JP5530180B2 - 炭化水素流を冷却する方法及び装置 - Google Patents
炭化水素流を冷却する方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 150
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 150
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims description 148
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 215
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000031481 Pathologic Constriction Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036262 stenosis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000037804 stenosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 H 2 O Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011064 split stream procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0211—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0214—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a multi-component refrigerant [MCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle as a dual level refrigeration cascade with at least one MCR cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
- F25J1/0223—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with the subsequent re-vaporisation of the originally liquefied gas at a second location to produce the external cryogenic component
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0254—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation controlling particular process parameter, e.g. pressure, temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
- F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
- F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0292—Refrigerant compression by cold or cryogenic suction of the refrigerant gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/12—External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/18—External refrigeration with incorporated cascade loop
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
天然ガスなどの炭化水素流と第1の冷媒流とを連続的に配置された1以上の一連の共通熱交換器において蒸発する冷媒によって一緒に冷却し、前記一連の共通熱交換器が第1の共通熱交換器を含み、前記第1の共通熱交換器の上流では前記炭化水素流と前記第1の冷媒流とを一緒に冷却せず、前記方法が、
(a)第1の冷媒流を圧縮して圧縮された第1の冷媒流を得る工程;
(b)前記圧縮された第1の冷媒流を周囲によって冷却して或る冷媒温度にする工程;
(c)冷却する炭化水素流を前記冷媒温度よりも低い開始温度にて受け入れる工程;
(d)前記炭化水素流を前記冷媒温度よりも低い炭化水素供給温度にて前記第1の共通熱交換器に供給する工程;
(e)前記工程(b)の冷却後に周囲以外の媒体との熱交換によって前記第1の冷媒流の温度を更に低下させる工程;
(f)前記工程(e)の熱交換の後に前記冷媒温度より低い冷媒供給温度にて前記第1の冷媒流を前記第1の共通熱交換器に供給する工程であって、前記炭化水素供給温度と前記冷媒供給温度との温度差が60℃より小さい前記工程;
を少なくとも含む、前記方法を提供する。
- 第1の冷媒流;
- 前記第1の冷媒流を圧縮して圧縮された第1の冷媒流を得るための圧縮機;
- 前記圧縮された第1の冷媒流を周囲によって冷却して或る冷媒温度にするための周囲冷却装置;
- 前記圧縮され冷却された第1の冷媒流を受け入れ、周囲以外の媒体との熱交換によって前記第1の冷媒流の温度を更に低下させるための予冷熱交換器;
- 冷却すべき炭化水素流を前記冷媒温度より低い開始温度にて供給するための炭化水素供給源;
- 少なくとも前記炭化水素流と前記第1の冷媒流を受け入れて一緒に冷却するための、連続的に配置された1以上の一連の共通熱交換器であって、前記一連の共通熱交換器が第1の共通熱交換器を含み、前記第1の共通熱交換器の上流には前記炭化水素流と前記第1の冷媒流を一緒に冷却できる他の共通熱交換器は存在しない前記一連の共通熱交換器;
- 前記炭化水素流を前記冷媒温度より低い炭化水素供給温度にて受け入れるための、前記第1の共通熱交換器における炭化水素入口;
