JP5551455B2 - How to regenerate lubricant - Google Patents
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- JP5551455B2 JP5551455B2 JP2010010918A JP2010010918A JP5551455B2 JP 5551455 B2 JP5551455 B2 JP 5551455B2 JP 2010010918 A JP2010010918 A JP 2010010918A JP 2010010918 A JP2010010918 A JP 2010010918A JP 5551455 B2 JP5551455 B2 JP 5551455B2
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本発明は潤滑剤の再生方法（以下、単に「再生方法」とも称する）に関し、詳しくは、スチール素線の製造時における最終伸線工程で用いられる湿式潤滑剤の再生方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for regenerating a lubricant (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “regeneration method”), and more particularly, to a method for regenerating a wet lubricant used in a final wire drawing step in the production of a steel strand.
スチール素線は、一般に、一次伸線、一次熱処理、二次伸線、二次熱処理、めっきおよび最終伸線の工程を順次経ることにより、製造される。このうち最終伸線工程においては、水系潤滑剤中で、複数のダイスを介して線材の伸線を行う湿式伸線の手法が用いられている。 A steel strand is generally manufactured by sequentially performing steps of primary wire drawing, primary heat treatment, secondary wire drawing, secondary heat treatment, plating and final wire drawing. Among these, in the final wire drawing step, a wet wire drawing method is used in which a wire is drawn through a plurality of dies in an aqueous lubricant.
この水系潤滑剤中では、油性剤や極圧剤などの摩擦低減成分と界面活性剤とがエマルジョンを形成して液中に分散しているが、使用に伴って、このエマルジョンが凝集、粗大化して沈殿を生ずるため、潤滑性能は徐々に劣化していく。そのため従来、定期的に潤滑剤槽から沈殿物を回収するとともに、劣化した潤滑剤を廃棄して、新しい潤滑剤を追加することで、伸線時における潤滑性能を担保している。 In this water-based lubricant, friction reducing components such as oiliness agents and extreme pressure agents and surfactants form an emulsion and are dispersed in the liquid. However, this emulsion aggregates and coarsens with use. Since this causes precipitation, the lubricating performance gradually deteriorates. For this reason, conventionally, the sediment is periodically collected from the lubricant tank, the deteriorated lubricant is discarded, and a new lubricant is added to ensure the lubrication performance at the time of wire drawing.
湿式伸線に用いられる潤滑剤の管理に係る技術としては、例えば、特許文献１に、銅合金めっき又は銅めっきを施した鋼線の湿式伸線加工における潤滑液の性能管理方法であって、潤滑液が一定巾のピーク電位でのピーク電流を一定値以下に維持するように、潤滑液を微分パルスポーラログラフ法によって分析、管理する技術が開示されている。 As a technique related to management of a lubricant used for wet wire drawing, for example, in Patent Document 1, a performance management method of a lubricating liquid in wet wire drawing of a steel wire subjected to copper alloy plating or copper plating, There is disclosed a technique for analyzing and managing a lubricating liquid by a differential pulse polarographic method so that the lubricating liquid maintains a peak current at a peak potential of a certain width below a certain value.
上述のように、従来、潤滑性能が劣化した潤滑剤は廃棄せざるを得ず、常に新しい潤滑剤を追加する必要があった。したがって、かかる潤滑剤におけるエマルジョンの安定性は、スチール素線の生産コストに密接に関連するものとなっており、この劣化した潤滑剤の再利用が可能となれば、生産性の向上に極めて効果的であると考えられる。また、潤滑剤の処理にともなう環境への負荷を低減することができる。 As described above, conventionally, a lubricant whose lubrication performance has deteriorated has to be discarded, and a new lubricant has to be constantly added. Therefore, the emulsion stability in such lubricants is closely related to the production cost of steel strands, and if this deteriorated lubricant can be reused, it will be extremely effective in improving productivity. It is considered to be appropriate. In addition, it is possible to reduce the load on the environment associated with the processing of the lubricant.
