JP5465807B1 - Concrete breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To reduce the generation of noise from the vicinity of the tip of a chisel without lowering the efficiency of crushing work.
A breaker body 1 in which a cylinder 2 is formed, a chisel 4 held in a reciprocating manner on the front end side in the cylinder 2, and a reciprocatingly held in a rear end side in the cylinder 2, A piston 7 that abuts against the rear end of the chisel 4 to give a striking force, a fixing member 8 fixed to the chisel 4, a muffler member 13 held coaxially with the chisel 4 and held by a tray 12, and a fixing member 8 and a conical coil spring 11 that is interposed between the tray 12 and the conical coil spring 11 that biases the silencer 13 against the peripheral edge of the opening hole 3. When the chisel 4 is eccentric with respect to the breaker body 1, the silencing member 13 is also eccentric with the chisel 4 to prevent friction between the chisel 4 and the silencing member 13 and between the breaker body 1 and the chisel 4. The gap g is closed to prevent the hitting sound from leaking.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a concrete breaker for crushing concrete or the like by reciprocating a chisel (flea) with pressure or hydraulic pressure of compressed gas such as compressed nitrogen or compressed air.

  A concrete breaker (hereinafter referred to as “breaker”) supplies a compressed gas such as compressed nitrogen or working oil to a cylinder formed inside the breaker body, and a piston provided inside the cylinder by the pressure of the compressed gas or working oil. Is driven, the chisel provided on the tip side of the cylinder is struck by the piston, the chisel is reciprocated in the cylinder, and concrete or the like is crushed by the reciprocating chisel.

  When this breaker is operated, (1) impact sound generated when the piston hits the chisel, (2) crushing sound generated when the chisel crushes concrete, etc., and further, the piston is driven by compressed gas. (3) Various noises such as an impact sound generated when compressed gas is discharged from the breaker body are generated. For this reason, there is a problem that use in a quiet residential area or at night is restricted.

  Among these noise factors, the hitting sound according to the above (1) tends to be a problem. The reason is that this striking sound is a high-frequency metallic sound generated from a piston and chisel made of a metal material (mainly steel), and is very annoying and reaches without being attenuated from the work site. This is because it is easy. In addition, the breaker is often used obliquely protruding from the ground. In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the opening hole 3 on the tip end side of the breaker body 1 is formed into an elliptical shape by the reciprocating chisel 4. Often uneven wear. Then, the impact sound leaks from the gap g generated between the unevenly-weared opening hole 3 and the chisel 4, and the noise problem may become more serious.

  In order to reduce the noise such as the hitting sound, for example, as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a soundproof cover may be provided on the breaker. This soundproof cover is provided with an elastic body on the inner side of its tip, and is configured to surround the periphery of the chisel with this elastic body (see reference numeral 14 in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1 and FIG. 2). 1 (see 11 near the chisel indicated by 2)). Surrounding the chisel with an elastic body suppresses the vibration of the chisel caused by striking to reduce the high-frequency hitting sound and prevents the gap g from being generated around the chisel, so that noise leaks from the gap. Is preventing.

Registered Utility Model No. 3024348 Registered Utility Model No. 3002362

  In the soundproof covers shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, an elastic body for preventing noise leakage from around the chisel is fixed inside the soundproof cover. In this case, when the breaker is pushed obliquely with respect to the ground and the chisel shaft is slightly decentered with respect to the soundproof cover, the chisel is in strong local contact with the elastic body. The friction between the two increases. Then, due to this friction, a part of the striking energy is lost as heat, which may cause a problem that the working efficiency of the crushing work is lowered. Furthermore, when the elastic body is worn by rubbing against the chisel, a predetermined silencing function by the elastic body may not be obtained.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to reduce the generation of noise from the vicinity of the chisel tip without reducing the work efficiency of the crushing work.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is configured such that a chisel that reciprocates and strikes an object to be crushed and a cylinder having an opening hole at the tip are formed, and the chisel is reciprocally held by this cylinder. A breaker body, a silencer provided coaxially with the chisel, closing a gap between an outer peripheral surface of the chisel and a peripheral edge of the opening hole from a tip end side of the breaker body, and fixed to the chisel, the silencer A breaker comprising: an elastic member that presses the member against the peripheral edge portion.

