JP5581786B2 - Fixing apparatus and image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Fixing apparatus and image forming apparatus Download PDF

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JP5581786B2
JP5581786B2 JP2010089534A JP2010089534A JP5581786B2 JP 5581786 B2 JP5581786 B2 JP 5581786B2 JP 2010089534 A JP2010089534 A JP 2010089534A JP 2010089534 A JP2010089534 A JP 2010089534A JP 5581786 B2 JP5581786 B2 JP 5581786B2
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recording paper
heating
fixing
unit
roller
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JP2011221238A (en
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祥宏 原田
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Ricoh Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、定着装置及び画像形成装置に関し、特に、電子写真方式を利用した画像形成装置の定着動作において好ましく適用される技術に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a fixing device and an image forming apparatus, and more particularly to a technique preferably applied in a fixing operation of an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic system.

電子写真方式を利用した画像形成装置では、記録紙に転写された未定着トナー像を定着させるための定着装置が搭載されている。定着装置は、例えば定着ローラと加圧ローラとで形成された定着ニップ部にトナー像が転写された記録紙を通過させることで記録紙上にトナー像を定着させる。   In an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic system, a fixing device for fixing an unfixed toner image transferred onto a recording sheet is mounted. The fixing device fixes the toner image on the recording paper by passing the recording paper on which the toner image is transferred to a fixing nip portion formed by, for example, a fixing roller and a pressure roller.

この種の定着装置においては、定着工程時に記録紙にしわが生じてしまうことがあった。そのため、特許文献1には、図6に示すように、駆動モータにより回転駆動する定着ローラ25における弾性層26の両端部の厚みを中央部よりも厚くして、定着ローラ25の形状について両端部よりも中央部が小径の所謂「逆クラウン形状」とした定着装置が記載されている。定着ローラ25の形状を逆クラウン形状にすることで、外径の大きい端部の周速が中央部に比べて速くなり、定着ニップの記録紙に紙幅方向外側に引っ張る力が働く。記録紙が、このような紙幅方向外側に引っ張る力を受けることで、しわの発生を抑制することができる。   In this type of fixing device, the recording paper may be wrinkled during the fixing process. Therefore, in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 6, the thickness of both ends of the elastic layer 26 in the fixing roller 25 that is rotationally driven by a drive motor is made thicker than the center, and the shape of the fixing roller 25 is determined at both ends. Further, a fixing device having a so-called “reverse crown shape” having a smaller diameter at the center is described. By making the shape of the fixing roller 25 into an inverted crown shape, the peripheral speed of the end portion having a large outer diameter becomes faster than that of the central portion, and a pulling force acts on the recording paper in the fixing nip outward in the paper width direction. When the recording paper receives such a force pulling outward in the paper width direction, generation of wrinkles can be suppressed.

しかしながら、定着ローラ25を逆クラウン形状にした場合、中央部のニップ圧が低下してしまい、中央部の定着性能が両端部に比べて低下してしまう。特に、記録紙として厚紙を用いた場合、中央部に定着不良が生じるおそれがあった。そこで、定着ローラ25の両端部の外径と中央部の外径との差を小さくし、中央部のニップ圧の低下を抑制し、中央部の定着性能の低下を抑制することも考えられる。しかし、この場合、定着ニップから定着ローラ25の回転中心までの距離が定着ローラ25の両端部と中央部とでほぼ同じなり、記録紙のしわを経時で抑制できなくなってしまうという問題があった。さらに、薄紙などのしわが生じやすい記録紙の場合は、十分にしわを抑制できないという問題もあった。   However, when the fixing roller 25 has an inverted crown shape, the nip pressure at the center portion is lowered, and the fixing performance at the center portion is lowered as compared with both end portions. In particular, when thick paper is used as the recording paper, there is a possibility that fixing failure may occur in the central portion. Therefore, it is also conceivable to reduce the difference between the outer diameter of both ends of the fixing roller 25 and the outer diameter of the central portion, suppress the decrease in the nip pressure in the central portion, and suppress the decrease in the fixing performance in the central portion. However, in this case, the distance from the fixing nip to the center of rotation of the fixing roller 25 is almost the same at both ends and the center of the fixing roller 25, and there is a problem that wrinkles of the recording paper cannot be suppressed over time. . Further, in the case of a recording paper such as thin paper which tends to cause wrinkles, there is a problem that wrinkles cannot be sufficiently suppressed.