- 前記冷媒温度より低い冷媒供給温度にて前記第1の冷媒を前記予冷熱交換器から受け入れるための、前記第1の共通熱交換器における第1の冷媒入口であって、前記炭化水素供給温度と前記冷媒供給温度との温度差が60℃より小さい前記第1の冷媒入口;
を備える、天然ガスなどの炭化水素流を冷却するための装置を提供する。
以下、限定するものではないが下記の図面により本発明を更に説明する。
ここでの説明のため、1つの管路とその管路で運ばれる流れとに1つの参照番号を割り当てる。同じ参照番号は同種の構成要素を示す。
第1の冷媒を第1の熱交換器から取り出し、膨張させて第1の熱交換器に戻す工程であって、膨張した第1の冷媒を第1の熱交換器中で少なくとも部分的に蒸発させることで炭化水素流から熱を取り出し、冷却された炭化水素流を得る前記工程;
冷却された炭化水素流を第1の熱交換器から取り出す工程;
を含んだ方法につき3つの実施態様を以下で説明する。
- 炭化水素流の入口及び冷却された炭化水素流の出口、第1の冷媒の入口及び出口、任意の第2の冷媒のための任意の入口及び任意の出口、並びに膨張した第1の冷媒の入口及び少なくとも部分的に蒸発した第1の冷媒の出口を有する第1の熱交換器;及び
- 第1の冷媒のための第1の熱交換器の出口と膨張した第1の冷媒のための入口との間にて第1の熱交換器において熱交換された第1の冷媒を膨張させるための膨張器;
を備え得る。
2 第1の熱交換器
3 第1の予冷熱交換器
4 第2の予冷熱交換器
7、8、9 膨張器(絞り弁)
10 炭化水素流
11、12 スプリッター
14、13 空冷又は水冷装置
110 第1の冷媒流
210 第2の冷媒流
Claims (10)
- 天然ガスなどの炭化水素流を冷却する方法であって、
前記炭化水素流と第1の冷媒流とを連続的に配置された1以上の一連の共通熱交換器において蒸発する冷媒によって一緒に冷却し、前記一連の共通熱交換器が第1の共通熱交換器を含み、前記第1の共通熱交換器の上流では前記炭化水素流と前記第1の冷媒流とは一緒に冷却されず、前記方法が、
(a)第1の冷媒流を圧縮して圧縮された第1の冷媒流を得る工程;
(b)前記圧縮された第1の冷媒流を周囲の空気または周囲の水によって冷却して或る冷媒温度にする工程;
(c)第2の予冷熱交換器において冷却すべき炭化水素流を前記冷媒温度よりも低い開始温度にて受け、および前記炭化水素流を前記第2の予冷熱交換器に通す工程;
(d)その後、前記炭化水素流を前記冷媒温度よりも低い炭化水素供給温度にて、前記第1の共通熱交換器である第1の予冷熱交換器に供給する工程;
(e)前記工程(b)の冷却後に、前記第2の予冷熱交換器において前記炭化水素流による熱交換によって前記第1の冷媒流の温度を更に低下させ、これにより前記炭化水素流を加熱する工程;
(f)前記工程(e)の熱交換の後に前記冷媒温度より低い冷媒供給温度にて前記第1の冷媒流を前記第1の共通熱交換器に供給する工程であって、前記炭化水素供給温度と前記冷媒供給温度との温度差が60℃より小さい前記工程;
(g)前記連続的に配置された1以上の一連の共通熱交換器において蒸発する冷媒によって前記炭化水素流と前記第1の冷媒流とを一緒に冷却する工程;ここで前記第1の共通熱交換器への前記炭化水素流の前記供給工程の上流にて冷却すべき前記炭化水素流が周囲の空気または周囲の水以外の媒体である、
を少なくとも含む、前記方法。 - 前記温度差が5℃より小さい請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記温度差が前記開始温度と前記冷媒温度との初期の温度差よりも小さい請求項1又は2のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- (h)前記連続的に配置された1以上の一連の共通熱交換器から前記炭化水素流を冷却された炭化水素流として取り出す工程、
を含む請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - 第2の冷媒を前記第1の共通熱交換器に供給することを更に含む請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の冷媒流及び炭化水素流に加えて、工程(g)において前記第2の冷媒も一緒に冷却する、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記第2の冷媒を前記第1の共通熱交換器に供給する前に、前記第2の冷媒流を圧縮して圧縮された第2の冷媒流を得、周囲の空気または周囲の水によって冷却し、周囲の空気または周囲の水以外の媒体との熱交換により更に冷却する、請求項5又は6に記載の方法。
- (i)工程(h)において取り出された前記冷却された炭化水素流を少なくとも第2の熱交換器において更に冷却して液化された炭化水素流を得る工程、
を含む請求項4〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 蒸発する冷媒によって前記炭化水素流と前記第1の冷媒流とを一緒に冷却する前記工程が、
前記第1の冷媒を前記第1の共通熱交換器から取り出し;
それを膨張させ;
それを前記第1の共通熱交換器に戻し、膨張した第1の冷媒を前記第1の共通熱交換器において少なくとも部分的に蒸発させることで前記炭化水素流及び少なくとも前記第1の冷媒流から熱を除去する、
ことを含む請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 - - 第1の冷媒流;
- 前記第1の冷媒流を圧縮して圧縮された第1の冷媒流を得るための圧縮機;
- 前記圧縮された第1の冷媒流を周囲の空気または周囲の水によって冷却して或る冷媒温度にするための周囲冷却装置;
- 冷却すべき炭化水素流を前記冷媒温度より低い開始温度にて供給するための炭化水素供給源;
- 前記圧縮され冷却された第1の冷媒流を受け入れ、前記冷却すべき炭化水素流との熱交換によって前記第1の冷媒流の温度を更に低下させるための第2の予冷熱交換器;
- 少なくとも前記炭化水素流と前記第1の冷媒流を受け入れて一緒に冷却するための、連続的に配置された1以上の一連の共通熱交換器であって、前記一連の共通熱交換器が第1の共通熱交換器を含み、前記第1の共通熱交換器の上流には前記炭化水素流と前記第1の冷媒流を一緒に冷却できる他の共通熱交換器は存在しない前記一連の共通熱交換器、ここで前記第1の共通熱交換器は第1の予冷熱交換器であり;
- 前記第2の予冷熱交換器から前記炭化水素流を前記冷媒温度より低い炭化水素供給温度にて受け入れるための、前記第1の共通熱交換器における炭化水素入口;
