JP5472823B2 - Drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a drying apparatus for drying a wet material to be dried such as sludge, and more particularly to a structure for adjusting the distribution of dried material to a branching path of a pair of airflow conveying paths.

  In a drying apparatus for drying a wet material to be dried such as sludge, a supply device for supplying the material to be dried, a dryer for drying the supplied material to be dried, and air-conveying the dry material obtained by drying. An airflow conveyance path and a solid-gas separation device composed of a cyclone that separates the dry matter conveyed by the airflow conveyance path from the airflow, and discharging a part of the dry matter separated by the solid-gas separation device as a product, There is one in which the remainder is re-supplied to a feeder and mixed with the object to be dried to adjust the moisture of the object to be dried (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  This drying apparatus has a problem that the height of the entire apparatus is increased because it is necessary to provide a branching means for branching the dried product to be separated below the solid-gas separation apparatus and to dispose a feeder under the branching means. . In addition, in order to branch the dried product after being separated from the air current, a large-scale mechanical facility such as a screw feeder is required as a branching means in order to appropriately distribute the discharged material and the re-supplied material. (See Patent Document 1).

  For this reason, the air flow conveyance path is branched into two branch paths, one branch path is connected to a solid-gas separation device, and the dried material conveyed by the air flow is separated from the air flow and discharged as a product to the other branch path. By connecting the product discharge means consisting of a cyclone, a drying device that makes it possible to design the overall height of the device in a compact manner, eliminating the need for branching means for branching the dried material separated below the solid-gas separator. Has been proposed (see Patent Document 2, FIGS. 1 and 2 of the present application).

JP 2008-151430 A JP 2010-210162 A

This circulation type drying device needs to control the amount of the dried product for moisture adjustment to be circulated, and in the technique described in Patent Document 2, since the dried product for moisture adjustment is air-flowed, it is provided downstream of the branch portion. The control is performed by a damper (see Patent Document 2, paragraph 0023, FIG. 1, FIG. 2, reference numeral 11).
However, this damper is on the downstream side of the bifurcation part and is controlled by making the rotation axis orthogonal to the flow axis of the airflow conveyance path and blocking the flow cross section to the required size by the rotation angle of the rotation axis (the opening degree of the damper). Adjust and control). For this reason, the amount of dry matter is controlled, and at the same time, the air volume of the air flow for conveyance is greatly affected.

  Here, the solid-gas separation device composed of a cyclone on the downstream side (refer to Patent Document 2 FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, reference numeral 6) designs the size and capacity according to the air volume. If the air volume is significantly changed by adjusting the pressure, the cyclone separation efficiency may decrease. That is, there is a possibility that solid-gas separation as designed cannot be performed.

  This invention makes it a subject to make it a branched structure with little influence on an air volume in the said circulation type drying apparatus in view of said situation.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, for example, the present invention is based on the fact that the dried product conveyed by airflow in this circulation type drying apparatus is powder and has a strong inertial force (straightness). It depends on the ratio of the projected area of each path (cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis of the upper channel of the opening of each path of the branching portion). On the other hand, the inertial force of the airflow is small, and if the airflow passage is secured, the airflow is distributed at a substantially constant rate.
That is, as shown in FIG. 3 c, when the adjustment plate 11 is provided on the upstream side of the branch portion Q of the airflow conveyance path 5 away from the opening surface 5 b ′ of the branch pipe 5 b (gap t), the dried product B <b> 1 becomes the adjustment plate. 11, the movement to the branch pipe 5 b is blocked and moved while being dragged by the other dry matter B or air flow C that goes straight, but due to its straightness, entering the branch pipe 5 b from the gap t Few. On the other hand, the airflow C has a small straightness, and when it hits the adjustment plate 11, there is a gap t between the adjustment plate 11 and the branch pipe opening surface 5 b ′, so that the adjustment plate 11 is bypassed through the gap t. Since it flows through the branch pipe 5b, the flow path of the airflow C is secured and distributed at a substantially constant rate.

