JP5541898B2 - Material judgment method and material judgment device - Google Patents

Material judgment method and material judgment device Download PDF

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JP5541898B2
JP5541898B2 JP2009243651A JP2009243651A JP5541898B2 JP 5541898 B2 JP5541898 B2 JP 5541898B2 JP 2009243651 A JP2009243651 A JP 2009243651A JP 2009243651 A JP2009243651 A JP 2009243651A JP 5541898 B2 JP5541898 B2 JP 5541898B2
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博 清水
惣市 岸野
真哉 坂井
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、管の材質を判定する材質判定方法及び材質判定装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a material determination method and a material determination device for determining the material of a pipe.

現在、都市ガス等を内部に流通するガス管には、複数の異なる材質の管が採用されている。特に、金属性のガス管には、ねずみ鋳鉄管とダクタイル鋳鉄管があり、ねずみ鋳鉄管は強度が低くダクタイル鋳鉄管は強度が高い。このため、強度の低いねずみ鋳鉄から成るガス管を、強度の高いダクタイル鋳鉄から成るガス管へ交換する作業が現在進められている。
ガス管を交換する場合、ガス管の材質を判定する必要がある。ガス管の材質を判定する場合、一般的には、ガス管を穿孔し穿孔片を得る（特許文献１を参照）。その後、当該穿孔片の表面は、観察をすべく研磨されるが、管内面は凹状曲面であり研磨し難いため、管外面側の鋳肌面が研磨される。当該研磨により形成された観察面を、金属顕微鏡等により観察する。ガス管の材質は、当該観察面の状態により、ねずみ鋳鉄かダクタイル鋳鉄かが判断される。 Currently, pipes made of a plurality of different materials are used for gas pipes that distribute city gas and the like inside. In particular, metallic gas pipes include gray cast iron pipes and ductile cast iron pipes. Gray cast iron pipes have low strength and ductile cast iron pipes have high strength. For this reason, an operation for exchanging a gas pipe made of gray cast iron having a low strength with a gas pipe made of ductile cast iron having a high strength is currently in progress.
When replacing the gas pipe, it is necessary to determine the material of the gas pipe. When determining the material of the gas pipe, generally, the gas pipe is perforated to obtain a perforated piece (see Patent Document 1). Thereafter, the surface of the perforated piece is polished for observation, but the inner surface of the tube is a concave curved surface and is difficult to polish, so the casting surface on the outer surface of the tube is polished. The observation surface formed by the polishing is observed with a metal microscope or the like. The material of the gas pipe is determined as gray cast iron or ductile cast iron depending on the state of the observation surface.

実開平０３−０５９１１４号公報Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 03-059114

上述した様に、一般的な判定方法を用いる場合、穿孔片の管外面側の鋳肌面を研磨する必要がある。穿孔片の管外面側の鋳肌面には、通常、酸化や腐食により黒皮膜が形成されている。鋳肌面を研磨して、酸化や腐食のない観察面を形成するには、まず、当該黒皮膜を研磨した後、穿孔片を形成する金属を研磨して平坦にする必要があり、比較的研磨時間が長くなるという問題があった。
また、黒皮膜は、研磨し難いため、顕微鏡にて観察できる程度の滑らかな観察面を形成するには、高い技量が必要であった。このため、黒皮膜が形成された鋳肌面は、ある程度熟練した作業者しか研磨できないという問題があった。
本発明は、上記課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、熟練度の低い作業者であっても比較的短い作業時間で、比較的簡単に管の材質の判定ができる材質判定方法、及び材質判定装置を提供する点にある。 As described above, when a general determination method is used, it is necessary to polish the casting surface on the pipe outer surface side of the perforated piece. A black film is usually formed by oxidation or corrosion on the casting surface of the outer surface of the perforated piece. In order to polish the casting surface and form an observation surface free from oxidation and corrosion, it is necessary to first polish the black film, and then polish and flatten the metal forming the perforated pieces. There was a problem that the polishing time was long.
Moreover, since the black film is difficult to polish, a high skill is required to form a smooth observation surface that can be observed with a microscope. For this reason, there is a problem that the cast skin surface on which the black film is formed can be polished only by a skilled worker to some extent.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to provide a material determination method capable of relatively easily determining the material of a pipe in a relatively short working time even for a worker with a low level of skill. And a material determining device.

上記目的を達成するための本発明の材質判定方法は、
管の材質を判定する材質判定方法であって、その特徴構成は、
前記管の穿孔により得られる穿孔片の表面のうち、穿孔時の切削面である厚み方向の周縁部を観察して前記管の材質を判定するに、
前記穿孔片の厚み方向の前記周縁部のうち、管軸方向での両端部のうちいずれかの部位である管軸方向端部が顕微鏡の視野内に入るように、前記穿孔片の管内面と管外面とを挟持して固定し、
固定された前記穿孔片が、その管内面と管外面とを挟持した状態で支持される顕微鏡支持体を、前記穿孔片に取り付け、
前記顕微鏡の視野内に、前記管軸方向端部である観察対象部位が収まるように、前記顕微鏡支持体により前記顕微鏡を位置決め支持して観察を行う点にある。 The material judgment method of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows.
It is a material determination method for determining the material of a pipe, and its characteristic configuration is
To determine the material of the tube by observing the peripheral portion in the thickness direction, which is the cutting surface during drilling, of the surface of the drilled piece obtained by drilling the tube ,
The tube inner surface of the perforated piece so that a tube axial direction end which is any part of both ends in the tube axial direction among the peripheral portions in the thickness direction of the perforated piece enters the field of view of the microscope. Pinch and fix the outer surface of the tube,
A microscope support that is supported in a state where the fixed perforated piece sandwiches the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube is attached to the perforated piece,
The observation is performed by positioning and supporting the microscope by the microscope support so that the observation target portion that is the end in the tube axis direction is within the field of view of the microscope .

