JP5513362B2 - Speed information generating apparatus, speed information generating method, traffic jam information generating apparatus, and program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus, a method and a program for generating road link speed information, and an apparatus for generating traffic jam information.

  In order to calculate a route that can be reached from the current location to the destination in the shortest time by using an automobile navigation system, not only map information but also traffic jam information on the road is required. In order to generate traffic jam information, it is necessary to monitor the movement of a car traveling on a road.

  There is VICS (Vehicle Information and Communication System: registered trademark) as a system for generating traffic information by monitoring the movement of an automobile (Patent Document 1). VICS (registered trademark) detects vehicles that are running by sensors installed on the road, and the VICS (registered trademark) center collects the detection results and creates traffic jam information. This is a system provided to terminals. However, VICS (registered trademark) has a problem that it can create only traffic information only on the main road where the sensor is installed, and the range of the target road on which information is provided is narrow.

  In addition, as another system for monitoring traffic and generating traffic information, probe information (position, time, etc.) collected from a probe car equipped with a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver is used for a certain period of time. A system that determines the speed information of each road link, that is, the average speed of the probe car traveling on each road link, and determines the degree of congestion such as “congestion”, “congestion”, “no congestion” according to the average speed (Patent Document 2). In this probe car system, the information collection range is not limited as in VICS (registered trademark), and there is an advantage that data can be collected in real time from an extremely wide range.

  However, in the probe car system, since it is necessary to regularly communicate between the automobile and the center, a vehicle of a specific industry such as a taxi, a bus, or a truck is used as the probe car. Therefore, although there is a large amount of traffic for general vehicles, there is a problem that it is difficult to collect probe information for roads that are off the bus route, for example, with a small amount of traffic for vehicles in specific industries such as taxis.

  In order to solve such problems, GPS position information and positioning time information measured by a portable terminal device carried by a user riding in a car traveling on a road are collected, and traffic congestion information is generated based on the history. A system has been proposed (Patent Document 3).

  However, since the GPS position information measured by the mobile terminal device has a large error compared to the GPS position information measured by the probe car, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, matching in which the GPS position information is matched to the road link. The position indicated by the position information (matching position) may return from a certain road link to a previous road link or a next road link after entering. In addition, although GPS position information is represented by a number, this number can be specified by positioning time information when positioning the GPS position information, and indicates that the order is determined by the positioning time.

  In the case of FIG. 11, the matching position information (matching position information corresponding to the sixth GPS position information (6) in the figure) indicating the position returned to a certain road link is appropriately processed (judgment of correctness etc.) for each road link. It is desirable to collect accurate matching position information and to quickly generate traffic jam information, but this is not taken into consideration in the system described in Patent Document 3.

JP 2005-149358 A JP 2008-234162 A JP 2008-299371 A

  The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to determine the speed of a road link based on GPS position information and positioning time information measured by a mobile terminal device moving on the road. It is to be able to generate information quickly and accurately.

The speed information generating device according to the present invention relates to the GPS position information corresponding to the GPS position information by associating the matching position information in which the GPS position information measured by the mobile terminal device moving on the road is matched with the road link with the road link ID. GPS information collecting means for storing in the storage device together with the time information, and using the matching position information and positioning time information of the target road link for generating the speed information stored in the storage device, A link speed calculating means for obtaining a moving speed of the mobile terminal device, and the link speed calculating means is a start position of the target road link among matching positions that are continuously present in the target road link in time. Based on the distance between the matching position closest to the terminal and the matching position closest to the terminal and the difference in positioning time. A speed information generator for calculating a moving speed of the device.
The speed information generation method of the present invention is a speed information generation method executed by a speed information generation device having GPS information collection means and link speed calculation means, wherein the GPS information collection means is a mobile and GPS information collection step of GPS position information positioning the terminal apparatus stores matching position information matched to the road link in the storage device together with the positioning time information corresponding to the GPS position information in association with the road link ID, the The link speed calculation means uses the matching position information and positioning time information of the target road link for which the speed information stored in the storage device is to be generated, and calculates the moving speed of the mobile terminal device on the target road link. A link speed calculation step to be obtained, and in the link speed calculation step, continuous in time within the target road link The moving speed of the portable terminal device is calculated based on the distance between the matching position closest to the start end of the target road link and the matching position closest to the end of the target road link and the difference in positioning time. Speed information generation method.
The program of this invention is a program for functioning a computer as each means of the speed information generation apparatus of this invention.

