit 10 is located closer to the corner 3c in the diagonal direction connecting the corner 3a and the corner 3c of the base 3. The interval between the corner 3c and the corner 11c is shorter than the interval between the corner 3a and the corner 11a.

  The lens holder 21 has a cylindrical body portion 22 and is disposed in an accommodation space defined by the bottom portion 12 and the side wall portion 13. The trunk | drum 22 is exhibiting the cross-sectional perfect circle shape. A lens barrel LB housing a lens (not shown) is attached to the inside of the body portion 22. The lens holder 21 holds the lens when the lens barrel LB is attached. The lens held in the lens barrel LB is exposed through the opening formed in the bottom portion 12. The 1st shaft 14 and the 2nd shaft 15 will be arrange | positioned on both sides of the lens holder 21 (torso part 22).

  A shaft support portion 23 that supports the first shaft 14 and a shaft contact portion 24 that can come into contact with the second shaft 15 so as to project outward from the body portion 22 on the outer surface of the body portion 22. , Is provided. The body portion 22, the shaft support portion 23, and the shaft contact portion 24 are integrally formed. A through hole 23 a through which the first shaft 14 is inserted is formed in the shaft support portion 23. The cross-sectional shape of the through hole 23 a is a true circle corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the first shaft 14. The lens holder 21 is movable in the axial direction of the first shaft 14 (the optical axis direction OA of the lens) with the first shaft 14 inserted through the through hole 23 a and around the first shaft 14. It is supported so that it can swing.

  The shaft contact portion 24 is located at a position facing the shaft support portion 23 with the body portion 22 interposed therebetween. A notch groove 24 a corresponding to the second shaft 15 is formed in the shaft contact portion 24. The cutout groove 24a is substantially U-shaped when viewed from the axial direction of the second shaft 15 (the optical axis direction OA of the lens). As shown in FIG. The first shaft 14 extends substantially along the first direction L1 that connects the position of the first shaft 14 and the position of the second shaft 15.

  The second shaft 15 is inserted into the notch groove 24a. The shaft contact portion 24 has a space between the second shaft 15 and the second shaft 15 in the first direction L1 in the first direction L1 in a state where the second shaft 15 is inserted into the notch groove 24a. In the intersecting direction, the second shaft 15 abuts. Thus, the shaft contact portion 24 restricts the swing of the lens holder 21 around the first shaft 14 while allowing the lens holder 21 to move in the optical axis direction OA. That is, the shaft contact portion 24 regulates the swing of the lens holder 21 in cooperation with the second shaft 15.

  The lens holder 21 has a substrate 25 on which a friction portion 31 of a piezoelectric actuator 30 described later comes into contact. The substrate 25 is fixed to a substrate support portion 26 provided on the outer surface of the body portion 22 in the vicinity of the shaft support portion 23. Thereby, the substrate 25 substantially functions as a side surface of the lens holder 21.

  The lens holder 21 is located near the corner portion 11a facing the corner portion 11c of the lens driving unit 10 (unit base 11). That is, the lens holder 21 is located closer to the corner 11a in the diagonal direction connecting the corner 11a and the corner 11c of the lens driving unit 10. In the present embodiment, the lens holder 21 is positioned so that the center of the lens holder 21 (the optical axis of the lens) and the center of the base 3 substantially coincide with each other in plan view.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the piezoelectric actuator unit includes a piezoelectric actuator 30, a flexible substrate 40, and an elastic member (for example, a leaf spring) 50.

  The piezoelectric actuator 30 is a so-called laminated piezoelectric actuator, is disposed close to the first shaft 14, and is positioned at one corner of the unit base 11 (bottom portion 12). The piezoelectric actuator 30 is located near the corner portion 11c of the lens driving unit 10 (unit base 11).

  The piezoelectric actuator 30 has a plurality of (four in this embodiment) active portions A1 to A4 that expand and contract in accordance with the applied voltage value. On one surface side of the piezoelectric actuator 30, a plurality (two in the present embodiment) of friction portions 31 are arranged along the arrangement direction of the active portions A1 to A4. On the other surface side of the piezoelectric actuator 30, an external electrode 32, an external electrode 33, and a ground electrode 34 are provided corresponding to positions (node points) where expansion and contraction does not occur.

  As shown also in FIG. 6, each friction portion 31 has a substantially semi-cylindrical shape, is disposed apart from the optical axis direction OA of the lens, and extends in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis direction OA. The friction part 31 comes into contact indirectly with the side surface of the lens holder 21 by making contact with the substrate 25.

