JP5532877B2 - Vehicle battery arrangement structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a battery arrangement structure for a vehicle, and mainly belongs to the field of electric vehicles.

  The weight distribution (front-rear weight distribution) applied to the front and rear wheels of the vehicle has a great influence on the inertial force and the like during acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle, and affects the running performance and steering stability of the vehicle. For this reason, the arrangement of various devices mounted on the vehicle is designed to provide an appropriate front-rear weight distribution. For example, in an FF type (front engine / front drive type) gasoline vehicle, devices such as an engine and a fuel tank are often arranged so that the front-rear weight distribution is about 6: 4.

  By the way, in an electric vehicle, it is sometimes required to have a front-rear weight distribution similar to that of an FF type gasoline vehicle. In that case, since an electric vehicle is equipped with a large battery instead of being equipped with an engine or fuel tank, the distribution of weight in the front and rear changes greatly depending on the arrangement of this battery, and the arrangement depends on the vehicle running performance and steering stability. Will be affected.

  In an electric vehicle, the battery is often mounted in a trunk room at the rear of the vehicle or a space in front of the dash panel at the front of the vehicle, but various other battery arrangements are conceivable. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a center console extending from a dash panel to the vicinity of a rear seat is formed on a floor panel, and a battery is accommodated in the center console.

JP 2007-39004 A

  However, in an electric vehicle, if the battery is accommodated in the space in front of the dash panel, the weight distribution is excessively biased toward the front wheel, and if the battery is accommodated in the trunk room, the weight distribution is excessively biased toward the rear wheel.

  In addition, when the battery is accommodated in the center console as in the technique of Patent Document 1, the battery arrangement is limited between the dash panel and the rear seat, so that the degree of freedom in weight distribution in the front and rear becomes low. Therefore, the load on the rear wheel side tends to increase with respect to an optimal weight distribution such as 6: 4.

  Therefore, by arranging at least a part of the battery on the front side of the dash panel, it is conceivable to obtain a front / rear weight distribution similar to that of the FF gasoline vehicle.

  On the other hand, the space in front of the dash panel in the front part of the vehicle body is required to perform a buffering function against an impact load from the front. Therefore, it is not preferable that the battery exists in front of the dash panel when receiving an impact load from the front. That is, when the front part of the vehicle body is deformed by an impact load from the front and tries to absorb the impact, the battery with high rigidity prevents the deformation, and as a result, the impact is not absorbed so much and is transmitted to the passenger compartment side. There is a risk of deforming the passenger compartment.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a battery arrangement structure for a vehicle that can prevent deformation of the passenger compartment when receiving an impact load from the front while realizing optimal weight distribution of the front and rear wheels. To do.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a battery arrangement structure for a vehicle according to the present invention is configured as follows.

First, the invention according to claim 1 of the present application is
A motor for driving at least one of a front wheel or a rear wheel, a battery for supplying electric power to the motor, a dash panel for partitioning a vehicle interior space and a space ahead of the vehicle interior space, a vehicle interior space, and the vehicle interior With a floor panel that partitions the space below the space,
A vehicle battery mounting structure in which a tunnel portion extending in the vehicle front-rear direction is provided on the floor panel so as to protrude upward,
The battery is inclined so that the rear end portion is lower than the front end portion of the battery, and at least a part of the battery is disposed on the front side of the dash panel , and at least a part of the battery is loaded by a load from the front. as guided within the tunnel portion, provided we are capable retracted,
On the front side of the dash panel, a drive shaft connected to the front wheel is disposed along the vehicle width direction,
At least a part of the battery is arranged above the drive shaft .

The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1,
The battery is disposed across the front and rear sides of the dash panel,
The battery is housed in the tunnel portion behind the dash panel.

Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2,
The vehicle includes a front seat disposed on the floor panel, and a rear seat disposed on the rear side of the front seat on the floor panel,
The tunnel portion is arranged so as to extend rearward from the dash panel to a lower side portion of a seat back of the front seat.

Furthermore, the invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
The battery is supported by a suspension support member that supports a suspension for a front wheel so as to be slidable in the vehicle front-rear direction.

