JP5485790B2 - Shortcut fiber for wet short fiber nonwoven fabric - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、湿式短繊維不織布を得るのに適したショートカット繊維であって、特に厚みが薄く、通気度が低く、高性能なフィルター用途に好適に使用することができる湿式短繊維不織布を得ることができる湿式短繊維不織布用ショートカット繊維に関するものである。 The present invention provides a short fiber that is suitable for obtaining a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric and that is particularly thin, has a low air permeability, and can be suitably used for high performance filter applications. It is related with the shortcut fiber for wet short fiber nonwoven fabrics which can do.
近年、湿式短繊維不織布はフィルター用基材、電池セパレーターなどの用途に広く用いられている。このような用途において、性能の高いフィルターやセパレーターとするには、厚みが薄く、通気度の低い湿式短繊維不織布が求められている。 In recent years, wet short fiber nonwoven fabrics have been widely used for applications such as filter substrates and battery separators. In such applications, wet short fiber nonwoven fabrics having a small thickness and a low air permeability are required for high performance filters and separators.
通気度の低い短繊維不織布を得るには、繊維間の隙間を少なくし、気密性を高くすることが必要である。特許文献１や特許文献２には単糸繊度が０．５ｄｔｅｘ以下の細繊度の繊維を用いることにより、単繊維間の空隙を小さくし、気密性を高くした短繊維不織布を得る方法が提案されている。 In order to obtain a short fiber nonwoven fabric with low air permeability, it is necessary to reduce the gaps between the fibers and increase the airtightness. Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 propose a method of obtaining a short fiber nonwoven fabric in which the gap between single fibers is reduced and the air tightness is increased by using fine fibers having a single yarn fineness of 0.5 dtex or less. ing.
０．５ｄｔｅｘ以下の繊維を得るには、単一のポリマーで紡糸、延伸して直接繊維を得る方法と、複数のポリマーを用いた複合繊維で紡糸、延伸を行い、ある程度太い繊維を得た後に割繊することで０．５ｄｔｅｘ以下の繊維を得る方法がある。割繊の方法としては、衝撃などで繊維を構成するポリマーを剥離分割して細繊度の繊維を得る機械的割繊と、有機溶媒などで繊維を構成するポリマーの１種を溶媒で溶解し、残った不溶の細繊度の繊維を得る化学的割繊がある。 In order to obtain a fiber of 0.5 dtex or less, after spinning and drawing with a single polymer and directly obtaining the fiber, and after spinning and drawing with a composite fiber using a plurality of polymers to obtain a somewhat thick fiber There is a method of obtaining fibers of 0.5 dtex or less by splitting. As the method of splitting, mechanical splitting that peels and divides the polymer constituting the fiber by impact or the like to obtain fibers of fineness, and one type of polymer constituting the fiber with an organic solvent or the like is dissolved in the solvent, There is a chemical split to obtain the remaining insoluble fine fibers.
細繊度の繊維を直接得る方法は、紡糸、延伸時に糸切れが発生しやすく、生産性が低下するのでコスト的に不利である。細繊度の繊維を機械的割繊で得る方法は、コスト的には不利ではないが、割繊後に得られた繊維は、相溶性に乏しい複数の繊維が混ざったものとなり、これらの繊維から得られる湿式短繊維不織布は性能の劣るものになりやすい。 The method of directly obtaining fine fibers is disadvantageous in terms of cost because yarn breakage is likely to occur during spinning and drawing, and productivity is reduced. The method of obtaining finely divided fibers by mechanical splitting is not disadvantageous in terms of cost, but the fibers obtained after splitting are a mixture of a plurality of fibers having poor compatibility, and are obtained from these fibers. The resulting wet short fiber nonwoven fabric tends to be inferior in performance.
細繊度の繊維を化学的割繊で得る方法は、紡糸、延伸で得られた繊維の一部を溶媒で溶解除去をするため、得られる細繊度の繊維の量が減り、コスト的に不利である。さらに、溶媒の再生、回収設備が必要となる点でもコスト的に不利であり、また、環境に悪影響を及ぼす危惧もある。 The method of obtaining finely divided fibers by chemical splitting involves dissolving and removing part of the fibers obtained by spinning and drawing with a solvent, which reduces the amount of fine fibers obtained and is disadvantageous in terms of cost. is there. Furthermore, it is disadvantageous in terms of cost because it requires solvent regeneration and recovery facilities, and there is also a risk of adversely affecting the environment.
本発明は上記の問題点を解決するものであって、コスト的に有利に製造することができるショートカット繊維であり、性能の優れたフィルターやセパレーター用途に好適な、厚みが薄く、通気度の低い湿式短繊維不織布を得ることができる湿式短繊維不織布用ショートカット繊維を提供することを技術的な課題とするものである。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and is a shortcut fiber that can be produced advantageously in terms of cost. It is suitable for use in filters and separators with excellent performance, and has a thin thickness and low air permeability. An object of the present invention is to provide a shortcut fiber for a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric that can provide a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric.
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決するために検討した結果、本発明に到達した。
すなわち、本発明は、熱可塑性樹脂からなる繊維長が２〜２０ｍｍ、単糸繊度が０．８〜４．０ｄｔｅｘ、機械捲縮が付与されていない短繊維であって、短繊維を構成する単繊維は、繊維の長手方向に対して垂直に切断した断面が扁平断面形状を呈しており、長辺と短辺の長さの比であるアスペクト比（長辺／短辺）が３．５〜６．０、強度が３．０〜８．０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ、伸度が２５〜１００％であることを特徴とする湿式短繊維不織布用ショートカット繊維を要旨とするものである。
The inventors of the present invention have arrived at the present invention as a result of studies to solve the above problems.
That is, the present invention is a short fiber having a fiber length of 2 to 20 mm made of a thermoplastic resin, a single yarn fineness of 0.8 to 4.0 dtex, and no mechanical crimping, and constituting a short fiber. The cross section of the fiber cut perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the fiber has a flat cross-sectional shape, and the aspect ratio (long side / short side), which is the ratio of the length of the long side to the short side, is 3.5 to A short cut fiber for wet short fiber nonwoven fabric characterized by 6.0, strength of 3.0 to 8.0 cN / dtex, and elongation of 25 to 100%.
本発明の湿式短繊維不織布用ショートカット繊維は、ショートカット繊維を構成する単繊維の断面が扁平形状であって、その扁平形状がアスペクト比が特定の範囲となるものであり、かつ単糸繊度が０．８〜４．０ｄｔｅｘのものであるため、繊維同士が積層される際には長辺方向が水平となるように載置され、厚みが薄く、通気度が低く、気密性の高い湿式短繊維不織布を得ることができる。さらに、強度、伸度も適切な範囲のものであるので、機械的特性にも優れた湿式短繊維不織布を得ることができる。このような優れた特性を有する湿式短繊維不織布は、性能の高いフィルターやセパレーター用途に使用することが可能となる。 The short cut fiber for wet short fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention has a flat cross section of the single fiber constituting the short cut fiber, the flat shape has a specific aspect ratio, and the single yarn fineness is 0. .8-4.0 dtex so that when the fibers are laminated, they are placed so that the long side direction is horizontal, the thickness is thin, the air permeability is low, and the airtight short wet fiber A nonwoven fabric can be obtained. Furthermore, since the strength and elongation are also in appropriate ranges, a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric excellent in mechanical properties can be obtained. The wet short fiber nonwoven fabric having such excellent characteristics can be used for high performance filters and separators.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明のショートカット繊維は、熱可塑性樹脂からなる繊維束を切断することにより得られたものであり、熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリオレフィン等を用いることができる。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The shortcut fiber of the present invention is obtained by cutting a fiber bundle made of a thermoplastic resin, and polyester, polyamide, polyolefin, or the like can be used as the thermoplastic resin.
まず、ポリエステルとしては、芳香族ポリエステル、脂肪族ポリエステルのいずれであってもよい。芳香族ポリエステルとしては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレートなどのポリアルキレンテレフタレートを主体としたポリエステルであって、イソフタル酸、５−スルホイソフタル酸などの芳香族ジカルボン酸、アジピン酸、コハク酸、スベリン酸、セバシン酸、ドデカン二酸などの脂肪族ジカルボン酸、およびエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、１，４−ブタンジオール、１，４−シクロヘキサンジメタノールなどの脂肪族ジオールや、グリコール酸、ヒドロキシ酪酸、ヒドロキシ吉草酸、ヒドロキシカプロン酸、ヒドロキシペンタン酸、ヒドロキシヘプタン酸、ヒドロキシオクタン酸などのヒドロキシカルボン酸、ε−カプロラクトンなどの脂肪族ラクトン等を共重合していてもよい。 First, the polyester may be either an aromatic polyester or an aliphatic polyester. The aromatic polyester is a polyester mainly composed of polyalkylene terephthalate such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, etc., and aromatic dicarboxylic acid such as isophthalic acid and 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, adipine Aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as acid, succinic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid and dodecanedioic acid, and aliphatic diols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, and glycol Acids, hydroxybutyric acid, hydroxyvaleric acid, hydroxycaproic acid, hydroxypentanoic acid, hydroxyheptanoic acid, hydroxyoctanoic acid and other hydroxycarboxylic acids, ε-caprolactone and other aliphatic lactos Or the like may be a copolymerized.