そこで、本発明は、以上の問題点に鑑みなされたものであり、その目的は、幅広い紙種に対して、良好な定着性を実現するとともに、記録紙にしわが発生することを経時にわたって抑制できるようにすることである。   Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object thereof is to realize good fixability for a wide range of paper types and to suppress the generation of wrinkles on recording paper over time. Is to do so.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の一側面である定着装置は、転写された記録紙上のトナー像に対して加熱する加熱手段と、加熱手段との間で定着ニップを形成し、定着ニップを通過する記録紙に対して加圧する加圧手段と、加熱手段又は加圧手段を記録紙搬送方向と平行な面に沿って撓ませる撓み形成手段と、を有し、加熱手段又は加圧手段の軸芯部は、記録紙搬送方向に対して平行な方向と垂直な方向とで異なる剛性を有する。 In order to achieve the above object, a fixing device according to one aspect of the present invention forms a fixing nip between a heating unit that heats a toner image on a transferred recording paper, and the heating unit. and pressurizing means for pressurizing the recording sheet passing through a deflection forming means for bending the heating means or pressure means along the recording sheet conveyance direction and parallel to the plane, have a heating means or pressure means axis of the will have a different stiffness in the direction parallel to the direction perpendicular to the recording sheet conveyance direction.

本発明によれば、定着装置における加熱手段および加圧手段に撓みを持たせる機構を備え、定着装置を通過する記録紙にしわが発生しないよう撓み量を調整でき、また定着ニップのニップ幅を記録紙幅方向でほぼ一律に維持できることから、幅広い紙種に対して、良好な定着性を実現するとともに、記録紙にしわが発生することを経時にわたって抑制することが可能となる。   According to the present invention, the heating unit and the pressure unit in the fixing device are provided with a mechanism for bending, the amount of bending can be adjusted so that the recording paper passing through the fixing device does not wrinkle, and the nip width of the fixing nip is recorded. Since it can be maintained almost uniformly in the paper width direction, it is possible to achieve good fixability over a wide range of paper types and to suppress wrinkling of the recording paper over time.

本発明の実施形態に係る定着装置の概略構成図である。1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る定着装置の定着ニップ周辺における側面図(記録紙搬送方向から見た図)である。FIG. 3 is a side view of the fixing device according to the embodiment of the present invention in the vicinity of the fixing nip (viewed from the recording paper conveyance direction). 本発明の実施形態に係る定着装置の定着ニップ周辺における上面図(装置上部から見た図)である。FIG. 3 is a top view (viewed from the upper part of the apparatus) around the fixing nip of the fixing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る定着装置の加熱ローラおよび加圧ローラの断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a heating roller and a pressure roller of the fixing device according to the embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態において定着ニップでの用紙に働く力およびニップ幅を説明するための図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a force and a nip width acting on a sheet at a fixing nip in the embodiment of the present invention. 従来の定着ローラを示した図である。FIG. 10 is a view showing a conventional fixing roller.

以下、本発明の実施形態について図面に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図1は本実施形態の定着装置の外観および制御ブロックを示した概略構成図であり、図2は定着ニップ周辺を記録紙搬送方向から見た図、図3は定着ニップ周辺を定着装置上部から見た図、図4は加熱ローラおよび加圧ローラの断面図である。   FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an appearance and a control block of a fixing device according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a view of the periphery of the fixing nip as viewed from the recording paper conveyance direction, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the heating roller and the pressure roller.

