JP5485742B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display Download PDF

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JP5485742B2
JP5485742B2 JP2010031606A JP2010031606A JP5485742B2 JP 5485742 B2 JP5485742 B2 JP 5485742B2 JP 2010031606 A JP2010031606 A JP 2010031606A JP 2010031606 A JP2010031606 A JP 2010031606A JP 5485742 B2 JP5485742 B2 JP 5485742B2
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liquid crystal
electrode
crystal display
viewing angle
light shielding
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JP2011169982A (en
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淳 門脇
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Seiko Instruments Inc
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Description

この発明は、視野角の制御が可能な液晶表示装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device capable of controlling a viewing angle.

液晶表示装置は薄型、軽量、低消費電力などの特徴を有する。中でも薄膜トランジスタによりアクティブ駆動させるＩＰＳ（Ｉｎ Ｐｌａｎｅ Ｓｗｉｔｃｈｉｎｇ）型液晶表示装置は、視野角が広く、階調反転などの表示品位の低下がないため、テレビやパーソナルコンピューター、携帯電子機器などに広く用いられている。このように広視野角をもつＩＰＳ型液晶表示装置では、多人数で同一の表示を見ることが可能となる。その一方で、個人的な情報が表示される場合には、プライバシーの保護等、使用目的や環境に応じて視野角を調整できる液晶表示装置が知られている（特許文献１及び特許文献２参照）。これらの液晶表示装置は、電極基板の表面に共通電極と画素電極が設けられ、さらにこれらの電極と対向する対向基板の対向面には第３の電極が設けられている。そして、共通電極と画素電極の間に画像データに応じた駆動電圧が印加されることにより、共通電極と画素電極の間の電界によって、液晶層の配向状態が駆動されて画像が表示される。さらに、この第３の電極と、共通電極と画素電極のいずれか一方の間に電圧が印加されることにより、基板面に対して垂直方向の電界が形成され、液晶層の配向状態が斜め方向に駆動されて、視野角を狭くすることができる。   A liquid crystal display device has features such as thinness, light weight, and low power consumption. In particular, an IPS (In Plane Switching) type liquid crystal display device that is actively driven by a thin film transistor has a wide viewing angle and does not deteriorate display quality such as gradation inversion, so that it is widely used in televisions, personal computers, portable electronic devices, and the like. Yes. In this way, in the IPS liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle, it is possible to see the same display by many people. On the other hand, when personal information is displayed, a liquid crystal display device that can adjust the viewing angle according to the purpose of use and environment such as privacy protection is known (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). ). In these liquid crystal display devices, a common electrode and a pixel electrode are provided on the surface of the electrode substrate, and a third electrode is provided on the opposing surface of the opposing substrate that faces these electrodes. Then, a driving voltage corresponding to image data is applied between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, whereby the alignment state of the liquid crystal layer is driven by the electric field between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and an image is displayed. Further, a voltage is applied between the third electrode and any one of the common electrode and the pixel electrode, whereby an electric field perpendicular to the substrate surface is formed, and the alignment state of the liquid crystal layer is oblique. The viewing angle can be narrowed.

特開平１１−３０７８３号公報JP-A-11-30783 特開２００６−３２３２８０号公報JP 2006-323280 A

しかしながら、従来の視野角の調整が可能な液晶表示装置では、第３の電極を設けているため、コストが増加し、歩留まりが低下していた。そこで、本発明は、従来の電極構造を変えずに、低コストかつ高い歩留まりで製造可能な液晶表示装置を提供することを目的とする。   However, in the conventional liquid crystal display device capable of adjusting the viewing angle, since the third electrode is provided, the cost increases and the yield decreases. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that can be manufactured at a low cost and a high yield without changing the conventional electrode structure.