脂肪族ポリエステルとしては、ポリ乳酸、ポリ−３−ヒドロキシプロピオネート、ポリ−３−ヒドロキシブチレート、ポリ−３−ヒドロキシブチレートバリレート、及びこれらの混合物、変性物等を用いることができる。 As the aliphatic polyester, polylactic acid, poly-3-hydroxypropionate, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate valerate, a mixture or a modified product thereof can be used.
中でも、ポリ乳酸を用いることが好ましく、ポリＤ−乳酸、ポリＬ−乳酸、ポリＤ−乳酸とポリＬ−乳酸との共重合体であるポリＤＬ−乳酸、ポリＤ−乳酸とポリＬ−乳酸との混合物（ステレオコンプレックス）、ポリＤ−乳酸とヒドロキシカルボン酸との共重合体、ポリＬ−乳酸とヒドロキシカルボン酸との共重合体、ポリＤ−乳酸又はポリＬ−乳酸と脂肪族ジカルボン酸及び脂肪族ジオールとの共重合体、あるいはこれらの混合物を用いることができる。 Among them, it is preferable to use polylactic acid, poly D-lactic acid, poly L-lactic acid, poly DL-lactic acid which is a copolymer of poly D-lactic acid and poly L-lactic acid, poly D-lactic acid and poly L-lactic acid. (Stereo complex), copolymer of poly D-lactic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid, copolymer of poly L-lactic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid, poly D-lactic acid or poly L-lactic acid and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid And a copolymer with an aliphatic diol, or a mixture thereof.
ポリアミドとしては、ポリイミノ−１−オキソテトラメチレン（ナイロン４），ポリテトラメチレンアジパミド（ナイロン４６）、ポリカプラミド（ナイロン６）、ポリヘキサメチレンアジパミド（ナイロン６６）、ポリウンデカナミド（ナイロン１１）、ポリラウロラクタミド（ナイロン１２）、ポリメタキシレンアジパミド、ポリパラキシリレンデカナミド、ポリビスシクロヘキシルメタンデカナミドを用いることができる。また、これらのポリアミド系重合体を構成しているモノマーを、２種以上共重合させたポリアミド系共重合体や混合物も用いることができる。 Polyamides include polyimino-1-oxotetramethylene (nylon 4), polytetramethylene adipamide (nylon 46), polycoupleramide (nylon 6), polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66), polyundecanamide (nylon). 11), polylaurolactamide (nylon 12), polymetaxylene adipamide, polyparaxylylene decanamide, polybiscyclohexylmethane decanamide can be used. Also, polyamide copolymers and mixtures obtained by copolymerizing two or more monomers constituting these polyamide polymers can be used.
ポリオレフィンとしては、エチレン、プロピレン、ブテン−１，ペンテン−１，３−メチルブテン−１，ヘキセン−１，オクテン−１，ドデセン−１，オクタデセン−１等の炭素原子数２〜１８の脂肪族α−モノオレフィンを単独で重合させたホモポリオレフィン重合体、又は２種以上を共重合させたポリオレフィン共重合体や混合物も用いることができる。 Examples of the polyolefin include aliphatic α-carbon atoms having 2 to 18 carbon atoms such as ethylene, propylene, butene-1, pentene-1,3-methylbutene-1, hexene-1, octene-1, dodecene-1, octadecene-1, and the like. A homopolyolefin polymer obtained by polymerizing a monoolefin alone, or a polyolefin copolymer or a mixture obtained by copolymerizing two or more types can also be used.
そして、本発明のショートカット繊維は、繊維長が２〜２０ｍｍ、単糸繊度が０．８〜４．０ｄｔｅｘであり、湿式短繊維不織布用のものであるため、機械捲縮が付与されていない（ノークリンプ）短繊維である。 The shortcut fiber of the present invention has a fiber length of 2 to 20 mm, a single yarn fineness of 0.8 to 4.0 dtex, and is used for a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric, and thus has no mechanical crimp ( No crimp) short fiber.
繊維長は中でも３〜１５ｍｍであることが好ましい。繊維長が２０ｍｍを超えると、不織布を得る工程での繊維の分散が悪くなり、均斉度に劣った湿式短繊維不織布となる。一方、繊維長を２ｍｍ未満にしようとすると、繊維を切断する際の発熱で繊維同士の融着が生じたものとなる。 The fiber length is preferably 3 to 15 mm. When the fiber length exceeds 20 mm, fiber dispersion in the step of obtaining the nonwoven fabric is deteriorated, and a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric having poor uniformity is obtained. On the other hand, if the fiber length is to be less than 2 mm, the fibers are fused with each other due to heat generated when the fibers are cut.
単糸繊度は０．８〜４．０ｄｔｅｘとするものであるが、中でも１．０〜３．５ｄｔｅｘであることが好ましい。単糸繊度が４．０ｄｔｅｘを超えると、得られる湿式短繊維不織布の厚みが大きくなり、また繊維間の隙間が大きくなることから通気性の高い短繊維不織布となる。一方、０．８ｄｔｅｘ未満になると、紡糸時に切れ糸が発生しやすくなり、操業性が悪くなるとともに、繊維同士の融着が生じたり、強伸度特性に劣ったものとなる。 The single yarn fineness is set to 0.8 to 4.0 dtex, and preferably 1.0 to 3.5 dtex. When the single yarn fineness exceeds 4.0 dtex, the thickness of the wet short fiber nonwoven fabric obtained is increased, and the gap between the fibers is increased, so that a short fiber nonwoven fabric having high air permeability is obtained. On the other hand, if it is less than 0.8 dtex, cut yarns are likely to occur during spinning, the operability is deteriorated, fibers are fused, and the strength and elongation properties are inferior.
なお、通常、熱可塑性樹脂からなる繊維を切断することにより短繊維を得る際には、スタフィングボックス法や押込加熱ギア法等により機械捲縮を付与する場合があるが、本発明のショートカット繊維においては、湿式短繊維不織布用のものであるため、機械捲縮を付与しないものとする。 Normally, when short fibers are obtained by cutting fibers made of thermoplastic resin, mechanical crimps may be imparted by a stuffing box method, an indentation heating gear method, or the like, but the shortcut fiber of the present invention In this case, since it is for a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric, no mechanical crimp is imparted.
そして、本発明のショートカット繊維を構成する単繊維は、繊維の長手方向に対して垂直に切断した断面が扁平断面形状を呈しており、長辺と短辺の長さの比であるアスペクト比（長辺／短辺）が３．５〜６．０のものであり、中でも３．５〜５．５であることがより好ましい。本発明のショートカット繊維の単繊維の断面形状の一実施態様を図１に示す。
And the single fiber which comprises the shortcut fiber of this invention has the cross section cut | disconnected perpendicularly | vertically with respect to the longitudinal direction of the fiber, and the flat cross-sectional shape is exhibited, The aspect ratio (ratio of the length of a long side and a short side) (Long side / short side) is from 3.5 to 6.0, and more preferably from 3.5 to 5.5. One embodiment of the cross-sectional shape of a single fiber of the shortcut fiber of the present invention is shown in FIG.
本発明のショートカット繊維は、適度なアスペクト比を有する扁平断面形状のものであるため、湿式短繊維不織布を得る際の抄紙工程において、ウエブを構成する短繊維が積層される際に形状が安定する長辺方向が水平となるように載置される。このため、丸断面形状の繊維や四角や三角等の異形断面の繊維を用いた場合に比べて、単繊維間の空隙が小さくなるとともに、厚みが薄くなり、通気度が低く、気密性の高い短繊維不織布を得ることが可能となる。本発明のショートカット繊維から得られる短繊維不織布の厚み方向断面の一実施態様を図２に示す。 Since the shortcut fiber of the present invention has a flat cross-sectional shape having an appropriate aspect ratio, the shape is stabilized when the short fibers constituting the web are laminated in the paper making process when obtaining the wet short fiber nonwoven fabric. It is placed so that the long side direction is horizontal. For this reason, compared with the case of using a fiber having a round cross-section shape or a fiber having an irregular cross-section such as a square or a triangle, the gap between single fibers is reduced, the thickness is reduced, the air permeability is low, and the air tightness is high. A short fiber nonwoven fabric can be obtained. One embodiment of the cross section in the thickness direction of the short fiber nonwoven fabric obtained from the shortcut fiber of the present invention is shown in FIG.
アスペクト比が６．０を超えると、長辺の長い扁平度合いの強い糸になるため、紡糸時に切れ糸が発生しやすくなり、操業性が悪くなるとともに、強伸度等の特性や品位が低下する。一方、アスペクト比が３．５未満になると、円形断面に近い形状となり、得られる湿式短繊維不織布の厚みが大きいものとなる。また繊維間の空隙も大きくなることから、通気度の高い、気密性の低い短繊維不織布となる。
When the aspect ratio exceeds 6.0, the yarn becomes long and flat with a strong flatness, so that the yarn is likely to be broken during spinning, the operability is deteriorated, and the properties and quality such as the strength and elongation are lowered. To do. On the other hand, when the aspect ratio is less than 3.5 , the shape is close to a circular cross section, and the resulting wet short fiber nonwoven fabric has a large thickness. Moreover, since the space | gap between fibers becomes large, it becomes a short fiber nonwoven fabric with high air permeability and low airtightness.