そこで本発明の目的は、潤滑性能の劣化した潤滑剤を再生処理することで、潤滑剤の繰り返し再利用を可能にできる潤滑剤の再生方法を提供することにある。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for regenerating a lubricant capable of reusing the lubricant by regenerating the lubricant having a deteriorated lubricating performance.
本発明者は鋭意検討した結果、使用後の潤滑剤または潤滑剤中の沈殿物を、高圧下において分散処理して、潤滑剤中に含まれる凝集、粗大化したエマルジョンを微細化し、使用前の分散状態に戻すことにより、劣化した潤滑性能を回復することが可能となることを見出して、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies, the present inventor has dispersed the used lubricant or the precipitate in the lubricant under high pressure to refine the agglomerated and coarsened emulsion contained in the lubricant, before use. The inventors found that it is possible to recover the deteriorated lubricating performance by returning to the dispersed state, and the present invention has been completed.
本発明の潤滑剤の再生方法は、スチール線材の湿式伸線に用いられる潤滑剤の再生方法であって、湿式伸線に使用した後の潤滑剤中から沈殿物を回収して、回収された該沈殿物の水溶液を、高圧下で分散処理することを特徴とするものである。 The method for regenerating a lubricant according to the present invention is a method for regenerating a lubricant used for wet drawing of a steel wire. The precipitate was recovered from the lubricant after being used for wet drawing and recovered. The aqueous solution of the precipitate is dispersed under high pressure.
この場合、前記高圧下での分散処理は、高圧分散装置にて、圧力１０〜２００ＭＰａの条件下で行うことができる。 In this case, the dispersion treatment under high pressure can be performed with a high-pressure dispersion apparatus under a pressure of 10 to 200 MPa.
また、この場合においては、前記高圧下での分散処理に先立って、前記沈殿物の水溶液中から、金属成分を比重により分離して回収することが好ましい。さらに、前記潤滑剤が充填された湿式伸線を行うための潤滑剤槽から、沈殿物を定期的に回収して、回収された該沈殿物につき前記分散処理を行うことも好ましい。 In this case, it is preferable to separate and recover the metal component by specific gravity from the aqueous solution of the precipitate prior to the dispersion treatment under high pressure. Furthermore, it is also preferable to periodically collect precipitates from a lubricant tank for performing wet wire drawing filled with the lubricant, and to perform the dispersion treatment on the collected precipitates.
本発明によれば、従来は廃棄されていた潤滑性能の劣化した潤滑剤を再生することができるので、潤滑剤の繰り返し再利用が可能となり、潤滑剤の長寿命化を図ることができる。したがって、これにより、潤滑剤コストの削減や、廃棄潤滑剤の削減による環境負荷の低減などの効果をも得ることができるものである。 According to the present invention, it is possible to regenerate a lubricant having deteriorated lubrication performance, which has been discarded in the past, so that the lubricant can be reused repeatedly, and the life of the lubricant can be extended. Therefore, it is possible to obtain effects such as reduction of the lubricant cost and reduction of the environmental load due to the reduction of the waste lubricant.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
本発明は、スチール線材の湿式伸線に用いられる潤滑剤の再生方法であって、湿式伸線に使用した後の潤滑剤を、高圧下で分散処理する点に特徴を有するものである。本発明においては、高圧下での分散処理により、使用に伴い凝集、粗大化した潤滑剤中のエマルジョンを再度微細化して、初期の分散状態に戻すことで、劣化した潤滑性能を回復させることができるので、従来は廃棄するしかなかった劣化潤滑剤の再利用が可能となり、生産コストの削減や廃棄物の削減効果も得ることができる。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
The present invention is a method for regenerating a lubricant used for wet wire drawing of a steel wire, and is characterized in that the lubricant after being used for wet wire drawing is subjected to a dispersion treatment under high pressure. In the present invention, the dispersion performance under high pressure allows the emulsion in the lubricant that has been agglomerated and coarsened with use to be refined again and returned to the initial dispersed state, thereby restoring the degraded lubricating performance. Therefore, it becomes possible to reuse the deteriorated lubricant that has been discarded only in the past, and it is possible to obtain production cost reduction and waste reduction effects.