  Focusing on this point, the present invention is directed to a feeder for supplying an object to be dried, a dryer for drying the object to be dried supplied from the feeder, and an air current conveyance for air conveying the dried object dried by the dryer. And a solid-gas separation device that separates the dried material conveyed by the airflow conveyance path from the airflow and re-feeds it to the feeder. The airflow conveyance path is branched into two branch paths, and one of the branch paths is fixed. In the drying device connected to the air separation device and connected to the other branch path to the product branching means for separating the dried material transported from the air stream from the air stream and discharging it as a product, upstream of the branch portions of both branch paths of the air flow transport path In addition, an adjustment plate facing one of the branch path openings of the branch paths is provided with a gap between the facing branch opening surface and a gap, and the dried product conveyed by the adjustment plate to the solid-gas separation device and product discharge means Because we adopted a configuration that adjusts the distribution That.

In this configuration, the adjustment of the amount of dry matter distributed by the adjustment plate is performed according to the area facing the branch opening surface of the adjustment plate, and at that time, the adjustment plate is moved in a direction to increase or decrease the area. After adjusting and moving the adjustment plate, it can be moved even if it is fixed at the design position of the drying device, and the branching ratio of the dried product is adjusted appropriately according to the properties of the dried product. It can be done. The adjustment plate can be increased or decreased by moving the adjustment plate in parallel with the branch opening surface, for example, by the following insertion / removal mode.
In addition to the increase / decrease in the area facing the branch opening surface, the direction in which the gap is narrowed can be selected as appropriate. The adjustment plate may be a net-like porous plate as long as the adjustment operation is not hindered.

  In addition, various shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, a quadrangle, and the like are conceivable as the shape of the opening surface of the branching portion. If it is possible to move (in parallel), there is an advantage that the change in the cut-off area (projection area change) of the branch opening surface by the adjusting plate is proportional, and the change in the distribution of the dry matter is stabilized. The shape and size of the adjusting plate are arbitrary as long as the dry matter distribution amount can be adjusted, and may be the same as the opening surface, or may be a square or the like if different. At this time, since it is only necessary to adjust the flow rate of the dried material to the opening surface, the adjustment plate may not have a size covering the entire opening surface.

  Furthermore, if the gap t is too small, the air flow is difficult to be distributed to the branch flow path, and the air volume to the branch path facing the adjustment plate is not sufficient. However, if the area covered by the opening surface of the branch path by the adjusting plate is small, the sufficient air volume can be ensured. Therefore, the gap is appropriately set according to the air volume to the branch path. On the other hand, if the gap is too large, the dried product easily goes around from the gap and is transported to the branch path, so that the effect of distributing the dried product by the adjusting plate is reduced.

For this reason, even when the adjustment plate 11 covers (blocks) the entire surface of the branch path opening surface 5b ′, it is preferable to ensure the flow area between the branch path opening surface and the adjustment plate equal to that of the branch path. For example, when the branch path is a cylindrical tube, the gap t between the opening surface 5b ′ of the branch tube 5b and the adjustment plate 11 is d / 4 = t when the diameter of the opening surface 5b ′ of the branch tube 5b is d. When, "cross-sectional area of the branch pipe 5b": [pi] d ^2/4 = "'flow area between the adjustment plate 11:" branch pipe opening surface 5b branch pipe opening surface 5b''peripheral length [pi] d × gap t' Preferably, when the branch pipe 5b is connected obliquely, the opening surface 5b ′ becomes elliptical and wide, so that the gap t: d / in accordance with the peripheral length of the elliptical opening surface 5b ′. It may be about 4 to d / 16 mm.

  Further, if the adjustment plate can be moved in the axial direction of the airflow conveyance path (main path) before branching, and the gap can be adjusted, the wind speed (flow velocity) changes, for example, the gap becomes larger. Therefore, if the air volume changes for some reason, the gap can be adjusted to distribute the required dry matter.

As a specific configuration of the adjusting means for the branching ratio of the dried material by the adjusting plate, for example, a branch pipe is inserted into the airflow conveying path in an airtight manner so that the opening surface thereof is orthogonal to the flow path axis of the airflow conveying path. The both branch paths may be configured by the branch pipe and the downstream side of the airflow conveyance path of the branch portion.
Although the adjusting plate can be inserted in any direction, it is preferably inserted from the side wall of the airflow conveyance path, and more preferably from above. At that time, it is preferable to make it slidable and fix it by bolting and welding after adjustment.