本実施形態の定着装置1は、電子写真方式を利用した画像形成装置に搭載される装置で、加熱手段たる加熱ローラ2、加圧手段たる加圧ローラ3、駆動ローラ4からなり、加熱ローラ2に加圧ローラ3が、加圧ローラ3に駆動ローラ4がそれぞれ圧接するように設けられている。加熱ローラ2および加圧ローラ3は、金属とシリコンゴムなどの弾性体からなる芯金部5と、芯金部を囲んで設けられたシリコンゴムなどからなる円筒状の弾性層17、18とによって構成されている。   The fixing device 1 according to the present embodiment is a device mounted on an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic system, and includes a heating roller 2 as a heating unit, a pressure roller 3 as a pressing unit, and a driving roller 4. The pressure roller 3 is provided so that the driving roller 4 is in pressure contact with the pressure roller 3. The heating roller 2 and the pressure roller 3 are composed of a metal core 5 made of an elastic body such as metal and silicon rubber, and cylindrical elastic layers 17 and 18 made of silicon rubber or the like provided so as to surround the metal core. It is configured.

加熱ローラ2および加圧ローラ3の断面は図4のように構成されており、軸芯は金属21が弾性体22で挟まれた構成となっており、軸芯全体としては円柱状の形状となっている。上記軸芯の外周には円筒状の弾性層17が回転自在に配置されている。加熱ローラ2および加圧ローラ3において芯金部5(金属部21、弾性体22)と周囲の弾性層17の間には潤滑剤23が塗布されており、また、弾性層の外側には金属薄膜16が巻かれている。   The cross section of the heating roller 2 and the pressure roller 3 is configured as shown in FIG. 4, and the shaft core has a structure in which a metal 21 is sandwiched between elastic bodies 22, and the entire shaft core has a cylindrical shape. It has become. A cylindrical elastic layer 17 is rotatably disposed on the outer periphery of the shaft core. In the heating roller 2 and the pressure roller 3, a lubricant 23 is applied between the cored bar 5 (metal part 21, elastic body 22) and the surrounding elastic layer 17, and a metal is placed outside the elastic layer. A thin film 16 is wound.

さらに、加熱ローラ2および加圧ローラ3には、図3に示すように撓み形成手段たる撓み量調整機構19が当接しており、これとは別の図2に示す押し付け力調整機構13により定着ニップを形成する。各ローラの芯金部の両端は、用紙搬送方向については固定の軸受け15a、15bを介して、装置本体の不図示の側壁に取り付けられている。   Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the heating roller 2 and the pressure roller 3 are in contact with a bending amount adjusting mechanism 19 serving as a bending forming means. The pressing force adjusting mechanism 13 shown in FIG. Form a nip. Both ends of the cored bar portion of each roller are attached to side walls (not shown) of the apparatus main body via fixed bearings 15a and 15b in the paper transport direction.

図3に示すように、加熱ローラ2および加圧ローラ3の撓み量調整機構19のプランジャ20を、用紙搬送方向Aとは反対側へ移動させていくと、各ローラは軸受け15aを支点として2点削線Bに示すように用紙搬送方向Aへ撓む。撓み量調整機構19のプランジャ20の移動量が増加すると、加熱ローラ2および加圧ローラ3の撓み量が増加するので、撓み量調整機構19のプランジャ20の移動量を制御することにより、各ローラの撓み量を制御することができる。すなわち、本実施形態においては、撓み量調整機構19が撓み形成手段として機能する。   As shown in FIG. 3, when the plunger 20 of the deflection adjustment mechanism 19 of the heating roller 2 and the pressure roller 3 is moved to the side opposite to the paper transport direction A, each roller is moved to the bearing 2 with the bearing 15a as a fulcrum. As indicated by the point cutting line B, it bends in the paper transport direction A. When the movement amount of the plunger 20 of the bending amount adjusting mechanism 19 increases, the bending amount of the heating roller 2 and the pressure roller 3 increases. Therefore, by controlling the moving amount of the plunger 20 of the bending amount adjusting mechanism 19, each roller is controlled. Can be controlled. That is, in this embodiment, the bending amount adjusting mechanism 19 functions as a bending forming unit.