  The piezoelectric actuator 30 has two resonance modes when driven. Specifically, the piezoelectric actuator 30 includes a longitudinal vibration mode that vibrates in the longitudinal direction of the piezoelectric actuator 30 (first vibration mode) and a bending vibration mode in the thickness direction of the piezoelectric actuator 30 (second vibration mode). Vibrates due to the superposition of

  When the active portion A1 including the first internal electrode, the ground internal electrode, and the piezoelectric layer and the active portion A4 including the fourth internal electrode, the ground internal electrode, and the piezoelectric layer are driven, FIG. As shown in (a), one friction part 31 comes into contact with the substrate 25, and a frictional force is generated between the one friction part 31 and the substrate 25. The substrate 25 moves in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 7A due to the frictional force generated between the one friction part 31 and the substrate 25.

  On the other hand, when the active portion A2 composed of the second internal electrode, the ground internal electrode, and the piezoelectric layer and the active portion A3 composed of the third internal electrode, the ground internal electrode, and the piezoelectric layer are driven, FIG. 7 (b), the other friction part 31 comes into contact with the substrate 25, and a frictional force is generated between the other friction part 31 and the substrate 25. The substrate 25 moves in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 7B due to the frictional force generated between the other frictional portion 31 and the substrate 25.

  When the piezoelectric actuator 30 is driven by applying a voltage whose phase is shifted by 90 degrees to the external electrode 32 and the external electrode 33, an elliptical motion whose phase is shifted by 180 degrees is generated in the friction part 31, and alternately with the substrate 25 A frictional force acts between the two and the substrate 25 (lens holder 21) moves. That is, the friction part 31 of the piezoelectric actuator 30 drives the lens holder 21 along the optical axis direction OA of the lens.

  In the example shown in FIG. 7, when the length of the boundary portion of the piezoelectric element and the arrangement direction of the piezoelectric actuator 30 (the optical axis direction OA of the lens) is L, it is about 1/6 L from the end of the piezoelectric actuator. There are three node points N1, N2, and N3. The node point N1 is not displaced in the arrangement direction or thickness direction of the piezoelectric elements, and the node points N2 and N3 are displaced in the arrangement direction of the piezoelectric elements but not in the thickness direction.

  The external electrodes 32 and 33 have a rectangular shape, for example, and are spaced apart from each other so as to correspond to the central node point N1. The ground electrode 34 corresponds to the central node point N <b> 1 and is disposed between the external electrode 32 and the external electrode 33.

  The flexible substrate 40 is a so-called flexible printed circuit (FPC) and includes a film-like insulator 41 and a wiring portion 43 disposed on the insulator 41 as shown in FIG. Have. The wiring portion 43 includes wiring connected to the external electrodes 32 and 33 and the ground electrode 34 by soldering or the like. A part of the flexible substrate 40 is pulled out to the outside of the lens driving device 1.

  The flexible substrate 40 is positioned with respect to the unit base 11 and the lens holder 21 by being fixed to the bottom 12 by bonding or the like. The piezoelectric actuator 30 is mechanically fixed to the flexible substrate 40 by being mounted on the flexible substrate 40. The flexible substrate 40 defines a contact state between each friction portion 31 and the lens holder 21 (substrate 25).

  The elastic member 50 is disposed along the flexible substrate 40. The elastic member 50 is supported by a support portion that is erected on the bottom portion 12 at an intermediate portion thereof. One end of the elastic member 50 is fixed to the other surface of the piezoelectric actuator 30 (the surface on which the external electrodes 32 and 33 and the ground electrode 34 are provided) by bonding or the like. The position where the one end of the elastic member 50 is fixed is preferably a node point at which expansion and contraction of the piezoelectric element does not occur. However, in order to securely bond the one end of the elastic member 50 and the piezoelectric actuator 30, the node point is used. The position may deviate from. The other end portion of the elastic member 50 is fixed to a fixing portion erected on the bottom portion 12 by adhesion or the like. The support part and the elastic member 50 are not fixed.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the elastic member 50 is provided in a state of being elastically deformed so as to bend outward (in a direction away from the lens holder 21) as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. Therefore, the elastic member 50 presses the piezoelectric actuator 30 from the other surface side by using a reaction force generated by elastic deformation of the elastic member 50 as an urging force. That is, the elastic member 50 is provided by being bent so as to apply an urging force to the piezoelectric actuator 30 in a direction in which each friction portion 31 contacts the side surface (substrate 25) of the lens holder 21.