本発明における高圧下での分散処理とは、高圧下で潤滑剤を微細な通路内に通すことで、潤滑剤内に乱流を発生させ、せん断力を作用させることで、潤滑剤中の粗大化したエマルジョン表面に自由エネルギーを付与して、凝集を分散させ、結果としてエマルジョンの微細化を図るものである。より具体的には、かかる高圧下での分散処理は、高圧分散装置にて、圧力１０〜２００ＭＰａの条件下で行うことができる。また、本発明において、具体的な高圧分散装置としては、ナノマイザー（株）製のナノマイザー、Ｍｉｃｒｏｆｌｕｉｄｉｃｓ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ製の超高圧ホモジナイザー（商品名：マイクロフルイダイザー）、（株）イズミフードマシナリ製のホモゲナイザー等を好適に使用することができる。 In the present invention, the dispersion treatment under high pressure means that the lubricant is passed through a fine passage under high pressure, thereby generating turbulent flow in the lubricant and applying a shearing force, so that the coarseness in the lubricant is increased. Free energy is imparted to the emulsion surface to disperse agglomerates, and as a result, the emulsion is refined. More specifically, the dispersion treatment under high pressure can be performed with a high pressure dispersion apparatus under a pressure of 10 to 200 MPa. Further, in the present invention, as a specific high-pressure dispersion device, Nanomizer manufactured by Nanomizer Co., Ltd., ultrahigh-pressure homogenizer manufactured by Microfluidics Corporation (trade name: Microfluidizer), homogenizer manufactured by Izumi Food Machinery Co., Ltd., etc. It can be preferably used.
本発明においては、使用後の潤滑剤に対し上記高圧分散処理を施す点のみが重要であり、それ以外の具体的な実施条件については、所望に応じ適宜決定することができ、特に制限されるものではない。 In the present invention, it is important only to perform the high-pressure dispersion treatment on the lubricant after use, and other specific implementation conditions can be appropriately determined as desired and are particularly limited. It is not a thing.
本発明において、上記潤滑剤の高圧分散処理は、伸線工程と並行して連続的に行ってもよく、また、バッチ方式で定期的に実施してもよい。連続方式の場合には、例えば、図１に示すように、潤滑剤１が充填され湿式伸線機１０が設置された湿式伸線を行うための潤滑剤槽１１と、予備の潤滑剤１が充填されたタンク１２とを接続して、潤滑剤槽１１とタンク１２との間に分散処理を行うための分散装置１３を設置し、潤滑剤槽１１とタンク１２との間で分散装置１３を介して潤滑剤１を循環させながら、潤滑剤槽１１における湿式伸線と、分散装置１３における潤滑剤１の分散処理とを並行して行うことができる。図中の符号２は、伸線されるスチール線材を示す。
In the present invention, the high-pressure dispersion treatment of the lubricant may be continuously performed in parallel with the wire drawing step, or may be periodically performed in a batch system. In the case of the continuous system, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, a
この場合、潤滑剤１が劣化していない良好な状態から高圧分散処理を実施することになるが、潤滑剤１に悪影響を与えるおそれはないので、むしろ劣化の早期の段階から高圧分散処理を施すことで、潤滑剤をより長寿命化する効果を得ることができる。バッチ方式の場合には、潤滑剤が充填された湿式伸線を行うための潤滑剤槽から、湿式伸線に使用した後の潤滑剤を定期的に回収して、回収された潤滑剤につき高圧分散処理を行えばよく、処理後の潤滑剤は、適宜潤滑剤槽中に戻すことができる。 In this case, the high-pressure dispersion treatment is performed from a good state in which the lubricant 1 is not deteriorated. However, since there is no possibility of adversely affecting the lubricant 1, the high-pressure dispersion treatment is applied from an early stage of deterioration. Thus, the effect of extending the life of the lubricant can be obtained. In the case of the batch method, the lubricant used for wet wire drawing is periodically collected from the lubricant tank for performing wet wire drawing filled with the lubricant, and the recovered lubricant is subjected to high pressure. What is necessary is just to perform a dispersion | distribution process and the lubricant after a process can be suitably returned in a lubricant tank.