本発明におけるアスペクト比は以下のようにして測定し、算出するものである。ショートカット繊維より単糸を取り出し、単繊維の長手方向に対して垂直に切断した断面を、キーエンス社製のデジタルマイクロスコープ ＶＨＸ−６００を使用して撮影し、撮影した断面写真より長辺と短辺の長さを測定し、長辺と短辺の比（長辺／短辺）であるアスペクト比を算出するものである。このとき、１種類のショートカット繊維につき、ランダムに５本の単糸を採取し、それぞれの単糸毎に２枚の断面写真を撮る。計１０枚の写真から、長辺と短辺の長さを測定し、それぞれアスペクト比を算出する。そして、ｎ１０の平均値とする。 The aspect ratio in the present invention is measured and calculated as follows. A single yarn is taken out from the shortcut fiber, and a cross section cut perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the single fiber is photographed using a digital microscope VHX-600 manufactured by Keyence Corporation. The aspect ratio which is the ratio of the long side to the short side (long side / short side) is calculated. At this time, for each type of shortcut fiber, five single yarns are collected at random, and two cross-sectional photographs are taken for each single yarn. The length of the long side and the short side are measured from a total of 10 photographs, and the aspect ratio is calculated respectively. And let it be the average value of n10.
そして、本発明のショートカット繊維を用いて湿式短繊維不織布とする際には、接着成分により繊維間が接着されたものとなる。湿式短繊維不織布を得る方法は特に限定するものではないが、接着成分となる溶融成分で構成されたバインダー繊維とともに用いて、ウエブを作成し、熱処理を施すことにより、バインダー繊維を溶融させて本発明のショートカット繊維を接着させることが好ましい。 And when using the shortcut fiber of this invention as a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric, between fibers will be adhere | attached by the adhesive component. The method for obtaining the wet short fiber nonwoven fabric is not particularly limited. However, the wet short fiber nonwoven fabric is used together with the binder fiber composed of the melting component as the adhesive component, and a web is prepared and heat treated to melt the binder fiber. It is preferable to bond the shortcut fiber of the invention.
本発明のショートカット繊維とともに用いるバインダー繊維としては、接着成分となる溶融成分のみで構成された全融のバインダー繊維のみならず、溶融成分と非溶融成分からなる複合型のバインダー繊維であってもよい。複合型のバインダー繊維の場合には、芯鞘型、サイドバイサイド型等のものが挙げられる。 The binder fiber used together with the shortcut fiber of the present invention may be not only a fully-melted binder fiber composed only of a molten component serving as an adhesive component, but also a composite binder fiber composed of a molten component and a non-melted component. . In the case of a composite type binder fiber, a core-sheath type, a side-by-side type, etc. are mentioned.
また、バインダー繊維の溶融成分としては、本発明のショートカット繊維と同じ成分を含有する相溶性の良いものが好ましい。したがって、本発明のショートカット繊維を構成する熱可塑性樹脂の融点より流動開始温度または融点が３０℃以上低い熱可塑性樹脂を用いることが好ましい。 Moreover, as a melt | fusion component of binder fiber, the thing with the good compatibility containing the same component as the shortcut fiber of this invention is preferable. Therefore, it is preferable to use a thermoplastic resin having a flow start temperature or a melting point lower by 30 ° C. or more than the melting point of the thermoplastic resin constituting the shortcut fiber of the present invention.
さらに、バインダー繊維の単糸繊度は１．０〜３．０ｄｔｅｘであることが好ましい。さらには、１．０〜２．５ｄｔｅｘであることがより好ましい。単糸繊度が３．０ｄｔｅｘを超えると、本発明のショートカット繊維とバインダー繊維とからなるウエブにおいて繊維間の空隙が大きくなり、厚みが大きいものとなる。そして、バインダー繊維を溶融させた後に得られる短繊維不織布も繊維間の空隙が大きく、通気度が高く、厚みの大きいものとなりやすい。、一方、１．０ｄｔｅｘ未満のバインダー繊維であると、バインダー繊維を得る際に操業性が悪くなり、品質の劣った繊維となる場合が多く好ましくない。 Furthermore, the single yarn fineness of the binder fiber is preferably 1.0 to 3.0 dtex. Furthermore, it is more preferable that it is 1.0-2.5 dtex. When the single yarn fineness exceeds 3.0 dtex, the gap between the fibers becomes large and the thickness becomes large in the web composed of the shortcut fiber and the binder fiber of the present invention. And the short fiber nonwoven fabric obtained after fuse | melting a binder fiber also has a space | gap between fibers large, air permeability is high, and tends to become a thing with large thickness. On the other hand, if the binder fiber is less than 1.0 dtex, the operability is deteriorated when the binder fiber is obtained, and it is often not preferable because the fiber is inferior in quality.
また、繊維長も本発明のショートカット繊維と同様に２〜２０ｍｍであるショートカット繊維であることが好ましく、さらには、３〜１５ｍｍであることがより好ましい。繊維長が２０ｍｍを超えると、短繊維不織布を得る際の繊維の分散が悪くなり、均斉度の低い短繊維不織布となりやすい。一方、繊維長が２ｍｍ未満になると、切断時の発熱で繊維同士の融着が生じている場合が多く、やはり短繊維不織布を得る際の繊維の分散が悪くなり、均斉度の低い短繊維不織布となりやすい。 Moreover, it is preferable that it is a shortcut fiber which is 2-20 mm similarly to the shortcut fiber of this invention, and, as for fiber length, it is more preferable that it is 3-15 mm. When the fiber length exceeds 20 mm, the dispersion of the fibers in obtaining the short fiber nonwoven fabric is deteriorated, and a short fiber nonwoven fabric having a low degree of uniformity tends to be obtained. On the other hand, if the fiber length is less than 2 mm, the fibers are often fused due to heat generated at the time of cutting, and the dispersion of the fibers in obtaining the short fiber nonwoven fabric also deteriorates, and the short fiber nonwoven fabric with low uniformity. It is easy to become.
本発明のショートカット繊維とバインダー繊維を用いる際の両繊維の混合比率は、質量比（ショートカット繊維／バインダー繊維）で５０／５０〜９０／１０の範囲が好ましい。さらには、６０／４０〜８０／２０であることがより好ましい。 The mixing ratio of both fibers when using the shortcut fiber and the binder fiber of the present invention is preferably in the range of 50/50 to 90/10 in terms of mass ratio (shortcut fiber / binder fiber). Furthermore, it is more preferable that it is 60 / 40-80 / 20.
本発明のショートカット繊維及びバインダー繊維を構成する熱可塑性樹脂中には、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、リン酸エステル化合物やヒンダードフェノール化合物のような安定剤、コバルト化合物、蛍光増白剤、染料のような色調改良剤、二酸化チタンのような艶消し剤、可塑剤、顔料、制電剤、難燃剤、易染化剤などの各種添加剤を１種類または２種類以上添加してもよい。 In the thermoplastic resin constituting the shortcut fiber and the binder fiber of the present invention, a stabilizer such as a phosphate ester compound and a hindered phenol compound, a cobalt compound, and a fluorescent brightening agent are provided as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Even if one or more kinds of various additives such as a color tone improving agent such as a dye, a matting agent such as titanium dioxide, a plasticizer, a pigment, an antistatic agent, a flame retardant, and an easy dyeing agent are added. Good.
そして、本発明のショートカット繊維は、強度が３．０〜８．０cN/dtexであり、中でも３．５〜７．５cN/dtexであることが好ましい。強度が３．０cN/dtex未満であると、得られる不織布の機械的特性（強度）が劣るものになる。一方、強度が８．０cN/dtexを超えるものを得ようとすれば、高粘度のポリマーを用いる必要があるため、紡糸及び延伸工程の操業性が悪くなり、得られる短繊維の品位が劣るものとなり好ましくない。 The shortcut fiber of the present invention has a strength of 3.0 to 8.0 cN / dtex, and preferably 3.5 to 7.5 cN / dtex. If the strength is less than 3.0 cN / dtex, the resulting nonwoven fabric has poor mechanical properties (strength). On the other hand, if a strength exceeding 8.0 cN / dtex is to be obtained, it is necessary to use a polymer with a high viscosity, so that the operability of the spinning and stretching processes is deteriorated, and the quality of the obtained short fibers is inferior. It is not preferable.