First, according to the first aspect of the present invention, at least a part of the battery is disposed on the front side of the dash panel, so that the optimal weight distribution of the front and rear wheels is achieved, and the battery is loaded by the load from the front. Since the battery can be retracted so that at least a part of the battery is guided into the tunnel portion of the floor panel, the safety of the passenger can be favorably maintained. That is, when the impact load is received from the front, the battery having high rigidity is retracted, so that the deformation of the front portion of the vehicle body can be prevented from being inhibited by the battery. Therefore, the shock absorbing function at the front of the vehicle body can be maintained satisfactorily, and passenger safety can be ensured. Further, since the retreated battery is guided into the tunnel portion of the floor panel, it is possible to reliably prevent the battery from entering the vehicle interior space. In addition, since the battery is inclined and disposed so that the rear end portion is lower than the front end portion of the battery, when the impact load is received from the front, the battery is reliably retracted using its own weight. be able to. Furthermore, since at least a part of the battery is disposed above the drive shaft, the battery can be extended as far as possible while avoiding interference between the battery and the drive shaft, and the battery capacity can be increased. Can contribute.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the battery is disposed on both the front and rear sides of the dash panel, the battery capacity is increased as compared with the case where the entire battery is disposed in front of the dash panel. be able to. Moreover, since the battery is accommodated in the tunnel portion of the floor panel behind the dash panel, the rise of the floor panel can be suppressed, and the battery capacity can be increased without narrowing the vehicle interior space.

  Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 3, since the tunnel portion of the floor panel is disposed so as to extend rearward from the dash panel to the lower end side portion of the seat back of the floor seat, In this case, it is possible to prevent the foot space of the rear seat from being narrowed by the tunnel portion while ensuring the battery storage space and the retreat space as much as possible, and the comfort of the rear seat can be maintained well.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, since the battery is slidably supported by the suspension support member, the use of the support member dedicated to the battery can be omitted, and the increase in the number of parts can be suppressed. it can.

It is sectional drawing which looked at the vehicle provided with the battery arrangement | positioning structure which concerns on 1st Embodiment from the side. It is a bottom view of the vehicle shown in FIG. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the attachment state of the battery with respect to a suspension support member. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the attachment state shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which looked at the vehicle provided with the battery arrangement | positioning structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment from the side. It is a bottom view of the vehicle shown in FIG. It is a bottom view of the vehicle provided with the battery arrangement | positioning structure which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

[First Embodiment]
The cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 and the bottom view of FIG. 2 show the vehicle 1 provided with the battery arrangement structure according to the first embodiment. However, FIG. 2 is a partially broken bottom view in which a part of a pedestal 52 described later is omitted. 3 to 5 are a sectional view taken along line AA, a sectional view taken along line BB, and a sectional view taken along line CC in FIG. 1, respectively.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle 1 is an electric vehicle including a motor 11 that drives the front wheels 2 and a battery 12 that supplies electric power to the motor 11.

  A pair of left and right side sills 28 and 30 extend along the front-rear direction at both ends in the vehicle width direction of the vehicle 1. A pair of left and right side frames 24 and 26 extend in the front-rear direction on the inner side in the vehicle width direction than the side sills 28 and 30, respectively. Front portions of the side frames 24 and 26 in front of a dash panel 18 described later are front side frames 25 and 27.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the side frames 24 and 26 are made of, for example, a steel material having a substantially U-shaped cross section opened upward, and the floor panel 20 is supported on the side frames 24 and 26. The floor panel 20 is provided between the left and right side sills 28 and 30 so as to partition the vehicle interior space 5 and the space below the vehicle interior space 5.

  Returning to FIG. 1, a front seat 6 and a rear seat 8 disposed on the rear side of the front seat 6 are provided on the floor panel 20.

  Further, a dash panel 18 is provided to partition the vehicle interior space 5 and the space ahead of the vehicle interior space 5 so as to rise from the front end of the floor panel 20. Further, a tunnel portion 22 extending in the front-rear direction is provided at the center of the floor panel 20 in the vehicle width direction so as to protrude upward. The tunnel portion 22 is disposed so as to extend rearward from the dash panel 18 to the lower end side portion of the seat back 6 a of the front seat 6. That is, since the tunnel portion 22 is provided without protruding rearward from the front seat 6, the foot space of the rear seat 8 is not narrowed and the comfort of the rear seat is maintained well. It has become. In addition, the tunnel portion 22 is provided with an inclined ceiling surface so as to become lower toward the rear.

  The motor 11 is provided in a motor unit 10 disposed in a space 9 in front of the dash panel 18 in the vehicle 1. In addition to the motor 11, the motor unit 10 includes a differential device and a gear (not shown) for transmitting the driving force of the motor 11 to a drive shaft 14 described later. However, the motor unit 10 may be provided with two motors individually connected to the left and right front wheels 2. In this case, there is no need to provide a differential and a gear. When two motors are provided in the motor unit 10, it is desirable that the two motors are disposed on both the left and right sides of the battery 12.

