JP5578605B2 - Wall greening panel - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention mainly relates to a wall greening panel for a vegetation base used for planting a plant on a wall surface that is an inclined surface or a vertical surface such as an outer wall of a building, an indoor wall, or a wall of a building.

  The most common structure for planting a plant wall surface is a structure in which a large number of flower pots are fixed to the wall surface at a predetermined interval and plants are planted in the flower pot. This structure has disadvantages that a flowerpot protrudes from the wall surface and that it takes time to irrigate each flowerpot. A wall greening panel has been developed in which this disadvantage is solved and plants are planted on a flat wall. (See Patent Documents 1 and 2)

  As shown in FIG. 1, the wall greening panel of Patent Document 1 is provided with a first gap 81 and a second gap 82 inside, and a plurality of leads connected to the first gap 81 or the second gap 82 on the surface. The hollow base body 80 provided with the through hole 83 is provided. The plant S is planted so that the root side is housed in the first gap 81 and the tip side is inserted into the through hole 83 and protrudes from the surface of the base body 80. Further, in this wall surface greening panel, the plant S is planted in the first gap 81 as a greening portion 85, and the second gap 82 is used as the sound absorbing portion 86. A long mat member 84 is fixed to the greening portion 85, and the roots of the plant S are planted on the mat member 84. The mat member 84 is obtained by laminating a mesh sheet on a nonwoven fabric, and is planted on the mat member 84 in a state where the roots of the plant S are sandwiched between the nonwoven fabric and the mesh sheet.

  Furthermore, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, the wall greening panel of Patent Document 2 is a porous in which a water retention mat 91 having a large water retention capacity is fixed to a wall surface with anchor bolts 92 and plants S are planted on the surface of the water retention mat 91. The greening base 93 made of concrete is overlapped, and the four corners of the wire mesh 96 covering the surface of the greening base 93 are fixed to the wall 90 with anchor bolts 97, and the greening base 93 is attached so as to be pressed against the water retaining mat 91. An irrigation pipe 94 having a large number of drip holes 95 is provided along the upper edge of the water retention mat 91, and the irrigation pipe 94 supplies water to the greening base 93 through the water retention mat 91.

JP 10-248393 A JP 2002-77 A

  The wall greening panels shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 have drawbacks that it takes time to plant plants and that it is difficult to irrigate the planted plants in an ideal state. In particular, the wall greening panel of FIG. 1 is planted in a mat material in which the roots of plants are fixed in the internal space, and is cultivated by passing through the surface through-holes. There is. Furthermore, when the planted plants are depleted, there is a drawback that planting new seedlings is more laborious. Since the wall greening panel of FIG. 2 is planted in porous concrete, there are disadvantages that the plant cannot grow in an ideal environment and that it takes time to plant.

  The present invention has been developed for the purpose of solving this drawback. An important object of the present invention is to provide a wall greening panel in which plants can be planted easily and easily while having an extremely light and compact structure, and can be irrigated in an ideal environment.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

The wall greening panel of claim 1 of the present invention has innumerable fine continuous voids that realize water permeability and water retention, and has a vertical planting having a holding strength for holding the plant S to be planted in place. Layer 1 is provided. The vertical planting layer 1 is provided with a plurality of planting holding holes 2 that are open on the front surface and plant and hold the plant S, and a water guide diffusion sheet 7 that diffuses water over the entire surface by capillary action. Yes. The water guide diffusion sheet 7 has a protruding piece 7A drawn out of the vertical planting layer 1 and diffuses water supplied to the protruding piece 7A to the vertical planting layer 1 to plant the vertical planting layer 1. Water is supplied to the roots of the plant S planted in the attached holding hole 2.

  The wall greening panel described above has the feature that it can be irrigated in an ideal environment by planting plants easily and easily while having a very light and compact structure. In particular, the above-mentioned wall greening panel has a water diffusion sheet laminated and diffuses water over the entire surface of the vertical planting layer through the water diffusion sheet, and the diffused water is infinitely fine in the vertical planting layer. Since it is supplied to the root of the plant through the gap, the root of the plant planted in the planting holding hole has a characteristic that it can be irrigated in an ideal state. In addition, while the vertical planting layer is placed perpendicular to the wall surface, water can be evenly diffused over the entire surface of the vertical planting layer and all the plants planted in the planting hole can be grown in an ideal state. Is realized.

In the wall greening panel according to claim 2 of the present invention, the vertical planting layer 1 includes any one of a fiber mat layer 10 in which fibers are three-dimensionally assembled to have a predetermined thickness and a plastic foam layer having open cells. Have.
A vertical planting layer having a fiber mat layer is characterized in that it can irrigate the planted plant roots in an ideal state while stably holding the planted plant in place. In particular, there is a feature that water is replenished very smoothly from a non-woven fabric water diffusion sheet. That is, in the structure in which the water diffusion sheet is laminated as a nonwoven fabric and the vertical planting layer is a fiber mat layer, the fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric of the water diffusion sheet and the fibers constituting the fiber mat layer are mutually connected. This is because the water which is entangled and bonded in an ideal state and which is between the fibers of the water guide diffusion sheet smoothly moves between the fibers of the fiber mat layer.
Further, the wall greening panel in which the vertical planting layer has a plastic foam layer has a feature that the manufacturing cost of the vertical planting layer can be reduced and the wall surface can be greened at a low cost.

In the wall greening panel according to claim 3 of the present invention, the water diffusion sheet 7 is laminated in the middle of the vertical planting layer 1 .
Since the wall greening panel described above has a water-conducting diffusion sheet laminated inside the vertical planting layer, water is supplied to the vertical planting layer laminated on both sides of the water-conducting diffusion sheet, and the entire vertical planting layer is It has the feature that it can be uniformly irrigated.

In the wall greening panel according to the first aspect of the present invention, the vertical planting layer 1 has a bottom plate portion 15 that closes the bottom surface 2A of the planting holding hole 2, and the water guide diffusion sheet 7 is laminated on the bottom plate portion 15. To do.
In this wall greening panel, since the water guide diffusion sheet is laminated on the bottom plate portion that closes the bottom surface of the planting holding hole, it is not necessary to open a through hole for allowing the root of the plant to pass through the water guide diffusion sheet. For this reason, the area of the water guide diffusion sheet is widened, and the supplied water is diffused throughout the wide water guide diffusion sheet to uniformly irrigate the entire vertical planting layer. In particular, the water diffusion sheet laminated on the bottom of the planting holding hole can effectively supply water to the bottom of the planting holding hole and efficiently replenish the root of the plant planted in the planting holding hole. .

In the wall greening panel according to claim 3 of the present invention, the vertical planting layer 1 has the back layer 6 laminated on the back surface of the water guide diffusion sheet 7 .

  In the wall surface greening panel of the present invention, the water guide diffusion sheet 7 can be a non-woven fabric formed by three-dimensionally gathering fibers.

In the wall surface greening panel according to claim 5 of the present invention, the fiber mat layer 10 is composed of a laminate of a plurality of fiber mats 11, and the water guide diffusion sheet 7 is laminated between the plurality of fiber mats 11 or on the back surface .
Since the wall greening panel is formed by laminating a plurality of fiber mats to form a fiber mat layer, the thickness of the fiber mat layer can be easily adjusted by variously changing the number of fiber mats to be laminated. Therefore, a fiber mat layer having an optimal thickness can be easily and easily manufactured according to the installation conditions and installation environment of the wall greening panel, the type of plant to be grown, and the like. Further, the structure in which the water conveyance diffusion sheets are laminated between the plurality of fiber mats can effectively supply water to the fiber mats laminated on both sides of the water conveyance diffusion sheet, so that the entire fiber mat layer can be uniformly irrigated. Further, the structure in which the water guide diffusion sheet is laminated on the back surface of the plurality of fiber mats is effectively planted in the planting holding hole by effectively supplying water to the back side of the fiber mat layer, that is, the bottom of the planting holding hole. Can efficiently supply water to the roots of plants.