The gap between the adjustment plate and the opening surface of the branch pipe need not be separated from the entire opening (see FIG. 3b). For example, the adjustment plate can be swung at the opening edge of the branch pipe. It is also possible to provide the gap and adjust the gap according to the swinging amount of the adjusting plate.
The rocking angle can be adjusted and fixed with a screw jack or a cylinder.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to adjust the distribution of the dry matter while keeping the distribution of the air volume substantially constant.

Schematic which shows one Embodiment of the drying apparatus which concerns on this invention The perspective view which shows the conveyance path | route of the dried material of the embodiment Main part perspective view of the same embodiment It is an effect | action figure of the embodiment, (a) is a schematic front view, (b) is the schematic side view It is the same action figure, (a) is a schematic front view, (b) is the schematic side view It is the same operation figure, (a) is a schematic plan view, (b) is a schematic side view of (a). The principal part perspective view of other embodiment It is an operation view of the embodiment, (a) is a schematic cut front view, (b) is a schematic side view. It is the same action figure, (a) is a schematic front view, (b) is the schematic side view Schematic front view of another embodiment

  As shown in FIG. 1, the drying apparatus according to this embodiment includes a feeder 1 that supplies wet sludge as an object to be dried A, and an object to be dried that is disposed below the feeder 1 and is fed into the inlet 2a. While stirring A with the upper and lower stirring blades 2b and 2c, a mechanical stirring dryer 2 that is heated and dried by a high-temperature airflow C that is circulated and supplied later, and a dried product B1 that is dried by the mechanical stirring dryer 2, A blower 3 sucked together with the high-temperature airflow C, an air-flow dryer 4 that heats and drys the dried product B1 sucked by the blower 3 by the heat exchanger 4a while being conveyed by the high-temperature airflow C, and an airflow-type An air current conveying path (air current conveying pipe) 5 for conveying the dried material B1 sent out from the dryer 4 by a high temperature air current C is provided.

  The airflow conveyance in the airflow conveyance path 5 uses the airflow conveyance by the blower 3 in the immediately preceding airflow dryer 4 as it is. Further, since the airflow dryer 4 includes a heat exchanger 4a that indirectly heats and can reduce the air volume of the high-temperature airflow C that is conveyed by airflow, a cyclone 6 as a solid-gas separation device, which will be described later, and product discharge means The cyclone 7 can be reduced in size.

  The airflow conveyance path 5 is branched into two branch paths (branch pipes) 5a and 5b, and one branch path 5a is connected to a cyclone 6 that separates the air-carrying dry matter B1 from the high-temperature airflow C, and the other branch The path 5b is connected to a cyclone 7 that separates the dried product B1 conveyed by airflow from the high-temperature airflow C and discharges it as a product B2. Below the cyclones 6 and 7, rotary valves 8 for restricting the passage of airflow are provided. The ratio of the sizes of the cyclones 6 and 7 is appropriately determined according to the type and moisture of the dry matter B1 to be processed. In addition, the magnitude | size (processing capability) of the cyclones 6 and 7 is determined by the quantity of the dried material B1 processed.

  The dried product B1 separated downward by the cyclone 6 is re-supplied to the lower supply unit 1 so as to adjust the moisture of the material A to be dried. A storage tank 9 for storing the product B2 discharged from the discharge port is provided below the cyclone 7 as the product discharge means. A weighing scale 10 is attached to the storage tank 9, and the amount of the product B2 discharged to the storage tank 9 per unit time is detected. The high-temperature airflow C separated from the dried product B1 by the cyclones 6 and 7 is circulated and supplied to the mechanically stirred dryer 2 through the feeder 1.

The above configuration is the same as that of the drying apparatus of Patent Document 2, and the present invention is characterized by the structure of the branching portion Q to both cyclones 6 and 7.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 3 a to 3 c, the branch portion Q of this embodiment is different from the branch pipe that forms the other branch path 5 b on the upstream side of the branch section Q in the airflow conveyance path 5. The opening surface 5b 'of the branch pipe 5b is orthogonal to the axis c of the airflow conveyance path 5 (see FIG. 3a (a)).
A rectangular adjustment plate 11 facing the opening surface 5b ′ with a gap t is provided on the upstream side of the opening surface 5b ′ of the branch pipe 5b (see FIG. 3c (a)). The adjustment plate 11 is inserted so as to be able to advance and retract perpendicularly from the side wall of the pipe forming the airflow conveyance path 5, and can be moved (advanced and retracted) along the opening surface 5b 'in parallel with the opening surface 5b'. it is, by forward and backward (out) the adjustment plate 11 'with obtaining cover the entire surface of the opening surface 5b' open surface 5b of the branch pipe 5b facing the distribution face of the pneumatic conveying path 5 is the projected area of the Adjusted.

