JP5518780B2 - Protective device used in osteogenesis for dental implant treatment - Google Patents

Protective device used in osteogenesis for dental implant treatment Download PDF

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JP5518780B2
JP5518780B2 JP2011077776A JP2011077776A JP5518780B2 JP 5518780 B2 JP5518780 B2 JP 5518780B2 JP 2011077776 A JP2011077776 A JP 2011077776A JP 2011077776 A JP2011077776 A JP 2011077776A JP 5518780 B2 JP5518780 B2 JP 5518780B2
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side wall
upper wall
protective device
wall
bone
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JP2012210345A (en
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知樹 住田
孝志 中村
清幸 佐々木
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Sagawa Printing Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/80Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates
    • A61B17/8061Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates specially adapted for particular bones
    • A61B17/8071Cortical plates, i.e. bone plates; Instruments for holding or positioning cortical plates, or for compressing bones attached to cortical plates specially adapted for particular bones for the jaw
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B2017/568Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor produced with shape and dimensions specific for an individual patient
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61CDENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0003Not used, see subgroups
    • A61C8/0004Consolidating natural teeth
    • A61C8/0006Periodontal tissue or bone regeneration

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Description

本発明は、顎骨の骨欠損患者について、当該顎骨に歯科用インプラントのフィクスチャーを埋め込むための骨造成術を行う際、当該顎骨の骨造成される部位を保護すべく、当該部位に一定期間取り付けて使用される保護デバイスに関する。   The present invention provides a bone defect patient of a jawbone, when performing osteogenesis for embedding a dental implant fixture in the jawbone, to be attached to the jaw bone for a certain period of time in order to protect the bone formation site of the jawbone. The protection device used.

近年、オッセオインテグレーテッド・インプラントと呼ばれる歯科インプラント治療が広く行われるようになってきている。この歯科インプラント治療によれば、顎骨中に埋め込まれるフィクスチャー(歯根部)と、歯の部分に相当する上部構造と、それらを連結するアバットメント(支台部)の3つの部分から構成されたインプラントが使用される。   In recent years, dental implant treatment called osseointegrated implant has been widely performed. According to this dental implant treatment, it is composed of three parts: a fixture (root) embedded in the jawbone, a superstructure corresponding to the tooth part, and an abutment (abutment part) connecting them. An implant is used.

オッセオインテグレーテッド・インプラントにおいては、まず、患者の顎骨(歯槽骨)にフィクスチャーが埋め込まれ、一定の安定期間がおかれる。この安定期間の間に、フィクスチャーがオッセオインテグレーション(骨結合)をする。その後、アバットメント一体型のものは上部構造が、そうでないものはアバットメントと上部構造がフィクスチャーに連結され、治療が完了する。   In an osseointegrated implant, first, a fixture is embedded in a patient's jawbone (alveolar bone), and a certain stable period is set. During this stabilization period, the fixture performs osseointegration. After that, the abutment integrated type is connected to the superstructure, and the other one is connected to the fixture to complete the treatment.

ところで、顎骨の骨欠損患者については、フィクスチャーを埋め込むのに十分な骨幅および高さが得られないので、フィクスチャーの埋め込みに先立って当該骨欠損部位の骨造成術が行われ、あるいは、当該骨欠損部位へのフィクスチャーの埋め込みと同時に骨造成術が行われる。   By the way, for bone defect patients of the jawbone, bone width and height sufficient for implanting the fixture cannot be obtained, so that the bone reconstruction of the bone defect site is performed prior to implantation of the fixture, or Osteoplasty is performed simultaneously with the implantation of the fixture into the bone defect site.