上記特徴構成によれば、管の穿孔片を観察する際、穿孔により新たに形成された金属面である厚み方向の周縁部を観察するので、従来の様に、鋳肌面に形成される黒皮面を研磨する必要がなくなり、作業時間が短縮できる。無論、軽く研磨して観察してもよいが、この場合、研磨の作業量は格段に低くできる。
また、黒皮膜等が形成された鋳肌面を研磨する必要がなくなるので、高度な技量を持つ熟練者でなくても穿孔片を観察して、管の材質を判定できる。
このように、本発明によれば、熟練度の低い作業者であっても比較的短い作業時間で、比較的簡単に穿孔片を観察して管の材質の判定ができる材質判定方法を実現できる。
更に、上記特徴構成によれば、穿孔片が、その管内面と管外面とを挟持され、穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部のうち、管軸方向での両端部のうちいずれかの部位である管軸方向端部が顕微鏡の視野に入るように固定される。これにより、穿孔片は、管軸方向端部を、顕微鏡の光軸に沿わせた位置に配置できる。また、穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部を、適切に顕微鏡の側へ向けることができる。
また、顕微鏡の視野内に入れる部位を、管軸方向端部とするので、最も曲がりの小さい箇所を挟持に使用でき、管軸方向の両端部を穿孔片の固定に使用する場合、直線である管軸方向の両端を固定するので、穿孔片の立設を良好に実現できる。
更に、上記特徴構成によれば、顕微鏡支持体は、穿孔片の管内面と管外面とを挟持した状態で支持される。これにより、例えば、穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部の管軸方向端部であって、一般的に、顕微鏡を位置決めし難い部位に対して、適切且つ安定して、顕微鏡を位置決め支持できる。そして、管軸方向端部である観察対象部位を、比較的容易に、顕微鏡の視野内に収めることができる。 According to the above-described characteristic configuration, when observing the perforated piece of the tube, the peripheral portion in the thickness direction, which is a metal surface newly formed by the perforation, is observed. It is not necessary to polish the skin surface, and the working time can be shortened. Of course, it may be observed after lightly polishing, but in this case, the amount of polishing work can be significantly reduced.
In addition, since it is not necessary to polish the cast skin surface on which the black film or the like is formed, it is possible to determine the material of the tube by observing the perforated piece even if it is not a highly skilled worker.
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to realize a material determination method that enables even a low-skilled worker to relatively easily observe a perforated piece and determine a tube material in a relatively short work time. .
Furthermore, according to the above-described characteristic configuration, the perforated piece is sandwiched between the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube, and is a portion of the peripheral edge portion in the thickness direction of the perforated piece and at both ends in the tube axis direction. It fixes so that a pipe-axis direction edge part may enter into the visual field of a microscope. Thereby, the perforated piece can arrange | position the pipe-axis direction edge part in the position along the optical axis of the microscope. Moreover, the peripheral part in the thickness direction of the punched piece can be appropriately directed to the microscope side.
In addition, since the part to be put in the field of view of the microscope is the end in the tube axis direction, the portion with the smallest bend can be used for clamping, and when both ends in the tube axis direction are used for fixing the punched piece, it is a straight line Since both ends in the tube axis direction are fixed, the perforated piece can be satisfactorily provided.
Furthermore, according to the above characteristic configuration, the microscope support is supported in a state where the tube inner surface and the tube outer surface of the perforated piece are sandwiched. Accordingly, for example, the microscope can be positioned and supported appropriately and stably with respect to a portion in the tube axis direction end of the peripheral portion in the thickness direction of the perforated piece, which is generally difficult to position the microscope. And the observation object site | part which is a pipe-axis direction edge part can be settled in the visual field of a microscope comparatively easily.

上記目的を達成するための本発明の材質判定装置は、
管の表面を顕微鏡によって観察することにより、管の材質を判定するための材質判定装置であって、
その特徴構成は、前記管の穿孔により得られる穿孔片を当該穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部が露出するように固定する固定機構と、
前記穿孔片が前記固定機構に固定された状態で、前記固定機構又は前記穿孔片に支持される顕微鏡支持体を備え、
前記固定機構又は前記穿孔片から支持された状態で、前記顕微鏡支持体が、前記顕微鏡の視野内に、前記穿孔片の厚み方向の前記周縁部が収まるように前記顕微鏡を位置決め支持し、
前記固定機構は、前記管を穿孔して得られる穿孔片の管内面と管外面を、前記穿孔片の厚み方向の前記周縁部の一部を前記顕微鏡側に向ける状態で、挟持して固定する挟持部を有し、
前記顕微鏡支持体は、一方側に穿孔片を位置させた状態で他方側で前記顕微鏡の視野側端を支持する環状支持部と、前記環状支持部が前記顕微鏡を支持している状態で、前記穿孔片の厚み方向の前記周縁部が前記顕微鏡の視野内に収まるように前記顕微鏡を位置決めする環状壁部とを有する点にある。 In order to achieve the above object, the material judgment device of the present invention comprises:
A material determination device for determining the material of a tube by observing the surface of the tube with a microscope,
The characteristic configuration is a fixing mechanism for fixing a perforated piece obtained by perforating the tube so that a peripheral portion in a thickness direction of the perforated piece is exposed;
A microscope support that is supported by the fixing mechanism or the perforated piece in a state where the perforated piece is fixed to the fixing mechanism,
In a state where the microscope support is supported from the fixing mechanism or the punched piece, the microscope support is positioned and supported so that the peripheral portion in the thickness direction of the punched piece is within the field of view of the microscope .
The fixing mechanism clamps and fixes the inner surface and the outer surface of the perforated piece obtained by perforating the tube, with a part of the peripheral edge in the thickness direction of the perforated piece facing the microscope side. Having a clamping part,
The microscope support is in a state where a perforated piece is positioned on one side and an annular support part that supports the field side end of the microscope on the other side, and the annular support part supports the microscope, It has the point which has the annular wall part which positions the said microscope so that the said peripheral part of the thickness direction of a perforated piece may be settled in the visual field of the said microscope .

上記特徴構成によれば、固定機構は、穿孔片を当該穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部を露出するように固定するので、作業者は、穿孔片の厚み方向の当該周縁部を容易に観察できる。これにより、特に、穿孔片の黒皮膜が形成された鋳肌面を研磨することなく、穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部としての金属部が露出した部位を観察でき、作業時間を短縮できる。また、黒皮膜等が形成された鋳肌面を研磨する必要がなくなるので、高度な技量を持つ熟練者でなくても、穿孔片を観察して管の材質を判定できる。
更に、顕微鏡支持体は、固定機構又は穿孔片から支持された状態で、顕微鏡の視野内に、穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部が収まるように、顕微鏡を位置決め支持する。これにより、作業者は、観察対象である穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部に顕微鏡の視野を合わせる手間を省くことができ、作業時間を短縮できる。
このように、本発明の材質観察装置によれば、熟練度の低い作業者であっても比較的短い作業時間で、比較的簡単に穿孔片を観察して管の材質の判定ができる材質判定装置を実現できる。
更に、上記特徴構成によれば、穿孔片を、その厚み方向の周縁部の一部を顕微鏡側に向けて固定できる。これにより、観察対象の周縁部の一部に対する顕微鏡の位置決めが容易になり、より一層作業者の作業時間を短縮できる。
更に、上記特徴構成によれば、環状支持部が、その一方側に穿孔片を配置している状態で、他方側から顕微鏡の視野側端を支持する。これにより、例えば、他方側から一方側に沿う方向で、顕微鏡を支持できる。
加えて、顕微鏡は、環状壁部により、環状支持部が顕微鏡を支持している状態で、穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部が、顕微鏡の視野内に収まるように、顕微鏡を位置決めされる。これにより、使用者は、穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部が、顕微鏡の視野内に収める作業を省略でき、作業時間を短縮できる。 According to the above characteristic configuration, the fixing mechanism fixes the perforated piece so as to expose the peripheral portion in the thickness direction of the perforated piece, so that the operator can easily observe the peripheral portion in the thickness direction of the perforated piece. . Thereby, it is possible to observe the portion where the metal portion as the peripheral portion in the thickness direction of the perforated piece is exposed without particularly polishing the casting surface on which the black film of the perforated piece is formed, and the working time can be shortened. In addition, since it is not necessary to polish the cast skin surface on which the black film or the like is formed, even a non-experienced skilled worker can observe the perforated piece and determine the material of the tube.
Further, the microscope supporter positions and supports the microscope so that the peripheral portion in the thickness direction of the perforated piece is within the field of view of the microscope while being supported from the fixing mechanism or the perforated piece. Thereby, the operator can save the trouble of aligning the field of view of the microscope with the peripheral portion in the thickness direction of the perforated piece to be observed, and the working time can be shortened.
As described above, according to the material observation apparatus of the present invention, even a less skilled worker can relatively easily observe the perforated piece and determine the tube material in a relatively short work time. A device can be realized.
Furthermore, according to the above characteristic configuration, the perforated piece can be fixed with a part of the peripheral edge in the thickness direction facing the microscope side. Thereby, the positioning of the microscope with respect to a part of the peripheral edge of the observation object is facilitated, and the working time of the operator can be further reduced.
Furthermore, according to the above-described characteristic configuration, the annular support portion supports the field-side end of the microscope from the other side in a state where the perforated piece is disposed on one side. Thereby, for example, the microscope can be supported in a direction along the one side from the other side.
In addition, the microscope is positioned by the annular wall portion so that the peripheral portion in the thickness direction of the perforated piece is within the field of view of the microscope while the annular support portion supports the microscope. Thereby, the user can abbreviate | omit the operation | work which the peripheral part of the thickness direction of a perforation piece puts in the visual field of a microscope, and can shorten work time.