また、伸度は２５〜１００％であり、中でも３０〜６０％であることが好ましい。伸度が２５％未満であると、延伸工程での操業性が悪くなり、得られる短繊維の品位が劣るものとなり好ましくない。一方、伸度が１００％を超えると、延伸での配向結晶が充分に進んでおらず、熱や圧力の関与で擬似密着が発生しやすくなり、単糸間の密着が生じ、得られる短繊維の品位が劣るものとなりやすい。 Further, the elongation is 25 to 100%, preferably 30 to 60%. When the elongation is less than 25%, the operability in the stretching process is deteriorated, and the quality of the obtained short fiber is deteriorated, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the elongation exceeds 100%, the oriented crystals in the drawing are not sufficiently advanced, and the pseudo-adhesion is likely to occur due to the involvement of heat and pressure, the adhesion between the single yarns occurs, and the obtained short fiber Tends to be inferior in quality.
そして、本発明のショートカット繊維とバインダー繊維を用いて湿式短繊維不織布を得る際には、従来から知られている各種加工法、例えばサーマルスルー法、エアレイド法、抄紙法、スパンレース法などを採用することができるが、分散性がよく、地合が良好な不織布が得られる点から、抄紙法が好ましい。 And when obtaining the wet short fiber nonwoven fabric using the shortcut fiber and the binder fiber of the present invention, various conventionally known processing methods such as a thermal through method, an airlaid method, a papermaking method, and a spunlace method are adopted. However, the papermaking method is preferred from the viewpoint that a non-woven fabric having good dispersibility and good formation can be obtained.
次に、本発明のショートカット繊維の製造方法について一例を用いて説明する。本発明のショートカット繊維が呈する特定のアスペクト比の扁平断面形状は、紡糸時の紡糸孔の形状を工夫し、紡糸速度や延伸倍率、延伸速度等を調整することにより得ることが可能となる。熱可塑性樹脂としてポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）を用いる場合について説明する。
まず、通常の溶融紡糸装置を用い、ＰＥＴを溶融して扁平断面形状の紡糸孔を有する紡糸口金より紡糸する。紡出した糸条を冷却固化させて未延伸糸を得る。そして、得られた未延伸糸を繊維束に集束した後、延伸倍率２〜４倍で延伸し、分散性油剤を付与した後に任意の繊維長に切断してショートカット繊維を得る。
Next, the manufacturing method of the shortcut fiber of this invention is demonstrated using an example. The flat cross-sectional shape having a specific aspect ratio exhibited by the shortcut fiber of the present invention can be obtained by devising the shape of the spinning hole during spinning and adjusting the spinning speed, the draw ratio, the draw speed, and the like. The case where polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used as the thermoplastic resin will be described.
First, using an ordinary melt spinning apparatus, PET is melted and spun from a spinneret having a spinning hole having a flat cross-sectional shape. The spun yarn is cooled and solidified to obtain an undrawn yarn. And after converging the obtained undrawn yarn to a fiber bundle, it draws by a draw ratio 2-4 times, and after providing a dispersible oil agent, it cut | disconnects to arbitrary fiber lengths and obtains a shortcut fiber.
次に、実施例を用いて本発明を具体的に説明する。ショートカット繊維の特性値及び湿式短繊維不織布の評価方法は次の通りである。
〔アスペクト比〕
前記の方法で測定し、算出した。
〔単糸繊度〕
切断前の繊維束を用いて、ＪＩＳ Ｌ １０１５ 正量繊度のＡ法により測定した。
〔繊維長〕
得られたショートカット繊維のサイドビュー写真を撮影し、任意の３０本の長さを測定し後、その平均値を撮影倍率で割り返して算出した。
〔強度、伸度〕
切断前の繊維束を用いて、ＪＩＳ Ｌ １０１５ 引張強さ及び伸び率により測定した。
〔不織布の厚み〕
得られた湿式短繊維不織布を、ＪＩＳ Ｌ １０９６ 織物の厚さにより加圧時間１０秒、加重２３．５ｋＰａの条件で測定した。
２００μｍ未満を合格とした。
〔不織布の通気度〕
得られた湿式短繊維不織布を、ＪＩＳ Ｌ １０９６ 通気性のＡ法により測定した。
１００ｃｃ／ｃｍ２／ｓｅｃ未満を合格とした。
〔不織布の機械的特性〕
得られた湿式短繊維不織布を、ＪＩＳ Ｌ １０９６ 引張強さ及び伸び率のＡ法によりＭＤ方向（乾燥機のＭＤ方向）の強力を測定した。
５０Ｎ／５ｃｍ巾以上を合格とした。
Next, the present invention will be specifically described using examples. The characteristic value of the shortcut fiber and the evaluation method of the wet short fiber nonwoven fabric are as follows.
〔aspect ratio〕
It was measured and calculated by the method described above.
[Single yarn fineness]
It measured by A method of JISL1015 positive amount fineness using the fiber bundle before a cutting | disconnection.
[Fiber length]
A side view photograph of the obtained shortcut fiber was taken, the length of any 30 fibers was measured, and the average value was calculated by dividing by the photographing magnification.
[Strength and elongation]
Using the fiber bundle before cutting, it was measured by JIS L 1015 tensile strength and elongation.
[Thickness of nonwoven fabric]
The obtained wet short fiber nonwoven fabric was measured under the conditions of a pressurization time of 10 seconds and a load of 23.5 kPa according to the thickness of the JIS L 1096 fabric.
Less than 200 μm was accepted.
[Air permeability of nonwoven fabric]
The obtained wet short fiber nonwoven fabric was measured by JIS L 1096 breathable A method.
Less than 100 cc / cm 2 / sec was considered acceptable.
[Mechanical properties of nonwoven fabric]
The strength of the obtained wet short fiber nonwoven fabric in the MD direction (MD direction of the dryer) was measured by A method of JIS L 1096 tensile strength and elongation.
50 N / 5 cm width or more was regarded as acceptable.
実施例１
融点が２５６℃、極限粘度（フェノールと四塩化エタンとの等質量混合物を溶媒として、試料濃度0.5質量％、温度20℃の条件下で常法に基づき測定した）０．６１のＰＥＴを、通常の紡糸装置を用い、紡糸温度２８５℃、吐出量２６５ｇ／分、紡糸速度７５０ｍ／分の条件で紡糸し、未延伸糸を得た。このとき、紡糸口金として、扁平断面（アスペクト比１０）の吐出孔が６０２個穿孔されたものを用いた。得られた未延伸糸を１３．３ｋｔｅｘの繊維束に集束した後、延伸倍率３．４５倍、延伸温度６５℃で延伸を行った。その後、ポリエーテルとポリエーテルエステルアミドを主成分とする分散油剤を付着量が０．２質量％となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度１．７ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、アスペクト比３．５のショートカット繊維を得た。
〔バインダー繊維〕
ポリエステルＡとして、融点が２５６℃、極限粘度０．６１のＰＥＴを用い、ポリエステルＢとして、流動開始温度が１１０℃、極限粘度０．６０のイソフタル酸を４０モル％共重合したＰＥＴを用いた。両ポリエステルを複合紡糸装置を用いてポリエステルＡを芯成分、ポリエステルＢを鞘成分とし、芯鞘質量比が１／１となるようにして、紡糸温度２８０℃、吐出量３４５ｇ／ｍｉｎ、紡糸速度１１７０ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で、紡糸し、未延伸糸を得た。このとき、紡糸口金として、丸断面の吐出孔が５６０個穿孔されたものを用いた。得られた未延伸糸を１２．４ｋｔｅｘの繊維束に集束した後、延伸温度６０℃、延伸倍率３．１０倍で延伸を行った。その後、ポリエーテルとポリエーテルエステルアミドを主成分とする分散油剤を付着量が０．２質量％となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度１．７ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍの短繊維（バインダー繊維）を得た。
〔湿式短繊維不織布〕
得られたショートカット繊維とバインダー繊維とを用い、混率を質量比７０／３０（ショートカット繊維／バインダー繊維）として、パルプ離解機（熊谷理機工業製）に投入し、３０００ｒｐｍにて１分間撹拌した。その後、得られた試料を抄紙機（熊谷理機工業製角型シ−トマシン）にて、ポリエーテルとポリエーテルエステルアミドを主成分とする分散油剤を添加した後、付帯の攪拌羽にて攪拌を行い抄紙し、湿式ウエブとした。そして、湿式ウエブを回転式乾燥機（熊谷理機工業製）にて１４０℃の温度で熱処理し、バインダー繊維の鞘成分を溶融させて、目付け５０ｇ／ｍ２の湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Example 1
A PET having a melting point of 256 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.61 (measured based on a conventional method under the conditions of a sample concentration of 0.5% by mass and a temperature of 20 ° C. using an equal mass mixture of phenol and ethane tetrachloride as a solvent) Were spun at a spinning temperature of 285 ° C., a discharge rate of 265 g / min, and a spinning speed of 750 m / min to obtain an undrawn yarn. At this time, a spinneret having 602 discharge holes having a flat cross section (aspect ratio of 10) was used. The obtained undrawn yarn was focused on a fiber bundle of 13.3 ktex, and then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.45 times and a draw temperature of 65 ° C. Thereafter, a dispersion oil mainly composed of polyether and polyether ester amide was applied so that the adhesion amount was 0.2% by mass, and then cut to obtain a single yarn fineness of 1.7 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, an aspect ratio of 3 .5 shortcut fibers were obtained.
