JP5485067B2 - Electricity supply and demand adjustment system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a system for adjusting supply and demand of electric power by a distributed power source using a timer type switch.

  In recent years, distributed power sources such as photovoltaic power generation facilities have been linked to the power system, and the number of such distributed power sources has increased. Along with this, during periods of low demand for power, such as Golden Week, it is expected that power generated by distributed power sources will flow excessively into the power system, making it difficult to adjust power supply and demand. .

JP-A-6-141469

  With the increase in distributed power sources, it will be difficult to adjust the supply and demand of electric power. In the future, it will be necessary to implement measures on a large scale, such as installing large-capacity power storage facilities on the power system side. It is done. In that case, since the installation cost of the power storage equipment or the like is high, there is a problem that a large amount of cost is imposed on the operator of the power system.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a switchboard having a timer that is switched on only for a certain period of time between a control circuit and a power distribution line terminal of an electric power company. Electric power is supplied from an inexpensive commercial power source to electrical products and the like, and electric power from solar power generation or wind power generation is not adjusted at a time when power demand is low.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a main object thereof is to perform power supply and demand adjustment by a distributed power source at low cost.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a power supply and demand adjustment system, which is a distributed power source that generates power, a power system that receives power supply from the distributed power source through a power line, and opens or opens the power line. A switchgear for closing the circuit, and a management device linked to the power system and managing a circuit opening time of the power line , wherein the management device includes identification data of the switchgear and demand for power in the power system. Means for storing time data indicating a time when the time becomes less than normal, and transmitting the time data associated with the identification data of the switchgear to the switchgear through the power system and the power line. and means for, the said closing device, means for storing the previous SL time period data, when receiving the timing data from the management device, the stored the time de The data, and means for changing the timing data received, based on said timing data, said the timing to the power line to open, and means for the closing of the power line in addition to the timing, the management A device is characterized in that one or a predetermined number of the switchgears are grouped into one group, and the time data indicating a different time for each group is stored .

The load connected to the power grid consumes the grid power of the substation and the surplus power of the distributed power source.
According to this configuration, when the power consumption due to the load decreases, the switchgear opens the power line, thereby disconnecting the normally connected distributed power source from the power system. According to this, since the power supply by the distributed power source is avoided from being excessively supplied to the power system using the switchgear when the power demand decreases, the power supply and demand can be adjusted at low cost. Can do.
Next, according to this configuration, the management device stores the timing data for each switching device and transmits the timing data for each switching device, while the switching device receives and updates the timing data from the management device. To do. According to this, since the electric power company can collectively manage the timing data for each switching device under its control using the management device, it is possible to adjust the power supply and demand in the entire power system.
And according to this structure, a management apparatus manages so that it may open at different time for every switch apparatus or predetermined number of apparatus groups. According to this, when it is assumed that the power demand is slightly decreased from the normal state, the power for the decrease is stopped by stopping the supply of power from one or a predetermined number of distributed power sources. The power supply / demand balance in the grid can be achieved. In addition, since the time for disconnecting one or a predetermined number of distributed power sources is set separately, the power supplied from each distributed power source can be suppressed evenly, and the price of power sales can be made equal.

  In addition, the problems disclosed by the present application and the solutions thereof will be clarified by the description of the mode for carrying out the invention and the drawings.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the supply-and-demand adjustment of the electric power by a distributed power supply can be performed at low cost.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the electric power supply-and-demand adjustment system 1a which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of the timer-type opening / closing apparatus 5a. It is a figure which shows the structure of the electric power supply-and-demand adjustment system 1b which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of the timer type opening / closing apparatus 5b. It is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of the electric power grid | system management apparatus 7a. It is a figure which shows the structure of the timer setting value data 75A memorize | stored in the memory | storage part 75 of the electric power grid | system management apparatus 7a. It is a figure which shows the structure of the electric power supply-and-demand adjustment system 1c which concerns on other embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the opening / closing apparatus 5c. It is a figure which shows the structure of the signal transmission schedule data 75B memorize | stored in the memory | storage part 75 of the electric power grid | system management apparatus 7b.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The power supply and demand adjustment system according to the embodiment of the present invention has a function of separating a distributed power source from a power system during a period or time period by a timer that can set an arbitrary period or time period (time) in one year. A switchgear having a power supply is installed in an electric circuit that connects a distributed power source to a power system. Then, disconnect the distributed power supply during periods such as Golden Week where power demand is low and the power generated by the distributed power supply is expected to flow excessively into the power system, making it difficult to adjust the power supply and demand. This prevents excessive power from flowing into the power system.