本発明の液晶表示装置では、第３の電極を設けることなく、遮光層を用いて視野角制御の電界を形成する。すなわち、本発明の液晶表示装置は、共通電極と画素電極からなる電極対を設けた基板と、この電極対と対向して配置された対向基板との間に挟持された液晶層と、この液晶層を駆動する駆動手段を有する。さらに、対向基板の下面（液晶層に近接する面）には、遮光層が設けられる。このような構成により、通常表示では、液晶駆動用信号により共通電極と画素電極に電圧が印加されて、共通電極と画素電極の間に、基板に対して平行な電界が形成される。一方、狭視野角表示では、視野角制御信号により遮光層に電圧が印加されて、遮光層と画素電極および遮光層と共通電極の間に、基板に対して垂直な電界が形成される。   In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the electric field for viewing angle control is formed using the light shielding layer without providing the third electrode. That is, the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a substrate provided with an electrode pair composed of a common electrode and a pixel electrode, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a counter substrate disposed opposite to the electrode pair, and the liquid crystal A driving means for driving the layer; Further, a light shielding layer is provided on the lower surface of the counter substrate (surface adjacent to the liquid crystal layer). With such a configuration, in normal display, a voltage is applied to the common electrode and the pixel electrode by a liquid crystal driving signal, and an electric field parallel to the substrate is formed between the common electrode and the pixel electrode. On the other hand, in the narrow viewing angle display, a voltage is applied to the light shielding layer by the viewing angle control signal, and an electric field perpendicular to the substrate is formed between the light shielding layer and the pixel electrode and between the light shielding layer and the common electrode.

また、遮光層は、顔料分散型樹脂により形成され、カーボンブラックを含んでもよい。
また、遮光層は金属膜により形成されてもよい。
また、遮光膜は顔料分散型樹脂と金属膜の積層構造により形成されてもよい。
また、視野角制御信号が入力された際に、液晶駆動用信号の電圧の設定値を変更してもよい。 The light shielding layer may be formed of a pigment dispersion resin and may contain carbon black.
Further, the light shielding layer may be formed of a metal film.
Further, the light shielding film may be formed by a laminated structure of a pigment-dispersed resin and a metal film.
Further, when the viewing angle control signal is input, the set value of the voltage of the liquid crystal driving signal may be changed.

本発明の液晶表示装置によれば、狭視野角表示が可能となり、かつ、正面視においても表示内容を認識することができる。また、遮光層の印加電圧を制御することで、コントラスト低下の度合いを調節することができて、ユーザー好みの視野角制御に設定することができる。さらに、遮光層はカラーフィルタを有する基板面に設置され、通常の製造プロセスで作製することができるため、低コストで製造できるとともに、歩留まりを向上させることができる。   According to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a narrow viewing angle display is possible, and the display content can be recognized even in a front view. Further, by controlling the voltage applied to the light shielding layer, the degree of contrast reduction can be adjusted, and the viewing angle control can be set to the user's preference. Further, since the light shielding layer is provided on the substrate surface having the color filter and can be manufactured by a normal manufacturing process, it can be manufactured at low cost and the yield can be improved.

本発明の実施形態に係る液晶表示装置の模式的な平面図である。1 is a schematic plan view of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る液晶表示装置の模式的な断面図である。1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る液晶表示装置の模式的な断面図である。1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る液晶表示装置の模式的な断面図である。1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態に係る液晶表示装置の模式的な断面図である。1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

本発明の液晶表示装置は、第一電極と第二電極が形成された基板と、この基板に対向して配置された対向基板との間に液晶層が挟持され、この液晶層が駆動手段によって駆動され、画像が表示される。さらに対向基板には、基板に対向する下面（液晶層と近接する面）に、体積抵抗率が１０8Ω・ｃｍ以下の遮光層が設けられる。通常の表示では、この駆動手段に液晶駆動用信号が入力されると第一電極と第二電極に電圧が印加され、基板に対してほぼ平行な電界が形成される。一方、狭視野角表示では、駆動手段に視野角制御信号が入力されて遮光層に電圧が印加され、遮光層と第一電極及び第二電極の間に基板に対して垂直方向の電界が形成される。 In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between a substrate on which a first electrode and a second electrode are formed and a counter substrate disposed opposite to the substrate, and the liquid crystal layer is driven by a driving unit. Driven and an image is displayed. Further, the counter substrate is provided with a light shielding layer having a volume resistivity of 10 8 Ω · cm or less on a lower surface (a surface close to the liquid crystal layer) facing the substrate. In a normal display, when a liquid crystal driving signal is input to this driving means, a voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, and an electric field substantially parallel to the substrate is formed. On the other hand, in the narrow viewing angle display, a viewing angle control signal is input to the driving means and a voltage is applied to the light shielding layer, and an electric field perpendicular to the substrate is formed between the light shielding layer and the first electrode and the second electrode. Is done.

また、駆動手段には視野角制御スイッチが設けられており、このスイッチを切り替えることにより、第一電極と第二電極の間に基板に対してほぼ平行な電界が形成される通常表示と、遮光層と第一電極及び第二電極の間に基板に対して垂直方向の電界が形成される狭視野角表示を選択することができる。   Further, the driving means is provided with a viewing angle control switch, and by switching this switch, a normal display in which an electric field substantially parallel to the substrate is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and light shielding A narrow viewing angle display in which an electric field perpendicular to the substrate is formed between the layer and the first and second electrodes can be selected.