  A drive shaft 14 that connects the motor unit 10 and the left and right front wheels 2 is disposed in the space 9 along the vehicle width direction. Further, a steering shaft 16 connected to the left and right front wheels 2 is disposed in the space 9 along the vehicle width direction. In the present embodiment, the steering shaft 16 is arranged in front of the drive shaft 14, and the motor unit 10 is arranged such that the front end is arranged above the rear end so as to avoid interference with the steering shaft 16. It is arranged to be inclined.

  The battery 12 has an elongated shape and is disposed along the vehicle front-rear direction. As shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of bolts 65-68 project from the lower surface of the battery 12, and the battery 12 supports a suspension for front wheels (not shown) by the bolts 65-68. The support member 32 is fixed.

  The suspension support member 32 includes a subframe 34 that supports the suspension for the front wheels, and a battery support portion 43 that supports the battery 12. The subframe 34 and the battery support portion 43 are integrally provided.

  The sub-frame 34 is a so-called perimeter frame having a square frame shape in plan view, and a pair of left and right vertical members 35 and 36 extending in the front-rear direction, and a pair of front and rear extending in the vehicle width direction between the left and right vertical members 35 and 36. Side members 37 and 38. The sub-frame 34 includes a pair of rising portions 39 and 40 that rise from both ends in the vehicle width direction of the front lateral member 37, and a pair of connecting portions 41 and 42 that extend forward from the upper ends of the rising portions 39 and 40, respectively. And have. The sub-frame 34 is fixed to the lower surfaces of the front side frames 25 and 27 using, for example, bolts at the pair of connecting portions 41 and 42 and both ends of the rear lateral member 38 in the vehicle width direction. In the present embodiment, the sub-frame 34 is made of a steel material having a square cross section, but the cross-sectional shape of the sub frame 34 is not limited to this, and may be, for example, a U-shaped cross section.

  On the other hand, the battery support portion 43 is provided so as to extend rearward from the subframe 34 and is disposed below the floor panel 20. The battery support portion 43 includes a pair of left and right vertical members 44, 46 extending rearward from the rear horizontal member 38 of the subframe 34, and a horizontal member 48 extending in the vehicle width direction between the rear ends of the vertical members 44, 46. (See FIGS. 1 and 2). The vertical members 44 and 46 and the horizontal member 48 are made of, for example, a steel material having a square cross section. The rear end portion of the battery support portion 43 is connected to the left and right side frames 24 and 26 via a cross member 50 extending in the vehicle width direction (see FIG. 2).

  A pedestal 52 for fixing the battery 12 is attached to the upper surface of the battery support portion 43. The pedestal 52 is formed, for example, by processing a metal plate into a base shape. The pedestal 52 includes a pair of left and right base portions 53 and 54 extending in the front-rear direction, a pair of rising portions 55 and 56 rising from the inner ends of the base portions 53 and 54 in the vehicle width direction, and the rising portions 55 and 56. And an upper surface portion 58 provided between upper end portions of the upper surface portion.

  The left base portion 53 is fixed to the upper surface of the left vertical member 44 of the battery support portion 43, and the right base portion 54 is fixed to the upper surface of the right vertical member 45, for example, by welding.

  Each of the rising portions 55 and 56 is formed so as to become lower toward the rear, whereby the upper surface portion 58 is inclined so as to become lower toward the rear. ing. The inclination angle of the upper surface portion 58 is equal to the inclination angle of the ceiling surface of the tunnel portion 22 described above, and the height from the upper surface portion 58 to the ceiling surface of the tunnel portion 22 as shown in FIGS. Is substantially constant from the front end portion to the rear end portion of the tunnel portion 22.

  In the upper surface portion 58 of the pedestal 52, insertion holes 61 to 64 for inserting the bolts 65 to 68 are formed at positions corresponding to the above-described bolts 65 to 68 of the battery 12. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, when the battery 12 is fixed to the pedestal 52, the bolts 65 to 68 on the lower surface of the battery 12 are inserted through the corresponding insertion holes 61 to 64 of the pedestal 52 from above. Then, the nuts 69 to 72 are screwed and tightened from below.