[Action]
According to the present invention, GPS position information measured by a mobile terminal device moving on a road is matched with a road link, stored in a storage device together with positioning time information in association with a road link ID, When determining the moving speed of the mobile terminal device, a matching position closest to the start end and a matching position closest to the end of the target road link among the matching positions present in time in the target road link, The speed is calculated based on the distance between and the difference in positioning time.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the speed information of a road link can be rapidly and correctly produced | generated based on the GPS positional information and positioning time information measured with the portable terminal device which is moving on the road.

It is a figure which shows the traffic information provision system containing the traffic information generation apparatus of embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the portable terminal device in FIG. It is a block diagram of a center apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the portable terminal device in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows schematic operation | movement of the center apparatus in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the timing relationship of each step shown in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the content of the production | generation process of traffic jam information in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the road link which is the object of the road link total process in FIG. It is a figure which shows the position and the matching position which GPS information in a road link shows. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the average speed for every road classification used for the road link total process in FIG. It is a figure which shows the position and matching position which GPS position information measured with the portable terminal device shows.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Configuration of traffic information providing system>
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a traffic jam information providing system including a traffic jam information generating device according to an embodiment of the present invention. This system includes a center device 2 connected to a network 1 such as the Internet and a mobile terminal device 4 connected to the network 1 via a base station 3. The mobile terminal device 4 is a mobile phone, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a PND (Personal Navigation Device), or the like. The mobile terminal device 4 and the center device 2 can communicate with each other via the base station 3 and the network 1. The center device 2 corresponds to the traffic jam information generating device of the present invention.

<Configuration of mobile terminal device>
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the mobile terminal device 4. The mobile terminal device 4 includes a control unit 41, an operation unit 42, a display unit 43, a GPS reception unit 44, and a wireless communication unit 45.

  The control unit 41 is a controller for controlling each unit of the mobile terminal device 4, and includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 411, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 412, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 413. The CPU 411 implements various processes to be described later by loading a program stored in the ROM 412 into the RAM 413 and executing it.

  The operation unit 42 includes various buttons for the user to operate the mobile terminal device 4. The display unit 43 includes a liquid crystal display device for displaying the operation state of the mobile terminal device 4 and information input by the user from the operation unit 42.

  The GPS receiving unit 44 receives radio waves transmitted from GPS satellites at regular time intervals (for example, 1 second), and measures (positions) the current position. And the GPS position information and positioning time information which are positioning information are output to the control part 41 as GPS information.

  The wireless communication unit 45 is a circuit for performing wireless communication with the base station 3. The wireless communication unit 45 can access the center device 2 via the base station 3 and transmit the GPS information generated by the GPS receiving unit 44 and the terminal device ID of the mobile terminal device 4 stored in the ROM 412. .

<Configuration of center device>
As shown in FIG. 3, the center apparatus 2 includes a control unit 21, a communication unit 22, and a storage unit 23.

  The control unit 21 includes a CPU 211, a ROM 212, and a RAM 213, and controls the entire center device. Further, the CPU 211 implements various processes to be described later by loading a program stored in the ROM 212 into the RAM 213 and executing the program.

  The communication unit 22 communicates with the mobile terminal device 4 via the network 1 and the base station 3. The storage unit 23 includes an HDD (hard disk device), and is provided with a probe information DB (database) 231, a map information DB 232, and a traffic jam information DB 233.

  In the probe information DB 231, GPS information (GPS position information, positioning time information) transmitted from the mobile terminal device 4 is stored in association with the terminal device ID. The map information DB 232 stores map data including roads and various facilities, link IDs of road links, and the like in advance. The traffic jam information DB 233 stores traffic jam information for each road link. A road link is defined between an intersection, a T-junction, a Y-junction existing on the road, or an arbitrary length.