<< First Embodiment >>
<System configuration>
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an electric power supply and demand adjustment system 1a according to the first embodiment. The power supply and demand adjustment system 1 a includes a power system 2, a power line 3, a distribution board 4, a timer type switchgear 5 a and a distributed power source 6. The power system 2 transmits system power received from a substation (not shown), receives power from the distributed power source 6 and supplies power to a connected load (not shown). Distribution line etc. The power line 3 is a service line, an indoor wiring, or the like that sequentially connects the power system 2, distribution board 4, timer type switchgear 5 a, and distributed power source 6.

  The distribution board 4 is a box in which the earth leakage circuit breaker and wiring circuit breaker necessary for the safe use of electric power are combined into one, connected to the electric power system 2 by a lead-in wire, while the load ( (Not shown) or a distributed power source 6. The timer-type opening / closing device 5a is installed between the distribution board 4 and the distributed power source 6, stores opening and closing timings (timing data) between them, and performs an opening or closing operation according to the timing. Do. The distributed power source 6 is connected to the power system 2 via the distribution board 4 and supplies the generated power to the power system 2. Is installed, the power supply is limited according to the timing of opening and closing.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of the timer type opening / closing device 5a. The timer-type opening / closing device 5 a includes an opening / closing unit 51, a timer 52, an input unit 53, a processing unit 54, and a storage unit 55, and each unit is connected so that data can be transmitted / received via a bus 56. The opening / closing part 51 is a part that opens or closes the space between the distribution board 4 and the distributed power source 6 according to an instruction from the processing part 54, and is realized by, for example, a switch. The timer 52 is a part that sets the timing of opening and closing according to an instruction of the processing unit 54 and transmits a signal that triggers the opening and closing according to the timing to the processing unit 54, and is realized by, for example, a clock or an interrupt controller Is done. The input unit 53 is a part where an operator inputs data (for example, a set value of the timer 52) by an operation, and is realized by, for example, an operation button or a touch panel.

  The processing unit 54 transfers data between the respective units via a predetermined memory and controls the entire timer type opening / closing device 5a. A CPU (Central Processing Unit) is stored in the predetermined memory. This is realized by executing the program. In particular, when a timer setting value (opening and closing timing) is acquired from the input unit 53, an instruction to set the timer setting value is issued to the timer 52, and when an opening or closing trigger is received from the timer 52, An instruction for opening or closing is issued to the opening / closing unit 51. The storage unit 55 stores data from the processing unit 54 and reads the stored data, and is realized by a non-volatile storage device such as an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or an SSD (Solid State Drive), for example. The

<System operation>
In the power supply and demand adjustment system 1a, a timer-type switch 5a is installed, and the timer 52 of the timer-type switch 5a is set to open and close timings. According to the timing, the distribution board 4 and the distributed type Operate between power supply 6 and open circuit. If the circuit is opened during this period, the power generated by the distributed power source 6 is cut off and is not supplied to the power system 2. When the circuit is closed during this period, the power generated by the distributed power source 6 is supplied to the power system 2 via the distribution board 4.

  In the timer 52 of the timer type switch 5a, a timer set value is set in advance, assuming a time when the power demand is reduced based on past results. If it is not necessary to change the preset timer setting value, the timer-type switch 5a may not have a setting change function. On the other hand, if it is necessary to change a preset timer setting value, the timer type switch 5a is provided with a manual setting change function (specifically, the input unit 53). For example, the duration of the Colden week changes depending on the year, and the holiday date changes accordingly, so the timer setting value is changed accordingly. In this case, the timer setting value is changed by an operator commissioned by the power company operating the power grid 2 in time for the power supply suspension target, such as the Golden Week period. May be implemented.