また、狭視野角表示から通常表示へ切り替える過程で、遮光層を接地して、視野角制御のための残留電荷を放電させてもよい。
以下に本発明の液晶表示装置について、実施例を用いて詳細に説明する。 Further, in the process of switching from the narrow viewing angle display to the normal display, the light shielding layer may be grounded to discharge residual charges for viewing angle control.
Hereinafter, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

本実施例の液晶表示装置の構成を、図１及び図２を基に説明する。図１は、本実施例の液晶表示装置１の平面図で、図２は、図１のＡ−Ｂ間の断面図である。   The configuration of the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AB in FIG.

本実施例の液晶表示装置は、図２に示すように、基板８と対向基板７との間に、正の誘電率異方性を持つネマティック液晶層２が挟持された構成である。   As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid crystal display device of this example has a configuration in which a nematic liquid crystal layer 2 having positive dielectric anisotropy is sandwiched between a substrate 8 and a counter substrate 7.

対向基板７の下面（液晶層２に近接する面)には、赤、緑、青の３色のカラーフィルタ１０Ｒ、１０Ｇ、１０Ｂがストライプ状に繰り返して配列される。さらに、対向基板７の下面には、カラーフィルタ層１０Ｒ、１０Ｇ、１０Ｂの各境界部に、体積抵抗率が１０8Ω・ｃｍ以下の遮光層９が形成される。カラーフィルタ層１０の下面に樹脂製の平坦化層１１が、平坦化層１１の下面に上配向膜１２が形成される。上配向膜１２は液晶層２に近接してその配向方向を規定している。 On the lower surface of the counter substrate 7 (surface adjacent to the liquid crystal layer 2), the color filters 10R, 10G, and 10B of three colors of red, green, and blue are repeatedly arranged in a stripe shape. Further, a light shielding layer 9 having a volume resistivity of 10 8 Ω · cm or less is formed on the lower surface of the counter substrate 7 at each boundary portion of the color filter layers 10R, 10G, and 10B. A planarizing layer 11 made of resin is formed on the lower surface of the color filter layer 10, and an upper alignment film 12 is formed on the lower surface of the planarizing layer 11. The upper alignment film 12 is close to the liquid crystal layer 2 and defines its alignment direction.

基板８の上面（液晶層２に近接する側）には、第２の絶縁層１８が形成され、その上面に形成された信号配線１７と画素電極１５を絶縁している。画素電極１５は、透明導電膜から形成されており、画素部全体と対応する形状となっている。さらに、第２の絶縁層１８上には、信号配線１７と画素電極１５を覆うように第１の絶縁層１６が形成される。第１の絶縁層１６の上面には、共通電極１４が遮光層９と対面するように形成され、絶縁層１６で絶縁されている。共通電極１４は、３つ穴部を有する形状で、透明導電膜から形成され隣接する画素に接続される。共通電極１４は、ホモジニアス配向した液晶分子の配向角度と主な印加電界方向とのなす角度が７０度〜１１０度の間の値となるように形成される。共通電極１４と画素電極１５からなる電極対は行方向及び列方向にマトリックス状に配列される。共通電極１４の上面には下配光膜１３が形成され、下配光膜１３は液晶層２４に近接してその配向方向を規定している。   A second insulating layer 18 is formed on the upper surface of the substrate 8 (on the side close to the liquid crystal layer 2), and the signal wiring 17 and the pixel electrode 15 formed on the upper surface are insulated. The pixel electrode 15 is formed of a transparent conductive film and has a shape corresponding to the entire pixel portion. Further, the first insulating layer 16 is formed on the second insulating layer 18 so as to cover the signal wiring 17 and the pixel electrode 15. The common electrode 14 is formed on the upper surface of the first insulating layer 16 so as to face the light shielding layer 9, and is insulated by the insulating layer 16. The common electrode 14 has a shape having three holes, is formed of a transparent conductive film, and is connected to adjacent pixels. The common electrode 14 is formed such that the angle formed by the homogeneously aligned liquid crystal molecules and the main applied electric field direction has a value between 70 degrees and 110 degrees. The electrode pairs including the common electrode 14 and the pixel electrode 15 are arranged in a matrix in the row direction and the column direction. A lower light distribution film 13 is formed on the upper surface of the common electrode 14, and the lower light distribution film 13 is close to the liquid crystal layer 24 and defines the orientation direction thereof.