In the adjustment of the area of the adjusting plate 11 facing the opening surface 5b ′, as shown in FIG. 3C, when the dried material B1 reaching the branching portion Q of the airflow conveyance path 5 hits the adjusting plate 11, it moves to the branch pipe 5b. Is prevented from entering the branch pipe 5b through the gap t because of the straightness. On the other hand, the airflow C has a small straightness, and when it hits the adjustment plate 11, there is a gap t between the adjustment plate 11 and the branch pipe opening surface 5 b ′, so that the adjustment plate 11 is bypassed through the gap t. Since it flows in the branch pipe 5b, the flow path of the airflow C is secured and distributed at a substantially constant rate.
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, by adjusting the insertion degree of the adjusting plate 11, the airflow of the airflow C to the cyclones 6 and 7 is not greatly changed, and the drying to the cyclones 6 and 7 is performed. The distribution adjustment of the object B1 can be performed.

  When the property of the dried product B1 is constant and it is preferable to fix the insertion degree, the adjusting plate 11 is made immovable by bolting or welding. When the adjustment plate 11 is not fixed, the adjustment plate 11 is not an insertion mode, but is provided with an arm protruding from the opening 5b ′ of the branch pipe 5b in the direction of the axis c, and the adjustment plate 11 is fixed to the arm. Can do.

4, 4 a, and 4 b show another embodiment. Similarly, this embodiment is arranged on the upstream side of the branch portion Q in the airflow conveyance path 5 and from the lower side wall to the branch pipe of the other branch path 5 b. Is inserted in an airtight manner, and the inserted branch pipe 5b bends perpendicularly to the direction of the axis c of the airflow conveyance path 5 and expands into a rectangular cross section, and its opening surface 5b ′ has its axis c. (See FIG. 4a (a)).
A rectangular adjustment plate 11 that can cover the entire surface of the opening surface 5b 'is swingably provided at the opening edge of the rectangular branch pipe. The area (projected area) of the opening surface 5b ′ of the branch pipe 5b facing the flow surface is adjusted with a gap t.

Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b, by adjusting the swinging degree of the adjusting plate 11, the airflow of the airflow C to each cyclone 6 and 7 is not greatly changed, so that Distribution adjustment of the dry matter B1 can be performed.
At this time, since the opening surface 5b ′ is larger than the longitudinal section (flow area) of the branch pipe 5b, even if the branch pipe 5b is bent in the direction of the axis c in the airflow conveyance path 5, it is distributed to the branch pipe 5b. The dried product B1 is sufficient. As described above, including the embodiment of FIG. 3, by appropriately setting the size of the opening surface 5 b ′ of the branch pipe 5 b in the airflow conveyance path 5, the adjustment plate 11 is fully released (FIG. 3 a, The distribution ratio of the dry matter B1 to both branch pipes 5a and 5b in FIG. 4a) can be adjusted.

After adjusting the swinging degree of the adjusting plate 11, the swinging position is fixed by a stopper such as inserting a pin from the side wall of the branch pipe 5b (or from the side wall of the pipe 5). Further, an air or hydraulic cylinder, a screw jack, or the like is provided between the adjustment plate 11 and the peripheral wall of the airflow conveyance path 5, and the swing amount can be adjusted by moving the cylinder or the screw jack back and forth. Can do. When the property of the dried product B1 is constant and it is preferable to fix the insertion degree, the dry matter B1 is fixed by the locking action, or cannot be moved by bolting or welding.
Note that the rectangular opening surface 5b ′ has an advantage that the cut-off area change (projection area change) by the rectangular adjustment plate 11 is proportional and the distribution amount change of the dry matter B1 is stabilized. Also in the embodiment of 3c, the branch pipe 5b inserted can be bent perpendicularly to the direction of the axis c of the air flow path 5 and expanded to form a square opening 5b ′.