[Binder fiber]
As polyester A, PET having a melting point of 256 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.61 was used, and as polyester B, PET obtained by copolymerizing 40 mol% of isophthalic acid having a flow initiation temperature of 110 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.60 was used. Using a compound spinning device for both polyesters, polyester A is the core component, polyester B is the sheath component, the core-sheath mass ratio is 1/1, the spinning temperature is 280 ° C., the discharge rate is 345 g / min, and the spinning speed is 1170 m. Spinning was performed under the conditions of / min to obtain an undrawn yarn. At this time, a spinneret having 560 round cross-section discharge holes was used. The obtained undrawn yarn was focused on a fiber bundle of 12.4 ktex, and then drawn at a drawing temperature of 60 ° C. and a draw ratio of 3.10 times. Then, after applying a dispersion oil mainly composed of polyether and polyether ester amide so that the adhesion amount is 0.2% by mass, it is cut to a short fiber having a single yarn fineness of 1.7 dtex and a fiber length of 5 mm ( Binder fiber) was obtained.
[Wet short fiber nonwoven fabric]
Using the obtained shortcut fiber and binder fiber, the mixing ratio was set to a mass ratio of 70/30 (shortcut fiber / binder fiber) to a pulp disintegrator (manufactured by Kumagai Riki Kogyo) and stirred at 3000 rpm for 1 minute. After that, the obtained sample was added with a paper machine (Kumagaya Riki Kogyo Kakuto Sheet Machine) with a dispersion oil mainly composed of polyether and polyetheresteramide, and then stirred with an accompanying stirring blade. To make a wet web. Then, the wet web was heat-treated at a temperature of 140 ° C. with a rotary drier (manufactured by Kumagai Riki Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to melt the sheath component of the binder fiber to obtain a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 .
実施例２〜３、比較例１〜３
主体繊維の紡糸条件を表１に示すものに変更し、表１に示すアスペクト比の短繊維とした以外は、実施例１と同様にしてショートカット繊維を得た。
さらに、実施例１と同様のバインダー繊維を用い、実施例１と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Examples 2-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3
Shortcut fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the spinning conditions of the main fibers were changed to those shown in Table 1 and the short fibers having the aspect ratio shown in Table 1 were used.
Further, a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using the same binder fiber as in Example 1.
実施例４〜５
ショートカット繊維とバインダー繊維の混率を表１に示すように変更した以外は、実施例１と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Example 4-5
A wet short fiber nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mixing ratio of the shortcut fiber and the binder fiber was changed as shown in Table 1.
実施例６
融点が２５６℃、極限粘度０．６１のＰＥＴを、通常の紡糸装置を用い、紡糸温度２８０℃、吐出量３４０ｇ／ｍｉｎ、紡糸速度７５０ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で紡糸し、未延伸糸を得た。このとき、紡糸口金として、扁平断面（アスペクト比１０）の吐出孔が６０２個穿孔されたものを用いた。得られた未延伸糸を１３．２ｋｔｅｘの繊維束に集束した後、延伸倍率３．４２倍、延伸温度６５℃で延伸を行った。その後、ポリエーテルとポリエーテルエステルアミドを主成分とする分散油剤を付着量が０．２質量％となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度２．２ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、アスペクト比３．５のショートカット繊維を得た。
次に、実施例１のバインダー繊維を用いて、実施例１と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Example 6
PET having a melting point of 256 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.61 was spun using a normal spinning device under the conditions of a spinning temperature of 280 ° C., a discharge rate of 340 g / min, and a spinning speed of 750 m / min to obtain an undrawn yarn. At this time, a spinneret having 602 discharge holes having a flat cross section (aspect ratio of 10) was used. The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 13.2 ktex fiber bundle, and then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.42 times and a draw temperature of 65 ° C. Thereafter, a dispersion oil mainly composed of polyether and polyether ester amide was applied so that the adhesion amount was 0.2% by mass, and then cut to obtain a single yarn fineness of 2.2 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, an aspect ratio of 3 .5 shortcut fibers were obtained.
Next, using the binder fiber of Example 1, a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
実施例７
融点が２５６℃、極限粘度０．６１のＰＥＴを、通常の紡糸装置を用い、紡糸温度２８０℃、吐出量４７７ｇ／ｍｉｎ、紡糸速度６５０ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で紡糸し、未延伸糸を得た。このとき、紡糸口金として、扁平断面（アスペクト比１２）の吐出孔が６０２個穿孔されたものを用いた。得られた未延伸糸を１３．９ｋｔｅｘの繊維束に集束した後、延伸倍率３．６９倍、延伸温度６５℃で延伸を行った。その後、ポリエーテルとポリエーテルエステルアミドを主成分とする分散油剤を付着量が０．２質量％となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度３．３ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、アスペクト比５．５のショートカット繊維を得た。
次に、実施例１のバインダー繊維を用いて、実施例１と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Example 7
PET having a melting point of 256 ° C. and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.61 was spun using a normal spinning device under the conditions of a spinning temperature of 280 ° C., a discharge rate of 477 g / min, and a spinning speed of 650 m / min to obtain an undrawn yarn. At this time, a spinneret having 602 discharge holes having a flat cross section (aspect ratio of 12) was used. The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 13.9 ktex fiber bundle, and then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.69 times and a draw temperature of 65 ° C. Thereafter, a dispersion oil mainly composed of polyether and polyether ester amide was applied so that the adhesion amount was 0.2% by mass, and then cut to obtain a single yarn fineness of 3.3 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, an aspect ratio of 5 .5 shortcut fibers were obtained.
Next, using the binder fiber of Example 1, a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
実施例８〜９、比較例４〜５
実施例１のショートカット繊維を得る際のカット長を変更し、表１に示す繊維長とした以外は実施例１と同様にしてショートカット繊維を得た。
そして、実施例１のバインダー繊維を用いて、実施例１と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Examples 8 to 9 , Comparative Examples 4 to 5
A shortcut fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the cut length in obtaining the shortcut fiber of Example 1 was changed to the fiber length shown in Table 1.
And using the binder fiber of Example 1, it carried out similarly to Example 1, and obtained the wet short fiber nonwoven fabric.
実施例１〜９、比較例１〜５で得られたショートカット繊維及び湿式短繊維不織布の特性値及び評価結果を表１に示す。
Table 1 shows the characteristic values and evaluation results of the shortcut fibers and wet short fiber nonwoven fabrics obtained in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 .
表１から明らかなように、実施例１〜９のショートカット繊維は、アスペクト比が３．５〜６．０の範囲内であり、強度、伸度、単糸繊度、繊維長ともに本発明の範囲内のものであったため、得られた湿式短繊維不織布は、厚みが薄く、通気度が低く、気密性に優れ、機械的特性にも優れたものであった。
一方、比較例１、２のショートカット繊維は、アスペクト比が小さかったため、丸断面形状に近いものとなり、得られた湿式短繊維不織布は、厚みが大きく、通気度が大きいものであった。比較例３ではアスペクト比を大きくしたため、紡糸時に切れ糸が発生し操業性が悪化した。また、得られたショートカット繊維は強度の低いものとなり、このショートカット繊維より得られた湿式短繊維不織布は機械的特性に劣るものであった。比較例４のショートカット繊維は、繊維長が長かったため、得られた湿式短繊維不織布は地合が悪くなり、厚みが大きく、通気度が大きく、機械的特性にも劣るものであった。比較例５のショートカット繊維は、繊維長が短かったため、切断時に繊維同士の融着が発生し、不織布の地合が悪くなり、厚みの大きいものとなり、通気度が大きく、機械的特性にも劣るものであった。
As is clear from Table 1, the shortcut fibers of Examples 1 to 9 have an aspect ratio in the range of 3.5 to 6.0, and the strength, elongation, single yarn fineness, and fiber length are all within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the obtained wet short fiber nonwoven fabric was thin, low in air permeability, excellent in air tightness, and excellent in mechanical properties.
On the other hand, since the shortcut fibers of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 had a small aspect ratio, they were close to a round cross-sectional shape, and the obtained wet short fiber nonwoven fabric had a large thickness and a high air permeability. In Comparative Example 3 , since the aspect ratio was increased, cut yarns were generated during spinning and the operability deteriorated. Moreover, the obtained shortcut fiber became a thing with low intensity | strength, and the wet short fiber nonwoven fabric obtained from this shortcut fiber was inferior to a mechanical characteristic. Since the shortcut fiber of Comparative Example 4 had a long fiber length, the resulting wet short fiber nonwoven fabric had a poor texture, a large thickness, a high air permeability, and poor mechanical properties. Since the shortcut fiber of Comparative Example 5 has a short fiber length, the fibers are fused to each other at the time of cutting, the nonwoven fabric becomes poor, the thickness is large, the air permeability is high, and the mechanical properties are inferior. It was a thing.