さらに、対向基板７の上面には静電気を遮断するための透明導電膜６が設置される。透明導電膜６の上面には上偏光板４が、基板８の下面には下偏光板５が配置される。そして、これら対向基板７と基板８は、ホモジニアス配向処理された上配向膜１２と下配向膜１３が互いに対向するように配置され、液晶層２を挟持するとともに、液晶表示装置の画面領域を囲む枠上のシール材（図示しない）を介して接合される。   Further, a transparent conductive film 6 for blocking static electricity is provided on the upper surface of the counter substrate 7. An upper polarizing plate 4 is disposed on the upper surface of the transparent conductive film 6, and a lower polarizing plate 5 is disposed on the lower surface of the substrate 8. The counter substrate 7 and the substrate 8 are arranged so that the upper alignment film 12 and the lower alignment film 13 subjected to the homogeneous alignment process face each other, sandwich the liquid crystal layer 2, and surround the screen area of the liquid crystal display device. It joins via the sealing material (not shown) on a frame.

また、この液晶表示装置１は、図１に示すように、駆動手段としての薄膜トランジスタ２１を有する。この薄膜トランジスタ２１は逆スタガ型構造であり、チャネル部はアモルファスシリコン層２０で形成され、走査配線１９と信号配線１７が交差する近傍に設置されている。   Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the liquid crystal display device 1 includes a thin film transistor 21 as a driving unit. The thin film transistor 21 has an inverted staggered structure, and the channel portion is formed of an amorphous silicon layer 20 and is disposed in the vicinity where the scanning wiring 19 and the signal wiring 17 intersect.

次に、本実施例の液晶表示装置の視野角制御信号と液晶の動作について説明する。図３〜図５は、本実施例の液晶表示装置の基板の一部分を模式的に示す断面図である。図示するように、液晶表示装置は、遮光膜９が形成された対向基板７と、共通電極１４及び画素電極１５が形成された基板８との間に液晶分子３を含む液晶層２が挟持されている。また、液晶表示装置の駆動手段には、切り替え可能な視野角制御スイッチ２４が設けられる。   Next, the viewing angle control signal of the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment and the operation of the liquid crystal will be described. 3-5 is sectional drawing which shows typically a part of board | substrate of the liquid crystal display device of a present Example. As shown in the figure, in the liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal layer 2 including liquid crystal molecules 3 is sandwiched between a counter substrate 7 on which a light shielding film 9 is formed and a substrate 8 on which a common electrode 14 and a pixel electrode 15 are formed. ing. Further, a switchable viewing angle control switch 24 is provided in the driving means of the liquid crystal display device.

図３は、視野角が制御されない通常の表示状態を示す。液晶分子３は共通電極１４と画素電極１５間の電界により駆動される。この電界は、基板８に対して平行な電界であり、液晶分子３は基板８に対してほぼ平行な状態で駆動される。   FIG. 3 shows a normal display state in which the viewing angle is not controlled. The liquid crystal molecules 3 are driven by an electric field between the common electrode 14 and the pixel electrode 15. This electric field is an electric field parallel to the substrate 8, and the liquid crystal molecules 3 are driven in a state substantially parallel to the substrate 8.

図４は、視野角が制御された表示状態を示す。視野角制御スイッチ２４を切換えることにより視野角制御信号２３が遮光層９に接続されている。液晶分子３は共通電極１４および画素電極１５と遮光層９の間に形成される電界によって駆動される。この電界は、基板８に対してほぼ垂直な電界となっている。そのため、図示するように、狭視野角表示では、遮光層９と共通電極１４および画素電極１５の間の電界によって液晶分子３が基板に対して立っている。この状態で、液晶表示装置１を斜視するとコントラストが著しく低下し表示を認識することが難しくなり、視野角が制御される。   FIG. 4 shows a display state in which the viewing angle is controlled. A viewing angle control signal 23 is connected to the light shielding layer 9 by switching the viewing angle control switch 24. The liquid crystal molecules 3 are driven by an electric field formed between the common electrode 14 and the pixel electrode 15 and the light shielding layer 9. This electric field is an electric field substantially perpendicular to the substrate 8. Therefore, as shown in the drawing, in the narrow viewing angle display, the liquid crystal molecules 3 stand with respect to the substrate by the electric field between the light shielding layer 9, the common electrode 14, and the pixel electrode 15. In this state, when the liquid crystal display device 1 is obliquely viewed, the contrast is remarkably lowered and it becomes difficult to recognize the display, and the viewing angle is controlled.