<< Second Embodiment >>
<System configuration>
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a power supply and demand adjustment system 1b according to the second embodiment. The power supply and demand adjustment system 1b includes a power system 2, a power line 3, a distribution board 4, a timer type switchgear 5b, a distributed power source 6, and a power system management device 7a. Compared with the configuration of the power supply and demand adjustment system 1a in FIG. 1, the timer type opening / closing device 5a is replaced with 5b, and a power system management device 7a is added. As with the timer type switchgear 5a, the timer type switchgear 5b is installed between the distribution board 4 and the distributed power source 6, and operates to open or close according to the stored timer setting value. Furthermore, it has a PLC (Power Line Communication) communication function, receives a timer set value from the power system management device 7a, and changes the stored timer set value. The power system management device 7a is linked to the power system 2, and can transmit and receive data by the PLC type communication function with the timer type switching device 5b that is also linked to the power system 2, and each subordinate timer type switching device 5b. Send the timer set value to.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a hardware configuration of the timer type opening / closing device 5b. The timer-type opening / closing device 5 b includes an opening / closing unit 51, a timer 52, a communication unit 57, a processing unit 54, and a storage unit 55, and each unit is connected so that data can be transmitted / received via a bus 56. Compared to the configuration of the timer type opening / closing device 5 a of FIG. 2, a communication unit 57 is provided instead of the input unit 53. The communication unit 57 is a part that performs PLC communication with the power system management device 7a, and has a function of receiving a timer setting value from the power system management device 7a and passing it to the processing unit 54. For example, a PLC communication modem Etc. When the processing unit 54 obtains a timer set value (opening and closing timing) from the communication unit 57, the processing unit 54 issues an instruction to set the timer setting value to the timer 52, and receives an opening or closing trigger from the timer 52. Sometimes, an opening or closing instruction is issued to the opening / closing unit 51.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the power system management apparatus 7a. The power system management device 7 a includes a communication unit 71, a display unit 72, an input unit 73, a processing unit 74, and a storage unit 75, and each unit is connected so that data can be transmitted and received via a bus 76. The communication unit 71 is a part that performs PLC communication with the timer-type opening / closing device 5b, and has a function of transmitting a timer set value to the timer-type opening / closing device 5b, and is realized by, for example, a PLC communication modem. The display unit 72 is a part that displays data according to an instruction from the processing unit 74, and is realized by, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD). The input unit 73 is a part where an operator inputs data (for example, a timer set value for each timer-type opening / closing device 5b), and is realized by, for example, a keyboard or a mouse.

  The processing unit 74 transfers data between the units via a predetermined memory and controls the entire power system management device 7a. The CPU executes a program stored in the predetermined memory. It is realized by. The storage unit 75 stores data from the processing unit 74 and reads the stored data, and is realized by, for example, a nonvolatile storage device such as an HDD or an SSD. The power system management device 7a may be a general-purpose PC (Personal Computer) or server, or may be a dedicated device.

<Data structure>
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of timer set value data 75A stored in the storage unit 75 of the power system management device 7a. The timer set value data 75A is data indicating a timer set value for each timer type switchgear 5b, and includes the number of timer type switchgears 5b managed by the power system management device 7a, including the switchgear ID 75A1 and the timer set value 75A2. It consists of records. The switchgear ID 75A1 is an ID (identification data) unique to the timer-type switchgear 5b to which the power system management device 7a transmits a timer set value. For example, the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the switchgear is Is set. The timer set value 75A2 is data indicating a timer set value to be transmitted to the timer type switching device 5b. Specifically, the switch unit 51 (switch) should be opened corresponding to a period when the power demand decreases. The timing and the timing to be closed are set.

  Regarding the setting pattern of the timer set value data 75A, there are a method of setting all the same timer set values for the subordinate timer type switchgear 5b and a method of changing the timer set value for each switchgear. According to this, the electric power flowing into the electric power system 2 from the distributed power source 6 can be adjusted. For example, when the power to the power system 2 is largely suppressed during a period when the power demand is expected to greatly decrease, the timer setting values for many switchgears are set to be the same, and a large amount of dispersion is applied during the corresponding period. The mold power source 6 is disconnected from the power system 2. On the other hand, when the power to the power system 2 is slightly suppressed during a period in which the power demand is expected to decrease slightly, in order to disconnect some of the distributed power sources 6 during a predetermined period or time zone, 1 Alternatively, a predetermined number of switchgears are grouped into one group, and the timer setting values for each group are set to be different from each other.