そして、これらの骨造成術においては、通常、骨欠損部位の骨造成が完了するまでの期間、当該部位が、チタン製メッシュシート(チタンメッシュ)で覆われて保護されるようになっている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。チタンメッシュは、厚さが0.1mm程度と非常に薄くてしなやかであり、手で自由に曲げ加工できるようになっている。そして、骨造成術の実施前に、患者のCTデータに基づき、骨欠損部位を含む樹脂製の3次元骨モデルが作成され、手作業によって、このモデルに合わせてチタンメッシュが適当な形状に切り抜かれた後、骨欠損部位にほぼ対応した形状に曲げられる。このチタンメッシュは、手術中、骨造成される部位に適合させるべく、術者によってさらに微調整された後、多数本の骨鋲(ボーンタック)によって顎骨に取り付けられる。その後、チタンメッシュの上から口腔粘膜が縫合されて、手術が終了する。そして、一定期間が経過して骨造成が完了した時点で、再手術がなされ、チタンメッシュが顎骨から取り外される。   In these osteogenesis procedures, the site is usually covered and protected with a titanium mesh sheet (titanium mesh) until bone formation of the bone defect site is completed ( For example, see Patent Document 1). The titanium mesh is very thin and flexible with a thickness of about 0.1 mm, and can be bent freely by hand. Before the osteogenesis, a resin-made three-dimensional bone model including a bone defect site is created based on the patient's CT data, and the titanium mesh is cut into an appropriate shape according to this model by hand. After being extracted, it is bent into a shape substantially corresponding to the bone defect site. The titanium mesh is further finely adjusted by the operator to be adapted to the site of bone formation during the operation, and then attached to the jawbone by a number of bone tacks. Thereafter, the oral mucosa is sutured from above the titanium mesh, and the operation is completed. Then, when the bone formation is completed after a certain period of time has elapsed, re-operation is performed, and the titanium mesh is removed from the jawbone.

しかし、この従来法によれば、チタンメッシュの構造上の強度不足に起因して、多数本の骨鋲による固定が必要であること、およびチタンメッシュの微調整が必要であること等のために手術に長時間を要し、患者の負担が大きくなるという問題があった。また、適当な形状に切り抜かれたチタンメッシュの周端縁にバリが生じている場合があり、縫合された口腔内粘膜の一部がバリによって破られ、そこから感染症が発生する危険性があった。
さらには、チタンメッシュの構造上の強度不足から、骨造成がまだ十分でない時機に、患者が摂食時等に誤ってチタンメッシュを凹ませてしまうこともあり、かかる場合には、期待された審美的な骨造成ができないという問題があった。
However, according to this conventional method, due to the lack of structural strength of the titanium mesh, it is necessary to fix with a large number of urns, and the fine adjustment of the titanium mesh is necessary. There was a problem that the operation took a long time and the burden on the patient was increased. In addition, there may be burrs on the peripheral edge of the titanium mesh that has been cut into a suitable shape, and there is a risk that some of the sutured oral mucosa will be broken by the burrs and infection will occur from there. there were.
Furthermore, due to the lack of structural strength of the titanium mesh, the patient may accidentally dent the titanium mesh at the time of eating, etc. There was a problem that aesthetic bone formation was not possible.

また、従来技術においては、フィクスチャーの埋め込みに先立って骨欠損部位の骨造成術を行うにあたり、骨造成する部位を一定期間保護するのではなく、他の骨移植材とともに顎骨に永久的に埋め込むようにした生体適合性を有するフォームが知られている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。   Also, in the prior art, when performing bone reconstruction of the bone defect site prior to the fixture implantation, the bone formation site is not protected for a certain period of time, but is permanently embedded in the jawbone together with other bone grafting materials. Such a biocompatible foam is known (for example, see Patent Document 2).

