JP5516858B2 - Toroidal continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a toroidal continuously variable transmission that can be used for transmissions of automobiles and various industrial machines.

  The use of a toroidal continuously variable transmission as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 has been studied and partially implemented as an automatic transmission for automobiles. This toroidal type continuously variable transmission is called a double cavity type, and supports input-side disks 2 and 2 around both ends of the input shaft 1 via ball splines 3 and 3. Therefore, both the input side disks 2 and 2 are supported concentrically and freely in a synchronized manner. An output gear 4 is supported around the intermediate portion of the input shaft 1 so as to be freely rotatable relative to the input shaft 1. The output side disks 5 and 5 are respectively spline-engaged with both ends of a cylindrical portion provided at the center of the output gear 4. Accordingly, both the output side disks 5 and 5 rotate in synchronism with the output gear 4.

  A plurality (usually 2 to 3) of power rollers 6 and 6 are sandwiched between the input disks 2 and 2 and the output disks 5 and 5, respectively. Each of these power rollers 6 and 6 is rotatably supported by inner surfaces of trunnions 7 and 7 via support shafts 8 and 8 and a plurality of rolling bearings, respectively. The trunnions 7, 7 are pivots 9a, 9b provided concentrically with each other for each trunnion 7, 7 at both ends in the length direction (vertical direction in FIGS. 4 and 6, front and back direction in FIG. 5). Oscillating and displacing around the center. The operation of inclining the trunnions 7 and 7 is performed by displacing the trunnions 7 and 7 in the axial direction of the pivots 9a and 9b by the hydraulic actuators 10 and 10. The inclination angle of 7 is synchronized with each other hydraulically and mechanically.

  That is, when changing the inclination angle of the trunnions 7 and 7 in order to change the transmission ratio between the input shaft 1 and the output gear 4, the trunnions 7 and 7 are moved by the actuators 10 and 10. In opposite directions (same direction with respect to the rotation direction of the disks 2 and 5), for example, the right side power roller 6 in FIG. 6 is on the lower side and the left side power roller 6 in FIG. Respectively. As a result, the direction of the tangential force acting on the contact portion between the peripheral surface of each of the power rollers 6 and 6 and the inner surface of each of the input side disks 2 and 2 and the output side disks 5 and 5 changes. (Side slip occurs at the contact portion). The trunnions 7 and 7 swing (tilt) in opposite directions around the pivots 9a and 9b pivotally supported by the support plates 11 and 11 in accordance with the change in the direction of the force. As a result, the contact position between the peripheral surface of each of the power rollers 6 and 6 and the inner surface of each of the input and output disks 2 and 5 changes, and rotation between the input shaft 1 and the output gear 4 occurs. The gear ratio changes.

  Regardless of the number of these actuators 10, 10, the supply / discharge state of the pressure oil to each of the actuators 10, 10 is performed by one control valve 12, and any one trunnion 7 is moved. I'm trying to provide feedback. This control valve 12 is fitted in a sleeve 14 that is displaced in the axial direction (front and back direction in FIG. 4, left and right direction in FIG. 6) by a stepping motor 13, and axially displaceable on the inner diameter side of the sleeve 14. And a spool 15. The trunnions 7 and 7 are connected to the pistons 16 and 16 of the actuators 10 and 10. The rods 17 and 17 are used to transmit the movements of the pistons 16 and 16 to the trunnions 7 and 7, respectively. Among them, a recess cam 18 is fixed to an end of a rod 17 attached to any one trunnion 7. A feedback mechanism is configured to transmit the movement of the rod 17, that is, the combined value of the displacement amount in the axial direction and the displacement amount in the rotation direction, to the spool 15 via the recess cam 18 and the link arm 19. doing. Moreover, the synchronous cable 20 is spanned between a pair of trunnions 7 and 7 installed in the same cavity part (between the input side disk 2 and the output side disk 5 facing each other), The inclination angles of these trunnions 7, 7 are mechanically synchronized. A synchronization cable (not shown) is also routed between the trunnions 7, 7 installed in different cavities.

  When switching the speed change state, the stepping motor 13 displaces the sleeve 14 to a predetermined position corresponding to the speed ratio to be obtained, and opens the flow path of the control valve 12 in a predetermined direction. As a result, pressure oil is sent to the actuators 10 and 10 in a predetermined direction, and the actuators 10 and 10 displace the trunnions 7 and 7 in a predetermined direction. That is, the trunnions 7 and 7 swing around the pivots 9a and 9b while being displaced in the axial direction of the pivots 9a and 9b as the pressure oil is fed. Then, the movement (axial direction and swing displacement) of any one of the trunnions 7 is transmitted to the spool 15 via a recess cam 18 and a link arm 19 fixed to the end of the rod 17, and this spool 15 is displaced in the axial direction. As a result, in the state where the trunnion 7 is displaced by a predetermined amount, the flow path of the control valve 12 is closed, and the supply and discharge of the pressure oil to the actuators 10 and 10 are stopped.