  In this way, the silencing member is provided coaxially with the chisel, and this silencing member is pressed against the peripheral edge from the tip side of the breaker body, so that the breaker is projected obliquely with respect to the ground, and the chisel shaft is slightly eccentric. Even if it does, it can prevent that the said silencing member follows the eccentricity of this axis | shaft, and decenters, and the friction between the outer peripheral surface of this chisel and a silencing member increases. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of the noise from a breaker front-end | tip can be reduced, without reducing the working efficiency of a crushing operation | work.

  In the above configuration, it is preferable that the elastic member is a coil spring provided coaxially with the chisel.

  By providing the coil spring in this way, when the coil spring is expanded after being contracted, the chisel protruding speed is increased as compared with the case where there is no coil spring, and a larger crushing force can be obtained.

  Moreover, in the structure which employs a coil spring as the elastic member, the coil spring is preferably a conical coil spring.

  By using the conical coil spring in this way, when the conical coil spring is contracted, it is possible to prevent the coiled spring bodies from coming into contact with each other as much as possible, and to ensure the maximum stroke in the axial direction of the chisel. be able to.

  In each of the above configurations, the muffler member is held by a saucer made of a material harder than the muffler member, and the elastic member abuts on the saucer so that the peripheral portion of the muffler member is in contact with the peripheral portion. It is preferable that the pressing is performed.

  In general, a soft material is used for the silencing member to provide a silencing function. In this case, if the sound deadening member made of a soft material is directly pressed by an elastic member, the sound deadening member may be deformed into an unintended shape and a sufficient sound deadening function may not be obtained. Therefore, by holding the silencing member with the tray and indirectly pressing the silencing member with an elastic member, deformation of the silencing member can be prevented as much as possible and a sufficient silencing function can be ensured.

  In each of the above structures, it is preferable that the sound deadening member is an annular rubber.

  Generally, rubber is inexpensive and can be easily replaced even when it deteriorates with long-term use. For this reason, it is always possible to ensure a high silencing function.

  The present invention employs a configuration in which a muffling member provided coaxially with the chisel is pressed against the inner peripheral edge of the opening hole formed at the tip of the breaker body holding the chisel by the urging force of the elastic member. With this configuration, even if the breaker is used while being inclined obliquely with respect to the ground, and the chisel shaft is slightly decentered, the silencing member follows the decentering of the shaft and is decentered. It is possible to prevent an increase in friction between the two. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of the noise from the chisel tip vicinity can be reduced, without reducing the working efficiency of a crushing operation | work.

The principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 1st embodiment of the breaker which concerns on this invention The principal part perspective view of the breaker which concerns on 1st embodiment. The principal part disassembled perspective view of the breaker which concerns on 1st embodiment. The principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which shrunk the elastic member in the breaker which concerns on 1st embodiment. The main part longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which the silencing member decentered with the chisel in the breaker which concerns on 1st embodiment. The principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows 2nd embodiment of the breaker which concerns on this invention Bottom view showing the state where the breaker body (the inner surface of the opening hole) is worn due to friction with the chisel

  A first embodiment of a breaker according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. Inside the breaker body 1 of this breaker, a cylinder 2 is formed along its length direction. An opening hole 3 leading to the outside is formed at the tip of the cylinder 2.

  A chisel 4 that strikes the object to be crushed is held on the tip side of the cylinder 2 so as to be reciprocating within the cylinder 2. The tip end side of the chisel 4 protrudes from the opening hole 3 of the cylinder 2. A restriction groove 5 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the chisel 4 over a predetermined range in the length direction, and a restriction pin 6 that relatively moves in the length direction in the restriction groove 5 is provided in the cylinder 2. Is provided. The restriction pin 6 abuts against the front and rear ends 5 a and 5 b of the restriction groove 5, so that the reciprocation of the chisel 4 is restricted within the predetermined range and prevents the chisel 4 from falling off the cylinder 2.

  On the rear end side of the cylinder 2, a piston 7 that abuts against the rear end of the chisel 4 and applies a striking force is held so as to reciprocate in the same direction as the chisel 4. The piston 7 periodically changes the gas pressure applied to the upper and lower pressure receiving surfaces of the piston 7 by a gas pressure adjusting mechanism (not shown) to generate a differential pressure on both pressure receiving surfaces. By this, it is configured to reciprocate in the axial direction.