フォームは、患者のCTデータに基づく骨欠損部位を含む3次元骨モデルからモールドを形成し、このモールドを用い、手作業により、例えば歯科咬合器を使用して、チタンまたはチタン合金製メッシュシートをプレス加工した後、周縁を適当に切り取り処理することによって形成される。このフォームは、骨欠損部位の回復時の3次元表面形状を有し、内側のチャネル内に骨欠損部位が骨移植材とともに収容可能になっており、骨造成術において、骨欠損部位に骨移植材が充填された後、フォームが当該部位を被覆した状態で、多数本の骨鋲によって顎骨に固定され、さらにその上から口腔粘膜が縫合される。   A foam is formed from a three-dimensional bone model including a bone defect site based on CT data of a patient, and a mesh sheet made of titanium or a titanium alloy is manually formed using the mold, for example, using a dental articulator. After press working, the peripheral edge is appropriately cut out. This foam has a three-dimensional surface shape at the time of recovery of the bone defect site, and the bone defect site can be accommodated together with the bone graft material in the inner channel. After the material is filled, the foam is fixed to the jawbone by a number of osteoclastic bones covering the site, and the oral mucosa is sutured from above.

しかし、このフォームについても、前述のチタンメッシュと同様、フォームの構造上の強度不足に起因する多数本の骨鋲による固定の問題、およびフォーム周縁部のバリによる感染症発生の問題、さらには、骨造成の初期段階での患者の不注意によるフォームの望ましくない変形の問題があった。   However, as with the above-described titanium mesh, this foam also has a problem of fixing due to a large number of urns caused by insufficient strength in the structure of the foam, a problem of infectious diseases due to burrs on the periphery of the foam, There was a problem of undesirable deformation of the foam due to patient carelessness in the early stages of bone formation.

特開2008−188037号公報(段落[0005])JP 2008-188037 A (paragraph [0005]) 米国特許第6,645,250号明細書US Pat. No. 6,645,250

したがって、本発明の課題は、歯科インプラント治療の骨造成術の手術時間を短縮して患者の負担を軽減し、術後の感染症のリスクを低減し、さらに、審美的な骨造成が確実に行えるようにすることにある。   Therefore, the problem of the present invention is to shorten the operation time of osteogenesis for dental implant treatment, reduce the burden on the patient, reduce the risk of postoperative infection, and further ensure aesthetic bone formation. It is to be able to do it.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明は、顎骨の骨欠損患者について、当該顎骨に歯科用インプラントのフィクスチャーを埋め込むための骨造成術を行う際、当該顎骨の骨造成される部位を保護すべく、当該部位に一定期間取り付けて使用される保護デバイスであって、患者のCTデータに基づき、ラピッドプロトタイピング技術を用いて製造され、第1の側壁と、前記第1の側壁から間隔をあけて配置された第2の側壁と、前記第1および第2の側壁間にのび、前記第1および第2の側壁を接続する上壁と、を備えた、下向きに開いた実質上U字状またはC字状またはコ字状断面の板状をなし、前記骨造成される部位の復元時の3次元表面形状に対応する形状を有し、前記第1の側壁、前記第2の側壁および前記上壁の内側に形成されたチャネル内に、前記部位が収容されるようになっており、周縁は滑らかに縁取りされ、前記第1の側壁、前記第2の側壁および前記上壁には貫通穴が形成され、前記上壁、および前記第1の側壁の前記上壁との接続部近傍、および前記第2の側壁の前記上壁との接続部近傍の空孔率が、前記第1の側壁の前記上壁との接続部近傍以外の部分および前記第2の側壁の前記上壁との接続部近傍以外の部分の空孔率よりも小さくなっており、前記上壁は、前記チャネルの少なくとも一方の端側の縁に、下向きに突出するフランジを備え、前記第1または第2の側壁の下端部に、スクリューの挿通穴が少なくとも1個設けられ、前記部位に上から被せた状態で、前記スクリューによって前記顎骨に固定されるものであることを特徴とする保護デバイスを構成したものである。
ここで、顎骨には上顎骨と下顎骨があるところ、本発明の構成を規定するに当たり、上下の位置関係は下顎骨を基準にしている。しかしながら、この上下の位置関係を逆転させれば、本発明を、上顎骨に対しても、下顎骨と全く同様に適用可能であり、よって、本発明の構成は下顎骨に対するものに限定されない。以下同様。
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is intended to protect a bone-constructed site of a jaw bone in a bone defect patient of a jaw bone when performing a bone reconstruction for embedding a dental implant fixture in the jaw bone. , A protection device that is used by being attached to the site for a certain period, and is manufactured using rapid prototyping technology based on CT data of a patient, and is spaced apart from the first side wall and the first side wall. A downwardly opened substantially U-shape comprising: a disposed second sidewall; and an upper wall extending between the first and second sidewalls and connecting the first and second sidewalls; It has a plate shape with a C-shaped or U-shaped cross section, and has a shape corresponding to a three-dimensional surface shape at the time of restoration of the bone-constructed portion, and includes the first side wall, the second side wall, and the top A channel formed inside the wall Within, the are adapted to the site is accommodated, the peripheral edge is smooth edged, said first sidewall, said the second sidewall and the top wall through hole is formed, the upper wall, and The porosity of the first side wall in the vicinity of the connection with the upper wall and the vicinity of the connection of the second side wall with the upper wall are in the vicinity of the connection with the upper wall of the first side wall. The porosity of the portion other than the portion other than the vicinity of the connecting portion of the second side wall and the upper wall is smaller than the porosity of the second side wall, and the upper wall faces downward at the edge on at least one end side of the channel. And at least one screw insertion hole is provided at the lower end of the first or second side wall, and is fixed to the jawbone by the screw in a state of covering the portion from above. Constructing a protection device characterized by being Those were.
Here, the jawbone includes a maxilla and a mandible, and in defining the configuration of the present invention, the vertical positional relationship is based on the mandible. However, if the vertical positional relationship is reversed, the present invention can be applied to the maxilla in exactly the same manner as the mandible, and the configuration of the present invention is not limited to that of the mandible. The same applies below.