図５は、視野角が制御された状態から、視野角が制御されない通常の表示状態に戻す前の残留電荷の放電状態を示す。視野角制御スイッチ２４を一時的に切換えることにより、遮光層９を接地して、視野角制御のための残留電荷を放電させている。この後、１０秒以内に視野角制御スイッチ２４を再び切換えることにより、通常の表示状態になる。   FIG. 5 shows a discharge state of residual charges before returning from a state in which the viewing angle is controlled to a normal display state in which the viewing angle is not controlled. By temporarily switching the viewing angle control switch 24, the light shielding layer 9 is grounded, and the residual charge for controlling the viewing angle is discharged. Thereafter, by switching the viewing angle control switch 24 again within 10 seconds, a normal display state is obtained.

このように、液晶表示装置１の外部から視野角制御信号が入力されると、遮光層９に電圧が印加されて、遮光層９と画素電極１５および遮光層９と共通電極１４の間に視野角制御の電界が形成される。このとき、遮光層９の体積抵抗率を１０8Ω・ｃｍ以下にすることで、視野角制御に必要な電界を形成するための電圧が遮光層９の全体に加えられる。遮光層９は、顔料分散型樹脂により形成され、樹脂固形分に対するカーボンブラック含有比率を従来よりも大きくすることで体積抵抗率を下げることができる。また、遮光層９として、クロムやモリブデンやアルミ合金などの金属や、顔料分散型樹脂と金属膜の積層構造を用いてもよい。 In this way, when a viewing angle control signal is input from the outside of the liquid crystal display device 1, a voltage is applied to the light shielding layer 9, and the field of view is between the light shielding layer 9 and the pixel electrode 15, and between the light shielding layer 9 and the common electrode 14. An electric field of angular control is formed. At this time, by setting the volume resistivity of the light shielding layer 9 to 10 8 Ω · cm or less, a voltage for forming an electric field necessary for viewing angle control is applied to the entire light shielding layer 9. The light shielding layer 9 is formed of a pigment-dispersed resin, and the volume resistivity can be lowered by increasing the carbon black content ratio relative to the resin solid content as compared with the conventional one. Further, as the light shielding layer 9, a laminated structure of a metal such as chromium, molybdenum, or an aluminum alloy, or a pigment-dispersed resin and a metal film may be used.

また、ドット反転駆動やカラム反転駆動方式を採用してもよい。これにより、共通電極信号と視野角制御信号を直流にして、カラーフィルタ層と平坦化層と上配向膜の体積抵抗率や誘電率の影響をほとんど受けずに、視野角制御の電界を形成することができる。   Further, a dot inversion driving method or a column inversion driving method may be employed. As a result, the common electrode signal and the viewing angle control signal are turned into a direct current, and an electric field for controlling the viewing angle is formed with little influence from the volume resistivity and dielectric constant of the color filter layer, the planarizing layer, and the upper alignment film. be able to.

また、遮光層９の印加電圧を制御することで、コントラスト低下の度合いが調節され、ユーザー好みの視野角制御に設定することができる。   Further, by controlling the voltage applied to the light shielding layer 9, the degree of contrast reduction can be adjusted, and the viewing angle control can be set to the user's preference.

また、液晶表示装置１が、視野角制御された状態で正面視される場合には、視野角制御スイッチ２４に連動して、液晶駆動用信号２２の電圧設定値を変えてもよい。例えば、視野角を制御するときには、液晶駆動用信号２２のガンマ設定値を通常より大きい値に設定して黒側の階調範囲を大きくしてもよい。また、液晶駆動用信号２２の電圧源の昇圧設定値を変更して、液晶表示に係わる電圧を変更してもよい。このように液晶駆動信号の電圧設定値や電圧源の昇圧設定値を変更することにより、視野角が制御された状態で液晶表示装置１を正面視する場合に、コントラストの低下を緩和することができる。   When the liquid crystal display device 1 is viewed from the front with the viewing angle controlled, the voltage setting value of the liquid crystal driving signal 22 may be changed in conjunction with the viewing angle control switch 24. For example, when controlling the viewing angle, the black-side gradation range may be increased by setting the gamma setting value of the liquid crystal driving signal 22 to a value larger than normal. Further, the voltage related to the liquid crystal display may be changed by changing the boost setting value of the voltage source of the liquid crystal driving signal 22. In this way, by changing the voltage setting value of the liquid crystal driving signal and the voltage setting value of the voltage source, when the liquid crystal display device 1 is viewed from the front with the viewing angle controlled, the reduction in contrast can be alleviated. it can.