また、本発明においては、使用後の潤滑剤そのものではなく、使用後の潤滑剤中から回収した沈殿物について上記高圧分散処理を行ってもよい。この沈殿物中には、凝集、粗大化したエマルジョンの成分が含まれているため、この沈殿物について高圧分散処理を行った場合においても、上記と同様の効果を得ることができる。この場合、高圧分散処理は、かかる沈殿物の水溶液について行えばよく、処理後の分散液は、例えば、上澄みのみを取って潤滑剤槽に戻せばよい。また、この場合の分散処理の詳細条件についても、潤滑剤の分散処理の場合と同様に行うことができ、特に制限されるものではない。 In the present invention, the high-pressure dispersion treatment may be performed not on the lubricant itself after use but on the precipitate collected from the lubricant after use. Since the precipitate contains a coagulated and coarsened emulsion component, the same effect as described above can be obtained even when the precipitate is subjected to a high-pressure dispersion treatment. In this case, the high-pressure dispersion treatment may be performed on the aqueous solution of the precipitate, and the dispersion after treatment may be returned to the lubricant tank by taking only the supernatant, for example. Further, the detailed conditions of the dispersion treatment in this case can be performed in the same manner as in the case of the lubricant dispersion treatment, and are not particularly limited.
なお、沈殿物について高圧分散処理を行う場合には、分散処理に先立って、沈殿物の水溶液中から、金属成分を比重等により分離して回収することが好ましい。すなわち、潤滑剤槽から回収された沈殿物中には、潤滑剤の成分以外に、伸線に伴い生ずるスチール線材由来の金属成分が含まれていると考えられ、これは潤滑剤を再生する際の不純物となるため、分散処理に先立って、水溶液中から除去しておくことが好ましい。 In addition, when performing a high pressure dispersion process about a deposit, it is preferable to isolate | separate and collect | recover a metal component by specific gravity etc. from the aqueous solution of a precipitate prior to a dispersion process. That is, it is considered that the precipitate collected from the lubricant tank contains a metal component derived from the steel wire generated along with the wire drawing in addition to the component of the lubricant. Therefore, it is preferable to remove from the aqueous solution prior to the dispersion treatment.
本発明において、上記沈殿物の高圧分散処理は、潤滑剤槽から沈殿物を定期的に回収して、回収された沈殿物につき処理を行い、処理後の潤滑剤を適宜潤滑剤槽に戻すバッチ方式にて実施することができる。 In the present invention, the high-pressure dispersion treatment of the precipitate is a batch in which the precipitate is periodically collected from the lubricant tank, the collected precipitate is treated, and the treated lubricant is appropriately returned to the lubricant tank. It can be implemented in a manner.
なお、本発明により再生された潤滑剤を潤滑剤槽に再度戻す際には、再生潤滑剤中に、潤滑剤成分としての界面活性剤等を適宜添加することができる。本発明の再生方法によれば、使用により劣化した潤滑性能を回復させた潤滑剤を得られるが、この再生潤滑剤に対し、さらに界面活性剤等の潤滑剤成分を添加することで、より初期状態に近い潤滑性能を付与することができるものと考えられる。 When the lubricant regenerated by the present invention is returned to the lubricant tank, a surfactant as a lubricant component can be added as appropriate to the regenerated lubricant. According to the regeneration method of the present invention, a lubricant that has recovered the lubrication performance deteriorated by use can be obtained. By adding a lubricant component such as a surfactant to the regenerated lubricant, an initial stage can be obtained. It is considered that lubricating performance close to the state can be imparted.