本発明の材質判定装置の更なる特徴構成は、
前記顕微鏡支持体は、前記環状支持部の環軸方向の前記一方側と前記他方側との双方に、前記環状壁部を備え、前記一方側の前記環状壁部が、環径方向で対向する部位に一対の切欠部を有する点にある。 A further characteristic configuration of the material judgment device of the present invention is as follows.
The microscope support body includes the annular wall portion on both the one side and the other side in the annular axis direction of the annular support portion, and the annular wall portion on the one side faces in the annular diameter direction. It is in the point which has a pair of notch part in a site | part.

上記特徴構成によれば、環状支持部の環軸方向の一方側と他方側との双方に、環状壁部が設けられているので、一方側と他方側との双方にて、顕微鏡を位置決め支持できる。
更に、一方側の環状壁部が、環径方向で対向する部位に一対の切欠部を有するので、穿孔片の周縁部を当該切欠部に嵌め込ませる状態で、穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部が、一方側の環状壁部に当接することなく、顕微鏡支持体を穿孔片に固定できる。これにより、顕微鏡支持体は、比較的大径の穿孔片に対しても、固定できる。 According to the above characteristic configuration, since the annular wall portion is provided on both the one side and the other side in the annular axis direction of the annular support portion, the microscope is positioned and supported on both the one side and the other side. it can.
Further, since the annular wall portion on one side has a pair of cutout portions at the portions opposed in the radial direction, the peripheral edge portion in the thickness direction of the punched piece is inserted in the state where the peripheral edge portion of the punched piece is fitted into the cutout portion. The microscope support can be fixed to the perforated piece without contacting the annular wall portion on one side. Thereby, the microscope support can be fixed even to a relatively large-diameter perforated piece.

本発明の材質判定装置の更なる特徴構成は、
前記顕微鏡支持体は、前記環状支持部の環中心へ向けて環径方向で対向して設けられた一対の固定治具を有し、
一対の前記固定治具は、環径方向で前記環状支持部を外側から内側へ貫設した状態で、前記穿孔片の管内面と管外面とを挟持する点にある。 A further characteristic configuration of the material judgment device of the present invention is as follows.
The microscope support has a pair of fixing jigs provided facing each other in the radial direction toward the ring center of the annular support part,
The pair of fixing jigs lies in that the annular support portion is sandwiched from the outer side to the inner side in the annular diameter direction so as to sandwich the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube of the perforated piece.

上記特徴構成によれば、一対の固定治具が、環径方向で環状支持部を外側から内側へ貫設した状態で、穿孔片の管内面と管外面とを挟持するので、環状支持部が、穿孔片に対して確実に固定されることになる。これにより、顕微鏡は、環状支持部により、確実に支持される。   According to the above characteristic configuration, since the pair of fixing jigs sandwich the tube inner surface and the tube outer surface of the perforated piece with the annular support portion penetrating from the outside to the inside in the annular direction, the annular support portion is Thus, it is securely fixed to the perforated piece. Thereby, the microscope is reliably supported by the annular support portion.

本発明の材質判定装置の更なる特徴構成は、
前記固定治具は、前記環状支持部に固定可能な状態で、前記環状支持部の環径方向に沿い且つ一端を前記環状支持部の環中心に向けて配置された固定軸と、
前記環状支持部の環中心側の前記固定軸の一端に設けられ、前記固定軸の動きに対して独立な磁性体とを有する点にある。 A further characteristic configuration of the material judgment device of the present invention is as follows.
The fixing jig is in a state that it can be fixed to the annular support portion, and a fixing shaft that is disposed along the annular radial direction of the annular support portion and with one end directed toward the ring center of the annular support portion,
It is provided at one end of the fixed shaft on the ring center side of the annular support portion and has a magnetic body independent of the movement of the fixed shaft.

上記特徴構成によれば、固定軸の動きに対して独立な磁性体は、当該固定軸の環状支持部の環中心側の一端にて、磁力により穿孔片を一時的に支持できる。これにより、磁性体にて、穿孔片を支持しながら、固定軸を環状支持部の管径方向に沿う方向にて位置調整した後、穿孔片を挟持できる所定の位置にて、環状支持部に固定できる。   According to the above characteristic configuration, the magnetic body independent of the movement of the fixed shaft can temporarily support the perforated piece by a magnetic force at one end on the ring center side of the annular support portion of the fixed shaft. As a result, the position of the fixed shaft is adjusted in the direction along the pipe radial direction of the annular support part while supporting the perforated piece with the magnetic material, and then the annular support part is placed at a predetermined position where the perforated piece can be sandwiched. Can be fixed.

本願の材質判定装置の分解側面図である。It is a disassembled side view of the material determination apparatus of this application. 本願の穿孔片固定台の平面図である。It is a top view of the punch piece fixing stand of this application. 本願の顕微鏡支持体の平面図である。It is a top view of the microscope support body of this application. 本願の材質判定装置に穿孔片が設置されている側面図である。It is a side view in which the perforated piece is installed in the material determination apparatus of this application. 本願の顕微鏡支持体が大径の穿孔片に固定されている側面図である。It is a side view in which the microscope support of the present application is fixed to a large-diameter perforated piece. 穿孔片の観察部位を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the observation site | part of a piercing piece. 穿孔片を研磨する支持台一体型研磨機を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the support stand integrated polishing machine which grind | polishes a punch piece. 本願の材質判定方法のフロー図である。It is a flowchart of the material determination method of this application.