The wall surface greening panel according to claim 5 of the present invention is formed by laminating a plurality of fiber mats 11 in a non-adhered state .
This wall greening panel laminates a plurality of fiber mats without adhering a plurality of fiber mats, that is, without providing an adhesive layer on the boundary surface between each other. This does not prevent the diffusion of water. For this reason, there is no suppression of root growth by the adhesive layer, and there is a feature that the water can be smoothly transferred and the plant can be grown in a preferable environment.

In the wall surface greening panel according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of fiber mats 11 can be fixed by a fixing sheet 5 formed by adhering to the outer peripheral surface.
In this wall surface greening panel, the outer peripheral surfaces of a plurality of fiber mats are bonded to each other with a fixing sheet to form a fiber mat layer, so that the plurality of fiber mats can be easily and easily connected to each other in a laminated state. Furthermore, since this wall greening panel adheres the fixing sheet to the outer peripheral surface of the fiber mat layer composed of a plurality of fiber mats, the plant roots are exposed outward from the outer peripheral surface of the fiber mat layer while making the wall greening panel have a clean appearance. Stretching can be suppressed with a fixed sheet.

The wall surface greening panel according to claim 7 of the present invention is such that the fiber mat layer 10 is provided on the fiber mat 11 formed by laminating the lower inner surface 12A of the through hole 12 of the fiber mat 11 laminated on the front surface. The planting holding hole 2 can be provided above the lower inner surface 12 </ b> A of the through-hole 12.
In this wall greening panel, the lower inner surface of the through hole is arranged upward from the back side to the front side of the laminated fiber mat, so that the planting holding hole of the fiber mat layer is substantially directed from the back side to the front side. The plant that is provided upwards and is inserted into the planting holding hole and planted can be stably held so as not to fall from the planting holding hole. In particular, this fiber mat layer can be easily planted and retained by forming through holes in a plurality of fiber mats that are laminated before and after and laminating while shifting the position of the lower inner surface of these through holes. Can be provided upward. Further, the planting holding holes can be inclined upwardly toward the front surface in a state where a plurality of fiber mats are stacked while providing the planting holding holes vertically in each of the laminated fiber mat layers. For this reason, a planting holding hole can be easily provided in the fiber mat layer with a Thomson blade or the like.

The wall greening panel according to claim 8 of the present invention covers the outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer 1 with the fixing sheet 5, and between the fixing sheet 5 and the outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer 1. The protruding piece 7A is folded and stored, the fixed sheet 5 is cut out, and the protruding piece 7A of the water guide diffusion sheet 7 is pulled out from the vertical planting layer 1 .
When this wall greening panel is installed on a wall, etc., the fixed sheet is cut out and the protruding piece of the water diffusion sheet is pulled out from the vertical planting layer. When not in use, the outer surface of the vertical planting layer is covered with the fixed sheet. As a result, the protruding piece can be protected while maintaining a clean appearance in which the protruding piece does not protrude. Furthermore, at the time of installation, the projecting piece of the water guide diffusion sheet can be pulled out freely by adjusting the position and range of cutting the fixed sheet.

The wall greening panel of the present invention can incline the planting holding hole 2 of the vertical planting layer 1 in an upward gradient toward the front surface.
This wall greening panel has a feature that can stably hold a plant inserted and planted in a planting holding hole so as not to fall from the planting holding hole.

  The wall greening panel according to the present invention is provided with a water supply rod 9 that the vertical planting layer 1 pulls out the protruding piece 7A on the lower surface and immerses the protruding piece 7A to replenish water, and is supplied to the water supply rod 9. Water can be absorbed by the water guide diffusion sheet 7 and diffused over the entire surface of the vertical planting layer 1.

It is a perspective view of the conventional wall surface greening panel. It is sectional drawing of the other conventional wall surface greening panel. It is a perspective view of the wall surface greening panel concerning one Example of this invention. It is the bottom perspective view which looked at the wall surface greening panel shown in FIG. 3 from the lower side. It is the VV sectional view taken on the wall greening panel shown in FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view of the wall surface greening panel shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which planted the plant on the wall surface greening panel shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which greens a wall surface with the wall surface greening panel shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the wall surface greening panel concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the wall surface greening panel shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which planted the plant on the wall surface greening panel shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the wall surface greening panel concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the wall surface greening panel shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which planted the plant on the wall surface greening panel shown in FIG. It is a bottom perspective view which shows the state which assembled the wall surface greening panel shown in FIG. It is a bottom perspective view which shows the use condition of the wall surface greening panel shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the wall surface greening panel concerning the other Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the wall surface greening panel concerning the other Example of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which plants a plant on the wall surface greening panel shown in FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the Example shown below illustrates the wall surface greening panel for materializing the technical idea of this invention, and this invention does not specify a wall surface greening panel to the following.

  Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the scope of claims, numbers corresponding to the members shown in the examples are indicated in the “claims” and “means for solving problems” sections. It is added to the members. However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members in the embodiments.

  The wall greening panel shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 has a vertical planting layer 1 having innumerable continuous voids that realize water permeability and water retention, and having a holding strength for holding the plant S to be planted in place. It has. The vertical planting layer 1 is provided with a plurality of planting holding holes 2 that are open on the front surface and plant and hold the plant S, and a water guide diffusion sheet 7 that diffuses water over the entire surface by capillary action. Yes. As shown in FIG. 8, the wall greening panel is fixed in a posture perpendicular to the wall surface 30 of the building, or fixed in a posture perpendicular to a fence or a wire mesh, and planted in the planting holding hole 2. To grow the wall 30 green. However, although the wall greening panel is not shown, it can be installed in a posture slightly inclined from the vertical posture.

  The vertical planting layer 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a fiber mat layer 10, a water guide diffusion sheet 7, and a back layer 6, in which fibers are gathered three-dimensionally to have a predetermined thickness. doing. The vertical planting layer 1 having the fiber mat layer 10 realizes water permeability and water retention by fine voids formed between three-dimensionally aggregated fibers. However, the vertical planting layer can also have a plastic foam layer with open cells. The plastic foam layer is formed by foaming plastic into a state having fine open cells, and achieves water permeability and water retention by the fine open cells. Although this vertical planting layer is not shown, the plastic foam layer having open cells, the water guide diffusion sheet, and the back layer are laminated and connected to each other. Furthermore, the vertical planting layer may have a laminate of a fiber mat layer and a plastic foam layer. The vertical planting layer 1 having a fiber mat layer 10 and a plastic foam layer that realize water permeability and water retention is stored while allowing water supplied from the outside to permeate, and is planted in a planting holding hole 2 that is opened on the front surface. The plant S is grown by supplying water to the roots of the plant S.

  The fiber mat layer 10 is a state in which the waste fibers separated from the waste waste of the woven fabric braided with synthetic fibers are three-dimensionally assembled and pressed with a predetermined pressure to form innumerable voids between the waste fibers. In this case, the intersections of the waste fibers are bonded with a binder. The fiber mat layer 10 is manufactured by effectively using waste waste, which is a piece of woven fabric generated in a large amount at a sewing factory. Waste cloth waste can be opened and processed into fibers. However, it goes without saying that the fiber mat layer can contain not only fibers opened from waste waste but also virgin fibers. In the fiber opening, for example, waste waste of the woven fabric is pulled from the surface with a needle and processed into a fiber shape. However, the present invention does not specify a method for separating waste waste into fibers. As a method for processing waste waste into waste fiber, all methods currently used or developed in the future can be used.