実施例１０
ポリ乳酸系重合体として、Ｌ−乳酸とＤ−乳酸の含有比であるＬ／Ｄが９８．８／１．２であり、融点１６８℃、相対粘度（フェノールと四塩化エタンとの等質量混合物を溶媒として、試料濃度0.5質量％、温度20℃の条件下で常法に基づき測定した）１．８８であるＬ−乳酸を主体とするポリ乳酸樹脂を、通常の紡糸装置を用い、紡糸温度２２０℃、吐出量２４２ｇ／ｍｉｎ、紡糸速度７５０ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で未延伸糸を得た。このとき、紡糸口金として、扁平断面（アスペクト比１０）の吐出孔が６０２個穿孔されたものを用いた。得られた未延伸糸を１３．３ｋｔｅｘのトウに集束した後、延伸倍率３．１５倍、延伸温度６０℃で延伸を行った。その後、ポリエーテルとポリエーテルエステルアミドを主成分とする分散油剤を０．２質量％の付着量となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度１．７ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、アスペクト比３．５の短繊維を得た。
〔バインダー繊維〕
ポリ乳酸Ａとして、Ｌ−乳酸とＤ−乳酸の含有比であるＬ／Ｄが９８．８／１．２であり、融点１６８℃、相対粘度１．８８であるＬ−乳酸を主体とするポリ乳酸樹脂、ポリ乳酸Ｂとして、Ｌ−乳酸とＤ−乳酸の含有比であるＬ／Ｄが８９．８／１０．２であり、融点１３０℃、相対粘度１．９１であるＬ−乳酸を主体とするポリ乳酸樹脂を用いた。複合紡糸装置を用い、ポリ乳酸Ａを芯成分、ポリ乳酸Ｂを鞘成分とし、芯鞘質量比率が１／１となるようにして、紡糸温度２２０℃、吐出量３３５ｇ／ｍｉｎ、紡糸速度１１７０ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で、ホール数５６０の丸型断面のノズルで紡出し、未延伸糸を得た。得られた未延伸糸を１２．３ｋｔｅｘの繊維束に集束した後、延伸温度５５℃、延伸倍率３．０
０倍で延伸を行った。その後、ポリエーテルとポリエーテルエステルアミドを主成分とする分散油剤を付着量が０．２質量％となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度１．７ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍの芯鞘型複合短繊維（バインダー繊維）を得た。
〔湿式短繊維不織布〕
得られたショートカット繊維とバインダー繊維とを用い、混率を質量比７０／３０（ショートカット繊維／バインダー繊維）として、パルプ離解機（熊谷理機工業製）に投入し、３０００ｒｐｍにて１分間撹拌した。その後、得られた試料を抄紙機（熊谷理機工業製角型シ−トマシン）にて、ポリエーテルとポリエーテルエステルアミドを主成分とする分散油剤を添加した後、付帯の攪拌羽にて攪拌を行い抄紙し、湿式ウエブとした。そして、湿式ウエブを回転式乾燥機（熊谷理機工業製）にて１４０℃の温度で熱処理し、バインダー繊維の鞘成分を溶融させて、目付け５０ｇ／ｍ２の湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Example 1 0
As a polylactic acid polymer, L / D, which is the content ratio of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid, is 98.8 / 1.2, melting point 168 ° C., relative viscosity (equal mass mixture of phenol and ethane tetrachloride) And a polylactic acid resin mainly composed of L-lactic acid of 1.88 (measured based on a conventional method under the conditions of a sample concentration of 0.5 mass% and a temperature of 20 ° C. using a normal spinning apparatus as a spinning temperature. An undrawn yarn was obtained under the conditions of 220 ° C., a discharge rate of 242 g / min, and a spinning speed of 750 m / min. At this time, a spinneret having 602 discharge holes having a flat cross section (aspect ratio of 10) was used. The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 13.3 ktex tow and then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.15 times and a draw temperature of 60 ° C. Thereafter, a dispersion oil mainly composed of polyether and polyether ester amide was applied so as to have an adhesion amount of 0.2% by mass, and then cut to obtain a single yarn fineness of 1.7 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, an aspect ratio of 3 .5 short fibers were obtained.
[Binder fiber]
As polylactic acid A, L / D, which is the content ratio of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid, is 98.8 / 1.2, a melting point of 168 ° C., and a relative viscosity of 1.88. L-lactic acid resin and polylactic acid B are mainly L-lactic acid having a content ratio of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid of 89.8 / 10.2, a melting point of 130 ° C. and a relative viscosity of 1.91. A polylactic acid resin was used. Using a composite spinning apparatus, polylactic acid A as a core component, polylactic acid B as a sheath component, and a core-sheath mass ratio of 1/1, a spinning temperature of 220 ° C., a discharge rate of 335 g / min, a spinning speed of 1170 m / Spinning was performed with a nozzle having a round cross section with 560 holes under the condition of min to obtain an undrawn yarn. After the obtained undrawn yarn was focused on a 12.3 ktex fiber bundle, the draw temperature was 55 ° C. and the draw ratio was 3.0.
Stretching was performed at 0 times. Thereafter, a dispersion oil mainly composed of polyether and polyether ester amide was applied so that the amount of adhesion was 0.2% by mass, and then cut to a core-sheath type having a single yarn fineness of 1.7 dtex and a fiber length of 5 mm. A composite short fiber (binder fiber) was obtained.
[Wet short fiber nonwoven fabric]
Using the obtained shortcut fiber and binder fiber, the mixing ratio was set to a mass ratio of 70/30 (shortcut fiber / binder fiber) to a pulp disintegrator (manufactured by Kumagai Riki Kogyo) and stirred at 3000 rpm for 1 minute. After that, the obtained sample was added with a paper machine (Kumagaya Riki Kogyo Kakuto Sheet Machine) with a dispersion oil mainly composed of polyether and polyetheresteramide, and then stirred with an accompanying stirring blade. To make a wet web. Then, the wet web was heat-treated at a temperature of 140 ° C. with a rotary drier (manufactured by Kumagai Riki Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to melt the sheath component of the binder fiber to obtain a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 50 g / m 2 .
実施例１１〜１２、比較例６〜８
主体繊維の紡糸条件を表２に示すものに変更し、表２に示すアスペクト比の短繊維とした以外は、実施例１０と同様にしてショートカット繊維を得た。
さらに、実施例１０と同様のバインダー繊維を用い、実施例１０と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Examples 1 1 to 1 2 , Comparative Examples 6 to 8
The spinning conditions of the main fiber was changed as shown in Table 2, except for using short fiber aspect ratio shown in Table 2, to obtain a short cut fibers in the same manner as in Example 1 0.
Furthermore, using the same binder fiber as in Example 1 0, to obtain a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 1 0.
実施例１３〜１４、比較例９〜１０
ショートカット繊維とバインダー繊維の混率を表２に示すように変更した以外は、実施例１０と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Example 1 3 to 1 4, Comparative Examples 9-10
The addition was Henko to Yo Shimesu in Hyo 2 to混率of Shotokatto Sen'i and Bainda Sen'i, was Toku the Shisshiki Tan Sen'i Fushokufu in the Doyo as Jisshi case 1 0.
実施例１５
ポリ乳酸系重合体として、Ｌ−乳酸とＤ−乳酸の含有比であるＬ／Ｄが９８．８／１．２であり、融点１６８℃、相対粘度１．８８であるＬ−乳酸を主体とするポリ乳酸樹脂を、通常の紡糸装置を用い、紡糸温度２２０℃、吐出量３２２ｇ／ｍｉｎ、紡糸速度７５０ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で未延伸糸を得た。このとき、紡糸口金として、扁平断面（アスペクト比１０）の吐出孔が６０２個穿孔されたものを用いた。得られた未延伸糸を１３．２ｋｔｅｘのトウに集束した後、延伸倍率３．２４倍、延伸温度６０℃で延伸を行った。その後、ポリエーテルとポリエーテルエステルアミドを主成分とする分散油剤を０．２質量％の付着量となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度２．２ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、アスペクト比３．５の短繊維を得た。
次に、実施例１０のバインダー繊維を用いて、実施例１０と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Example 1 5
As a polylactic acid polymer, L / D, which is the content ratio of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid, is 98.8 / 1.2, L-lactic acid having a melting point of 168 ° C. and a relative viscosity of 1.88 is mainly used. An undrawn yarn was obtained from the polylactic acid resin to be used under the conditions of a spinning temperature of 220 ° C., a discharge rate of 322 g / min, and a spinning speed of 750 m / min using a normal spinning device. At this time, a spinneret having 602 discharge holes having a flat cross section (aspect ratio of 10) was used. The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 13.2 ktex tow and then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.24 times and a draw temperature of 60 ° C. Thereafter, a dispersion oil mainly composed of polyether and polyether ester amide was applied so as to have an adhesion amount of 0.2% by mass, and then cut to obtain a single yarn fineness of 2.2 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, an aspect ratio of 3 .5 short fibers were obtained.
Next, using the binder fibers of Example 1 0, to obtain a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 1 0.