まず、本発明の材質判定装置を、図１〜７に基づいて説明し、その後、本発明の材質判定方法を、図８に基づいて説明する。
本発明の材質判定装置は、図１に示す様に、管１（図６に図示）の表面を顕微鏡２によって観察することにより、管１の材質を判定するための材質判定装置であって、管１の穿孔により得られる穿孔片３を当該穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４が露出するように固定する穿孔片固定台（固定機構の一例）５と、穿孔片３が穿孔片固定台５に固定された状態で、穿孔片固定台５又は穿孔片３に支持される顕微鏡支持体６を備え、穿孔片固定台５又は穿孔片３から固定された状態で、顕微鏡支持体６が、顕微鏡２の視野内に、穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４が収まるように顕微鏡２を位置決め支持するものである。
尚、穿孔片３は、例えば、管１を、本願の背景技術にて示した特許文献１に示される穿孔機（図示せず）によって穿孔することにより得られるものである。当該穿孔機の構成、及び穿孔方法は、特許文献１に示されている様に、周知技術であるので、ここではその説明を割愛する。
また、本願で用いられる顕微鏡２は、一般に用いられる金属顕微鏡が好適に用いることができ、図４に示す様に、外部電源に接続する電力供給線４１により光源４２に電力を供給し、観察対象部位に対して落射照明系を形成するように構成されている。尚、対物レンズ、接眼レンズ、対物レンズの焦点位置調整機構等の構成は、一般の金属顕微鏡と同様の構成のものを好適に用いることができる。 First, the material determination apparatus of this invention is demonstrated based on FIGS. 1-7, and the material determination method of this invention is demonstrated based on FIG. 8 after that.
The material judgment device of the present invention is a material judgment device for judging the material of the tube 1 by observing the surface of the tube 1 (shown in FIG. 6) with a microscope 2 as shown in FIG. A perforated piece fixing base (an example of a fixing mechanism) 5 for fixing the perforated piece 3 obtained by perforating the tube 1 so that the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 is exposed, and the perforated piece 3 is the perforated piece fixed base. The microscope support 6 is supported by the perforated piece fixing base 5 or the perforated piece 3 while being fixed to the perforated piece fixing base 5 or the perforated piece 3. The microscope 2 is positioned and supported so that the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 is within the visual field of the microscope 2.
The perforated piece 3 is obtained, for example, by perforating the tube 1 with a perforator (not shown) shown in Patent Document 1 shown in the background art of the present application. Since the configuration of the perforating machine and the perforating method are well-known techniques as shown in Patent Document 1, the description thereof is omitted here.
In addition, as the microscope 2 used in the present application, a commonly used metal microscope can be suitably used. As shown in FIG. 4, power is supplied to a light source 42 by a power supply line 41 connected to an external power source, and an observation target is obtained. An epi-illumination system is formed for the part. It should be noted that the objective lens, the eyepiece lens, the focal position adjusting mechanism of the objective lens, and the like can be suitably used in the same configuration as a general metal microscope.

〔固定機構〕
穿孔片固定台５は、図１,２に示す様に、基礎固定台７と、当該基礎固定台７に対して固定される可動固定台８及び顕微鏡仮置部１０とから構成されている。基礎固定台７は、例えば、水平な設置面（図示せず）等に設置することができる。
可動固定台８は、ボルト及びナットから成る２組の連結部９により、基礎固定台７に固定されている。可動固定台８は、基盤１７に対し、設置面に沿う一方向（図１でＸ方向）において、移動可能な可動部位１２と、基盤１７に対し一体的に設けられた第１固定部位１３とを有する。当該可動部位１２と第１固定部位１３は、可動部位１２が、設置面に沿う一方向（図１でＸ方向）で、第１固定部位１３の方向へ摺動し、可動部材１２と第１固定部位１３との間に穿孔片３の管内面３ａと管外面３ｂとを挟持する形態で、挟持部１１として機能する。
可動部位１２は、操作部１４により設置面に沿う一方向（図１でＸ方向）により移動操作される。操作部１４は、設置面に沿う一方向（図１でＸ方向）に長軸を有すると共に可動部位１２を第１固定部位１３に向けて押圧して移動させる雄螺子部１８と、基盤１７に一対的に設けられていると共に雄螺子部１８が螺合する第２固定部位１９と、雄螺子部１８をその周方向に回動可能なハンドル１５とから成る。
ハンドル１５が周方向で一方側に回動される場合、設置面に沿う一方向（図１でＸ方向）に沿って、雄螺子部１８が第２固定部位１９へ螺合されていく形態で、可動部位１２が、雄螺子部１８に押圧されて第１固定部位１３の側へ移動する。この時、可動部位１２と第１固定部位１３との間に穿孔片３を配置すると、可動部材１２と第１固定部位１３にて穿孔片３の管内面３ａと管外面３ｂとを挟持できる。これにより、穿孔片３は、穿孔時の切削面である厚み方向の周縁部４を露出した状態で、挟持支持されることとなり、作業者は穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４を容易に観察できる。
逆に、ハンドル１５が周方向で他方側に回動される場合、設置面に沿う一方向（図１でＸ方向）に沿って、雄螺子部１８の第２固定部位１９への螺合が解除されていく形態で、雄螺子部１８の可動部位１２への押圧が解除され、可動部位１２が第１固定部位１３から離間する側へ移動可能となる。この時、可動部位１２と第１固定部位１３との間に穿孔片３が挟持されている状態である場合、穿孔片３への挟持支持が解除される。
尚、第２固定部位１９には、雄螺子部１８の位置を固定するロック機構１６が設けられている。作業者は、挟持部１１により穿孔片３を挟持しているときには、当該ロック機構１６を作動させて、雄螺子部１８の位置を固定することで、挟持部１１による穿孔片３の挟持を維持でき、挟持部１１による穿孔片３の挟持を解除するときには、ロック機構１６の作動を解除させて、挟持部１１による穿孔片３の挟持を解除できる。 [Fixing mechanism]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the perforated piece fixing base 5 includes a base fixing base 7, a movable fixing base 8 fixed to the base fixing base 7, and a microscope temporary placement unit 10. The base fixing base 7 can be installed on, for example, a horizontal installation surface (not shown).
The movable fixed base 8 is fixed to the base fixed base 7 by two sets of connecting portions 9 made of bolts and nuts. The movable fixed base 8 is movable with respect to the base 17 in one direction (X direction in FIG. 1) along the installation surface, and the first fixed part 13 provided integrally with the base 17. Have The movable part 12 and the first fixed part 13 are slid in the direction of the first fixed part 13 in one direction along the installation surface (X direction in FIG. 1), and the movable member 12 and the first fixed part 13 The tube inner surface 3a and the tube outer surface 3b of the perforated piece 3 are sandwiched between the fixed portion 13 and function as the sandwiching portion 11.
The movable part 12 is moved and operated in one direction (X direction in FIG. 1) along the installation surface by the operation unit 14. The operating portion 14 has a long axis in one direction along the installation surface (X direction in FIG. 1) and a male screw portion 18 that moves the movable portion 12 by pressing the movable portion 12 toward the first fixed portion 13. The second fixing portion 19 is provided in a pair and is engaged with the male screw portion 18, and the handle 15 is capable of rotating the male screw portion 18 in the circumferential direction.
When the handle 15 is rotated to one side in the circumferential direction, the male screw portion 18 is screwed into the second fixing portion 19 along one direction along the installation surface (X direction in FIG. 1). The movable part 12 is pressed by the male screw part 18 and moves to the first fixed part 13 side. At this time, if the perforated piece 3 is disposed between the movable portion 12 and the first fixed portion 13, the inner surface 3 a and the outer surface 3 b of the perforated piece 3 can be held between the movable member 12 and the first fixed portion 13. Accordingly, the punched piece 3 is sandwiched and supported in a state where the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction which is a cutting surface at the time of drilling is exposed, and the operator can easily hold the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the punched piece 3. I can observe.
Conversely, when the handle 15 is rotated in the circumferential direction to the other side, the male screw portion 18 is screwed into the second fixing portion 19 along one direction along the installation surface (the X direction in FIG. 1). In the form of being released, the pressing of the male screw portion 18 to the movable part 12 is released, and the movable part 12 can move to the side away from the first fixed part 13. At this time, when the perforated piece 3 is sandwiched between the movable portion 12 and the first fixed portion 13, the support for sandwiching the perforated piece 3 is released.
The second fixing portion 19 is provided with a lock mechanism 16 that fixes the position of the male screw portion 18. When the operator holds the punched piece 3 by the holding part 11, the operator holds the pinned piece 3 by the holding part 11 by operating the lock mechanism 16 to fix the position of the male screw part 18. In addition, when releasing the piercing piece 3 by the holding portion 11, the operation of the lock mechanism 16 can be released to release the piercing piece 3 from being held by the holding portion 11.