  The fiber mat layer 10 uses waste waste of woven fabric containing synthetic fibers. As the synthetic fiber contained in the waste waste, a polyester synthetic fiber, for example, Tetoron (registered trademark) is suitable. Polyester synthetic fibers are tough, rich in durability, and excellent in chemical resistance, so that they can be used stably for a long period of time. Therefore, the waste waste preferably contains 50% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, and most preferably 80% by weight or more of polyester-based synthetic fiber. However, synthetic waste such as polyamide synthetic fibers and polyacrylic synthetic fibers, or natural fibers can be used as the waste waste.

  The waste fibers separated into fibers are gathered to a predetermined thickness without directivity so that the directions of the fibers are not aligned. In the fiber mat layer in which the intersections of the fibers are bonded with a binder, binder fibers are added in order to bond the waste fibers. A polyester fiber having a low melting point is used as the binder fiber. However, as the binder fiber, a fiber other than the polyester fiber having a low melting point, that is, a fiber having a lower melting point than the waste fiber can be used. The added amount of the binder fiber is 5 to 30% by weight of the whole. If the added amount of the binder fiber is small, the waste fiber cannot be sufficiently bonded. When there is too much addition amount of a binder fiber, while the porosity between waste fibers will fall, raw material cost will become high. This is because the binder fiber is not produced from waste waste, but is added as a separately produced raw material.

  The binder fiber is added to the waste fiber and uniformly dispersed. The waste fibers to which the binder fibers are added gather in a predetermined thickness in a three-dimensional direction and are then heated and pressurized to bond the intersection points of the waste fibers with the heat-melted binder fibers. The ratio of thinning the waste fibers gathered to a predetermined thickness by pressing is set to an optimum value depending on the use of the fiber mat layer. For example, the optimum ratio is 10 to 50% of the thickness of the gathered state. Is about 25%.

  When the collected waste fibers are pressed thinly, the voids of the waste fibers become smaller and densely gathered. For this reason, the voids of the waste fibers become fine, the water retention is improved, and the drainage is reduced. On the other hand, when the press is thick, the drainage is improved, but the water retention is reduced. Therefore, the ratio of pressing the aggregated waste fibers is set to an optimum value for the plant to be cultivated in consideration of water retention and drainage. Since the wall surface greening panel of the present invention is used for cultivation of various plants, the plant can be grown in a more comfortable environment by adjusting the fiber mat layer 10 for water retention and drainage optimal for the plant to be cultivated.

  The thickness for collecting the waste fibers is adjusted so that the thickness of the fiber mat layer 10 becomes an optimum thickness. The fiber mat layer 10 can be thickened to improve water retention. However, if the fiber mat layer is thickened, the manufacturing cost increases and the wall greening panel cannot be disposed in a space-saving manner. Therefore, in consideration of these points, the wall greening panel has a thickness of the fiber mat layer 10 of 3 cm or more and is thinner than 10 cm. The thickness of the fiber mat layer 10 is preferably 4 to 8 cm, and most preferably about 6 cm. The fiber mat layer 10 is pressed to have this thickness, and binder fibers are added to collect waste fibers.

  A method in which binder fibers are added to the waste fibers and gathered to a predetermined thickness, and then heated and pressed to bond the waste fibers at the intersection, without reducing the gaps between the waste fibers, that is, with water retention. The waste fibers can be bonded to a predetermined thickness without deteriorating drainage. The method of bonding the waste fiber by melting the binder fiber with heat is, for example, heating the waste fiber assembled to a predetermined thickness to a temperature at which the binder fiber melts, and then pressing to cool the binder fiber. Can be cured to bind waste fibers. This method can be most efficiently produced in large quantities using a thermal bond machine. Furthermore, this method can also press the aggregated waste fibers with a cold press. However, as a method of binding the waste fibers, a hot press can be used to press the aggregated waste fibers while heating them with a hot plate to melt the binder fibers and bond the waste fibers.

  Further, the fiber mat layer 10 is sprayed when collecting the waste fibers in a non-cured state without using the binder fibers, and is then pressed to harden the binders. Can also be combined.

  Furthermore, the three-dimensionally gathered fiber waste can be entangled and bonded by a needle punch or a water jet. The fibers assembled in this state have more voids between the fibers. Therefore, water can be absorbed into the fine voids of the fiber by capillary action. Furthermore, in order to reduce the voids of the fibers, the collected fiber waste is pressed. At this time, if the press pressure is too high, there are no voids between the fiber scraps, so pressing is performed in a state where innumerable voids exist between the aggregated fibers. In a state where the fiber waste is pressed, the fibers are bonded to the intersections and cured into a pressed state.

  Furthermore, the fiber mat layer 10 shown in the figure disperses and supplies fertilizer grains 13 between fibers when the fibers such as waste fibers are gathered to a predetermined thickness, and also disperses zeolite as a holding material 16. Supply. Since the zeolite which is the holding material 16 once holds part of the fertilizer eluted in water and then gradually releases it, the fertilizer can be supplied to the plant S over a long period of time. However, pearlite, ceramic, charcoal, etc. can also be used for the holding material supplied to the fiber mat layer 10. In the fiber mat layer 10, the fertilizer grains 13 and the holding material 16 are dispersed in the fiber gaps. For this reason, when the plant S is grown, the fertilizer component is supplied from the fertilizer grains 13, and a part of the fertilizer eluted into the water from the holding material 16 is gradually released, so that the plant S can be propagated well. There is. The fertilizer grains 13 and the holding material 16 are held inside the fiber mat layer 10 as grains having a size that does not move from the gap between the fibers. A fiber mat layer, which will be described later, formed by laminating a plurality of fiber mats, can be disposed by dispersing fertilizer grains and holding materials between the fiber mats. The fertilizer grains and the holding material can be adhered to the surface of the fiber mat via a binder and disposed between the fiber mats. As described above, the fiber mat layer 10 containing the fertilizer grains 14 and the holding material 16 can grow the plant S in a more ideal state. However, the fiber mat layer does not necessarily need to contain fertilizer grains and a holding material, and can also contain only one of the fertilizer grains and the holding material (see FIG. 9).

  Furthermore, the vertical planting layer 1 shown in the figure has a surface protective layer 4 provided on the front surface of the fiber mat layer 10. The surface protective layer 4 protects the surface of the fiber mat layer 10 from sunlight and wind and rain, and prevents the fiber mat layer 10 from deteriorating. The surface protective layer 4 can be provided by adhering a protective sheet composed of polyester fibers having excellent weather resistance to the front surface of the fiber mat layer 10, or it can be weather resistant on the front surface of the fiber mat layer 10. An excellent paint can be applied and provided, or alternatively, a weather-resistant paint can be applied to the surface of the protective sheet adhered to the front surface of the fiber mat layer 10. Thus, the wall surface greening panel provided with the surface protective layer 4 having excellent weather resistance on the front surface of the fiber mat layer 10 effectively prevents the deterioration of the fiber mat layer 10 even in a severe environment exposed to sunlight or wind and rain. Thus, the fiber mat layer 10 can be protected over a long period of time.

  In the vertical planting layer 1 shown in FIGS. 3 to 7, the fiber mat layer 10 is a laminate of a plurality of fiber mats 11. The illustrated fiber mat layer 10 is formed by stacking and connecting three fiber mats 11. The thickness of the fiber mat layer 10 is determined by the thickness and the number of the fiber mats 11 to be laminated. In the fiber mat layer 10 shown in the figure, the thickness of each fiber mat 11 is about 2 cm, and three fiber mats 11 are laminated to a total thickness of about 6 cm. However, the fiber mat layer may be a single-layer fiber mat 11 as shown in FIGS. The fiber mat layer 10 made of the single-layer fiber mat 11 is such that the thickness of the fiber mat 11 falls within the aforementioned range. Furthermore, the fiber mat layer 10 is a laminate of four fiber mats 11 as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, or a laminate of two fiber mats, although not shown, or five It can also be set as the laminated body of the above fiber mats. Also for the above fiber mat layer 10, the thickness of each fiber mat 11 to be laminated is adjusted so that the thickness of the entire fiber mat layer is in the above-mentioned range. Further, the vertical planting layer may have a laminate formed by laminating a plastic foam layer on a plurality of fiber mats.