実施例１６
ポリ乳酸系重合体として、Ｌ−乳酸とＤ−乳酸の含有比であるＬ／Ｄが９８．８／１．２であり、融点１６８℃、相対粘度１．８８であるＬ−乳酸を主体とするポリ乳酸樹脂を、通常の紡糸装置を用い、紡糸温度２２０℃、吐出量４５９ｇ／ｍｉｎ、紡糸速度６５０ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で未延伸糸を得た。このとき、紡糸口金として、扁平断面（アスペクト比１２）の吐出孔が６０２個穿孔されたものを用いた。得られた未延伸糸を１３．９ｋｔｅｘのトウに集束した後、延伸倍率３．５５倍、延伸温度６５℃で延伸を行った。その後、ポリエーテルとポリエーテルエステルアミドを主成分とする分散油剤を０．２質量％の付着量となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度３．３ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、アスペクト比５．５の短繊維を得た。
次に、実施例１０のバインダー繊維を用いて、実施例１０と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Example 16
As a polylactic acid polymer, L / D, which is the content ratio of L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid, is 98.8 / 1.2, L-lactic acid having a melting point of 168 ° C. and a relative viscosity of 1.88 is mainly used. An undrawn yarn was obtained from the polylactic acid resin to be used under the conditions of a spinning temperature of 220 ° C., a discharge rate of 459 g / min, and a spinning speed of 650 m / min using a normal spinning device. At this time, a spinneret having 602 discharge holes having a flat cross section (aspect ratio of 12) was used. The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 13.9 ktex tow and then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.55 and a draw temperature of 65 ° C. Thereafter, a dispersion oil mainly composed of polyether and polyether ester amide was applied so as to have an adhesion amount of 0.2% by mass, and then cut to obtain a single yarn fineness of 3.3 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, an aspect ratio of 5 .5 short fibers were obtained.
Next, using the binder fibers of Example 1 0, to obtain a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 1 0.
実施例１７〜１８
実施例１２のショートカット繊維を得る際のカット長を変更し、表２に示す繊維長とした以外は実施例１０と同様にしてショートカット繊維を得た。
そして、実施例１０のバインダー繊維を用いて、実施例１０と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Examples 17-18
Change the cut length in obtaining the short cut fibers of Example 12, except that the fiber length shown in Table 2 to obtain a short cut fibers in the same manner as in Example 1 0.
Then, by using the binder fibers of Example 1 0, to obtain a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 1 0.
実施例１０〜１８、比較例６〜１０で得られたショートカット繊維及び湿式短繊維不織布の特性値及び評価結果を表２に示す。
Examples 1 0-18, characteristic values and the evaluation results of the short cut fibers and wet short fiber nonwoven fabric obtained in Comparative Examples 6-10 are shown in Table 2.
表２から明らかなように、実施例１０〜１８のショートカット繊維は、アスペクト比が３．５〜６．０の範囲内であり、強度、伸度、単糸繊度、繊維長ともに本発明の範囲内のものであったため、得られた湿式短繊維不織布は、厚みが薄く、通気度が低く、気密性に優れ、機械的特性にも優れたものであった。
一方、比較例６、７のショートカット繊維は、アスペクト比が小さかったため、丸断面形状に近いものとなり、得られた湿式短繊維不織布は、厚みが大きく、通気度が大きいものであった。比較例８ではアスペクト比を大きくしたため、紡糸時に切れ糸が発生し操業性が悪化した。また、得られたショートカット繊維は強度の低いものとなり、このショートカット繊維より得られた湿式短繊維不織布は機械的特性に劣るものであった。比較例９のショートカット繊維は、繊維長が長かったため、得られた湿式短繊維不織布は地合が悪くなり、厚みが大きく、通気度が大きく、機械的特性にも劣るものであった。比較例１０のショートカット繊維は、繊維長が短かったため、切断時に繊維同士の融着が発生し、不織布の地合が悪くなり、厚みの大きいものとなり、通気度が大きく、機械的特性にも劣るものであった。
As is apparent from Table 2, the shortcut fibers of Examples 10 to 18 have an aspect ratio in the range of 3.5 to 6.0, and the strength, elongation, single yarn fineness, and fiber length are all within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the obtained wet short fiber nonwoven fabric was thin, low in air permeability, excellent in air tightness, and excellent in mechanical properties.
On the other hand, since the shortcut fibers of Comparative Examples 6 and 7 had a small aspect ratio, they were close to a round cross-sectional shape, and the obtained wet short fiber nonwoven fabric had a large thickness and a high air permeability. In Comparative Example 8 , since the aspect ratio was increased, cut yarns were generated during spinning and the operability deteriorated. Moreover, the obtained shortcut fiber became a thing with low intensity | strength, and the wet short fiber nonwoven fabric obtained from this shortcut fiber was inferior to a mechanical characteristic. Since the shortcut fiber of Comparative Example 9 had a long fiber length, the obtained wet short fiber nonwoven fabric had poor texture, large thickness, high air permeability, and poor mechanical properties. Since the shortcut fiber of Comparative Example 10 has a short fiber length, the fibers are fused to each other at the time of cutting, the formation of the nonwoven fabric is deteriorated, the thickness is increased, the air permeability is large, and the mechanical properties are also inferior. It was a thing.
実施例１９
融点が２１５℃、相対粘度（９６％硫酸を溶媒として、濃度１ｇ／ｄｌ、温度２５．０℃で測定した）が２．５０のナイロン６を使用し、通常の紡糸装置を用い、紡糸温度２６５℃、吐出量３５３ｇ／ｍｉｎ、紡糸速度１０００ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で紡糸し、未延伸糸を得た。このとき、紡糸口金として、扁平断面（アスペクト比１０）の吐出孔が６０２個穿孔されたものを用いた。得られた未延伸糸を１３．３ｋｔｅｘの繊維束に集束した後、延伸倍率３．４５倍、延伸温度６５℃で延伸を行った。その後、分散油剤を付着量が０．２質量％となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度１．７ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、アスペクト比３．５のショートカット繊維を得た。
〔バインダー繊維〕
ポリアミドＡとして、融点が２５０℃、相対粘度が２．５７のナイロン６６を用い、ポリアミドＢとして、融点が１４１℃、相対粘度が２．５５のナイロン６／ナイロン１２共重合ポリアミドを用いた。両ポリアミドを複合紡糸装置を用いて、ポリアミドＡを芯成分、ポリアミドＢを鞘成分とし、芯鞘質量比が１／１となるようにして、紡糸温度２８０℃、吐出量３４５ｇ／ｍｉｎ、紡糸速度１１７０ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で、紡糸し、未延伸糸を得た。このとき、紡糸口金として、丸断面の吐出孔が５６０個穿孔されたものを用いた。得られた未延伸糸を１２．４ｋｔｅｘの繊維束に集束した後、延伸温度５５℃、延伸倍率３．１０倍で延伸を行った。その後、分散油剤を付着量が０．２質量％となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度１．７ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍの短繊維（バインダー繊維）を得た。
〔湿式短繊維不織布〕
得られたショートカット繊維とバインダー繊維とを用い、混率を質量比７０／３０（ショートカット繊維／バインダー繊維）として、パルプ離解機（熊谷理機工業製）に投入し、３０００ｒｐｍにて１分間撹拌した。その後、得られた試料を抄紙機（熊谷理機工業製角型シ−トマシン）にて、ポリエーテルとポリエーテルエステルアミドを主成分とする分散油剤を添加した後、付帯の攪拌羽にて攪拌を行い抄紙し、湿式ウエブとした。そして、湿式ウエブを回転式乾燥機（熊谷理機工業製）にて１５０℃の温度で熱処理し、バインダー繊維の鞘成分を溶融させて、目付け５０ｇ／ｍ２の湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Example 19
Nylon 6 having a melting point of 215 ° C., a relative viscosity (measured at a concentration of 1 g / dl and a temperature of 25.0 ° C. using 96% sulfuric acid as a solvent) of 2.50, using a normal spinning device, and using a spinning temperature of 265 Spinning was carried out under the conditions of C, discharge rate 353 g / min, spinning speed 1000 m / min to obtain an undrawn yarn. At this time, a spinneret having 602 discharge holes having a flat cross section (aspect ratio of 10) was used. The obtained undrawn yarn was focused on a fiber bundle of 13.3 ktex, and then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.45 times and a draw temperature of 65 ° C. Thereafter, the dispersion oil was applied so that the adhesion amount was 0.2% by mass, and then cut to obtain a shortcut fiber having a single yarn fineness of 1.7 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and an aspect ratio of 3.5.
[Binder fiber]
As polyamide A, nylon 66 having a melting point of 250 ° C. and a relative viscosity of 2.57 was used, and as polyamide B, nylon 6 / nylon 12 copolymer polyamide having a melting point of 141 ° C. and a relative viscosity of 2.55 was used. Using a composite spinning machine for both polyamides, polyamide A is the core component, polyamide B is the sheath component, the core-sheath mass ratio is 1/1, the spinning temperature is 280 ° C., the discharge rate is 345 g / min, the spinning speed Spinning was performed at 1170 m / min to obtain an undrawn yarn. At this time, a spinneret having 560 round cross-section discharge holes was used. The obtained undrawn yarn was focused on a fiber bundle of 12.4 ktex, and then drawn at a drawing temperature of 55 ° C. and a draw ratio of 3.10 times. Thereafter, the dispersion oil was applied so that the adhesion amount was 0.2% by mass, and then cut to obtain a short fiber (binder fiber) having a single yarn fineness of 1.7 dtex and a fiber length of 5 mm.