顕微鏡仮置部１０は、顕微鏡２の視野側端２５を支持すると共に視野側端２５の周囲を外囲する有底環状支持部２２と、当該有底環状支持部２３に一体的に設けられ穿孔片固定台５の基礎固定台７の設置面側（図１で右側）に伸びる棒状支持部２０とを有する。顕微鏡仮置部１０は、ボルト２１が棒状支持部２０を貫設し且つ基礎固定台７に螺合する状態で、基礎固定台７に固定される。当該顕微鏡仮置部１０には、顕微鏡２が後述する顕微鏡支持体６に支持されないときに、顕微鏡２が仮置きされる。   The microscope temporary placement portion 10 is provided integrally with the bottomed annular support portion 22 that supports the field-side end 25 of the microscope 2 and surrounds the periphery of the field-side end 25, and the bottomed annular support portion 23. It has a bar-like support portion 20 extending on the installation surface side (right side in FIG. 1) of the base fixing base 7 of the single fixing base 5. The microscope temporary placement part 10 is fixed to the base fixing base 7 in a state where the bolt 21 penetrates the rod-like support part 20 and is screwed to the base fixing base 7. The microscope 2 is temporarily placed on the microscope temporary placement unit 10 when the microscope 2 is not supported by a microscope support 6 described later.

〔顕微鏡支持体〕
顕微鏡支持体６は、図４に示す様に、一方側で穿孔片３にて固定された状態で、他方側にて顕微鏡２の視野側端２５を支持する中空状の環状支持部２３と、当該環状支持部２３が顕微鏡２を支持している状態で、穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４が顕微鏡２の視野内に収まるように顕微鏡２を位置決めする環状壁部２４とを有する。具体的には、環状壁部２４は、顕微鏡２の視野側端２５の外周に沿って設けられており、顕微鏡２がその光軸（図４のＺ軸）と垂直な方向において、位置決めされている。
尚、環状支持部２３の内径は、図３に示すように、環状壁部２４の内径よりも小さく構成されている。更に、図４に示すように、環状支持部２３の内径は、顕微鏡２の視野側端２５の外径よりも小さく、環状壁部２４の内径は、顕微鏡２の視野側端２５の外径よりも大きく構成されている。これにより、環状支持部２３は、一方側から他方側に沿う方向（図４でＺ軸に沿って下から上に向う方向）で、顕微鏡２を支持できる。加えて、顕微鏡２は、環状支持部２３に支持されている状態で、顕微鏡２の視野側端２５の外周に沿う環状壁部２４によって、顕微鏡２の移動のうち、顕微鏡２の光軸（図４のＺ軸）と垂直な方向（例えば、図４の左右方向）における移動が規制される。これにより、顕微鏡２は、その視野内に、観察対象部位として穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４を適切に位置させることができる。 (Microscope support)
As shown in FIG. 4, the microscope support 6 has a hollow annular support portion 23 that supports the visual field side end 25 of the microscope 2 on the other side in a state of being fixed by the perforated piece 3 on one side, In the state where the annular support portion 23 supports the microscope 2, the peripheral portion 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 has an annular wall portion 24 for positioning the microscope 2 so that it falls within the field of view of the microscope 2. Specifically, the annular wall portion 24 is provided along the outer periphery of the visual field side end 25 of the microscope 2, and the microscope 2 is positioned in a direction perpendicular to its optical axis (Z axis in FIG. 4). Yes.
The inner diameter of the annular support portion 23 is configured to be smaller than the inner diameter of the annular wall portion 24 as shown in FIG. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the inner diameter of the annular support portion 23 is smaller than the outer diameter of the field-side end 25 of the microscope 2, and the inner diameter of the annular wall portion 24 is smaller than the outer diameter of the field-side end 25 of the microscope 2. Is also made up of large. Thereby, the annular support part 23 can support the microscope 2 in a direction from the one side to the other side (a direction from bottom to top along the Z axis in FIG. 4). In addition, the microscope 2 is supported by the annular support portion 23, and the optical axis of the microscope 2 among the movements of the microscope 2 by the annular wall portion 24 along the outer periphery of the visual field side end 25 of the microscope 2 (see FIG. 4 in the direction perpendicular to the Z axis) (for example, the left-right direction in FIG. 4) is restricted. Thereby, the microscope 2 can appropriately position the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 as an observation target site in the field of view.

更に、顕微鏡支持体６は、環状支持部２３の環軸方向（図１,４のＺ軸に沿う方向）で、一方側と他方側との双方に、環状壁部２４,２６を備えており、一方側の環状壁部２６が、環径方向（図１のＺ軸に垂直な方向）で対向する部位に一対の切欠部２７を有する。これにより、穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４を当該切欠部２７に嵌め込ませる状態（図４に示す状態、又は、図５の実線にて示す状態）で、顕微鏡支持体６を穿孔片３に固定できる。
切欠部２７に穿孔片３の周縁部４を嵌め込ませる状態を、図５に基づいて説明する。図５の実線は、顕微鏡支持体６において、一方側の環状壁部２６に切欠部２７が設けられている時の状態を示し、図５の点線は、一方側の環状壁部２６に切欠部２７が設けられていない時の状態を示している。一方側の環状壁部２６に切欠部２７が設けられている場合（図５で実線にて示す場合）、穿孔片３は、穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４が、切欠部２７に嵌り込んだ状態で、後述する顕微鏡支持体６の一対の固定治具２８により固定される。一方、一方側の環状壁部２６に切欠部２７が設けられていない場合（図５で点線にて示す場合）、穿孔片３は、穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４が、一方側の環状壁部２６の下端５２に当接し、一対の固定治具２８により固定できない状態となる場合がある。
即ち、切欠部２７を設けることにより、比較的大径の穿孔片３を固定する際に、穿孔片３を、一対の固定治具２８で固定できない状態（図５で点線にて示す状態）から一対の固定治具２８で固定できる状態（図５で実線にて示す状態）まで移動させることができる。 Further, the microscope support 6 includes annular wall portions 24 and 26 on both the one side and the other side in the direction of the annular axis of the annular support portion 23 (the direction along the Z axis in FIGS. 1 and 4). The annular wall portion 26 on one side has a pair of cutout portions 27 at portions facing each other in the annular diameter direction (a direction perpendicular to the Z axis in FIG. 1). As a result, the microscope support 6 is attached to the perforated piece 3 in a state where the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 is fitted into the cutout 27 (the state shown in FIG. 4 or the state shown by the solid line in FIG. 5). Can be fixed.
A state in which the peripheral edge 4 of the perforated piece 3 is fitted into the notch 27 will be described with reference to FIG. The solid line in FIG. 5 shows a state where the notch 27 is provided in the one-side annular wall 26 in the microscope support 6, and the dotted line in FIG. 5 indicates the notch in the one-side annular wall 26. 27 shows a state when 27 is not provided. When the cutout portion 27 is provided in the annular wall portion 26 on one side (shown by a solid line in FIG. 5), the perforated piece 3 is fitted with the peripheral portion 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 in the cutout portion 27. In this state, it is fixed by a pair of fixing jigs 28 of the microscope support 6 described later. On the other hand, when the cutout portion 27 is not provided in the annular wall portion 26 on one side (indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 5), the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 is In some cases, the annular wall portion 26 may come into contact with the lower end 52 and cannot be fixed by the pair of fixing jigs 28.
That is, by providing the notch portion 27, when the relatively large-diameter perforated piece 3 is fixed, the perforated piece 3 cannot be fixed by the pair of fixing jigs 28 (the state indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 5). It can be moved to a state where it can be fixed by the pair of fixing jigs 28 (a state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 5).