  In the fiber mat layer 10 composed of a laminate of a plurality of fiber mats 11, a plurality of fiber mats 11 stacked on each other have different fiber aggregate densities. In the fiber mat layer 10 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the aggregate density of the fiber mats 11 laminated on the front side is higher than the aggregate density of the fiber mats 11 laminated on the middle or the back side. The fiber mat layer 10 can reinforce and strengthen the fiber mat 11 on the front side. The fiber mat layer can be reinforced on both sides firmly by using a fiber mat laminated on the back side with a high aggregate density. Further, in the fiber mat layer 10 shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, the aggregate density of the fiber mats 11 laminated on the front side and the back side is set higher than the aggregate density of the fiber mats 11 laminated in the middle. The fiber mat layer 10 can reinforce and reinforce the fiber mats 11 on the front side and the back side. Furthermore, the fiber mat 11 on the back side can be partially reinforced to strengthen it more firmly, for example, by providing a layer having a high collection density on the back side. Furthermore, the fiber mat 11 on the back side can be reinforced by applying paint or adhesive on the back side. In the fiber mat layer 1, the fiber mat 11 on the back side can be used together with the reinforcing plate as the back layer. However, the vertical planting layer can be laminated on the back surface of the fiber mat on the back side. The laminated mat 11 laminated in the middle has a lower assembly density than the fiber mat 11 on the front side, increases the fiber gap, and is more flexible than the fiber mat 11 on the front side. The flexible fiber mat 11 having a large fiber gap can ideally grow by allowing the roots of the plant S to smoothly enter the fiber gap.

  Furthermore, the fiber mat layer 10 shown in FIG. 5 penetrates the plurality of fiber mats 11 and has planting holding holes 2. As shown in FIG. 6, the fiber mat layer 10 is provided with through holes 12 at predetermined positions of fiber mats 11 stacked on each other to form planting holding holes 2. The plurality of fiber mats 11 have through holes 12 at positions facing each other, and as shown in FIG. 5, in a state where the plurality of fiber mats 11 are stacked, the opposed through holes 12 are connected to form a single one. The planting holding hole 2 is configured. However, the fiber mat layer 10 does not necessarily need to penetrate all the fiber mats 11 and provide the planting holding holes 2. The fiber mat layer 10 shown in FIG. 12 is provided with a through hole 12 in the fiber mat 11 laminated in front of the fiber mat 11 without providing a through hole in the fiber mat 11 laminated on the back surface. 2.

  The through hole 12 of the fiber mat 11 can be provided by cutting the fiber mat 11 so as to be punched with a Thomson blade (not shown). The fiber mat 11 cut with the Thomson blade has a cylindrical cut piece at the through hole 12 portion. The cut piece can be inserted so as not to fall into the planting holding hole 2. The cut piece can be used as a lid for closing a planting holding hole where a plant is not planted. Therefore, in a state where the plant is not planted in all planting holding holes, the planting holding hole where the plant is not planted is closed with the cut piece. This wall surface greening panel can hold the planting holding hole of the wall surface greening panel in a clean state until the partially planted plant covers the entire surface of the wall surface greening panel. This is because it is possible to prevent the planting holding hole where the plant is not planted from being exposed on the surface of the wall greening panel and conspicuous.

  The planting holding hole 2 of the fiber mat layer 10 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 is a fiber mat formed by laminating the lower inner surface 12A of the through hole 12 of the fiber mat 11 laminated on the front side on the back side. 11 is disposed above the lower inner surface 12 </ b> A on the inner surface of the through-hole 12 provided in 11. In the illustrated fiber mat layer 10, the heights of the through holes 12 provided in the fiber mat 11 on the back side and the lower inner surface 12 </ b> A of the through holes 12 provided in the intermediate fiber mat 11 are made equal to each other. The lower inner surface 12 </ b> A of the through hole 12 provided in the upper side is disposed above the lower inner surface 12 </ b> A of the through hole 12 provided in the fiber mat 11 on the back side and the middle. Since the fiber mat layer 10 has the lower inner surface 12A of the through hole 12 arranged upward from the back side to the front side of the fiber mat 11 to be laminated, the plant S to be inserted and planted in the planting holding hole 2. In addition, there is a feature that the planting material 3 filled in the planting holding hole 2 can be stably held so as not to fall from the planting holding hole 2. In the illustrated fiber mat layer, the lower inner surface 12A of the through hole 12 of the fiber mat 11 on the back side and the lower inner surface of the through hole 12 of the intermediate fiber mat 11 have the same height, but are provided on a plurality of fiber mats. The height of the lower inner surface of the through hole can be gradually increased from the back side toward the front side.

  Furthermore, the fiber mat layer 10 shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 has an inner shape of the through hole 12 of the fiber mat 11 arranged on the front surface side than an inner shape of the through hole 12 of the fiber mat 11 arranged on the back surface side. Is also small. The fiber mat layer 10 in the figure has the same inner shape of the through hole 12 provided in the fiber mat 11 on the back side and the through hole 12 provided in the intermediate fiber mat 11, and is provided in the fiber mat 11 on the front side. The inner shape of the through-hole 12 is made smaller than the through-hole 12 provided in the back surface side and the intermediate fiber mat 11. Since this fiber mat layer 10 can increase the inner shape of the planting holding hole 2 from the front side to the back side of the laminated fiber mat 11, the root of the plant S planted in the planting holding hole 2 is planted. There is a feature that can be stably stored in the inner part of the holding hole 2. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 7, the plant S can be ideally grown by filling a large depth of the planting holding hole 2 with a large amount of the planting material 3. Further, by making the through hole 12 on the front side small, the plant S and the planting material 3 inserted into the planting holding hole 2 can be effectively prevented from spilling out from the planting holding hole 2.

  The fiber mat layer 10 of FIGS. 5 to 7 is provided with a planting holding hole 2 by opening through holes 12 of a predetermined size in three fiber mats 11 and then laminating the front and rear fiber mats 11. . Each fiber mat 11 is opened by shifting the center of the through-hole 12 positioned in the front-rear direction. In the illustrated fiber mat layer 10, the lower inner surface 12 </ b> A of the through hole 12 provided in the fiber mat 11 laminated on the front side is below the through hole 12 provided in the fiber mat 11 laminated on the back side. Although positioned above the side inner surface 12A, the three fiber mats 11 are laminated so that the upper inner surfaces 12B of the through holes 12 provided in each fiber mat 11 have the same height. The fiber mat layer 10 can be provided with a planting holding hole 2 that widens downward from the opening to the back easily and easily.

  Further, the fiber mat layer 10 in FIG. 12 is formed by holding through-holes 12 of a predetermined size in the front side and intermediate fiber mats 11 excluding the back side, and then laminating the front and rear fiber mats 11 for planting and holding. Hole 2 is provided. The front and intermediate fiber mats 11 are opened concentrically, that is, concentrically, through the centers of the through holes 12 positioned in the front and rear. In the illustrated fiber mat layer 10, the inner shape of the through hole 12 of the fiber mat 11 disposed on the front side is made smaller than the inner shape of the through hole 12 of the two fiber mats 11 disposed in the middle. . The two fiber mats 11 laminated in the middle have the same inner shape of the through hole 12. The fiber mat layer 10 can be provided with the planting holding holes 2 that widen the depth easily and easily by laminating so that the through holes 12 provided in each fiber mat 11 are concentric with each other. . This fiber mat layer 10 also has a feature that the root of the plant S to be planted in the planting holding hole 2 can be stably stored in the inner part of the planting holding hole 2. In particular, as shown in FIG. 14, the plant S can be ideally grown by filling a large depth of the planting holding hole 2 with a large amount of the planting material 3. Moreover, since the through hole 12 on the front side is made small, it is possible to effectively prevent the plant S and the planting material 3 inserted into the planting holding hole 2 from spilling out from the planting holding hole 2.