<System operation>
In the power supply and demand adjustment system 1b, the power system management device 7a reads the timer setting value data 75A from the storage unit 75, and transmits the timer setting value 75A2 to the timer type switching device 5b corresponding to each switching device ID 75A1. At this time, since the timer-type opening / closing device 5b normally closes the opening / closing part 51, it is assumed that the timer set value is transmitted so as not to be late for the opening timing. The timer type switching device 5b receives the timer set value from the power system management device 7a, sets the timer set value in the timer 52, and sets the timer 52 as a result (the timer value actually set in the timer 52). ) To the power system management device 7a. The power system management device 7a receives the timer setting result from each timer-type opening / closing device 5b.

  According to this, the electric power company that operates the electric power system 2 can confirm whether or not the timer set value is correctly set in the timer type switching device 5b installed in front of the customer's distributed power source 6, If the correct timer value is not set, the timer set value can be retransmitted. The timer setting value is changed by the electric power company in time for the power supply suspension target time such as the Golden Week period.

  And according to the timer set value set to the timer 52 of the timer type switching device 5b, the space between the distribution board 4 and the distributed power source 6 is opened or closed.

  In the above-described embodiment, the processing is executed by the processing unit (CPU) in order to cause the respective units in the timer-type opening / closing device 5a shown in FIG. 1, the timer-type opening / closing device 5b shown in FIG. 3, and the power system management device 7a to function. The power supply and demand adjustment systems 1a and 1b according to the embodiment of the present invention are realized by recording a program on a computer-readable recording medium, causing the computer to read and execute the recorded program. To do. In this case, the program may be provided to the computer via a network such as the Internet, or a semiconductor chip or the like in which the program is written may be incorporated in the computer.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention described above, by installing the timer type switchgear 5a and 5b (switchgear) in a house (tens of thousands or more) provided with the distributed power source 6, It can be avoided that tens of thousands of kW or more of power flows into the power system 2. According to this, as compared with the case where no switchgear is installed (for example, when a storage battery is installed instead of the switchgear), it is possible to ensure the supply and demand balance of power in the power system 6 with inexpensive adjustment equipment. And in the electric power company which operates the electric power grid | system 6, it becomes possible to reduce the installation capacity of the electrical storage equipment etc. which should be ensured for supply and demand adjustment of electric power, and to reduce a required countermeasure cost.

  Specifically, the cost of taking measures by installing a switchgear is set at 100,000 yen for one switchgear and the cost for installing one switchgear is 1 billion yen. The adjustable power in this case is assumed to be about 30,000 kW with 10,000 distributed power sources having a power capacity of 3 kW. On the other hand, the cost of the storage battery required to adjust the power of 30,000 kW is 3 billion yen when the installation cost of the storage battery is 100,000 yen / kW. Comparing 1 billion yen for the switchgear with 3 billion yen for the storage battery, the switchgear is advantageous because it is less expensive.

  In the case of installing a switchgear, there is a disadvantage that the generated power cannot be sold to the operator of the distributed power source 6, so contractual compensation etc. is also assumed, but the compensation Considering the amount of money, etc., it is considered that there is a cost effect.