更に、顕微鏡支持体６は、図１,３,４に示す様に、環状支持部２３の環中心Ｐへ向けて環径方向で対向して設けられた一対の固定治具２８を有し、一対の固定治具２８は、環状支持部２３の環径方向（図１,４でＺ軸に垂直な方向、図３でＫ方向）で、環状支持部２３を外側から内側へ貫設した状態で、穿孔片３の管内面３ａと管外面３ｂとを挟持できるように構成されている。
具体的には、固定治具２８は、環状支持部２３の環径方向に沿い且つ一端を環状支持部２３の環中心Ｐに向けて配置された固定軸２９と、環状支持部２３の環中心Ｐ側における固定軸２９の一端に設けられ、固定軸２９の動きに対して独立に回転可能な磁性体３０と、固定軸２９を周方向で回動操作する回動操作部３１と、固定軸２９及び磁性体３０の環状支持部２３の環径方向（図１,４でＺ軸に垂直な方向、図３でＫ方向）における位置を固定する蝶型ナット３２とを備えている。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4, the microscope support 6 has a pair of fixing jigs 28 provided facing each other in the radial direction toward the ring center P of the annular support 23, The pair of fixing jigs 28 is provided in a state in which the annular support portion 23 penetrates from the outside to the inside in the radial direction of the annular support portion 23 (the direction perpendicular to the Z axis in FIGS. 1 and 4 and the K direction in FIG. 3). Thus, the inner surface 3a and the outer surface 3b of the perforated piece 3 can be clamped.
Specifically, the fixing jig 28 includes a fixed shaft 29 disposed along the radial direction of the annular support portion 23 and one end thereof toward the ring center P of the annular support portion 23, and the ring center of the annular support portion 23. A magnetic body 30 that is provided at one end of the fixed shaft 29 on the P side and can rotate independently of the movement of the fixed shaft 29, a rotating operation unit 31 that rotates the fixed shaft 29 in the circumferential direction, and a fixed shaft 29 and a butterfly nut 32 for fixing the position of the annular support 23 of the magnetic body 30 in the radial direction (the direction perpendicular to the Z axis in FIGS. 1 and 4 and the K direction in FIG. 3).

固定軸２９は、環状支持部２３に対して螺合するように構成されており、他端に設けられた回動操作部３１を周方向に回動させることにより、環状支持部２３の環径方向（図１,４でＺ軸に垂直な方向、図３でＫ方向）に移動自在に構成されている。
更に、固定軸２９は、環状支持部２３の環径方向（図１,４でＺ軸に垂直な方向、図３でＫ方向）で環状支持部２３の外側に、固定軸２９に蝶型ナット３２が螺着されている。当該蝶型ナット３２は、環状支持部２３の環外壁３３に位置することで、固定軸２９の環状支持部２３の環径方向（図１,４でＺ軸に垂直な方向、図３でＫ方向）の移動を禁止する。
磁性体３０は、固定軸２９の環状支持部２３の環中心Ｐ側の一端にて、磁力により穿孔片３を一時的に支持できる。これより、磁性体３０にて、穿孔片３を支持しながら、固定軸２９を環状支持部２３の環径方向（図１,４でＺ軸に垂直な方向、図３でＫ方向）に沿う方向にて位置調整することができる。 The fixed shaft 29 is configured to be screwed to the annular support portion 23, and by rotating the rotation operation portion 31 provided at the other end in the circumferential direction, the ring diameter of the annular support portion 23 is configured. It is configured to be movable in a direction (a direction perpendicular to the Z axis in FIGS. 1 and 4 and a K direction in FIG. 3).
Further, the fixed shaft 29 is connected to the outer side of the annular support portion 23 in the radial direction of the annular support portion 23 (the direction perpendicular to the Z axis in FIGS. 1 and 4 and the K direction in FIG. 3). 32 is screwed. The butterfly nut 32 is positioned on the annular outer wall 33 of the annular support portion 23 so that the radial direction of the annular support portion 23 of the fixed shaft 29 (the direction perpendicular to the Z axis in FIGS. Direction) is prohibited.
The magnetic body 30 can temporarily support the perforated piece 3 by magnetic force at one end on the ring center P side of the annular support portion 23 of the fixed shaft 29. Thus, while supporting the perforated piece 3 with the magnetic body 30, the fixed shaft 29 is aligned with the annular radial direction of the annular support portion 23 (the direction perpendicular to the Z axis in FIGS. 1 and 4 and the K direction in FIG. 3). The position can be adjusted in the direction.

〔穿孔片〕
穿孔片３は、図６に示すように、その厚み方向の周縁部４のうち、管１の管軸方向（図６のＹ軸に沿う方向）での両端部が、一直線上に位置する。そこで、本願の材質判定装置では、当該両端部を、図４に示すように、設置面（図示せず）の鉛直方向に沿う姿勢で、穿孔片３を穿孔片固定台５に対して固定する。これにより、顕微鏡２は、穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４のうち、管軸方向での両端部のうちいずれかの部位である管軸方向端部３４を、図４に示すように、適切に顕微鏡２の視野内に入れることができる。
尚、穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４は、図７に示す支持台一体型研磨機３５にて、研磨してから観察することが好ましい。支持台一体型研磨機３５は、支持台３６と、砥石３９を回転させる回転機４８を有する研磨機３８と、当該支持台３６にボルト５０により固定された状態で研磨機３８を支持する研磨機支持部３７と、支持台３６にボルト５１により固定された状態で砥石３９に対向する位置にて穿孔片３を支持する穿孔片支持台４０と、使用者の手により把持される把持部４９とを備えて構成されている。
穿孔片３は、管内面３ａと管外面３ｂとを工具により挟持した状態で、その厚み方向の周縁部４を、回転する砥石３９に押し付けることにより、研磨されることとなる。 [Perforated piece]
As shown in FIG. 6, the perforated piece 3 has both ends in the tube axis direction of the tube 1 (the direction along the Y axis in FIG. 6) of the peripheral edge portion 4 in the thickness direction positioned on a straight line. Therefore, in the material determination device of the present application, the perforated piece 3 is fixed to the perforated piece fixing base 5 with the both end portions in a posture along the vertical direction of the installation surface (not shown) as shown in FIG. . Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4, the microscope 2 has a tube axis direction end portion 34 which is one of the both end portions in the tube axis direction of the peripheral edge portion 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 as shown in FIG. It can be appropriately placed within the field of view of the microscope 2.
The peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 is preferably observed after being polished by a support stand integrated polishing machine 35 shown in FIG. The support table integrated polishing machine 35 includes a support table 36, a polishing machine 38 having a rotating machine 48 that rotates the grindstone 39, and a polishing machine that supports the polishing machine 38 while being fixed to the support table 36 with bolts 50. A supporting portion 37; a perforated piece support base 40 that supports the perforated piece 3 at a position facing the grindstone 39 while being fixed to the support base 36 by bolts 51; and a gripping portion 49 that is gripped by a user's hand. It is configured with.
The perforated piece 3 is polished by pressing the peripheral edge portion 4 in the thickness direction against the rotating grindstone 39 in a state where the tube inner surface 3a and the tube outer surface 3b are held by a tool.