  Further, the fiber mat layer 10 has an inner peripheral surface of the through hole 12 provided in the fiber mat 11 laminated on the front side, and a through hole 12 provided in the intermediate fiber mat 11 laminated on the back side. 12, the lower inner surface 12A of the through-hole 12 provided in the fiber mat 11 laminated on the front surface in the vertical position shown in FIG. It can be arranged above the lower inner surface 12A of the through hole 12 provided in the mat 11. Further, the fiber mat layer 10 is provided under the through-holes provided in the fiber mat laminated on the front surface even in a posture in which the top and bottom are reversed from the state shown in FIG. The height of the side inner surface can be arranged above the lower inner surface of the through hole provided in the fiber mat laminated in the middle. That is, the fiber mat layer 10 can be installed without specifying the vertical posture.

  In the fiber mat layer 10 described above, the inner shape of the through hole 12 opening in the fiber mat 11 to be laminated is changed forward and backward to change the inner shape of the planting holding hole 2 from the front side toward the back side. However, the through-holes opened in the plurality of fiber mats stacked in the front-rear direction can be made to have the same size without changing the size in the front-rear direction.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, the planting holding hole 2 provided in the fiber mat layer 10 can be opened with an upward slope from the back side toward the front side. The fiber mat layer 10 can be provided with the planting holding hole 2 by opening a through-hole 12 having a downward slope from the front surface to the back surface, for example. Since this planting holding hole 2 can also make the lower inner surface 12A of the through hole 12 downward from the front side to the back side, the plant S and the planting material 3 to be planted by being inserted into the planting holding hole 2 can be used. There is a feature that can be stably held so as not to fall from the planting holding hole 2.

  The above fiber mat layer 10 is provided with a plurality of planting holding holes 2 for planting the plants S at predetermined positions on the front surface. The fiber mat layer 10 shown in the figure is provided with five planting holding holes 2 opened at equal intervals on the center and diagonal lines. However, in the fiber mat layer, the number of planting holding holes opened may be 4 or less, or 6 or more. These fiber mat layers can also ideally grow plants planted here by providing a plurality of planting holding holes at equal intervals.

  The planting holding hole 2 shown in FIGS. 3, 6, 10 and 13 is circular and has an inner diameter of about 5 cm so that the plant S can be planted. However, the planting holding hole can have an inner diameter of 3 cm to 10 cm. Moreover, the planting holding hole is not limited to a circular shape, but may be a polygonal shape or an elliptical shape. The illustrated fiber mat layer 10 is provided with a plurality of planting holding holes 2 at predetermined intervals, and the spacing (d) between the planting holding holes can be set to, for example, 5 cm to 30 cm.

  A fiber mat layer 10 that is a laminate of a plurality of fiber mats 11 is formed by laminating each fiber mat 11 in a non-adhered state. In the fiber mat layer 10 of FIGS. 3 to 7, a plurality of fiber mats 11 are fixed by a fixing sheet 5 bonded to the outer peripheral surface, and the fiber mats 11 are laminated in a non-adhesive state. However, the fiber mat layer can be connected in a non-bonded state by sewing a plurality of fiber mats. Since the fiber mat 11 laminated in a non-adhesive state is laminated without providing an adhesive layer at the boundary portion, water diffusion is not prevented by the adhesive layer, and the root between the fiber mats is also prevented by the adhesive layer. The growth of is not suppressed. For this reason, there is a feature that a plant root can be ideally grown while smoothly transferring moisture, and the plant can be grown in a preferable environment. However, the plurality of fiber mats can be partially bonded or bonded and laminated in a water-permeable state. This fiber mat layer can laminate a plurality of fiber mats more firmly.

  The fiber mat layer 10 shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 10 has a plurality of fiber mats 11 connected and fixed on the outer peripheral surface by adhering the fixing sheet 5 to both sides and the upper and lower surfaces. The laminated fiber mats 11 have the same outer shape and a flat outer peripheral surface, and the fixed sheet 5 is bonded thereto. Further, in the illustrated vertical planting layer 1, a water guide diffusion sheet 7 and a back layer 6 laminated on the back surface of the fiber mat layer 10 are also connected and fixed by a fixing sheet 5. In the wall greening panel shown in FIG. 4, the side edge on the back surface side of the fixing sheet 5 is extended from the outer peripheral surface of the fiber mat layer 10 to the back surface of the back surface layer 6 and bonded. The fixing sheet 5 may be a non-woven fabric or a plastic sheet that allows moisture to pass through but does not allow plant roots to pass through. The fixing sheet 5 that allows water to permeate can be supplied to the inner fiber mat layer 10 by allowing water supplied from outside, for example, water sprayed from above or rainwater to pass therethrough. Further, the fixing sheet 5 that does not allow plant roots to pass through effectively prevents the roots of the plant S planted in the planting holding hole 2 from extending outside the wall greening panel, and the wall greening panel has a clean appearance over a long period of time. Can be.

  4, 5, 7, 9, and 11 remove the fixing sheet 5 (see FIGS. 6 and 10) adhered to the lower surface to form the vertical planting layer 1. The laminated water guide diffusion sheet 7 is protruded from the lower surface, and a protruding piece 7 </ b> A that is drawn out of the vertical planting layer 1 is provided. The water guide diffusion sheet 7 diffuses the water supplied to the projecting pieces 7 </ b> A to the vertical planting layer 1 and replenishes the roots of the plants S planted in the planting holding holes 2 of the vertical planting layer 1. The water guide diffusion sheet 7 can absorb water from the outside efficiently by widening the protruding piece 7A and increasing the protruding amount. The protruding piece 7A can be made inexpensive by reducing the width and reducing the protruding amount, but the effect of absorbing water from the outside is reduced. On the other hand, if the width of the protruding piece 7A is increased to increase the protruding amount, water from the outside can be efficiently absorbed, but the cost increases. Accordingly, the wall greening panel determines the width of the protruding piece and the protruding amount in consideration of these points. The projecting piece 7A of the water guide diffusion sheet 7 has a width of 30% to 100%, preferably 50% to 100% of the length of one side of the vertical planting layer 1, and the projecting amount is the vertical planting layer. Water can be absorbed ideally at 1/3 to 2 times, preferably 1/2 to 1.5 times the thickness of 1.

  Furthermore, the wall greening panel shown in FIGS. 12 to 15 covers the outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer 1 with the fixed sheet 5 and diffuses water between the fixed sheet 5 and the outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer 1. The protruding piece 7A of the sheet 7 is stored in a folded state. The water guide diffusion sheet 7 shown in FIG. 13 is provided with protruding pieces 7A on four sides of a quadrangle, and the protruding pieces 7A are folded and stacked on the outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer 1 (see the upper surface of FIG. 12). ), The protruding piece 7A is accommodated between the fixed sheet 5 and the outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer 1. That is, as shown in FIG. 15, the entire outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer 1 is covered with the fixing sheet 5 in a state where the protruding pieces 7A of the water guide diffusion sheet 7 are laminated on the four side surfaces of the vertical planting layer 1. Yes. When this wall greening panel is installed, as shown by a chain line in FIG. 15, the fixing sheet 15 located on the lower surface is partially cut off, and then the protruding piece 7A of the water guide diffusion sheet 7 is vertically disposed as shown in FIG. Pull out from the planting layer 1 for use. This wall greening panel cuts out the fixing sheet 15 and pulls out the protruding piece 7A of the water guide diffusion sheet 7 from the vertical planting layer 1, so that the outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer 1 is fixed to the wall until it is installed on the wall surface or the like. As a state covered with 5, the protruding piece 7A can be protected while maintaining a clean appearance in which the protruding piece 7A does not protrude. Furthermore, at the time of installation, the projecting piece 7A of the water guide diffusion sheet 7 can be pulled out freely by adjusting the position and range where the fixing sheet 5 is excised. That is, the width and position of the protruding piece to be pulled out can be freely adjusted without pulling out the protruding piece from the entire lower surface of the vertical planting layer. Thereby, finer moisture adjustment is possible. The wall greening panel shown in the figure has the side edges on the front side and the back side of the fixing sheet 5 without adhering the middle part of the fixing sheet 5 to the vertical planting layer 1 in order to facilitate excision of the fixing sheet 5. The vertical planting layer 1 is extended and bonded to the front and back surfaces.