  Each insertion hole 61-64 is comprised by the long hole long in the vehicle front-back direction. Therefore, the bolts 65 to 68 inserted through the insertion holes 61 to 64 can slide along the vehicle front-rear direction within the insertion holes 61 to 64. In a state where the battery 12 is fixed to the pedestal 52, the bolts 65 to 68 of the battery 12 are fastened by nuts 69 to 72 in a state of being inserted through the front end portions of the corresponding insertion holes 61 to 64, respectively. When 1 receives an impact load from the front, each of the bolts 65 to 68 can be retracted in the insertion holes 61 to 64.

  Thus, the battery 12 is supported by the suspension support member 32 so as to be slidable on the base 52 in the vehicle front-rear direction. Therefore, the use of a battery-specific support member can be omitted, and an increase in the number of parts can be suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the battery 12 attached to the suspension support member 32 as described above is disposed across the front and rear sides of the dash panel 18. Therefore, the degree of freedom in weight distribution between the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 4 is ensured, and an optimal front-rear weight distribution such as 6: 4 can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to obtain good running performance and steering stability of the vehicle 1. The front end portion of the battery 12 is disposed above the drive shaft 14. Therefore, while avoiding interference between the battery 12 and the drive shaft 14, the battery 12 can be projected forward as much as possible, which can contribute to an increase in battery capacity. In this embodiment, the battery 12 has substantially the same cross-sectional shape from the front end portion to the rear end portion. However, in the present invention, the shape of the front end portion of the battery 12 is avoided above the drive shaft 14. The shape of other parts of the battery 12 may be different.

  Further, the battery 12 is accommodated in the tunnel portion 22 on the rear side of the dash panel 18. Therefore, while the battery 12 is disposed over the front and rear of the dash panel 18, the rise of the floor panel 20 is suppressed, and the capacity of the battery 12 can be increased without reducing the vehicle interior space 5.

  Further, the battery 12 is disposed in the tunnel portion 22 in a state in which a required retreat space is left behind the battery 12. Therefore, when the vehicle 1 receives an impact load from the front, the battery 12 can be retracted to a position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIGS. 1 and 2 in the tunnel portion 22. That is, it is possible to prevent the backward movement of the battery 12 from being hindered by the rear wall of the tunnel part 22 or the backward battery 12 entering the vehicle interior space 5 behind the tunnel part 22. In addition, when an impact load is received from the front, a part or all of the battery portion that is disposed in front of the dash panel 18 before receiving the load is guided into the tunnel portion 22, whereby the vehicle interior It is possible to reliably prevent the battery 12 from entering the space 5.

  Further, the battery 12 is disposed so as to be inclined such that the rear end portion is lower than the front end portion of the battery 12. Therefore, when an impact load is received from the front, the battery 12 can be reliably retracted by utilizing its own weight. Moreover, since the inclination angle of the battery 12 is equal to the inclination angle of the ceiling surface of the tunnel portion 22, the battery 12 that has moved backward can be reliably guided into the tunnel portion 22.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, when the impact load is received from the front, the highly rigid battery 12 is retracted, so that the deformation of the front portion of the vehicle body is prevented from being inhibited by the battery 12. be able to. Therefore, the shock absorbing function at the front of the vehicle body can be maintained well and the passenger compartment can be prevented from being deformed, so that the safety of the passenger is maintained well.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the space 9 in front of the dash panel 18, the rear end portion of the motor 10 is disposed so as to overlap the battery 12 in the vehicle front-rear direction. In addition, the motor 10 can be arranged by effectively utilizing the space on the side of the battery 12 while projecting forward.

  In the first embodiment, the battery 12 can be retracted by fixing the battery 12 to the suspension support member 32 through the long holes 61 to 64 of the pedestal 52, but the battery 12 can be retracted. However, the configuration is not limited to this. As another configuration for enabling the battery 12 to move backward, for example, a bolt that breaks when receiving an impact load from the front is used to fix the battery 12 to the suspension support member 32, and the bolt breaks. Alternatively, the battery 12 may be retracted. In this case, it is preferable that a rail for guiding the battery 12 into the tunnel portion 22 is interposed between the battery 12 and the suspension support member 32 while sliding the battery 12 backward.

[Second Embodiment]
The cross-sectional view of FIG. 8 and the bottom view of FIG. 9 show the vehicle 201 provided with the battery arrangement structure according to the second embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in the second embodiment, the entire battery 212 that supplies power to the motor 10 is disposed in front of the dash panel 18. The battery 212 is provided so as to be retractable so that at least a part thereof is guided into the tunnel portion 22 by a load from the front. Therefore, as in the first embodiment, it is possible to prevent the shock absorbing function at the front of the vehicle body from being hindered by the battery 212, so that the vehicle compartment is prevented from being deformed and the retreated battery 212 enters the vehicle interior space 5. Can be prevented. In addition, the dashed-two dotted line of FIG.8 and FIG.9 has shown an example of arrangement | positioning of the battery 12 after reverse | retreat.