<< Other embodiments >>
As mentioned above, although the form for implementing this invention was demonstrated, the said embodiment is for making an understanding of this invention easy, and is not for limiting and interpreting this invention. The present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and equivalents thereof are also included in the present invention. For example, in the power supply and demand adjustment system 1b shown in FIG. 3, the timer type opening / closing device 5b is used, but an opening / closing device having no timer function may be used.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of an electric power supply and demand adjustment system 1c according to another embodiment. The power supply and demand adjustment system 1c includes a power system 2, a power line 3, a distribution board 4, a switching device 5c, a distributed power source 6, and a power system management device 7b. Compared with the configuration of the power supply and demand adjustment system 1b of FIG. 3, the timer type switching device 5b is replaced with the switching device 5c, and the power system management device 7a is replaced with 7b. The switchgear 5c is installed between the distribution board 4 and the distributed power source 6 and has a PLC communication function, similar to the timer-type switchgear 5b. Depending on the signal, the power line 3 connecting the distribution board 4 and the distributed power supply 6 is closed or opened. The power system management device 7b is connected to the power system 2, and can transmit and receive data by the PLC communication function with the switchgear 5c that is also linked to the power system 2, and transmits an on / off signal to each switchgear 5c. To do.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the opening / closing device 5c. The opening / closing device 5 c includes an opening / closing unit 51, a communication unit 57, a processing unit 54, and a storage unit 55, and each unit is connected so that data can be transmitted / received via the bus 56. Compared to the configuration of the timer type opening and closing device 5b of FIG. 4, the timer 52 is eliminated. The communication unit 57 is a part that performs PLC communication with the power system management device 7b. The communication unit 57 has a function of receiving an on / off signal from the power system management device 7b and passing it to the processing unit 54. For example, a PLC communication modem Etc. When the processing unit 54 obtains an on / off signal (timing of closing and opening) from the communication unit 57, the processing unit 54 issues an instruction to close or open the opening / closing unit 51 according to the on / off signal.

  The power system management device 7b has the same hardware configuration as that of the power system management device 7a shown in FIG. 5, but the data in the storage unit 75 and the processing content of the processing unit 74 are different.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of signal transmission schedule data 75B stored in the storage unit 75 of the power system management apparatus 7b. The signal transmission schedule data 75B is data indicating an on / off signal transmission schedule for each switching device 5c, and includes records for the number of switching devices 5c managed by the power system management device 7b, including the switching device ID 75B1 and the schedule 75B2. Become. The switchgear ID 75B1 is an ID unique to the switchgear 5c to which the power system management device 7b transmits an on / off signal. For example, the MAC address of the switchgear is set. The schedule 75B2 is data indicating the timing at which an on / off signal should be transmitted to the switchgear 5c. Specifically, the schedule 75B2 is a timing at which the switchgear 51 should be opened corresponding to a period when the power demand in the power system 2 is reduced ( (Sending signal transmission timing) and closing timing (input signal transmission timing) are set.

  In the power supply and demand adjustment system 1c, the power system management device 7b reads the signal transmission schedule data 75B from the storage unit 75, and transmits an on / off signal to the switching device 5b corresponding to each switching device ID 75B1 according to the schedule 75B2. At this time, since the timer-type opening / closing device 5b normally closes the opening / closing part 51, it is assumed that a disconnection signal is transmitted so as not to be delayed from the opening timing. The switchgear 5c receives an on / off signal from the power system management device 7b, and closes or opens the switchgear 51 in accordance with the on / off signal. When the power system management device 7b determines that the power demand is decreasing due to the power transmission state of the power system 2, the power system management device 7b may change the schedule 75B2 in real time or open and close the cut signal regardless of the schedule 75B2. You may transmit to the apparatus 5c.

  According to this, the opening / closing timing of the opening / closing device 5c is collectively managed by the power system management device 7b, and it is possible to unify the schedule data without being transferred to the opening / closing device 5c or the like. Moreover, since it is not necessary to add the function of the timer 52 to the opening / closing device 5c, it is possible to adjust the supply and demand of electric power at a lower cost.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a, 1b Electric power supply-and-demand adjustment system 2 Electric power system 3 Electric power line 5a, 5b Timer type switchgear (switching device)
51 Opening / closing unit 52 Timer 53 Input unit 54 Processing unit 57 Communication unit 6 Distributed power supply 7a, 7b Power system management device (management device)

Claims (1)

A distributed power source that generates power,
A power system that receives power supply from the distributed power source through a power line;
An opening and closing device for opening or closing the power line;
A management device that is linked to the power system and manages the opening time of the power line;
With
The management device
Means for associating and storing identification data of the switchgear and time data indicating a time when power demand in the power system is less than normal;
Means for transmitting the time data associated with the identification data of the switchgear to the switchgear through the power system and the power line;
With
The switchgear is
And means for storing the previous Symbol time period data,
Means for changing the stored time data to the received time data when the time data is received from the management device;
Based on the time data, means for opening the power line at the time and closing the power line at other times;
Equipped with a,
The management device
An electric power supply and demand adjustment system , wherein one or a predetermined number of the switchgears are grouped into one group, and the time data indicating a different time for each group is stored .

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