上記構成において、前記保護デバイスは、0.3mm〜1.0mmの厚さを有していることが好ましく、また、前記上壁から前記第1および第2の側壁のそれぞれへの移行部が、残りの部分よりも厚くなっていることが好ましい。
さらに、前記保護デバイスは、チタン製またはチタン合金製であることが好ましい。
In the above configuration, the protection device preferably has a thickness of 0.3 mm to 1.0 mm, and a transition portion from the upper wall to each of the first and second side walls includes: It is preferably thicker than the rest .
Furthermore, the protection device is preferably made of titanium or a titanium alloy.

本発明によれば、保護デバイスは、患者のCTデータに基づき、RP技術を用いて形成されるので、骨造成術が行われる前に、保護デバイスを、患者の骨造成される部位に適合し、機能的および審美的な観点から期待される骨形状が得られるように予め設計することができ、骨造成術が行われ間に、術者が保護デバイスを微調整する必要がない。また、保護デバイスは一定の構造上の強度を有しているので、1本またはせいぜい2、3本のスクリューで顎骨に固定できる。その結果、骨造成術の手術時間が従来よりも大幅に短縮され、患者の負担は著しく軽減される。さらに、保護デバイスは一定の構造上の強度を有し、予め設計された形状から容易に変形することがないので、患者が、保護デバイスの装着中に保護デバイスを凹ましてしまうおそれが殆どなく、それによって、審美的な骨造成を確実に達成することができる。
また、保護デバイスの使用中に、保護デバイスを被覆する口腔粘膜が保護デバイスによって破られることがなく、手術後の感染症発生のリスクが低減される。
According to the present invention, the protective device is formed using RP technology based on the patient's CT data, so that the protective device is adapted to the site of the patient's bone before the osteotomy is performed. It can be pre-designed to obtain the expected bone shape from a functional and aesthetic point of view, and the surgeon does not need to fine-tune the protective device during the osteogenesis procedure. Also, since the protection device has a certain structural strength, it can be fixed to the jawbone with one or at most a few screws. As a result, the operation time for bone reconstruction is significantly shortened compared to the conventional case, and the burden on the patient is remarkably reduced. Furthermore, since the protective device has a certain structural strength and does not easily deform from a pre-designed shape, there is little risk that the patient will dent the protective device while wearing the protective device, Thereby, aesthetic bone formation can be achieved reliably.
In addition, during use of the protective device, the oral mucosa covering the protective device is not broken by the protective device, and the risk of occurrence of infection after surgery is reduced.