  Since the contact state between the piezoelectric actuator 30 (friction part 31) and the lens holder 21 (substrate 25) is defined by the flexible substrate 40, the elastic member 50 is attached to the piezoelectric actuator 30 so as to maintain the contact state. An energizing force will be given to it. The urging force (reaction force generated by elastic deformation of the elastic member 50) is directed toward the lens holder 21 (substrate 25) along the second direction L2 that intersects the first direction L1.

  The lens driving unit 10 further includes a position detection element 60 for detecting the position of the lens of the lens holder 21 in the optical axis direction OA. The position detection element 60 includes a light emitting element (for example, a light emitting diode) and a light receiving element (for example, a photodiode). The position detection element 60 is fixed to the unit base 11 by adhesion or the like. The unit base 11 has an opening corresponding to the position detection element 60.

  In the position detection element 60, the light emitted from the light emitting element passes through the opening and enters the reflecting plate 61 fixed to the outer surface of the lens holder 21, and the light reflected by the reflecting plate 61 passes through the opening again. It is incident on the light receiving element and detected. The position detection element 60 is mounted on the flexible substrate 40 and each terminal electrode is connected to the wiring portion 43 by soldering or the like. The wiring part 43 includes a wiring connected to each terminal electrode of the position detection element 60. An output signal of the position detection element 60 (light receiving element) is sent to a control unit (not shown) through the wiring portion 43. The control unit obtains the position of the lens in the optical axis direction OA from the output signal of the position detection element 60 based on a known method. The control unit outputs a drive signal, and this drive signal is input to the piezoelectric actuator 30 through the wiring portion 43.

  Again referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. The sensor unit 70 includes a substrate 71 and a gyro sensor 73 mounted on the substrate 71, and detects the occurrence of camera shake. The sensor unit 70 is arranged on the base 3 by mounting the substrate 71 on the base 3. The base 3 is provided with wiring (not shown) connected to the substrate 71. The sensor unit 70 (substrate 71) is located along one of the two sides forming the corner 3a of the base 3.

  The camera shake correction drive unit 80 is constituted by a so-called voice coil motor, and corrects camera shake by moving at least one of the image sensor 5 and the lens drive unit 10. In the present embodiment, the camera shake correction drive unit 80 moves the lens drive unit 10 relative to the image sensor 5 (base 3) along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis direction OA.

  The image stabilization drive unit 80 includes a pair of x-direction image stabilization magnets 81 disposed opposite to each other, a pair of y-direction image stabilization magnets 82 disposed opposite to each other, and a pair of x-direction image stabilization magnets 82 disposed opposite to each other. The camera has a directional camera shake correction coil 83 and a pair of y-direction camera shake correction coils 84 arranged to face each other. The x-direction camera shake correction magnet 81 and the y-direction camera shake correction magnet 82 are provided in the lens drive unit 10 so as to be along each side of the lens drive unit 10. The x-direction image stabilization coil 83 and the y-direction image stabilization coil 84 are provided on the unit base 85 so as to be along the sides of the unit base 85 that has a rectangular shape in plan view.

  The unit base 85 is positioned and fixed with respect to the base 3. An opening is formed in the unit base 85 at a position corresponding to the imaging element 5 and the lens holder 21. As shown in FIG. 2, the unit base 85 is connected to the lens driving unit 10 (unit base 11) by a suspension wire 87. The suspension wire 87 connects the unit base 85 and the lens driving unit 10 so as to be relatively movable, and is disposed at corners 11 a to 11 d of the lens driving unit 10.

  A signal current from the camera shake correction control unit 90 is supplied to each of the correction coils 83 and 84. Two sets of x-direction camera shake correction magnets 81 and x-direction camera shake correction coils 83 arranged so as to sandwich the image sensor 5 make the lens drive unit 10 in the x-axis direction with respect to the image sensor 5 (base 3). Move. Two sets of y-direction camera shake correction magnets 82 and y-direction camera shake correction coils 84 arranged so as to sandwich the image pickup device 5 make the lens driving unit 10 in the y-axis direction with respect to the image pickup device 5 (base 3). Move.