以下、本発明を、実施例を用いてより詳細に説明する。
＜従来例１＞
直径１．７２ｍｍの黄銅めっき鋼線材を、エマルジョン化して分散させた水系潤滑剤を用いて、スリップ型湿式伸線機にて伸線し、最終線径が直径０．３０ｍｍのスチールコード用黄銅めっき鋼線を連続的に製造した。伸線開始から１０日後の伸線機内の水系潤滑剤について、水系潤滑剤の粒子分散性および摩擦性能を評価した。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
<Conventional example 1>
A brass wire for steel cords with a final wire diameter of 0.30 mm is drawn with a slip-type wet wire drawing machine using a water-based lubricant in which a brass-plated steel wire with a diameter of 1.72 mm is emulsified and dispersed. Steel wire was produced continuously. For the aqueous lubricant in the
粒子分散性の評価は、レーザー回折式粒度分布計を用いて、水系潤滑剤の粒度分布を測定することにより行い、その分布の平均粒子径を特性値とした。また、摩擦性能の評価は、ＦＡＬＥＸ試験により、各水準の焼付荷重を測定することにより行い、従来例１の値を１００とする指数で示した。この数値が大きいほど摩擦性能が良好である。 The particle dispersibility was evaluated by measuring the particle size distribution of the aqueous lubricant using a laser diffraction particle size distribution meter, and the average particle size of the distribution was used as a characteristic value. In addition, the friction performance was evaluated by measuring each level of seizure load by the FALEX test, and indicated by an index with the value of Conventional Example 1 being 100. The larger this value, the better the friction performance.
＜参考例１＞
伸線開始から１０日後の水系潤滑剤について、圧力２０ＭＰａにて高圧分散処理を施した後、上記と同様にして粒子分散性および摩擦性能を評価した。
<Reference Example 1>
The
＜参考例２＞
伸線開始から１０日後の水系潤滑剤について、圧力１００ＭＰａにて高圧分散処理を施した後、上記と同様にして粒子分散性および摩擦性能を評価した。
<Reference Example 2>
The water-based
＜従来例２＞
伸線開始から３０日後の水系潤滑剤について、上記と同様にして粒子分散性および摩擦性能を評価した。
<Conventional example 2>
About the water-based lubricant 30 days after the start of wire drawing, the particle dispersibility and the friction performance were evaluated in the same manner as described above.
＜参考例３＞
伸線開始から３０日後の水系潤滑剤について、圧力２０ＭＰａにて高圧分散処理を施した後、上記と同様にして粒子分散性および摩擦性能を評価した。
<Reference Example 3>
The aqueous lubricant 30 days after the start of wire drawing was subjected to a high-pressure dispersion treatment at a pressure of 20 MPa, and then the particle dispersibility and the friction performance were evaluated in the same manner as described above.
＜参考例４＞
伸線開始から３０日後の水系潤滑剤について、圧力１００ＭＰａにて高圧分散処理を施した後、上記と同様にして粒子分散性および摩擦性能を評価した。
<Reference Example 4>
The aqueous lubricant 30 days after the start of wire drawing was subjected to a high-pressure dispersion treatment at a pressure of 100 MPa, and then the particle dispersibility and the friction performance were evaluated in the same manner as described above.
上記結果を、下記の表１中に示す。 The results are shown in Table 1 below.
上記参考例１，２の結果から、性能が良好な状態の潤滑剤に対し高圧処理を施しても、潤滑性能には大きな変化が見られないことがわかる。また、従来例２の結果からは、長期間伸線に供した潤滑剤では、潤滑剤中の粒子径が粗大化し、摩擦性能に悪影響を及ぼすことがわかる。これに対し、参考例３，４の結果から、性能が劣化した潤滑剤に対し、高圧分散処理を施すことによって、性能が良好な潤滑剤と同レベルまで摩擦性能が回復することが確かめられた。 From the results of the above Reference Examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that there is no significant change in the lubrication performance even if the high-performance lubricant is subjected to high pressure treatment. Further, from the result of Conventional Example 2, it can be seen that in the lubricant that has been subjected to wire drawing for a long period of time, the particle diameter in the lubricant becomes coarse, which adversely affects the friction performance. On the other hand, from the results of Reference Examples 3 and 4, it was confirmed that the friction performance was recovered to the same level as that of the lubricant with good performance by performing high-pressure dispersion treatment on the lubricant with degraded performance. .
１ 潤滑剤
２ スチール線材
１０ 湿式伸線機
１１ 潤滑剤槽
１２ タンク
１３ 分散装置
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lubricant 2
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