[Wet short fiber nonwoven fabric]
Using the obtained shortcut fiber and binder fiber, the mixing ratio was set to a mass ratio of 70/30 (shortcut fiber / binder fiber) to a pulp disintegrator (manufactured by Kumagai Riki Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and stirred at 3000 rpm for 1 minute. After that, the obtained sample was added with a paper machine (Kumagaya Riki Kogyo Kakuto Sheet Machine) with a dispersion oil mainly composed of polyether and polyetheresteramide, and then stirred with an accompanying stirring blade. To make a wet web. And the wet web was heat-processed at the temperature of 150 degreeC with the rotary dryer (made by Kumagai Riki Kogyo), the sheath component of the binder fiber was fuse | melted, and the wet short fiber nonwoven fabric of 50 g / m < 2 > of fabric weight was obtained.
実施例２０〜２１、比較例１１〜１３
主体繊維の紡糸条件を表３に示すものに変更し、表３に示すアスペクト比の短繊維とした以外は、実施例１９と同様にしてショートカット繊維を得た。
さらに、実施例１９と同様のバインダー繊維を用い、実施例１９と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Examples 2 0 to 2 1 , Comparative Examples 1 1 to 1 3
Shortcut fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the spinning conditions of the main fibers were changed to those shown in Table 3 to obtain short fibers having the aspect ratio shown in Table 3.
Furthermore, using the same binder fiber as in Example 19, to obtain a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 19.
実施例２２〜２３
ショートカット繊維とバインダー繊維の混率を表３に示すように変更した以外は、実施例２３と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Examples 2 2 to 2 3
A wet short fiber nonwoven fabric was obtained in the same manner as in Example 23 except that the mixing ratio of the shortcut fiber and the binder fiber was changed as shown in Table 3.
実施例２４
融点が２１５℃、相対粘度が２．５０のナイロン６を、通常の紡糸装置を用い、紡糸温度２６０℃、吐出量３４０ｇ／ｍｉｎ、紡糸速度７５０ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で紡糸し、未延伸糸を得た。このとき、紡糸口金として、扁平断面（アスペクト比１０）の吐出孔が６０２個穿孔されたものを用いた。得られた未延伸糸を１３．２ｋｔｅｘの繊維束に集束した後、延伸倍率３．４２倍、延伸温度６５℃で延伸を行った。その後、分散油剤を付着量が０．２質量％となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度２．２ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、アスペクト比３．５のショートカット繊維を得た。
次に、実施例１９のバインダー繊維を用いて、実施例１９と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Example 24
Nylon 6 having a melting point of 215 ° C. and a relative viscosity of 2.50 is spun using a normal spinning device under the conditions of a spinning temperature of 260 ° C., a discharge rate of 340 g / min, and a spinning speed of 750 m / min to obtain an undrawn yarn. It was. At this time, a spinneret having 602 discharge holes having a flat cross section (aspect ratio of 10) was used. The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 13.2 ktex fiber bundle, and then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.42 times and a draw temperature of 65 ° C. Thereafter, a dispersion oil was applied so that the adhesion amount was 0.2% by mass, and then cut to obtain a shortcut fiber having a single yarn fineness of 2.2 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and an aspect ratio of 3.5.
Next, using the binder fibers of Example 19, to obtain a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 19.
実施例２５
融点が２１５℃、相対粘度が２．５０のナイロン６を、通常の紡糸装置を用い、紡糸温度２６０℃、吐出量４７６ｇ／ｍｉｎ、紡糸速度６５０ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で紡糸し、未延伸糸を得た。このとき、紡糸口金として、扁平断面（アスペクト比１２）の吐出孔が６０２個穿孔されたものを用いた。得られた未延伸糸を１３．９ｋｔｅｘの繊維束に集束した後、延伸倍率３．６９倍、延伸温度６５℃で延伸を行った。その後、分散油剤を付着量が０．２質量％となるように付与した後、カットして単糸繊度３．３ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、アスペクト比５．５のショートカット繊維を得た。
次に、実施例１９のバインダー繊維を用いて、実施例１９と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Example 25
Nylon 6 having a melting point of 215 ° C. and a relative viscosity of 2.50 is spun using a normal spinning device at a spinning temperature of 260 ° C., a discharge rate of 476 g / min, and a spinning speed of 650 m / min to obtain an undrawn yarn. It was. At this time, a spinneret having 602 discharge holes having a flat cross section (aspect ratio of 12) was used. The resulting undrawn yarn was focused on a 13.9 ktex fiber bundle, and then drawn at a draw ratio of 3.69 times and a draw temperature of 65 ° C. Thereafter, a dispersion oil agent was applied so that the adhesion amount was 0.2% by mass and then cut to obtain a shortcut fiber having a single yarn fineness of 3.3 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and an aspect ratio of 5.5.
Next, using the binder fibers of Example 19, to obtain a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 19.
実施例２６〜２７、比較例１４〜１５
実施例１９のショートカット繊維を得る際のカット長を変更し、表３に示す繊維長とした以外は実施例１９と同様にしてショートカット繊維を得た。
そして、実施例１９のバインダー繊維を用いて、実施例１９と同様にして湿式短繊維不織布を得た。
Examples 26-27, Comparative Example 1 4 to 1 5
A shortcut fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the cut length in obtaining the shortcut fiber of Example 19 was changed to the fiber length shown in Table 3.
Then, by using the binder fibers of Example 19, to obtain a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric in the same manner as in Example 19.
実施例１９〜２７、比較例１１〜１５で得られたショートカット繊維及び湿式短繊維不織布の特性値及び評価結果を表３に示す。
Table 3 shows the characteristic values and evaluation results of the shortcut fibers and wet short fiber nonwoven fabrics obtained in Examples 19 to 27 and Comparative Examples 11 to 15 .
表３から明らかなように、実施例１９〜２７のショートカット繊維は、アスペクト比が３．５〜６．０の範囲内であり、強度、伸度、単糸繊度、繊維長ともに本発明の範囲内のものであったため、得られた湿式短繊維不織布は、厚みが薄く、通気度が低く、気密性に優れ、機械的特性にも優れたものであった。
一方、比較例１１、１２のショートカット繊維は、アスペクト比が小さかったため、丸断面形状に近いものとなり、得られた湿式短繊維不織布は、厚みが大きく、通気度が高いものとなった。比較例１３ではアスペクト比を大きくしたため、紡糸時に切れ糸が発生し操業性が悪化した。また、得られたショートカット繊維は強度の低いものとなり、このショートカット繊維より得られた湿式短繊維不織布は機械的特性に劣るものであった。比較例１４のショートカット繊維は、繊維長が長かったため、得られた湿式短繊維不織布は地合が悪くなり、厚さが厚く、通気度が大きく、機械的特性にも劣るものであった。比較例１５のショートカット繊維は、繊維長が短かったため、切断時に繊維同士の融着が発生し、不織布の地合が悪くなり、厚さの大きいものとなり、通気度が大きく、機械的特性にも劣るものであった。
As is apparent from Table 3, the shortcut fibers of Examples 19 to 27 have an aspect ratio in the range of 3.5 to 6.0, and the strength, elongation, single yarn fineness, and fiber length are all within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the obtained wet short fiber nonwoven fabric was thin, low in air permeability, excellent in air tightness, and excellent in mechanical properties.
On the other hand, since the shortcut fibers of Comparative Examples 11 and 12 had a small aspect ratio, they were close to a round cross-sectional shape, and the resulting wet short fiber nonwoven fabric had a large thickness and a high air permeability. Due to increasing the Comparative Example 1 3 in aspect ratio, runnability yarn occurs off during spinning is deteriorated. Moreover, the obtained shortcut fiber became a thing with low intensity | strength, and the wet short fiber nonwoven fabric obtained from this shortcut fiber was inferior to a mechanical characteristic. Short cut fibers of Comparative Example 1 4, since the fiber length is longer, resulting wet short fiber nonwoven fabric formation is deteriorated, thick thickness, air permeability is large and was poor in mechanical properties. Short cut fibers of Comparative Example 1 5, because the fiber length is short, fusion of fibers occurs during cutting, formation of the nonwoven fabric is poor, a thing of the thickness large, air permeability is large, the mechanical properties Was inferior.
Claims (1)
A fiber length of 2 to 20 mm made of a thermoplastic resin, a single yarn fineness of 0.8 to 4.0 dtex, a short fiber not imparted with mechanical crimping, and the single fiber constituting the short fiber is the length of the fiber The cross section cut perpendicular to the direction has a flat cross-sectional shape, the aspect ratio (long side / short side), which is the ratio of the length of the long side to the short side, is 3.5 to 6.0, and the strength is A shortcut fiber for a wet short fiber nonwoven fabric, characterized in that it has a viscosity of 3.0 to 8.0 cN / dtex and an elongation of 25 to 100%.
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