  The camera shake correction control unit 90 includes a substrate 91 and an arithmetic circuit unit 93 mounted on the substrate 91. As shown in FIG. 8, an output from the sensor unit 70 (gyro sensor 73) is output. Based on this, the operation of the camera shake correction control unit 90 is controlled so as to correct the camera shake. That is, the camera shake correction control unit 90 drives the camera shake correction drive unit 80 based on the output from the gyro sensor 73 to perform the camera shake correction operation.

  The camera shake correction control unit 90 is disposed on the base 3 by mounting the substrate 91 on the base 3. The base 3 is provided with wiring (not shown) connected to the substrate 91. The camera shake correction control unit 90 is connected to the sensor unit 70 and the camera shake correction drive unit 80 through wiring provided in the base 3. The camera shake correction control unit 90 (substrate 91) is positioned along the other side of the two sides forming the corner 3a of the base 3.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the sensor unit 70 and the camera shake correction control unit 90 are positioned along the two sides forming the corner 3a of the base 3, and the lens driving unit 10 is positioned at the corner 3a. Accordingly, the sensor unit 70, the camera shake correction control unit 90, and the lens driving unit 10 are arranged in a compact manner. Thereby, size reduction of the lens drive device 1 can be achieved.

  In the present embodiment, since the lens holder 21 is located near the corner portion 11 a of the lens driving unit 10, the lens holder 21 can be disposed near the center of the base 3. If the lens holder 21 can be disposed in the vicinity of the center of the base 3, it can be compared with a configuration in which the lens holder 21 is disposed at a position off the center of the base 3 (for example, a position near the corner 3c). Thus, the lens diameter can be set large, and the imaging area of the image sensor 5 can be set large. For this reason, the number of effective pixels of the image sensor 5 can be easily increased.

  In the present embodiment, a piezoelectric actuator 30 is employed as an actuator that drives the lens holder 21 along the optical axis direction OA of the lens. For this reason, it is possible to further reduce the size of the lens driving device 1.

  In the present embodiment, the piezoelectric actuator 30 is located closer to the corner portion 11 c in the lens driving unit 10. In this case, although the lens holder 21 is positioned closer to the corner portion 11a, the piezoelectric actuator 30 is positioned closer to the corner portion 11c, so that the center of gravity of the lens driving unit 10 is near the center of the lens driving unit 10. Will be located. For this reason, when the camera shake correction drive unit 80 moves the lens drive unit 10, it is possible to appropriately perform camera shake correction without causing unnecessary resonance.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not necessarily limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  In the present embodiment, the piezoelectric actuator 30 is employed as the actuator, but the employed actuator is not limited to this. For example, a voice coil motor may be adopted as the actuator.

  The present invention can be used for a lens driving device that drives a camera lens mounted on a mobile phone or the like.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lens drive device, 3 ... Base, 3a-3d ... Corner | angular part, 5 ... Imaging element, 10 ... Lens drive unit, 11a-11d ... Corner | angular part, 21 ... Lens holder, 30 ... Piezoelectric actuator, 40 ... Flexible substrate, 50: elastic member, 70: sensor unit, 80: camera shake correction drive unit, 90: camera shake correction control unit, OA: optical axis direction of the lens.

Claims (4)

A base that has a rectangular shape in plan view;
An image sensor disposed on the base;
A lens driving unit that is disposed on the image sensor and has a rectangular shape in plan view, and has a lens holder that holds the lens and an actuator that moves the lens holder in the optical axis direction of the lens;
A sensor unit that is disposed on the base and detects the occurrence of camera shake;
A camera shake correction drive unit that corrects camera shake by moving at least one of the image sensor and the lens drive unit;
An image stabilization control unit that is disposed on the base and controls the operation of the image stabilization drive unit so as to correct image stabilization based on an output from the sensor unit;
With
The base has a first corner and a second corner located diagonally to each other;
The lens driving unit has a third corner and a fourth corner located diagonally to each other,
With the sensor unit and the camera shake correction control unit are located respectively along the two sides forming the first corner of the base,
The lens driving unit is located closer to the second corner of the base so that the second corner and the third corner are close to each other ;
The lens driving device, wherein the lens holder is located near the fourth corner of the lens driving unit and is disposed near the center of the base.   The lens driving device according to claim 1, wherein the actuator is a piezoelectric actuator. The camera shake correction drive unit corrects camera shake by moving the lens drive unit;
The lens driving device according to claim 2, wherein the piezoelectric actuator is positioned closer to the third corner of the lens driving unit. The lens driving device according to claim 1, wherein the camera shake correction driving unit is located between the base and the lens driving unit.

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