- 前記冷媒温度より低い冷媒供給温度にて前記第1の冷媒を前記第2の予冷熱交換器から受け入れるための、前記第1の共通熱交換器における第1の冷媒入口であって、前記炭化水素供給温度と前記冷媒供給温度との温度差が60℃より小さい前記第1の冷媒入口;ここで、前記第1の共通熱交換器の上流にて冷却すべき前記炭化水素流が周囲の空気または周囲の水以外の媒体である、
を備える、天然ガスなどの炭化水素流を冷却するための装置。
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US20120103011A1 (en) * | 2009-07-03 | 2012-05-03 | Francois Chantant | Method and apparatus for producing a cooled hydrocarbon stream |
KR101787335B1 (ko) * | 2010-06-30 | 2017-10-19 | 쉘 인터내셔날 리써취 마트샤피지 비.브이. | 메탄을 포함하는 탄화수소 스트림의 처리 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 |
US10359228B2 (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2019-07-23 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Liquefaction method and system |
WO2024008330A1 (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2024-01-11 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie - S.R.L. | Gas liquefaction system with multiple refrigerant cycles |
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FR2471566B1 (fr) | 1979-12-12 | 1986-09-05 | Technip Cie | Procede et systeme de liquefaction d'un gaz a bas point d'ebullition |
FR2471567B1 (fr) * | 1979-12-12 | 1986-11-28 | Technip Cie | Procede et systeme de refrigeration d'un fluide a refroidir a basse temperature |
US4548629A (en) * | 1983-10-11 | 1985-10-22 | Exxon Production Research Co. | Process for the liquefaction of natural gas |
US4778497A (en) * | 1987-06-02 | 1988-10-18 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process to produce liquid cryogen |
US4970867A (en) * | 1989-08-21 | 1990-11-20 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Liquefaction of natural gas using process-loaded expanders |
FR2703762B1 (fr) * | 1993-04-09 | 1995-05-24 | Maurice Grenier | Procédé et installation de refroidissement d'un fluide, notamment pour la liquéfaction de gaz naturel. |
US5379597A (en) * | 1994-02-04 | 1995-01-10 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Mixed refrigerant cycle for ethylene recovery |
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DE19728153C2 (de) * | 1997-07-03 | 1999-09-23 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes |
DE29823450U1 (de) | 1998-01-19 | 1999-06-02 | Linde Ag, 65189 Wiesbaden | Vorrichtung zum Verflüssigen eines Kohlenwasserstoff-reichen Stromes |
FR2778232B1 (fr) | 1998-04-29 | 2000-06-02 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede et dispositif de liquefaction d'un gaz naturel sans separation de phases sur les melanges refrigerants |
TW477890B (en) | 1998-05-21 | 2002-03-01 | Shell Int Research | Method of liquefying a stream enriched in methane |
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US6793712B2 (en) * | 2002-11-01 | 2004-09-21 | Conocophillips Company | Heat integration system for natural gas liquefaction |
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