  During operation of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission as described above, one input side disk 2 (left side in FIGS. 4 and 5) is connected to a loading cam type as shown by a drive shaft 21 connected to a power source such as an engine. Alternatively, it is rotationally driven via a hydraulic pressing device 22. As a result, the pair of input side disks 2 and 2 supported at both ends of the input shaft 1 rotate synchronously while being pressed toward each other. Then, the rotation is transmitted to the output side disks 5 and 5 through the power rollers 6 and 6 and is taken out from the output gear 4.

  When the rotational speed of the input shaft 1 and the output gear 4 is changed, and when the deceleration is first performed between the input shaft 1 and the output gear 4, the trunnions 7 and 7 are moved by the actuators 10 and 10, respectively. The trunnions 9 and 9b are moved in the axial direction to swing the trunnions 7 and 7. The peripheral surfaces of the power rollers 6 and 6 are brought into contact with the central portion of the inner surface of the input side disks 2 and 2 and the outer peripheral portion of the inner surface of the output disks 5 and 5, respectively. Let On the other hand, when increasing the speed, the trunnions 7 and 7 are swung in the reverse direction, and the peripheral surfaces of the power rollers 6 and 6 are set to the outer periphery of the inner surfaces of the input disks 2 and 2. The trunnions 7 and 7 are inclined so as to come into contact with the portions closer to the center of the inner side surfaces of the output side disks 5 and 5 respectively. If the inclination angles of these trunnions 7 and 7 are set in the middle, the intermediate speed ratio (speed ratio) between the input shaft 1 and the output gear 4 including the constant speed transmission state as shown in FIG. can get.

  In the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission constructed and operated as described above, the structure of the portion that transmits the movement of the actuators 10 and 10 to the trunnions 7 and 7 is widely described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and the like. Are known.

  For example, FIG. 7 shows a structure described in Patent Document 2. In the case of this structure, the tip half (upper half) of the rod 17 is press-fitted into the support hole 23 formed in the central part of the pivot 9 a provided at one end (lower end) of the trunnion 7, I try to keep it from falling out. Further, a cylindrical portion 25 provided at the center portion of the piston 16 is fitted to the base half portion (lower half portion) of the rod 17 without rattling, and is screwed to the tip end portion (lower end portion) of the rod 17. The cylindrical portion 25 is fixed to the rod 17 and the trunnion 7 by the nut 26.

JP 09-184554 A JP-A-11-101323

  However, in the case of the structure shown in Patent Document 2, since screws are fixed with bolts, nuts, etc., the screws are loosened due to the tilt of the trunnion, and a gap is generated between the trunnion and the piston, so As a result, the trunnion becomes unstable and the shift response becomes poor. As a result, there is a possibility that shift control and power transmission cannot be performed. For this reason, a large tightening torque is required for screw fixing. Also, when tightening, there is a concern that the trunnion rotates and scratches the traction surface of the disk or power roller.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a structure in which an actuator is screwed to a trunnion and is not affected by loosening of the screw.

In order to achieve the above object, a toroidal continuously variable transmission according to claim 1 includes an input-side disk and an output-side disk supported concentrically so as to be freely rotatable relative to each other, and sandwiched between the two disks. A plurality of power rollers, a plurality of trunnions that are swingable around pivots that are concentrically provided at both ends of each of the power rollers in a state where the power rollers are rotatably supported, and In a toroidal continuously variable transmission comprising a plurality of actuators for displacing trunnions in the axial direction of the pivots and a plurality of rods for transmitting the movements of the actuators to the trunnions,
The actuator has a cylindrical portion provided at the center of the piston,
The cylindrical portion is externally fitted to the rod,
A cylindrical collar member is provided outside the lower end portion of the rod protruding downward from the cylindrical portion, and the actuator is fixed to the trunnion by the collar member, and the collar member is fixed by a screw from a radial direction,
A positioning washer is provided between the cylindrical portion and the collar member,
The outer diameter of the collar member is larger than the cylindrical portion;
A gap (A) in the axial direction of the rod between the collar member and the cylinder body is larger than a gap (B + C) in the axial direction of the rod between the piston and the cylinder body provided with the piston. Is big,
The screw is fixed by a locking nut, and a mounting surface of the locking member of the locking nut is a flat surface .