  Further, the battery 212 is disposed so as to be inclined so that the rear end portion is lower than the front end portion of the battery 212. The inclination angle of the battery 212 is equal to the inclination angle of the ceiling surface of the tunnel portion 22. Therefore, when receiving an impact load from the front, the battery 212 is reliably guided into the tunnel portion 22 by utilizing the weight of the battery 212.

  In the second embodiment, the configuration for supporting the battery 212 is not particularly limited. For example, when the battery 212 is fixed to the suspension support member 32 via a predetermined member and receives an impact load from the front. It is conceivable that the battery 212 can be retracted when a bolt used for fixing the battery 212 is broken.

  In the second embodiment, the other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. In FIGS. 8 and 9, members having the same functions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals. Yes.

[ Reference embodiment]
The bottom view of FIG. 10 shows the vehicle 301 provided with the battery arrangement structure according to the reference embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 10, in the reference embodiment, the configuration of the motor 310 that drives the front wheels 2 is different from the motor 10 according to the first and second embodiments, and the other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment. is there. That is, also in this reference embodiment, the battery 212 is provided so as to be able to retreat so that at least a part thereof is guided into the tunnel portion 22 by a load from the front. In addition, the dashed-two dotted line of FIG. 10 has shown an example of arrangement | positioning of the battery 12 after reverse | retreat. In FIG. 10, members having the same functions as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The motor 310 according to the reference embodiment is an in-wheel motor and is directly connected to the left and right front wheels 2. Therefore, since the power of the motor 310 can be directly transmitted to the front wheels 2, the use of the drive shaft 14 according to the first and second embodiments can be omitted. Therefore, in the space 9 in front of the dash panel 18 in the vehicle 1, the degree of freedom of the arrangement of the battery 212 is improved, and the optimal weight distribution of the front and rear wheels can be realized more easily.

The battery used in the reference embodiment is not limited to the battery 212 similar to the second embodiment, and does not prevent the use of the battery 12 similar to the first embodiment. .

  While the present invention has been described with reference to the above-described embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the battery 12 that supplies power to the front-wheel drive motor 10 has been described. However, the present invention is equally applicable to a battery that supplies power to a rear-wheel drive motor or a four-wheel drive motor. Can be applied.

  As described above, according to the present invention, in a vehicle including a wheel driving motor and a battery that supplies electric power to the motor, an impact load is applied from the front while realizing optimal weight distribution of the front and rear wheels. Since it is possible to prevent deformation of the passenger compartment when it is received, there is a possibility that it can be suitably used in the field of manufacturing this type of vehicle.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle 2 Front wheel 4 Rear wheel 5 Car interior space 6 Front seat 8 Rear seat 11 Motor 12 Battery 14 Drive shaft 18 Dash panel 20 Floor panel 22 Tunnel part 32 Suspension support member

Claims (4)

A motor for driving at least one of a front wheel or a rear wheel, a battery for supplying electric power to the motor, a dash panel for partitioning a vehicle interior space and a space ahead of the vehicle interior space, a vehicle interior space, and the vehicle interior With a floor panel that partitions the space below the space,
A vehicle battery mounting structure in which a tunnel portion extending in the vehicle front-rear direction is provided on the floor panel so as to protrude upward,
The battery is inclined so that the rear end portion is lower than the front end portion of the battery, and at least a part of the battery is disposed on the front side of the dash panel , and at least a part of the battery is loaded by a load from the front. as guided within the tunnel portion, provided we are capable retracted,
On the front side of the dash panel, a drive shaft connected to the front wheel is disposed along the vehicle width direction,
At least a part of the battery is disposed above the drive shaft . The battery is disposed across the front and rear sides of the dash panel,
2. The vehicle battery arrangement structure according to claim 1, wherein the battery is accommodated in the tunnel portion behind the dash panel. The vehicle includes a front seat disposed on the floor panel, and a rear seat disposed on the rear side of the front seat on the floor panel,
The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel portion is disposed so as to extend rearward from the dash panel to a lower end side portion of a seat back of the front seat. Battery arrangement structure. The vehicle battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the battery is supported by a suspension support member that supports a suspension for a front wheel so as to be slidable in the vehicle front-rear direction. Arrangement structure.

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