<Operation of the traffic information providing system>
The schematic operation of the traffic jam information providing system having the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. Here, FIG. 4 shows the operation of the mobile terminal device 4, and FIG. 5 shows the operation of the center device 2. The mobile terminal device 4 accesses the center device 2 and executes the operation shown in FIG. 4 while displaying the map near the current position downloaded from the map information DB 232 on the display unit 43. In addition, the map data memorize | stored in the portable terminal device 4 can also be displayed.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the mobile terminal device 4, the GPS reception unit 44 measures GPS position information including latitude and longitude every certain time (for example, 1 second), and includes GPS position information and positioning time information. GPS information is generated and passed to the CPU 411 of the control unit 41 (step S1). The CPU 411 receives GPS information and reads the terminal device ID from the ROM 412, thereby acquiring probe information including the GPS information and the terminal device ID (step S2). Next, the CPU 411 passes the acquired probe information to the wireless communication unit 45, and the wireless communication unit 45 transmits the probe information to the center device 2 (step S3).

  In the center device 2, the CPU 211 of the control unit 21 receives the probe information transmitted from the mobile terminal device 4 through the communication unit 22 and stores it in the probe information DB 231. At this time, the CPU 211 refers to the map information DB 232 to match the GPS position information to the road, obtain the road link ID, and associate the ID with the probe information. By storing probe information for a predetermined time (for example, 5 minutes) in the probe information DB 231, one probe information collecting operation is completed (step S11).

  Next, the CPU 211 reads the collected probe information for a predetermined time from the probe information DB 231, generates traffic information for each road link, and stores it in the traffic information DB 233 (step S12). Details of this step will be described later.

  Next, the CPU 211 provides the mobile terminal device 4 with the generated traffic jam information for each road link for a predetermined time by transmitting to the mobile terminal device 4 through the communication unit 22 (step S13). The mobile terminal device 4 receives the traffic jam information and displays it on the display unit 43.

  An example of the timing relationship of S11 to S13 is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, every time the collection of probe information for a predetermined time (for example, 5 minutes) (S11) ends, new traffic jam information is generated (S12), and new traffic jam information is provided each time it ends. (S13). That is, the traffic jam information provided to the mobile terminal device 4 is updated every predetermined time.

《Details of traffic information generation processing》
Details of step S12 are shown in FIG.
First, the CPU 211 selects a road link (step S21) and selects a mobile terminal device (step S22). Next, the GPS information of the selected portable terminal device in the selected road link is read from the probe information DB 231 into the RAM 213 (step S23).

  Next, it is determined whether or not the selected road link has GPS information of another mobile terminal device (step S24). If there is a result of the determination (S24: YES), the mobile terminal device from which GPS position information is read is changed, the process returns to step S23, and the above processing is repeated. If the result of determination is negative (S24: NO), the above process has been completed for all portable terminal devices, so the process proceeds to step S26, and the selected road links are tabulated. The result of the aggregation process is stored in the traffic jam information DB 233 (step S27).

《Total road link processing》
An example of a road link which is a target of the road link aggregation process is shown in FIG. Here, four road links are illustrated. In this figure, white circles (N _{1 to} N ₅ ) indicate the ends (nodes) of the road links. That is, the nodes N ₁ , N ₂ , N ₃ , N ₄ , and N ₅ are respectively the start of the first link, the end of the first link and the start of the second link, the end of the second link and the start of the third link, The end of the third link, the start of the fourth link, and the end of the fourth link. Here, a case will be described in which traffic jam information is generated using GPS information of a mobile terminal device moving in the direction from node N ₁ to node N ₅ .

P1 _S and P1 _E are the matching closest to the starting end of the first link among the positions (matching positions) indicating the matching position information obtained by matching the GPS position information transmitted from one mobile terminal device to the road link. The position is the closest matching position to the end of the first link. Similarly, P2 _S and P2 _E are the matching position closest to the start end of the second link, the matching position closest to the end of the second link, P3 _S and P3 _E are the matching positions closest to the start end of the third link, The matching position closest to the end of the third link. For the fourth link, the matching position is only P4 _S.