また、図4に示すように、各ローラが撓みを持つ状態で加熱ローラの押し付け力調整機構13のプランジャ14を加圧ローラ側へ移動させることで定着ニップを形成する。   Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the fixing nip is formed by moving the plunger 14 of the pressing force adjusting mechanism 13 of the heating roller toward the pressure roller while each roller is bent.

加熱手段たる加熱ローラ2は、不図示の電磁誘導加熱器により表面の金属層16が加熱される。   As for the heating roller 2 which is a heating means, the metal layer 16 on the surface is heated by an electromagnetic induction heater (not shown).

図5は、定着ニップでの用紙幅方向へ働く力の向きを示している。図5(a)に示すように、加熱ローラ2および加圧ローラ3に撓みを持たせた場合、各ローラがニップ内で用紙Pを搬送しようとする力は図5(b)の矢印の向きになる。用紙幅方向へ働く力は外向きとなるため定着ニップ24内では、用紙の幅方向両端部が外側へ引っ張られるため、用紙のしわは発生しにくくなる。   FIG. 5 shows the direction of the force acting in the sheet width direction at the fixing nip. As shown in FIG. 5A, when the heating roller 2 and the pressure roller 3 are bent, the force with which each roller tries to convey the paper P in the nip is the direction of the arrow in FIG. become. Since the force acting in the paper width direction is outward, both ends of the paper in the width direction are pulled outward in the fixing nip 24, so that paper wrinkles are less likely to occur.

また、ニップ幅24は、図5(c)に示すとおり、記録紙幅方向に対してほぼ均一となる。加熱ローラ2および加圧ローラ3の撓み量を大きくすると中央部でのニップ幅24は端部より狭くなり不均一となるが、加熱ローラ2および加圧ローラ3の実用上の撓み量におけるニップ幅24は、逆クラウン形状のローラのニップ幅と比較すると、不均一の程度は無視できるほど小さい。このため、記録紙幅方向について一様な定着性能を持たせることができる。   Further, the nip width 24 is substantially uniform in the recording paper width direction as shown in FIG. When the deflection amount of the heating roller 2 and the pressure roller 3 is increased, the nip width 24 at the center portion becomes narrower than the end portion and becomes non-uniform. However, the nip width in the practical deflection amount of the heating roller 2 and the pressure roller 3. 24 is so small that the degree of non-uniformity is negligible compared to the nip width of the reverse crown roller. For this reason, uniform fixing performance can be provided in the recording paper width direction.

また、加熱ローラ2および加圧ローラ3の撓み量は、記録紙の性質に応じてしわの発生しない必要最低限の量にするのが好ましい。さらに、加熱ローラ2および加圧ローラ3の経時劣化に起因するしわの発生を抑制する必要がある。そこで、図1の表示部9に出力された撓み量と実際に本画像形成装置で出力した画像を比較して、図1の操作部8により各ローラの撓み量を調整する。   Further, it is preferable that the deflection amount of the heating roller 2 and the pressure roller 3 is set to a minimum necessary amount that does not cause wrinkles according to the properties of the recording paper. Furthermore, it is necessary to suppress the generation of wrinkles due to the temporal deterioration of the heating roller 2 and the pressure roller 3. Therefore, the deflection amount output to the display unit 9 in FIG. 1 is compared with the image actually output by the image forming apparatus, and the deflection amount of each roller is adjusted by the operation unit 8 in FIG.