本発明の1実施例による保護デバイスの立体図である。1 is a three-dimensional view of a protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図1の保護デバイスの側面図である。It is a side view of the protection device of FIG. 図1の保護デバイスのチャネルの一端側から見た図である。It is the figure seen from the one end side of the channel of the protection device of FIG. 図1の保護デバイスの変形例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the modification of the protection device of FIG. 図1の保護デバイスの装着状態を示す立体図である。FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view showing a wearing state of the protection device of FIG. 1.

以下、添付図面を参照して本発明の好ましい実施例を説明する。図1は、本発明の1実施例による保護デバイスの立体図であり、図2は、図1の保護デバイスの側面図である。また、図3は、図1の保護デバイスのチャネルの一端側から見た図であり、図4は、図1の保護デバイスのチャネルの他端側から見た図である。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the protection device of FIG. 3 is a view as seen from one end side of the channel of the protection device of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a view as seen from the other end side of the channel of the protection device of FIG.

本発明の保護デバイスは、患者のCTデータに基づき、ラピッドプロトタイピング(RP)技術を用いて製造される。保護デバイスは、チタンまたはチタン合金から製造されることが好ましい。
図1〜図4を参照して、本発明の保護デバイス1は、第1の側壁2と、第1の側壁2から間隔をあけて配置された第2の側壁3と、第1および第2の側壁2、3間にのび、第1および第2の側壁2、3を接続する上壁4とを備えた、下向きに開いた実質上U字状またはC字状またはコ字状断面の板状をなしている。
The protection device of the present invention is manufactured using rapid prototyping (RP) technology based on patient CT data. The protective device is preferably manufactured from titanium or a titanium alloy.
1 to 4, the protection device 1 of the present invention includes a first side wall 2, a second side wall 3 spaced from the first side wall 2, and first and second side walls. A substantially U-shaped, C-shaped or U-shaped cross-section plate having a downward opening and having an upper wall 4 extending between the first and second side walls 2 and 3 and connecting the first and second side walls 2 and 3. It has a shape.

本発明の保護デバイス1は、手指で容易に曲げられない程度の構造上の強度を有していなければならず、そのため、0.1〜1.5mm、好ましくは0.3〜1.0mmの厚さを有している。この場合、保護デバイス1の全体を一様な厚さに形成してもよいし、大きな強度が必要とされる部分は厚くする一方、小さい強度で十分な部分は薄くするように、例えば、上壁4から第1および第2の側壁2、3のそれぞれへの移行部が残りの部分よりも厚くなるようにしてもよい。また、保護デバイス1の補強のために、必要に応じて、第1の側壁2から上壁4を経て第2の側壁3に向かってのびる少なくとも1本のリブ9が設けられる。   The protective device 1 of the present invention must have a structural strength that is not easily bent by fingers, so that it is 0.1 to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.3 to 1.0 mm. It has a thickness. In this case, for example, the entire protective device 1 may be formed to have a uniform thickness, and a portion where a high strength is required is thickened, while a sufficient portion with a small strength is thinned. You may make it the transition part from the wall 4 to each of the 1st and 2nd side walls 2 and 3 thicker than a remaining part. For reinforcement of the protection device 1, at least one rib 9 extending from the first side wall 2 through the upper wall 4 toward the second side wall 3 is provided as necessary.