〔データ処理装置〕
穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４である観察対象部位の画像は、図４に示す様に、ＣＣＤカメラ４３にて撮像される。撮像された画像データは、ＣＣＤカメラ４３とデータ処理装置４４とを接続する通信線４５にて、ＣＣＤカメラ４３からデータ処理装置４４へリアルタイムに伝送される。データ処理装置４４は、モニタ部４６を有し、ＣＣＤカメラ４３から送られる画像データをリアルタイムに表示することができる。使用者は、モニタ部４６に標示される観察対象部位の画像を観察し、管１の材質を判定する。
尚、観察対象部位の画像は、図示しない記憶部に記憶することができる。 [Data processor]
As shown in FIG. 4, the image of the site to be observed which is the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the punched piece 3 is captured by the CCD camera 43. The imaged image data is transmitted from the CCD camera 43 to the data processing device 44 in real time via a communication line 45 connecting the CCD camera 43 and the data processing device 44. The data processing device 44 has a monitor unit 46 and can display image data sent from the CCD camera 43 in real time. The user observes the image of the site to be observed marked on the monitor unit 46 and determines the material of the tube 1.
The image of the site to be observed can be stored in a storage unit (not shown).

次に、本願の材質判定方法を、図８のフロー図に基づいて説明する。
本願の材質判定方法では、まず、管１から穿孔により穿孔片３を切り出す（♯０１）。
次に、穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４を、支持台一体型研磨機３５にて研磨する（♯０２）。この時、穿孔片３は、管内面３ａと管外面３ｂとを工具で挟持した状態で、支持台一体型研磨機３５の穿孔片支持台４０に支持させながら、回転している砥石３９に押し当てるようにして、研磨する。
そして、穿孔片３を、その厚み方向の周縁部４が露出する状態で、穿孔片固定台５（固定機構の一例）に固定する（♯０３）。詳しくは、ハンドル１５により雄螺子部１８を回動操作することで、第１固定部位１３と可動部位１２の間にて、穿孔片３を挟持する。その後、ロック機構１６を作動させ、ハンドル１５の回動を停止させる。これにより、第１固定部位１３に対する可動部位１２の位置が固定され、穿孔片３が、第１固定部位１３と可動部位１２との間で固定される。
その後、穿孔片３に顕微鏡支持体６を固定する（♯０４）。詳しくは、顕微鏡支持体６を構成する一対の固定治具２８により、穿孔片３の管内面３ａと管外面３ｂとを挟持する。固定治具２８の固定軸２９に螺着している蝶型ナット３２を締めることで、固定治具２８を顕微鏡支持体６の環状支持部２３に位置決め固定する。この時、穿孔片３は、その厚み方向の周縁部４のうち、管軸方向での両端部のうちいずれかの部位である管軸方向端部３４が、上下両端にくる姿勢とする。
その後、顕微鏡支持体６の環状支持部２３により、顕微鏡２を位置決め固定する（♯０５）。
そして、顕微鏡２の視野内に穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４が適切に収まるよう、顕微鏡２を環状支持部２３の支持面４７に沿う位置を調整する（♯０６）。この時、顕微鏡２の視野側端２５は、環状壁部２４又は環状壁部２６にて位置規制されているので、顕微鏡２の視野内には、穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４が、おおよそ収まるようになっている。
次に、顕微鏡２の光源４２を点灯させ、顕微鏡２の対物レンズの焦点位置を、観察対象部位である穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４に合わせる（♯０７）。
そして、穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４を顕微鏡２によって作業者の肉眼で観察することにより、穿孔片３（管１）が、ダクタイル鋳鉄片かねずみ鋳鉄片かを判定する（♯０８）。
また、ＣＣＤカメラ４３により、穿孔片３の厚み方向の周縁部４の画像を撮像し、データ処理装置４４に取り込み（♯０９）、データ処理装置４４に取り込まれた画像を、データ処理装置４４のモニタ部４６に表示しながら、穿孔片３（管１）が、ダクタイル鋳鉄片かねずみ鋳鉄片かを判定することもできる（♯１０）。 Next, the material determination method of the present application will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.
In the material determination method of the present application, first, the perforated piece 3 is cut out from the tube 1 by perforation (# 01).
Next, the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 is polished by the support stand integrated polishing machine 35 (# 02). At this time, the perforated piece 3 is pushed against the rotating grindstone 39 while being supported by the perforated piece support base 40 of the support base-integrated polishing machine 35 in a state where the pipe inner surface 3a and the pipe outer surface 3b are held by a tool. Polish as if hitting.
Then, the perforated piece 3 is fixed to the perforated piece fixing base 5 (an example of a fixing mechanism) with the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction exposed (# 03). Specifically, by rotating the male screw portion 18 with the handle 15, the perforated piece 3 is sandwiched between the first fixed portion 13 and the movable portion 12. Thereafter, the lock mechanism 16 is operated to stop the rotation of the handle 15. Thereby, the position of the movable part 12 with respect to the first fixed part 13 is fixed, and the perforated piece 3 is fixed between the first fixed part 13 and the movable part 12.
Thereafter, the microscope support 6 is fixed to the perforated piece 3 (# 04). Specifically, the tube inner surface 3a and the tube outer surface 3b of the punched piece 3 are sandwiched by a pair of fixing jigs 28 constituting the microscope support 6. The fixing jig 28 is positioned and fixed to the annular support portion 23 of the microscope support 6 by tightening the butterfly nut 32 screwed to the fixing shaft 29 of the fixing jig 28. At this time, the perforated piece 3 is configured such that, of the peripheral edge portion 4 in the thickness direction, the end portion 34 in the tube axis direction which is one of both end portions in the tube axis direction comes to both the upper and lower ends.
Thereafter, the microscope 2 is positioned and fixed by the annular support portion 23 of the microscope support 6 (# 05).
Then, the position of the microscope 2 along the support surface 47 of the annular support portion 23 is adjusted so that the peripheral edge portion 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 is properly within the field of view of the microscope 2 (# 06). At this time, since the position of the visual field side end 25 of the microscope 2 is regulated by the annular wall portion 24 or the annular wall portion 26, the peripheral edge portion 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 is within the visual field of the microscope 2. It is about to fit.
Next, the light source 42 of the microscope 2 is turned on, and the focal position of the objective lens of the microscope 2 is adjusted to the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 which is the observation target part (# 07).
Then, the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the perforated piece 3 is observed with the naked eye of the operator by the microscope 2 to determine whether the perforated piece 3 (tube 1) is a ductile cast iron piece or a gray cast iron piece (# 08). .
Further, the CCD camera 43 captures an image of the peripheral edge 4 in the thickness direction of the punched piece 3 and captures it in the data processing device 44 (# 09). The image captured in the data processing device 44 is captured by the data processing device 44. While displaying on the monitor unit 46, it can also be determined whether the perforated piece 3 (tube 1) is a ductile cast iron piece or a gray cast iron piece (# 10).