１ 液晶表示装置
２ 液晶層
３ 液晶分子
４ 上偏光板
５ 下偏光板
６ 透明導電膜
７ 対向基板
８ 基板
９ 遮光層
１０Ｒ、１０Ｇ、１０Ｂ カラーフィルタ
１１ 平坦化層
１２ 上配向膜
１３ 下配向膜
１４ 共通電極
１５ 画素電極
１６ 第１の絶縁層
１７ 信号配線
１８ 第２の絶縁層
１９ 走査配線
２０ アモルファスシリコン層
２１ 薄膜トランジスタ
２２ 液晶駆動用信号
２３ 視野角制御信号
２４ 視野角制御スイッチ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Liquid crystal display device 2 Liquid crystal layer 3 Liquid crystal molecule 4 Upper polarizing plate 5 Lower polarizing plate 6 Transparent conductive film 7 Opposite substrate 8 Substrate 9 Shading layer 10R, 10G, 10B Color filter 11 Flattening layer 12 Upper alignment film 13 Lower alignment film 14 Common electrode 15 Pixel electrode 16 First insulating layer 17 Signal wiring 18 Second insulating layer 19 Scanning wiring 20 Amorphous silicon layer 21 Thin film transistor 22 Signal for driving liquid crystal 23 Viewing angle control signal 24 Viewing angle control switch

Claims (6)

基板と、対向基板と、前記基板と前記対向基板に挟持された液晶層と、前記液晶層を駆動させる駆動手段と、前記基板の上面に形成され、前記駆動手段により液晶駆動用信号が入力されると電圧が印加され前記基板に対してほぼ平行な電界を形成する第一電極と第二電極とを備える液晶表示装置において、
前記対向基板の下面には、体積抵抗率が１０8Ω・ｃｍ以下の遮光層が設けられ、
前記駆動手段により視野角制御信号が入力されると前記遮光層に電圧が印加され、前記遮光層と前記第一電極及び前記第二電極との間に前記基板に対して垂直方向の電界が形成されて視野角が制御され、
前記駆動手段により前記視野角制御信号の入力が停止されると前記遮光層を接地して、視野角制御のための残留電荷を放電させることを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 A substrate, a counter substrate, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the substrate and the counter substrate, a driving unit for driving the liquid crystal layer, and a liquid crystal driving signal are input by the driving unit. Then, in a liquid crystal display device comprising a first electrode and a second electrode that are applied with a voltage and form an electric field substantially parallel to the substrate,
A light-shielding layer having a volume resistivity of 10 8 Ω · cm or less is provided on the lower surface of the counter substrate,
Voltage to the light shielding layer and the viewing angle control signal is input is applied by the driving means, the electric field in the direction perpendicular to the substrate between the first electrode and the second electrode and the light shielding layer is formed is viewing angle is controlled,
When the input of the viewing angle control signal is stopped by the driving unit, the light shielding layer is grounded to discharge residual charges for viewing angle control . 前記視野角制御信号が入力される際に、前記液晶駆動用信号電圧の設定値が変更されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の液晶表示装置。 Wherein when the viewing angle control signal is input, the liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, setting value of the liquid crystal driving signal voltage is characterized in that it is changed. 前記遮光層は顔料分散型樹脂により形成され、カーボンブラックを含むことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の液晶表示装置。   The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding layer is formed of a pigment-dispersed resin and contains carbon black. 前記遮光層が金属膜により形成されることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の液晶表示装置。   The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding layer is formed of a metal film. 前記遮光層が顔料分散型樹脂と金属膜の積層構造により形成されることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の液晶表示装置。   3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding layer is formed by a laminated structure of a pigment dispersion type resin and a metal film. 前記第一電極と前記第二電極との間に形成された絶縁膜を有し、Having an insulating film formed between the first electrode and the second electrode;
前記第一電極と前記第二電極とは、前記絶縁膜を介して絶縁されるとともに、前記基板に対して垂直方向において重なって形成され、The first electrode and the second electrode are insulated via the insulating film, and are formed so as to overlap in the vertical direction with respect to the substrate,
前記遮光層は、前記第一電極及び前記第二電極のいずれか一方と対面して形成されることを特徴とする請求項１から５のいずれか一項に記載の液晶表示装置。6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding layer is formed to face one of the first electrode and the second electrode. 7.
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