保護デバイス1は、骨造成される部位の復元時の3次元表面形状に対応する形状を有していて、第1の側壁2、第2の側壁3および上壁4の内側に形成されたチャネル5内に、当該部位が収容されるようになっている。   The protective device 1 has a shape corresponding to the three-dimensional surface shape at the time of restoration of a site to be boned, and is a channel formed inside the first side wall 2, the second side wall 3, and the upper wall 4. The part is accommodated in 5.

また、保護デバイス1の周縁8は、滑らかに縁取りされ、第1の側壁2、第2の側壁3および上壁4には、所定の空孔率、好ましくは、30%〜50%の空孔率で貫通穴6が形成される。
貫通穴6は、骨造成がなされる間の血流を確保するために必要であり、そのためには、できるだけ貫通穴6の個数を増やせばよいが、保護デバイス1の全体に占める貫通穴6の割合が大きくなればなるほど、保護デバイス1の構造上の強度は低下する。そして、空孔率を30%〜50%にすれば、血流の確保と強度の維持を両立させることができる。さらに、この場合、上壁4、および第1の側壁2の上壁4との接続部近傍、および第2の側壁3の上壁4との接続部近傍の空孔率を、第1の側壁2の上壁4との接続部近傍以外の部分および第2の側壁3の上壁4との接続部近傍以外の部分の空孔率よりも小さくすることが好ましい。
The peripheral edge 8 of the protection device 1 is smoothly edged, and the first side wall 2, the second side wall 3 and the upper wall 4 have a predetermined porosity, preferably 30% to 50%. Through holes 6 are formed at a rate.
The through holes 6 are necessary for ensuring blood flow during bone formation. For this purpose, the number of through holes 6 may be increased as much as possible. The greater the proportion, the lower the structural strength of the protection device 1. And if porosity is made into 30%-50%, both ensuring of blood flow and maintenance of intensity | strength can be made compatible. Further, in this case, the porosity in the vicinity of the upper wall 4 and in the vicinity of the connecting portion with the upper wall 4 of the first side wall 2 and in the vicinity of the connecting portion with the upper wall 4 of the second side wall 3 is determined as the first side wall. It is preferable that the porosity of the portion other than the vicinity of the connection portion with the upper wall 4 and the portion other than the vicinity of the connection portion with the upper wall 4 of the second side wall 3 is smaller.

本発明によれば、所定の空孔率が達成されればよく、貫通穴6を、円形や楕円形、あるいは三角形や四角形等の多角形等の任意の形状とすることができる。なお、貫通穴6の大きさは、骨造成の過程で骨欠損部位から生じた骨細片等の顆粒が、保護デバイス1の内側から突き出さない程度に設定される。この場合、貫通穴6を、保護デバイスの全体にわたって同じ大きさにしてもよいし、保護デバイス1の所定の領域毎に、異なる大きさの貫通穴6を形成してもよい。また、保護デバイス1の所定の領域に、ハニカム構造の貫通穴6を設けることもできる。   According to the present invention, it is sufficient that a predetermined porosity is achieved, and the through hole 6 can be formed in an arbitrary shape such as a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon such as a triangle or a rectangle. The size of the through hole 6 is set to such an extent that granules such as bone fragments generated from the bone defect site in the process of bone formation do not protrude from the inside of the protection device 1. In this case, the through holes 6 may be the same size throughout the protection device, or different sizes of the through holes 6 may be formed for each predetermined region of the protection device 1. Further, a through-hole 6 having a honeycomb structure can be provided in a predetermined region of the protection device 1.

また、保護デバイス1の周縁8の滑らかな縁取りにより、骨造成術において、保護デバイス1の上から縫合される口腔粘膜が、保護デバイス1によって破られることが防止される。   In addition, the smooth edging of the peripheral edge 8 of the protective device 1 prevents the oral mucosa sutured from above the protective device 1 from being broken by the protective device 1 in the osteotomy.