  According to the present invention, since the collar member is fixed to the trunnion of the actuator by the screw from the radial direction, the trunnion rotates at the time of assembly and damages the traction surface of the disk or the power roller. As is the case with the conventional structure, there is no loosening of the screw due to the tilting of the trunnion, and further, the threading of the rod can be dispensed with.

The figure which shows an example of embodiment of this invention. The lower enlarged view of FIG. AA sectional drawing of FIG. Sectional drawing which shows an example of the conventional toroidal type continuously variable transmission. AA sectional drawing of FIG. BB sectional drawing of FIG. Sectional drawing which takes out and shows the components attached to the conventional trunnion and this trunnion.

  1 to 3 show an example of an embodiment of the present invention. A feature of the present invention is that a piston 16 that constitutes an actuator 10 for displacing the trunnion 7 in the axial direction of pivots 9 and 9 provided at both ends of the trunnion 7 is fixed to a trunnion 7 that rotatably supports a power roller. In the structure of the part. The structure and operation of the other parts are the same as those of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission that has been widely known in the past, including the structure described in FIGS. Therefore, illustrations and descriptions relating to parts equivalent to those of the conventional structure are omitted or simplified, and the following description will focus on the features of the present invention.

  In the case of the trunnion 7 constituting the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of this example, the tip half (upper half) of the rod 17 is press-fitted into the support hole 23 formed in the center of the pivot 9 provided at one end. The pin 24 is used to prevent it from coming off. Then, the cylindrical portion 25 provided at the center portion of the piston 16 is fitted on the base half portion (lower half portion) of the rod 17 without rattling, and the cylinder provided at the distal end portion (lower end portion) of the rod 17. The cylindrical portion is fixed to the rod 17 and the trunnion 7 by a collar member 27 having a shape. Further, the collar member 27 is provided with a screw hole 28 penetrating in the radial direction in the collar member 27, and a groove portion 30 with which the set screw 29 is engaged with the rod 17 at a position where the rod and the screw hole are aligned. Then, the set screw 29 is screwed into the screw hole 28, and the tip of the set screw 29 is engaged with the groove portion 30 to be fixed to the rod 17. A positioning washer 31 is provided between the cylindrical portion 25 and the collar member.

  Further, a locking nut 32 is screwed onto the set screw 29 from the radially outer side of the collar member, and a flat surface portion 33 is provided on the outer peripheral surface on which the locking nut of the collar member is provided. Prevents the screw from loosening.

1 Input shaft
2 Input disk
3 Ball spline
4 Output gear
5 Output disk
6 Power roller
7 Trunnion
8 Support shaft
9, 9a, 9b Axis
10 Hydraulic actuator
11 Support plate
12 Control valve
13 Stepping motor
14 sleeve
15 spool
16 piston
17 Rod
18 Precess Come
19 Link arm
20 Sync cable
21 Drive shaft
22 Pressing device
23 Support hole
24 pin
25 Cylindrical part
26 Nut
27 Color material
28 Screw hole
29 Set screw
30 Groove
31 Positioning washer
32 Locking nut
33 Plane section

Claims (1)

Each of the input side disk and the output side disk supported concentrically so that relative rotation can be freely performed, a plurality of power rollers sandwiched between these two disks, and each of these power rollers supported in a rotatable manner. A plurality of trunnions provided at both ends concentrically with respect to the pivot axis, the swing trunnions being freely movable, a plurality of actuators for displacing each trunnion in the axial direction of each pivot axis, In a toroidal continuously variable transmission comprising a plurality of rods for transmitting movement to each trunnion,
The actuator has a cylindrical portion provided at the center of the piston,
The cylindrical portion is externally fitted to the rod,
A cylindrical collar member is provided outside the lower end portion of the rod protruding downward from the cylindrical portion, and the actuator is fixed to the trunnion by the collar member, and the collar member is fixed by a screw from a radial direction,
A positioning washer is provided between the cylindrical portion and the collar member,
The outer diameter of the collar member is larger than the cylindrical portion;
The gap in the axial direction of the rod between the collar member and the cylinder body is larger than the gap in the axial direction of the rod between the piston and the cylinder body provided with the piston,
A toroidal continuously variable transmission, wherein the screw is fixed by a locking nut, and a mounting surface of the collar member of the locking nut is a flat surface .

Images