In order to generate traffic jam information for each road link, first, the moving speed of the mobile terminal device 4 of each road link is calculated. The moving speed of the mobile terminal device for each road link is calculated by dividing the distance on the road link between the matching position closest to the start end of each road link and the matching position closest to the end by the difference in positioning time. It is necessary to specify the matching position closest to the beginning of each road link such as P1 _S , P2 _S , and P3 _S shown in FIG. 8 and the matching position closest to the end such as P1 _E , P2 _E , and P3 _E. is there.

  The matching position closest to the beginning of each road link and the matching position closest to the end are not simply identified from all the matching positions existing in each road link. Select from consecutive matching positions.

For example, when the position indicated by the GPS position information and the matching position are as shown in FIG. 9, if the first link is simply specified from all the existing matching positions, the matching position P1 _S closest to the starting end is The matching position corresponding to the first GPS position information (1) and the matching position P1 _E closest to the terminal end are the matching positions corresponding to the seventh GPS position information (7).

  However, after the matching position corresponding to the fourth GPS position information (4), the matching position corresponding to the sixth GPS position information (6) is the matching position corresponding to the fifth GPS position information (5). Is missing. That is, it is discontinuous in time. The temporal positions are continuous from the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (1) to the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (4), and from the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (6) to the GPS position. Up to the matching position corresponding to information (7). Note that the continuity is lost at the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (4) means that the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (5) is located outside the first link (here, the second link). This can be determined by detection.

Therefore, in this embodiment, from the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (1) to the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (4), the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (1) is set to the first link. The matching position P1 _S closest to the start end is set as the matching position P1 _E closest to the end of the first link, and the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (4) is set. For the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (7) from the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (6), the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (6) is the closest matching position to the starting end of the first link. _Let P1 _S be a matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (7) as a matching position P1 _E closest to the end of the first link.

  Then, the distance between the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (1) and the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (4) is determined from the positioning time of the GPS position information (1) and the positioning of the GPS position information (4). The movement speed is calculated by dividing by the difference with the time, and the distance between the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (6) and the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (7) is calculated using the GPS position information (6). The moving speed is calculated by dividing by the difference between the positioning time of the GPS and the positioning time of the GPS position information (7). For this reason, two moving speeds are obtained for one mobile terminal device. About these two moving speeds, a value obtained by simply averaging may be used as the moving speed of the first link, or weighting (4: 2 in this case) according to the number of matching positions may be performed.

In FIG. 9, if the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (5) exists between the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (7) and the end of the first link, the GPS position information (1 ) From the matching position corresponding to GPS position information (7) to the matching position corresponding to GPS position information (7) are all continuously present in the first link, so the matching position corresponding to GPS position information (1) is the first. The matching position P1 _S closest to the start of the link becomes the matching position P1 _E closest to the end of the first link, and the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (5) becomes the matching position P1 _E.

  In the case of the second link, the next of the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (5) is the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (8), and the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (6), the GPS position information The matching position corresponding to (7) is missing. That is, it is discontinuous in time. The time sequence is continuous from the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (8) to the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (10). Note that the continuity is lost at the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (5) means that the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (6) is located outside the second link (here, the first link). This can be determined by detection.

Among the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (8) matching the position corresponding to the GPS position information (10), the closest matching position P2 _S at the starting end of the second link matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (8) , and the closest matching position P2 _E at the end of the second link is a matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (9).

  Therefore, in the second link, the distance between the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (8) and the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (9) is determined from the positioning time of the GPS position information (8) and the GPS position information. The moving speed is calculated by dividing by the difference from the positioning time in (9). As for the matching position corresponding to the GPS position information (5), since there is no temporally continuous matching position in the second link, the difference in distance and positioning time cannot be obtained. Not used for calculation.

Similarly, P3 _S and P3 _E in FIG. 8 are specified, and the moving speed in the third link can be calculated by dividing the distance between them by the difference in positioning time. For the fourth link, since there is only one matching position, the moving speed cannot be calculated.