  As described above, the wall greening panel in which the protruding pieces 7A are stacked and housed on the four sides of the outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer 1 cuts off the fixed sheet 5 located on the lower surface while the arbitrary surface is the lower surface, and conducts water. The protruding piece 7A of the diffusion sheet 7 can be pulled out. Furthermore, there is a feature that water can be supplied to both side surfaces and the upper surface of the vertical planting layer 1 through the protruding pieces 7A laminated on the outer peripheral surface other than the lower surface while diffusing water. However, the wall greening panel does not necessarily have to have a structure in which protruding pieces provided on the four sides of the vertical planting layer are folded and stored between the fixed sheet and the outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer. The wall greening panel is provided with a protruding piece protruding only below the vertical planting layer on the water diffusion sheet, and the projecting piece is folded and stored between the fixed sheet and the outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer. You can also.

  The water guide diffusion sheet 7 is laminated in the middle of the vertical planting layer 1, and the supplied water penetrates the entire vertical planting layer 1 to supply the vertical planting layer 1 uniformly. The water guide diffusion sheet 7 is a sheet that diffuses water by a capillary phenomenon, and densely aggregates submerged synthetic fibers that are thinner than the fibers of the fiber mat layer 10. However, as the water guide diffusion sheet, any material that can quickly absorb the supplied water and pass the water, for example, cloth, filter paper, woven fabric, plastic foam sheet having fine open cells, and the like can be used. Furthermore, as the water diffusion sheet, the above sheet material can be used alone, or a laminate of a plurality of sheets can be used. The water guide diffusion sheet 7 diffuses water by capillary action, transfers water in the high moisture content region to the low moisture content region, diffuses water throughout the vertical planting layer 1, and increases the moisture content. Adjust evenly. The wall greening panel shown in FIGS. 5, 9, and 12 has a protruding piece 7 </ b> A of the water guide diffusion sheet 7 protruding from the lower surface, and can absorb moisture from the protruding piece 7 </ b> A and supply it to the vertical planting layer 1. I am doing so.

  The back layer 6 is disposed on the back surface of the vertical planting layer 1. The back surface layer 6 of the wall greening panel shown in FIGS. 3 to 11 is a reinforcing plate that reinforces the fiber mat layer 10. For the back layer 6 which is a reinforcing plate, a fiber plate in which waste fibers are gathered and pressed into a thin plate shape via a binder can be used. This back layer 6 has a structure in which the fibers are pressed and consolidated, so that the whole is lightweight and has flexibility, and further, it effectively prevents deterioration due to sunlight and wind and rain, and the fiber mat layer is formed over a long period of time. 10 can be reinforced. However, a plastic plate can be used as the reinforcing plate instead of the fiber plate formed by pressing and solidifying the fibers. However, as shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, the back surface layer can be used together with the fiber mat 11 constituting the fiber mat layer 10.

  The vertical planting layer 1 includes a bottom plate portion 15 that closes the bottom surface 2 </ b> A of the planting holding hole 2. In the vertical planting layer 1 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 and FIGS. 9 to 11, the bottom plate portion 15 is provided by closing the bottom surface 2 </ b> A of the planting holding hole 2 with the back layer 6. Further, the vertical planting layer 1 shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 is provided with a bottom plate portion 15 by closing the bottom surface 2 </ b> A of the planting holding hole 2 with a fiber mat 11 on the back side constituting the fiber mat layer 10. . Thereby, the wall surface greening panel prevents the plant S planted in the planting holding hole 2 and the planting material 3 to be filled from spilling from the back of the vertical planting layer 1. Further, the vertical planting layer 1 has the water guide diffusion sheet 7 laminated on the bottom plate portion 15. In this wall greening panel, the water guide diffusion sheet 7 is laminated on the bottom plate portion 15 that closes the bottom surface 2A of the planting holding hole 2, so that the through hole for allowing the plant S planted in the planting holding hole 2 to pass through the water is diffused. There is no need to open the sheet 7. For this reason, the area of the water guide diffusion sheet 7 can be widened, and the supplied water can be diffused throughout the wide water guide diffusion sheet 7 so that the entire vertical planting layer 1 can be uniformly irrigated. In particular, the water diffusion sheet 7 laminated on the bottom surface 2 </ b> A of the planting holding hole 2 effectively supplies water to the bottom of the planting holding hole 2, and the root of the plant S planted in the planting holding hole 2. Water can be supplied efficiently.

  However, the vertical planting layer 1 can be positioned not in the bottom surface 2A of the planting holding hole 2 but in the middle of the planting holding hole 2 and the water guide diffusion sheet 7 can be laminated. The vertical planting layer 1 shown in FIG. 17 is between the plurality of fiber mats 11 constituting the fiber mat layer 10, and the water guide diffusion sheet 7 is also provided between the front surface side fiber mat 11 and the intermediate fiber mat 11. Laminated. Further, the water guide diffusion sheet 7 is provided with a protruding piece 7A by pulling out the lower end portion from the vertical planting layer 1. Since this water conveyance diffusion sheet 7 is laminated in the middle of the planting holding hole 2, the through hole 7 </ b> B through which the plant planted in the planting holding hole 2 passes is opened. The through hole 7B is opened to face the through hole 12 of the fiber mat 11. In this wall greening panel, two layers of the water diffusion diffusion sheet 7 are laminated in the middle of the vertical planting layer 1 and the two projecting pieces 7A are drawn out from the vertical planting layer 1, so that water from the outside can be very efficiently used. It can absorb water while absorbing and diffusing into the vertical planting layer 1. Furthermore, although not shown in the drawing, the vertical planting layer can be formed by laminating only the water guide diffusion sheet positioned at the middle portion of the planting holding hole without stacking the water guide diffusion sheet on the bottom surface of the planting holding hole.

  Furthermore, in the fiber mat layer 10 formed by laminating a plurality of fiber mats 11 shown in FIG. 18, a diffusion layer 14 having a higher water diffusibility than the fiber mat 11 is provided between the fiber mats 11. The diffusion layer 14 is a collection of fibers thinner than the fiber mat 11, and quickly diffuses water by capillary action. The same sheet as the water guide diffusion sheet 7 can be used for the diffusion layer 14. However, since the water guide diffusion sheet absorbs water from the lower end and raises it by capillary action, a sheet that can raise water more effectively than the diffusion layer sheet, that is, by capillary action, is used. The diffusion layer 14 diffuses the supplied water as a whole and supplies it uniformly to the fiber mat layer 10. The diffusion layer 14 transfers the water in the fiber mat layer 10 to the whole by transferring the water in the high water content region to the low water content region. The water in the diffusion layer 14 that has been uniformly diffused as a whole moves to the laminated fiber mat 11 and makes the moisture content of the fiber mat layer 10 uniform. That is, the diffusion layer 14 shifts the moisture supplied to the fiber mat layer 10 in the vertical direction and diffuses it throughout, and the diffused moisture moves to the fiber mat layer 10 so that the moisture on the entire surface of the fiber mat layer 10 is transferred. Adjust the rate. The diffusion layer 14 has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm and can quickly diffuse the supplied water. If the diffusion layer is made thick, the water retention and water conductivity can be increased to improve the water diffusibility, but the cost is increased. On the contrary, if it is made thinner, the diffusibility of water decreases. Therefore, the thickness of the diffusion layer is set to the above-mentioned range in consideration of these matters.