本実施形態では、上述したように、定着装置における加熱ローラおよび加圧ローラに撓みを持たせる撓み量調整機構を備えているので、定着装置を通過する記録紙にしわが発生しないよう撓み量を調整することができる。具体的には以下のとおりである。   In the present embodiment, as described above, since the bend amount adjusting mechanism is provided to bend the heating roller and the pressure roller in the fixing device, the bend amount is adjusted so that wrinkles are not generated on the recording paper passing through the fixing device. can do. Specifically, it is as follows.

定着ニップ内で記録紙に幅方向内側に引っ張る力が働くなどすると、記録紙の定着ニップより後方にうねりが生じ、記録紙はうねりを生じたままの状態で定着ニップへ進入する。ここで、定着ニップ内で働く幅方向内側の力が大きければこのうねりも大きくなり、力が小さいまたは外側への力であれば発生するうねりは僅かとなる。そして、記録紙の定着ニップより後方に生じるうねりが大きければ、定着ニップを通過後に記録紙にしわが発生する確率は高くなるが、うねりが僅かであれば記録紙にしわが生じる確率は低い。したがって、しわが発生しないようにするには定着装置における加熱ローラおよび加圧ローラに撓みを持たせ、記録紙を搬送させると同時に幅方向外側へ引っ張る力を与えればよいことになる。   When a pulling force is applied to the recording paper in the width direction inside the fixing nip, undulation occurs behind the fixing nip of the recording paper, and the recording paper enters the fixing nip with the undulation occurring. Here, if the force in the width direction working in the fixing nip is large, the undulation will be large, and if the force is small or outward, the undulation will be small. If the waviness generated behind the fixing nip of the recording paper is large, the probability that the recording paper will be wrinkled after passing through the fixing nip is high, but if the waviness is small, the probability that the recording paper is wrinkled is low. Therefore, in order to prevent the generation of wrinkles, the heating roller and the pressure roller in the fixing device should be bent so that the recording paper is conveyed and at the same time a pulling force is given to the width direction.

また、仮に撓み量調整機構により撓み量を大きくしても、逆クラウン形状の定着ローラ等において見られる局所的なニップ圧の低下は生じない。さらに、加熱ローラおよび加圧ローラの撓みの曲率が大き過ぎなければ定着ニップのニップ幅は記録紙幅方向でほぼ一律となる。   Further, even if the deflection amount is increased by the deflection amount adjusting mechanism, the local nip pressure drop seen in the reverse crown fixing roller or the like does not occur. Furthermore, if the curvatures of deflection of the heating roller and the pressure roller are not too large, the nip width of the fixing nip is substantially uniform in the recording paper width direction.

このように、本実施形態によれば、加熱ローラまたは加圧ローラの撓み量を制御することによって、記録紙にしわが発生しない必要最低限の撓み量にすることができ、定着ニップのニップ幅を極力均一に保ったまま、すなわち、記録紙幅方向で均一な定着性を保ちながら記録紙のしわが発生するのを抑制することができる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, by controlling the deflection amount of the heating roller or the pressure roller, it is possible to obtain the minimum deflection amount that does not cause wrinkles on the recording paper, and the nip width of the fixing nip can be reduced. It is possible to suppress wrinkling of the recording paper while maintaining the uniformity as much as possible, that is, while maintaining uniform fixability in the recording paper width direction.

なお、上述する実施形態は、本発明の好適な実施形態であり、上記実施形態のみに本発明の範囲を限定するものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の変更を施した形態での実施が可能である。   The above-described embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment alone, and various modifications are made without departing from the gist of the present invention. Implementation is possible.