さらに、第1または第2の側壁2、3、すなわち、保護デバイス1を骨造成される部位に取り付けたときに、患者の正面を向く方の側壁の下端部に、スクリューの挿通穴7が1個設けられている。この場合、挿通穴7は通常1個で足りるが、必要に応じて、複数個の挿通穴7が設けられる。   Further, when the first or second side wall 2 or 3, that is, when the protection device 1 is attached to the site to be boned, a screw insertion hole 7 is provided at the lower end of the side wall facing the front of the patient. One is provided. In this case, one insertion hole 7 is usually sufficient, but a plurality of insertion holes 7 are provided as necessary.

また、別の好ましい実施例によれば、保護デバイス1の構造上の強度を高めるべく、図4に示すように、上壁4は、チャネル5の少なくとも一方の端側の縁に、下向きに突出するフランジ13を備えている。   According to another preferred embodiment, in order to increase the structural strength of the protection device 1, the upper wall 4 protrudes downward on the edge of at least one end of the channel 5 as shown in FIG. The flange 13 is provided.

本発明の保護デバイス1は、歯科用インプラントのフィクスチャーの埋め込みに先立つ患者の顎骨の骨欠損部位の骨造成術において、あるいは、当該骨欠損部位へのフィクスチャーの埋め込みと同時の骨造成術において、当該顎骨の骨造成される部位を保護すべく、図5に示すように、当該部位12に上から被せた状態で、スクリュー10によって顎骨11に固定される。そして、保護デバイス1の固定後、保護デバイス1の上から口腔粘膜が縫合され、手術が完了する。その後、一定期間が経過して骨造成が完了した時点で、再び手術が行われ、保護デバイス1が取り外される。   The protective device 1 of the present invention is used in the osteogenesis of the bone defect site of the patient's jaw bone prior to the implantation of the dental implant fixture, or in the osteogenesis operation simultaneously with the implantation of the fixture in the bone defect site. As shown in FIG. 5, in order to protect the part of the jawbone where the bone is formed, the part 12 is fixed to the jawbone 11 with the screw 10 in a state of covering the part 12 from above. After the protection device 1 is fixed, the oral mucosa is sutured from above the protection device 1 to complete the operation. Thereafter, when bone formation is completed after a certain period of time, the surgery is performed again, and the protective device 1 is removed.

本発明によれば、保護デバイス1は、患者のCTデータに基づき、RP技術を用いて形成されるので、骨造成術が行われる前に、保護デバイス1を、患者の骨造成される部位に適合し、機能面および審美性の面から期待される形状が得られるように予め設計することができ、骨造成術中の術者による微調整が不要となり、さらに、保護デバイス1は一定の構造上の強度を有しているので、1本またはせいぜい2、3本のスクリューで顎骨に固定することができる。その結果、骨造成術の手術時間が従来よりも大幅に短縮され、患者の負担が著しく軽減される。   According to the present invention, since the protection device 1 is formed using the RP technique based on the CT data of the patient, the protection device 1 is placed on the site where the patient's bone is formed before the osteogenesis is performed. It can be designed in advance so as to obtain the shape expected from the aspect of function and aesthetics, and fine adjustment by the operator during the osteotomy is not required, and the protection device 1 has a certain structure. Therefore, it can be fixed to the jaw bone with one or at most a few screws. As a result, the operation time for bone reconstruction is significantly shortened compared to the conventional case, and the burden on the patient is remarkably reduced.

また、保護デバイスは一定の構造上の強度を有し、予め設計された形状から容易に変形しないので、患者が、保護デバイスの装着中に保護デバイスを凹ませてしまうおそれが殆どなく、それによって、審美的な骨造成が確実に行える。
また、保護デバイス1が取り付けられている間、縫合された口腔骨造成が保護デバイス1によって破られることが防止されるので、術後の感染症発生のリスクが低減される。
Also, since the protective device has a certain structural strength and does not easily deform from a pre-designed shape, there is little risk that the patient will dent the protective device while wearing the protective device, thereby An aesthetic bone formation can be surely performed.
Further, since the sutured oral bone formation is prevented from being broken by the protective device 1 while the protective device 1 is attached, the risk of occurrence of postoperative infection is reduced.