  As shown in FIGS. 7, 8, 11, 14, 17, and 18, the wall greening panel described above replenishes water by immersing the protruding piece 7A drawn out on the lower surface of the vertical planting layer 1. A water tank 9 is provided. The water supply trough 9 is a trough of an upper opening, is located below the vertical planting layer 1 and is arranged extending in the width direction of the vertical planting layer 1. This wall greening panel absorbs the water supplied to the water supply trough 9 by the protruding piece 7A of the water guide diffusion sheet 7 and sucks it up to the vertical planting layer 1. The water sucked up from the water tank 9 is diffused over the entire surface of the vertical planting layer 1 by the water guide diffusion sheet 7 and supplied to the roots of the plants S planted in the planting holding holes 2.

  The wall greening panel described above is grown by planting the plant S in the planting holding hole 2. The plant S planted in the planting holding hole 2 is held at a fixed position via the planting material 3 filled in the planting holding hole 3. As the implant material 3, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 14, the above-described fiber mat 11 is crushed into an unspecified random shape having a predetermined size and not a fixed shape. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 19, a fiber cord 3 </ b> B formed by three-dimensionally gathering fiber waste in an infinite number of voids and connecting them in a string shape can be used. However, when a plant is planted in the planting holding hole, it is not always necessary to fill the planting holding hole with a planting material, and a general soil medium can also be used. That is, plant seedlings can be planted with the soil culture medium adhering to the roots intact, but can also be planted through the planting material.

  The implant material which is the fiber particle 3A is obtained by crushing the above-described fiber mat 11 into an unspecified random shape having a predetermined size and not a fixed shape. The fiber mat 11 can be made into fiber particles by crushing the entire mat. However, when the fiber mat is used for other purposes, the cutting waste generated when the fiber mat is cut is crushed into fiber particles. You can also For example, when the fiber mat 11 is cut into a predetermined shape, the ends of the fiber mat 11 are cut into ear dust. Further, the fiber mat 11 is a process of opening the planting holding hole 2, and scraps are generated when the through hole 12 is cut. These cutting wastes can be collected and crushed into fiber particles 3A to form an implant 3. As described above, the method of crushing the cutting waste to obtain the fiber particles 3A can effectively use the fiber mat 11 without wasting cutting waste and can eliminate waste waste. The implant material that is a fiber grain has an average particle size of, for example, 3 to 30, preferably 5 to 20 mm. Furthermore, it is preferable that large fiber particles and small fiber particles are mixed.

  Further, the planting material can be mixed with fertilizer and holding material after the fiber mat is crushed into fiber particles. This planting material mixes and blends the granular or powdery fertilizer and holding material into the fiber particle 3A crushed into a random shape in the crushing step. Perlite, ceramic, zeolite, charcoal or the like can be used as the holding material mixed in the fiber particles 3A. Since these holding materials once hold | maintain some fertilizers eluted to water and discharge | release gradually, a fertilizer can be supplied with respect to a plant over a long period of time. These holding materials and fertilizers can be used alone or mixed as a composite material obtained by combining them. As described above, the planting material in which the fertilizer and the holding material for growing the plant are blended has a feature that the plant can be cultivated in a more ideal state.

  The above planting material is filled in the planting holding hole 2 of the vertical planting layer 1 to hold the plant 3 in place as shown in FIGS. Since the planting material 3 filled in the planting holding hole 2 is crushed into a granular shape, a gap is formed between the planting material 3 and the adjacent planting material 3. This gap allows air to pass smoothly. For this reason, this implant material 3 implement | achieves outstanding air permeability and drainage by the clearance gap which can be formed between the implant materials 3, maintaining each particle | grains excellent water retention. Further, the planted material 3 can be planted by filling the planting material 3 crushed into granules into the planting holding holes 2 of various shapes and sizes easily and easily and quickly.

  Furthermore, the density which fills the planting holding hole 2 with the planting holding hole 2, in other words, the condition of packing into the planting holding hole 2 can be adjusted to adjust the water retention, drainage and breathability. The implant material 3 is elastically deformed because the fiber waste is crushed into granules. Therefore, it can be packed densely or roughly. If the planting material 3 is packed closely, water retention can be improved while restricting drainage and air permeability. For this reason, the frequency | count of watering can be reduced. This filling state is suitable for cultivation of plants that require a large amount of moisture. On the other hand, when the planting material 3 is roughly filled in the planting holding hole 2, drainage and air permeability can be improved while limiting water retention. This filling state is suitable for cultivation of plants that are weak against overhumidity and strong in drought resistance.

  Furthermore, the implant 3 shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 19 is a fiber string 3B in which fiber waste is three-dimensionally gathered in a state where innumerable voids are formed, and these are connected in a string shape. The fiber string 3B has an average thickness of 2 to 30 mm without being pressurized so that it can be used in the same manner as the moss. As shown in FIG. 19, the planting material 3 can be filled in the planting holding hole 2 while being wound around the root portion of the plant S. However, the planting holding hole can be filled without necessarily being wound around the root.

  The fiber cord 3B can be used without being processed or twisted as it is with the discarded ears of the fabric. Abandon ears are wastes generated in large quantities in the textile manufacturing process. In the braiding method using a water jet or an air jet instead of the traditional shuttle to move the weft yarn between the warp yarns stretched in parallel, irregular portions are formed on both sides of the braided fabric. The waste produced by cutting both side portions is the discarded ear of the fabric. The discarded ear is a continuous string-like shape and has a strength that does not break even when pulled. Furthermore, since the discard ears are connected so that innumerable fibers gather and entangle with each other, there are innumerable fine voids between the fibers. For this reason, the implant material which is an abandonment ear has water absorption and water retention suitable for plant cultivation by itself. Furthermore, the waste ear can be twisted to increase the density of fibers and improve water absorption and water retention. A waste ear is a waste produced in the process of manufacturing a fabric. Therefore, when this is used as an implant, the waste can be effectively reused and the cost can be significantly reduced.

  Similarly to the granular implant material, the implant material 3 which is a discarded ear can adjust the density filled in the planting holding hole 2 to adjust water retention, drainage, and air permeability. That is, the water retention, drainage, and air permeability can be adjusted by adjusting the density of the planting material 3 that is a waste ear around the root or the density of filling the planting holding hole 2. Since the implant material 3 which is the abandon ear also collects the fiber waste in a string shape, the surface can be elastically deformed. For this reason, it can be tightly wound around the root, densely packed in the planting holding hole 2, or roughly wrapped around the root, or roughly packed in the planting holding hole 2. When the planting material 3 is tightly wound or closely packed in the planting holding hole 2, water retention can be improved while restricting drainage and air permeability. For this reason, the frequency | count of watering can be reduced. This filling state is suitable for cultivation of plants that require a large amount of moisture. On the other hand, when the planting material 3 is roughly wound around the root or the planting holding hole 2 is roughly filled, drainage and air permeability can be improved while limiting water retention. This filling state is suitable for cultivation of plants that are weak against overhumidity and strong in drought resistance.

  The planting material 3 which is a discarded ear can be made cheaper than the planting material which crushes the fiber mat. This is because both processing costs and raw material costs can be significantly reduced. In particular, since the implant material that uses the discarded ear as waste is effectively reused as it is, the cost can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, the planting material 3 does not need to add a new fiber as a binder because there is no need to bind fiber waste with a binder, unlike the planting material 3 produced by crushing the fiber mat described above, It is not necessary to use a binder for binding fibers, and the fiber can be made of 100% fiber waste.