1 定着ローラ
2 加熱ローラ
3 加圧ローラ
4 駆動ローラ
5 ローラ芯金
6 撓み量調整機構
7 電源
8 操作部
9 表示部
10 制御部
11 加熱ローラ芯金
12 加圧ローラ芯金
13 押し付け力調整機構
14 押し付け力調整機構プランジャ
15a 加熱ローラ芯金軸受け
15b 加圧ローラ芯金軸受け
16 金属薄膜
17 加熱ローラ弾性層
18 加圧ローラ弾性層
19 撓み量調整機構
20 撓み量調整機構プランジャ
21 芯金金属部
22 芯金弾性体部
23 潤滑剤
24 定着ニップ
25 逆クラウン形状定着ローラ
26 逆クラウン形状定着ローラ弾性体部
P 記録紙
A 記録紙搬送方向
B 定着ローラ撓み形状
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fixing roller 2 Heating roller 3 Pressure roller 4 Drive roller 5 Roller metal 6 Deflection amount adjustment mechanism 7 Power supply 8 Operation part 9 Display part 10 Control part 11 Heating roller metal 12 Pressure roller metal 13 Pressing force adjustment mechanism 14 Pushing force adjusting mechanism plunger 15a Heating roller mandrel bearing 15b Pressure roller mandrel bearing 16 Metal thin film 17 Heating roller elastic layer 18 Pressure roller elastic layer 19 Deflection amount adjusting mechanism 20 Deflection amount adjusting mechanism plunger 21 Mandrel metal part 22 Core Gold elastic body portion 23 Lubricant 24 Fixing nip 25 Reverse crown shaped fixing roller 26 Reverse crown shape fixing roller elastic body portion P Recording paper A Recording paper transport direction B Fixing roller bending shape

特開平05−040428号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-040428

Claims (5)

転写された記録紙上のトナー像に対して加熱する加熱手段と、
前記加熱手段との間で定着ニップを形成し、前記定着ニップを通過する前記記録紙に対して加圧する加圧手段と、
前記加熱手段又は前記加圧手段を記録紙搬送方向と平行な面に沿って撓ませる撓み形成手段と、
を有し、
前記加熱手段又は前記加圧手段の軸芯部は、記録紙搬送方向に対して平行な方向と垂直な方向とで異なる剛性を有することを特徴とする定着装置。
Heating means for heating the toner image on the transferred recording paper;
A pressurizing unit that forms a fixing nip with the heating unit and pressurizes the recording paper passing through the fixing nip;
Bend forming means for bending the heating means or the pressurizing means along a plane parallel to the recording paper conveyance direction;
I have a,
The axis of the heating means or the pressing means, the fixing device characterized in that it have a different stiffness in the direction parallel to the direction perpendicular to the recording sheet conveyance direction.
転写された記録紙上のトナー像に対して加熱する加熱手段と、
前記加熱手段との間で定着ニップを形成し、前記定着ニップを通過する前記記録紙に対して加圧する加圧手段と、
前記加熱手段又は前記加圧手段を記録紙搬送方向と平行な面に沿って撓ませる撓み形成手段と、を有し、
前記撓み形成手段は、前記加熱手段又は前記加圧手段への押圧量に基づいて、前記加熱手段又は前記加圧手段の撓み量を制御することを特徴とする定着装置
Heating means for heating the toner image on the transferred recording paper;
A pressurizing unit that forms a fixing nip with the heating unit and pressurizes the recording paper passing through the fixing nip;
Bending means for bending the heating means or the pressurizing means along a plane parallel to the recording paper conveyance direction,
The fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the deflection forming unit controls a deflection amount of the heating unit or the pressing unit based on a pressing amount to the heating unit or the pressing unit .
前記撓み形成手段は、前記加熱手段又は前記加圧手段の軸芯部の両端を記録紙搬送方向と平行な方向に押圧することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の定着装置。 3. The fixing device according to claim 1, wherein the bend forming unit presses both ends of an axial core portion of the heating unit or the pressurizing unit in a direction parallel to a recording paper conveyance direction. 前記撓み形成手段は、記録紙の種類に基づいて、前記加熱手段又は前記加圧手段への押圧量を制御することを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の定着装置。 Wherein the deflection forming means, based on the type of recording paper, a fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that to control the pressing amount to the heating means or the pressing means. 請求項1からのいずれか1項に記載の定着装置を搭載したことを特徴とする画像形成装置。 Image forming apparatus characterized by mounting the fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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