1 保護デバイス
2 第1の側壁
3 第2の側壁
4 上壁
5 チャネル
6 貫通穴
7 スクリューの挿通穴
8 周縁
9 リブ
10 スクリュー
11 顎骨
12 骨欠損部位
13 フランジ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Protection device 2 1st side wall 3 2nd side wall 4 Upper wall 5 Channel 6 Through-hole 7 Screw insertion hole 8 Perimeter 9 Rib 10 Screw 11 Jaw bone 12 Bone defect site 13 Flange

Claims (3)

顎骨の骨欠損患者について、当該顎骨に歯科用インプラントのフィクスチャーを埋め込むための骨造成術を行う際、当該顎骨の骨造成される部位を保護すべく、当該部位に一定期間取り付けて使用される保護デバイスであって、
患者のCTデータに基づき、ラピッドプロトタイピング技術を用いて製造され、
第1の側壁と、前記第1の側壁から間隔をあけて配置された第2の側壁と、前記第1および第2の側壁間にのび、前記第1および第2の側壁を接続する上壁と、を備えた、下向きに開いた実質上U字状またはC字状またはコ字状断面の板状をなし、
前記骨造成される部位の復元時の3次元表面形状に対応する形状を有し、前記第1の側壁、前記第2の側壁および前記上壁の内側に形成されたチャネル内に、前記部位が収容されるようになっており、
周縁は滑らかに縁取りされ、前記第1の側壁、前記第2の側壁および前記上壁には貫通穴が形成され、前記上壁、および前記第1の側壁の前記上壁との接続部近傍、および前記第2の側壁の前記上壁との接続部近傍の空孔率が、前記第1の側壁の前記上壁との接続部近傍以外の部分および前記第2の側壁の前記上壁との接続部近傍以外の部分の空孔率よりも小さくなっており、
前記上壁は、前記チャネルの少なくとも一方の端側の縁に、下向きに突出するフランジを備え、
前記第1または第2の側壁の下端部に、スクリューの挿通穴が少なくとも1個設けられ、
前記部位に上から被せた状態で、前記スクリューによって前記顎骨に固定されるものであることを特徴とする保護デバイス。
For bone defect patients of the jawbone, when performing bone reconstruction to implant the dental implant fixture in the jawbone, it is used by attaching to the portion of the jawbone for a certain period to protect A protective device,
Based on patient CT data, manufactured using rapid prototyping technology,
A first side wall; a second side wall spaced from the first side wall; and an upper wall extending between the first and second side walls and connecting the first and second side walls And having a substantially U-shaped or C-shaped or U-shaped cross-sectional plate shape that opens downward,
The portion having a shape corresponding to a three-dimensional surface shape at the time of restoration of the portion to be boned is formed in a channel formed inside the first side wall, the second side wall, and the upper wall. Have been housed,
A peripheral edge is smoothly edged, and through holes are formed in the first side wall, the second side wall, and the upper wall, the upper wall, and the vicinity of the connection portion of the first side wall with the upper wall, And the porosity of the second side wall in the vicinity of the connection portion with the upper wall is a portion other than the vicinity of the connection portion of the first side wall with the upper wall and the upper wall of the second side wall. It is smaller than the porosity of the part other than the vicinity of the connection part,
The upper wall includes a flange projecting downward at an edge on at least one end side of the channel,
At least one screw insertion hole is provided at the lower end of the first or second side wall,
The protective device, which is fixed to the jawbone by the screw in a state of covering the part from above.
前記上壁から前記第1および第2の側壁のそれぞれへの移行部が、残りの部分よりも厚くなっていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の保護デバイス。The protection device according to claim 1, wherein a transition portion from the upper wall to each of the first and second side walls is thicker than the remaining portion. チタン製またはチタン合金製であることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の保護デバイス。The protective device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protective device is made of titanium or a titanium alloy.
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