  Since the discarded ear is a cut woven fabric, it is composed of the same fiber as that of the woven fabric. There are woven fabrics in which synthetic fibers and natural fibers are mixed, synthetic fibers only, or natural fibers only. Synthetic fibers do not corrode and have excellent durability, and natural fibers corrode and disappear naturally. For this reason, the implant material which consists of the discard ear | edge with the high mixing rate of a synthetic fiber and the discard ear | edge which does not mix a natural fiber has durability, and can lengthen a use period. On the other hand, the implant material, which is an abandoned ear with a high mixing ratio of natural fibers, has the feature that it can disappear naturally. Therefore, a planted material that requires durability uses a discarded ear with a high mixing ratio of synthetic fibers, and a planted material that naturally disappears uses a discarded ear with a high proportion of natural fibers. In general use, the mixing rate of synthetic fibers is increased, and an excellent durable implant can be used conveniently. Therefore, the mixing rate of synthetic fibers is preferably 50% by weight or more, preferably Use a throwing ear of 60% by weight or more, optimally 70% by weight or more. In particular, the disposable ear implant with 100% synthetic fiber has extremely excellent durability and does not lose its excellent properties over many years. In particular, the polyester synthetic fiber can be used stably for a very long time because the polyester synthetic fiber is strong, durable, and excellent in chemical resistance. However, the abandon ear can also use what contains fibers, such as a polyamide synthetic fiber and a polyacrylic synthetic fiber, as a synthetic fiber.

  However, the wall surface greening panel can be used alone or in a blend of inorganic or organic powders without using fiber grains or fiber strings as a planting material. For example, zeolite or pearlite can be used as the implantable material, and coconut fiber or peat moss can be used as the organic powder.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vertical planting layer 2 ... Planting holding hole 2A ... Bottom surface 3 ... Implanting material 3A ... Fiber grain
3B ... Fiber string 4 ... Surface protective layer 5 ... Fixed sheet 6 ... Back layer 7 ... Water guide diffusion sheet 7A ... Projection piece
7B ... Through hole 9 ... Water tank 10 ... Fiber mat layer 11 ... Fiber mat 12 ... Through hole 12A ... Lower inner surface
12B ... Upper inner surface 13 ... Fertilizer grain 14 ... Diffusion layer 15 ... Bottom plate part 16 ... Holding material 30 ... Wall surface 80 ... Base body 81 ... First gap 82 ... Second gap 83 ... Through hole 84 ... Mat material 85 ... Greening part 86 ... Sound absorption part 90 ... Wall 91 ... Water retaining mat 92 ... Anchor bolt 93 ... Greening base 94 ... Irrigation pipe 95 ... Drip hole 96 ... Wire mesh 97 ... Anchor bolt S ... Plant

Claims (10)

It has a vertical planting layer (1) having innumerable continuous voids that realize water permeability and water retention, and having a holding strength that holds the plant (S) to be planted in place,
This vertical planting layer (1) is provided with a plurality of planting holding holes (2) that open to the front and plant and hold the plant (S), and also conduct water diffusion that diffuses water over the entire surface by capillary action. The sheet (7) is laminated, and this water diffusion sheet (7) has a protruding piece (7A) drawn out to the outside of the vertical planting layer (1), and supplies water supplied to the protruding piece (7A). Diffusion to the vertical planting layer (1), so as to replenish water to the root of the plant (S) planted in the planting holding hole (2) of the vertical planting layer (1) ,
Further, the water diffusion sheet (7) is laminated in the middle of the vertical planting layer (1),
Furthermore, the vertical planting layer (1) has a bottom plate portion (15) that closes the bottom surface (2A) of the planting holding hole (2), and the water guide diffusion is spread to the bottom plate portion (15). Wall greening panel made by laminating sheets (7) .   2. The vertical planting layer (1) according to claim 1, wherein the vertical planting layer (1) has one of a fiber mat layer (10) in which fibers are three-dimensionally assembled to have a predetermined thickness, and a plastic foam layer having open cells. Wall greening panel. It has a vertical planting layer (1) having innumerable continuous voids that realize water permeability and water retention, and having a holding strength that holds the plant (S) to be planted in place,
This vertical planting layer (1) is provided with a plurality of planting holding holes (2) that open to the front and plant and hold the plant (S), and also conduct water diffusion that diffuses water over the entire surface by capillary action. The sheet (7) is laminated, and this water diffusion sheet (7) has a protruding piece (7A) drawn out to the outside of the vertical planting layer (1), and supplies water supplied to the protruding piece (7A). Diffusion to the vertical planting layer (1), so as to replenish water to the root of the plant (S) planted in the planting holding hole (2) of the vertical planting layer (1),
A wall greening panel in which the vertical planting layer (1) is formed by laminating a back surface layer (6) on the back surface of a water diffusion sheet (7). The wall surface greening panel according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the water guide diffusion sheet (7) is a nonwoven fabric in which fibers are three-dimensionally assembled. It has a vertical planting layer (1) having innumerable continuous voids that realize water permeability and water retention, and having a holding strength that holds the plant (S) to be planted in place,
This vertical planting layer (1) is provided with a plurality of planting holding holes (2) that open to the front and plant and hold the plant (S), and also conduct water diffusion that diffuses water over the entire surface by capillary action. The sheet (7) is laminated, and this water diffusion sheet (7) has a protruding piece (7A) drawn out to the outside of the vertical planting layer (1), and supplies water supplied to the protruding piece (7A). Diffusion to the vertical planting layer (1), so as to replenish water to the root of the plant (S) planted in the planting holding hole (2) of the vertical planting layer (1),
The vertical planting layer (1) has a fiber mat layer (10) in which fibers are three-dimensionally assembled to have a predetermined thickness, and a plastic foam layer having open cells,
The fiber mat layer (10) is a laminated body of a plurality of fiber mat (11), and laminating a water guide diffusion sheet (7) during or rear of a plurality of fiber mat (11),
Furthermore, the wall surface greening panel formed by laminating a plurality of fiber mats (11) in a non-adhered state. The wall surface greening panel according to claim 5 , wherein a plurality of fiber mats (11) are fixed by a fixing sheet (5) formed by bonding to an outer peripheral surface. The fiber mat layer (10) is provided on the fiber mat (11) formed by laminating the back inner surface (12A) of the through hole (12) of the fiber mat (11) laminated on the front surface. The wall surface greening panel according to any one of claims 5 to 6 , wherein the planting holding hole (2) is provided above the lower inner surface (12A) of the through hole (12). It has a vertical planting layer (1) having innumerable continuous voids that realize water permeability and water retention, and having a holding strength that holds the plant (S) to be planted in place,
This vertical planting layer (1) is provided with a plurality of planting holding holes (2) that open to the front and plant and hold the plant (S), and also conduct water diffusion that diffuses water over the entire surface by capillary action. The sheet (7) is laminated, and this water diffusion sheet (7) has a protruding piece (7A) drawn out to the outside of the vertical planting layer (1), and supplies water supplied to the protruding piece (7A). Diffusion to the vertical planting layer (1), so as to replenish water to the root of the plant (S) planted in the planting holding hole (2) of the vertical planting layer (1),
The outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer (1) is covered with a fixing sheet (5), and the water guide diffusion sheet (7) is interposed between the fixing sheet (5) and the outer peripheral surface of the vertical planting layer (1). ) Projecting pieces (7A) are folded and stored, the fixing sheet (5) is cut off, and the projecting pieces (7A) of the water guide diffusion sheet (7) are pulled out from the vertical planting layer (1). A wall greening panel. The wall greening panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the planting holding holes (2) of the vertical planting layer (1) are inclined upwardly toward the front surface. The vertical planting layer (1) pulls out a protruding piece (7A) on the lower surface, and is provided with a water tank (9) for replenishing water by immersing the protruding piece (7A). green wall panel water guide diffusing sheet of water supplied to) (7) is described in claims 1 becomes so as to spread over the entire surface of the vertical planting layer with water (1) 9.

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