  The moving speeds of all the mobile terminal devices that have moved the road links shown in FIG. 8 in the left direction in the figure during a predetermined time (for example, 5 minutes) are calculated for each road link. Next, the degree of congestion of the first link to the fourth link is acquired for each road link by referring to the table showing the relationship between the average speed per road type and the degree of congestion shown in FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the traffic jam information is generated for each road link. However, the traffic jam information can be generated for each of the plurality of road links. In this case, the degree of congestion as a whole of the plurality of road links is acquired based on the average value of the moving speeds of the mobile terminal devices in each road link. The plurality of road links can be set according to road type, positioning interval, road width (number of lanes), past traffic conditions and traffic conditions. Moreover, it can also set so that each total process unit link may become fixed length, and it can also be set so that length may differ for every total process unit link. A VICS (registered trademark) link can also be used.

  As described above in detail, according to the traffic jam information generating device of the present embodiment, when calculating the moving speed of the mobile terminal device on the road link, the matching position that exists continuously in time in the target road link Since the movement speed of the mobile terminal device is calculated based on the distance between the matching position closest to the start end of the target road link and the matching position closest to the end and the difference in positioning time, the target road link Compared with the case of processing the position when returning to the target road link after going outside (judgment of correctness etc.), the processing becomes simple, and the time required for calculating the moving speed is shortened. As a result, the time required for generating traffic jam information is reduced. Further, since GPS position information indicating irregular movement is excluded, traffic congestion information based on accurate GPS position information for each road link can be generated.

  In the above embodiment, the process of matching the GPS position information with the road link and associating the GPS position information with the road link ID is executed by the center device 2, but can also be executed by the mobile terminal device 4.

  Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the mobile terminal device 4 accesses the center device 2 and executes the operation shown in FIG. 4 while displaying the map near the current position downloaded from the map information DB 232 on the display unit 43. However, the mobile terminal device 4 only needs to transmit probe information, and it is not essential to display a map near the current position.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Center apparatus, 4 ... Portable terminal device, 21 ... Control part, 22 ... Communication part, 23 ... Memory | storage part, 231 ... Probe information DB, 233 ... Congestion information DB.

Claims (6)

GPS that stores GPS position information, which is measured by a mobile terminal device moving on a road, in a storage device together with positioning time information corresponding to the GPS position information in association with road link IDs. Information gathering means;
Link speed calculating means for determining a moving speed of the mobile terminal device on the target road link using matching position information and positioning time information of the target road link that is a target for generating speed information stored in the storage device; And having
The link speed calculation means includes a distance between a matching position closest to the start end of the target road link and a matching position closest to the end of the matching position existing in time in the target road link, and A speed information generating device that calculates a moving speed of the mobile terminal device based on a difference in positioning time. The speed information generating device according to claim 1,
When a plurality of movement speeds are obtained with one target road link for one portable terminal device, the link speed calculation means uses the obtained movement speeds to A speed information generation device for calculating a moving speed. In the speed information generation device according to claim 1 or 2,
The link speed calculation means, when the movement speeds of a plurality of portable terminal devices are obtained with one target road link, speed information with the average value of the obtained movement speeds as the movement speed on the target road link Generator.   A traffic jam information generating device that generates traffic jam information of a target road link based on a moving speed calculated by the speed information generating device according to claim 1. A speed information generation method executed by a speed information generation device having GPS information collection means and link speed calculation means,
Positioning time information corresponding to the GPS position information in which the GPS information collecting means associates the matching position information obtained by matching the GPS position information, which is measured by the mobile terminal device moving on the road, with the road link with the road link ID. Together with a GPS information collecting step for storing in a storage device,
The link speed calculation means uses the matching position information and positioning time information of the target road link for which the speed information stored in the storage device is generated, and the moving speed of the mobile terminal device on the target road link And a link speed calculation step for obtaining
In the link speed calculation step, the distance between the matching position closest to the start end of the target road link and the matching position closest to the end of the matching positions existing continuously in time in the target road link, and A speed information generation method for calculating a moving speed of the mobile terminal device based on a difference in positioning time.   The program for functioning a computer as each means of the speed information generation apparatus described in any one of Claims 1-3.

Images