JP5466193B2 - 改良された空気流量平坦化検出機能を有する呼吸装置 - Google Patents
改良された空気流量平坦化検出機能を有する呼吸装置 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
- A61B5/7278—Artificial waveform generation or derivation, e.g. synthesising signals from measured signals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/085—Measuring impedance of respiratory organs or lung elasticity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/087—Measuring breath flow
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4806—Sleep evaluation
- A61B5/4818—Sleep apnoea
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/72—Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/7271—Specific aspects of physiological measurement analysis
- A61B5/7282—Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
- A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
- A61M16/0069—Blowers or centrifugal pumps the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
- A61M16/022—Control means therefor
- A61M16/024—Control means therefor including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
- A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/06—Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
- A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
- A61M2016/0039—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical in the inspiratory circuit
Description
図3は、健康な人と、気道に部分閉塞を有する人の典型的な呼吸サイクルの吸気部分に関する空気流量信号を示すグラフである。図にみられるように、健康(正常)な人の呼吸サイクルでは、その吸気部分中、空気流量は、吸気とともに滑らかに上昇し、ピークに達し、滑らかにゼロにまで下降する。これに対して、気道に部分閉塞をもつ患者は、吸気期間中に有意の平坦帯域を有することを特徴とする呼吸パターンを示す。理論的には、閉塞空気流(閉塞によって阻害されている空気流)の場合、部分閉塞の度合が高くなるほど(完全閉塞に近づくほど)、吸気期間の空気流量信号は、方形波に近くなる。
A1.fi>M ならば、Wi=1
A2.fi<M ならば、Wi=0.5
B1.fiが吸気中心時点より前に採取されたものである場合は、Vi=0.75
B2.fiが吸気中心時点より後に採取されたものである場合は、Vi=1.25
ここで、jは、吸気流量曲線Fの中間部分又は中間半分において最初のサンプルであり、kは最後のサンプルである。dは、図3〜6に示されるような吸気期間の中間部分又は中間半分のサンプルの数であり、Mは、吸気流量曲線Fの平均値である。
・流量サンプルを、それらが許容しうる上下限内の形状を有する有効な吸気サイクルを表すものであることを確認するためにチェックする。
・サンプルをトリミングして吸気期間前のサンプルを排除する。
・吸気流量サンプルの平均値を求める。
・吸気期間の中間部分又は中間半分のサンプルについて、各流量サンプルの、平均値からの重みつき絶対差を合計する。
流量サンプル>平均値ならば、そのサンプルの平均値との差をそのまま合算 する。
流量サンプル<平均値ならば、そのサンプルの平均値との差の2分の1を合 算する。
流量サンプルが吸気中心時点より前に採取されたものである場合は、そのサ ンプルの平均値との差の75%を用いる。
流量サンプルが吸気中心時点より後に採取されたものである場合は、そのサ ンプルの平均値との差の125%を用いる。
・上記の和を下記のように吸気流量の平均値と吸気時間によって変倍(倍率変 更)して平坦化指数を算出する:
FFI=重みつき絶対和/(吸気中間半分の時間×吸気流量の平均値)
(1)流量がピーク吸気流量の75%に達した点を確定する工程と、
(2)流量がピーク吸気流量の25%に達した点を確定する工程と、
(3)吸気の開始点を確認するために上記2つの点を通りゼロ流量の線に至る線を外挿する工程から成る方法である。ただし、この工程(3)において開始点が最初のサンプルの左側に存在する場合は、最初のサンプルを採用する。
12 マスク
14 ブロア
16 チューブ、可撓チューブ
18 モータ
20 サーボ、サーボ制御器
22 空気吐出口
24 制御回路
26 排気ポート
28 流れ制限部材
30,31 チューブ
32 マスク圧トランスジューサ
33 チューブ
34 差圧トランスジューサ
36 増幅器
38 増幅器
40 フィルタ
42 ADC変換器
44 マイクロプロセッサ
46 DAC変換器
A ローブ
B ローブ
C 平坦な帯域
D ローブ
E 平坦部分
F 吸気流量曲線、呼吸曲線
fi 吸気流量サンプル、信号
L 近似線
LL 下限曲線
M 吸気流量平均値、平均値
UL 上限曲線
Vi 時間依存係数
Wi 値依存係数
Claims (7)
- 患者の睡眠時無呼吸症を治療する装置であって、
患者に圧力下で呼吸用ガスを選択的に供給するブロア、
患者の呼吸空気流量を感知するとともに、該ガスの流量を示す流量信号を発生する流量センサー、
前記流量センサーに結合され、前記流量信号が、呼吸サイクルの吸気時に、2つの高い凸ローブおよびこれらローブ間に比較的平坦な帯域を示したときに閉塞信号を発生する閉塞検出器、および
前記ブロアの操作を制御し、かつ前記閉塞検出器に結合された制御器であって、前記閉塞信号を受信し、該閉塞信号に応答して該ブロア操作を変更する制御器からなる装置。
- 睡眠障害患者をモニターまたは治療する装置であって、
患者の呼吸作用を示す流量信号を発生する流量センサー、および
前記流量信号が、呼吸サイクルの吸気時に、2つの高い凸ローブおよびこれらローブ間に比較的平坦な帯域を示したときに閉塞信号を発生するように前記流量センサーに結合された閉塞検出器からなる装置。
- 睡眠障害患者の治療装置であって、
マスク、
前記マスクを通して圧力下で患者に呼吸用空気を選択的に供給するブロア、
患者の呼吸作用を示す流量信号を発生する流量センサー、
前記流量センサーに結合され、前記流量信号が、呼吸サイクルの吸気時に、2つの高い凸ローブおよびこれらローブ間に比較的平坦な帯域を示したときに閉塞信号を発生する閉塞検出器、および
前記閉塞信号を受信し、これに応答して前記ブロアの操作を付勢あるいは変更する指令を発生する制御器からなる装置。
- 患者の睡眠時無呼吸症を治療する装置であって、
患者に圧力下で呼吸用ガスを選択的に供給するブロア、
患者の呼吸空気量を感知するとともに、前記ガスの流量を示す流量信号を発生する流量センサー、
前記流量センサーに結合され、前記流量信号が呼吸サイクルの吸気時に、比較的平坦な部分に先行して異常な程広い初期凸ローブを示したときに閉塞信号を発生する閉塞検出器、
および
前記ブロアの操作を制御し、かつ前記流量センサーに結合された制御器であって、前記閉塞信号を受信し、該閉塞信号に応答して該ブロア操作を開始または変更する制御器からなる装置。
- 睡眠障害患者をモニターまたは治療する装置であって、
患者の呼吸作用を示す流量信号を発生する流量センサー、および
前記流量信号が、呼吸サイクルの吸気時に、比較的平坦な部分に先行して異常な程広い初期凸ローブを示したときに、閉塞信号を発生するように前記流量センサーに結合された閉塞検出器からなる装置。
- 睡眠障害患者の治療装置であって、
マスク、
前記マスクを通して圧力下で患者に呼吸用空気を選択的に供給するブロア、
患者の呼吸作用を示す流量信号を発生する流量センサー、
前記流量センサーに結合され、前記流量信号が、呼吸サイクルの吸気時に、比較的平坦な部分に先行して異常な程広い初期凸ローブを示したときに、閉塞信号を発生する閉塞検出器、および
前記閉塞信号を受信し、これに応答して前記ブロアの操作を付勢する指令を発生する制御器からなる装置。
- それぞれの吸気サイクルの平均吸気流れおよび吸気中間点に対してそれぞれの凸ローブの大きさおよび位置を評価する請求項1、2、3、4、5および6のいずれか1項に記載の装置。
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US20180000427A1 (en) | 2018-01-04 |
JP5099866B2 (ja) | 2012-12-19 |
US20070084464A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
US7013893B2 (en) | 2006-03-21 |
US8707953B2 (en) | 2014-04-29 |
AU2001283700B2 (en) | 2007-01-04 |
WO2002018002A1 (en) | 2002-03-07 |
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