In the above embodiment, the inflow of the dry matter B1 to the branch path (branch pipe) 5b connected to the cyclone 7 as the product discharge means is adjusted, but the branch to the cyclone 6 as the solid-gas separator is performed. you may be adjusted to inflow of dry matter B1 to route as a matter of course. At this time, the branch pipe 5a is connected to the cyclone 7 and the branch pipe 5b is connected to the cyclone 6, respectively.
Further, the branch direction of the pipe (branch pipe) 5b branched from the airflow conveyance path (main path) 5 is arbitrary upward, downward, sideward, etc. with respect to the airflow conveyance path (main path) 5, but the lower side In the branch pipe 5b, it is advantageous in that the straightness of the dry matter B1 is increased by gravity, the distribution adjustment can be made accurate, and conveyance energy can be reduced and stagnation of the dry matter B1 in the flow path can be prevented. It is.

  Further, the size of the adjustment plate 11 does not have to be a size that covers the entire opening surface 5b ′ in a closed state (a state along the opening surface 5b ′), and before the adjustment plate 11 is branched. It is also possible to adjust the gap t so as to be movable in the axial direction c of the airflow conveyance path (main path) 5. For example, in FIG. 3b, as shown in FIG. 5, the insertion auxiliary plate 11a is formed so that the opening 11c is formed large in the conduit 5, and the opening 11c is airtightly closed and movable in the tube axis direction (axis c direction). As an arrangement in which the adjusting plate 11 is inserted into the auxiliary plate 11a, the auxiliary plate 11a is moved along with the adjusting plate 11 in the opening 11c as shown by an arrow, or at an appropriate position in the tube axis direction of the opening 11c. After the adjustment plate 11 is disposed, a configuration in which the adjustment plate 11 is fixed with a spacer interposed between the adjustment plate 11 and the edge of the opening 11c can be employed. In these, the adjustment plate 11 can be inserted into and removed from the auxiliary plate 11a and the like.

A To-be-dried product B1 Dried product B2 Product C High-temperature airflow 1 Feeder 2 Mechanical stirring dryer 2a Input port 2b, 2c Stirring blade 3 Blower 4 Airflow dryer 4a Heat exchanger 5 Airflow conveyance route 5a, 5b Branching route ( Branch pipe)
5b 'Branch pipe opening surface 6 Cyclone 7 as solid-gas separation device Cyclone 8 as product discharge means Rotary valve 9 Reservoir 10 Weigh scale 11 Adjusting plate Q Branching portion t Gap between branch tube opening surface and adjusting plate

Claims (5)

A feeder (1) for supplying the material (A) to be dried, a dryer (2, 4) for drying the material (A) supplied from the feeder (1), and a dryer (2, 4) The air-carrying path (5) for air-carrying the dried product (B1) dried in step 1 and the dried material (B1) conveyed in the air-carrying path (5) are separated from the air-flow (C) to supply the feeder (1 A solid-gas separation device (6) that is re-supplied to the solid-gas separation device, and the air-flow conveying path (5) is branched into two branch paths, one branch path is connected to the solid-gas separation device (6), and the other In the drying apparatus in which the product (7) that is separated from the air current and discharged as a product (B2) is connected to the branch path of the product (B1).
Is perpendicular to the pneumatic conveying path (5) to the two distribution channels shaft of one of the crowded difference airtightly the opening face the pneumatic conveying path branched path (5) (c), a branch pipe forme said difference Both the branch paths are formed on the downstream side of the air flow conveying path (5) of the branch part (Q), and the rectangular plate facing the opening surface of the inserted branch pipe is located upstream of the branch part (Q). shape adjustment plate (11) with between gap (t) and provided in parallel, the adjustment plate (11) is movable along the opening surface crowded difference from the sidewall of the pneumatic conveying path (5), the adjustment plate The drying apparatus characterized by adjusting the distribution of the dry matter (B1) conveyed by the air flow to the solid-gas separation device (6) and the product discharge means (7) by the movement of (11).   2. The drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the opening surface on which the adjustment plate (11) faces is rectangular.   The drying apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an area of the opening surface of the branch pipe inserted is equal to a flow area between the opening surface and the adjusting plate (11).   The said branched pipe was inserted from the downward side of the said airflow conveyance path | route (5), and was connected to the said solid-gas separation apparatus (6), The said any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Drying equipment.   The adjustment plate (11) can be moved in the axial direction (c) of the air flow conveyance path (5) so that the gap (t) can be adjusted. The drying apparatus according to one.

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