次に、本願の別実施形態について説明する。
（Ａ）
上記実施形態において、穿孔片固定台５の基礎固定台７は、水平な設置面に設置することができるものとして、説明したが、別に地面に垂直な壁面等にボルト等によって固定する状態で、設置してもよい。 Next, another embodiment of the present application will be described.
(A)
In the above embodiment, the base fixing base 7 of the perforated piece fixing base 5 has been described as being able to be installed on a horizontal installation surface, but in a state of being separately fixed to a wall surface or the like perpendicular to the ground with a bolt or the like, May be installed.

本発明の材質判定方法、及び材質判定装置は、熟練度の低い作業者であっても比較的短い作業時間で、且つ、比較的簡単に材質の判定ができる材質判定方法、及び材質判定装置として、有効に利用可能である。   The material determination method and the material determination apparatus of the present invention are a material determination method and a material determination apparatus that can determine a material relatively easily in a relatively short working time even for a worker with a low level of skill. Is effectively available.

１ ：管
２ ：顕微鏡
３ ：穿孔片
３ａ ：管内面
３ｂ ：管外面
４ ：周縁部
５ ：穿孔片固定台（固定機構の一例）
６ ：顕微鏡支持体
１１ ：挟持部
２３ ：環状支持部
２４ ：他方側の環状壁部
２６ ：一方側の環状壁部
２７ ：切欠部
２８ ：固定治具
２９ ：固定軸
３０ ：磁性体
３４ ：管軸方向端部 1: Tube 2: Microscope 3: Perforated piece 3 a: Tube inner surface 3 b: Tube outer surface 4: Peripheral portion 5: Perforated piece fixing base (an example of a fixing mechanism)
6: Microscope support 11: Clamping part 23: Annular support part 24: The other side annular wall part 26: One side annular wall part 27: Notch part 28: Fixing jig 29: Fixing shaft 30: Magnetic body 34: Tube Axial end

Claims (5)

管の材質を判定する材質判定方法であって、
前記管の穿孔により得られる穿孔片の表面のうち、穿孔時の切削面である厚み方向の周縁部を観察して前記管の材質を判定するに、
前記穿孔片の厚み方向の前記周縁部のうち、管軸方向での両端部のうちいずれかの部位である管軸方向端部が顕微鏡の視野内に入るように、前記穿孔片の管内面と管外面とを挟持して固定し、
固定された前記穿孔片が、その管内面と管外面とを挟持した状態で支持される顕微鏡支持体を、前記穿孔片に取り付け、
前記顕微鏡の視野内に、前記管軸方向端部である観察対象部位が収まるように、前記顕微鏡支持体により前記顕微鏡を位置決め支持して観察を行う材質判定方法。 A material determination method for determining the material of a pipe,
To determine the material of the tube by observing the peripheral portion in the thickness direction, which is the cutting surface during drilling, of the surface of the drilled piece obtained by drilling the tube ,
The tube inner surface of the perforated piece so that a tube axial direction end which is any part of both ends in the tube axial direction among the peripheral portions in the thickness direction of the perforated piece enters the field of view of the microscope. Pinch and fix the outer surface of the tube,
A microscope support that is supported in a state where the fixed perforated piece sandwiches the inner surface and the outer surface of the tube is attached to the perforated piece,
A material determination method for performing observation by positioning and supporting the microscope with the microscope support so that an observation target portion that is an end portion in the tube axis direction is within the visual field of the microscope . 管の表面を顕微鏡によって観察することにより、管の材質を判定するための材質判定装置であって、前記管の穿孔により得られる穿孔片を当該穿孔片の厚み方向の周縁部が露出するように固定する固定機構と、
前記穿孔片が前記固定機構に固定された状態で、前記固定機構又は前記穿孔片に支持される顕微鏡支持体を備え、
前記固定機構又は前記穿孔片から支持された状態で、前記顕微鏡支持体が、前記顕微鏡の視野内に、前記穿孔片の厚み方向の前記周縁部が収まるように前記顕微鏡を位置決め支持し、
前記固定機構は、前記管を穿孔して得られる穿孔片の管内面と管外面を、前記穿孔片の厚み方向の前記周縁部の一部を前記顕微鏡側に向ける状態で、挟持して固定する挟持部を有し、
前記顕微鏡支持体は、一方側に穿孔片を位置させた状態で他方側で前記顕微鏡の視野側端を支持する環状支持部と、前記環状支持部が前記顕微鏡を支持している状態で、前記穿孔片の厚み方向の前記周縁部が前記顕微鏡の視野内に収まるように前記顕微鏡を位置決めする環状壁部とを有する材質判定装置。 A material determination device for determining the material of a tube by observing the surface of the tube with a microscope so that a perforated piece obtained by perforating the tube is exposed at a peripheral portion in the thickness direction of the perforated piece. A fixing mechanism for fixing;
A microscope support that is supported by the fixing mechanism or the perforated piece in a state where the perforated piece is fixed to the fixing mechanism,
In a state where the microscope support is supported from the fixing mechanism or the punched piece, the microscope support is positioned and supported so that the peripheral portion in the thickness direction of the punched piece is within the field of view of the microscope.
The fixing mechanism clamps and fixes the inner surface and the outer surface of the perforated piece obtained by perforating the tube, with a part of the peripheral edge in the thickness direction of the perforated piece facing the microscope side. Having a clamping part,
The microscope support is in a state where a perforated piece is positioned on one side and an annular support part that supports the field side end of the microscope on the other side, and the annular support part supports the microscope, A material determining apparatus comprising: an annular wall portion for positioning the microscope so that the peripheral edge portion in the thickness direction of the punched piece is within the field of view of the microscope . 前記顕微鏡支持体は、前記環状支持部の環軸方向の前記一方側と前記他方側との双方に、前記環状壁部を備え、前記一方側の前記環状壁部が、環径方向で対向する部位に一対の切欠部を有する請求項２に記載の材質判定装置。 The microscope support body includes the annular wall portion on both the one side and the other side in the annular axis direction of the annular support portion, and the annular wall portion on the one side faces in the annular diameter direction. The material judgment device according to claim 2 which has a pair of notches in a part . 前記顕微鏡支持体は、前記環状支持部の環中心へ向けて環径方向で対向して設けられた一対の固定治具を有し、
一対の前記固定治具は、環径方向で前記環状支持部を外側から内側へ貫設した状態で、前記穿孔片の管内面と管外面とを挟持する請求項２又は３に記載の材質判定装置。 The microscope support has a pair of fixing jigs provided facing each other in the radial direction toward the ring center of the annular support part,
4. The material determination according to claim 2, wherein the pair of fixing jigs sandwich the tube inner surface and the tube outer surface of the perforated piece with the annular support portion penetrating from the outside to the inside in the radial direction. apparatus. 前記固定治具は、前記環状支持部に固定可能な状態で、前記環状支持部の環径方向に沿い且つ一端を前記環状支持部の環中心に向けて配置された固定軸と、
前記環状支持部の環中心側の前記固定軸の一端に設けられ、前記固定軸の動きに対して独立な磁性体とを有する請求項４に記載の材質判定装置。 The fixing jig is in a state that it can be fixed to the annular support portion, and a fixing shaft that is disposed along the annular radial direction of the annular support portion and with one end directed toward the ring center of the annular support portion,
The material determination device according to claim 4, further comprising: a magnetic body that is provided at one end of the fixed shaft on the ring center side of the annular support portion and independent of the movement of the fixed shaft .
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