  A fixing member 8 divided in the circumferential direction is integrally fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the chisel 4 by tightening bolts 9. A spring seat 10 is formed on the rear end side of the fixing member 8, and a small diameter side of a conical coil spring 11 provided coaxially with the chisel 4 is fitted into the spring seat 10.

  On the rear end side of the chisel 4, an annular silencing member 13 held by an annular receiving tray 12 is provided coaxially with the chisel 4. A spring seat 14 is formed on the tray 12, and the large diameter side of the conical coil spring 11 is fitted into the spring seat 14. The muffling member 13 is pressed against the peripheral edge of the opening hole 3 by the biasing force of the conical coil spring 11. The materials for the tray 12 and the sound deadening member 13 are steel and rubber, respectively. In this way, by using a material that is harder than the material of the muffler member 13 as the material of the tray 12, the muffler member 13 is not intended as compared with the case where the muffler member 13 is directly pressed by the conical coil spring 11. The deformation to the shape can be prevented as much as possible. For this reason, the silencing effect by the silencing member 13 can be reliably exhibited.

  When the breaker is used, the tip of the chisel 4 is pushed against the ground G as shown in FIG. Then, the conical coil spring 11 contracts due to the weight of the breaker and the force pressing the breaker downward. When the conical coil spring 11 contracts, the silencing member 13 is pressed more strongly against the peripheral edge of the opening hole 3 by the urging force of the conical coil spring 11 (see the upward arrow in the figure). In this manner, the striking of the chisel 4 by the piston 7 is started in a state where the silencing member 13 is strongly pressed against the peripheral portion and can exert a high silencing effect.

  Since the tray 12 and the sound deadening member 13 are provided coaxially with the chisel 4, for example, even if the breaker is used while being obliquely projected with respect to the ground, and the shaft of the chisel 4 is slightly decentered, this shaft is eccentric. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the silencing member 13 from following and decentering and generating large friction between the outer peripheral surface of the chisel 4 and the silencing member 13. For this reason, crushing work can be advanced efficiently. Further, as described with reference to FIG. 7, even if partial wear occurs in the breaker body 1, as shown in FIG. 5, the silencing member 13 is eccentric following the eccentricity of the shaft of the chisel 4 (in the same figure). Since the gap g between the chisel 4 and the breaker body 1 caused by uneven wear is tightly closed, it is possible to reliably prevent the impact sound from leaking from the gap g.

  Further, by providing the conical coil spring 11 in this way, when the conical coil spring 11 is stretched after being contracted, the protruding speed of the chisel 4 is increased as compared with the case where the conical coil spring 11 is not provided, and a large crushing force is obtained. Can be obtained. For this reason, the working efficiency of the crushing work can be further improved. Moreover, the conical coil spring 11 has a maximum stroke of the chisel 4 because the coiled spring bodies are prevented from coming into contact with each other as much as possible when the spring is contracted as compared with a coil spring having the same winding diameter. Can be secured to the limit. For this reason, a larger crushing force can be obtained.

  Both the chisel 4 and the piston 7 are generally made of a metal such as steel. In this case, when the piston 7 strikes the chisel 4, a high frequency metal sound is generated. Since this metal sound is difficult to attenuate, it can cause serious noise problems in quiet residential areas and at night. Therefore, by providing the silencing member 13 in the chisel 4, the silencing member 13 acts as a vibration absorber that absorbs vibration when the chisel is struck, and the striking sound can be weakened. For this reason, a noise problem can be avoided as much as possible.

  FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the breaker according to the present invention. The basic configuration of this breaker is the same as that of the breaker according to the first embodiment, but differs in that a coil spring 11 having the same winding diameter is used as the elastic member 11. Thus, even when the coil spring 11 having the same winding diameter is used, the silencing member 13 is firmly pressed against the peripheral edge portion of the opening hole 3, so that the silencing action can be surely exhibited.

  Each of the above embodiments is merely an example, and as long as the problem of the present invention of reducing the generation of noise from the vicinity of the tip of the chisel 4 can be solved without reducing the work efficiency of the crushing work, the elastic member 11 The shape, material, and the like of the silencer member 13 and the like can be appropriately changed as necessary.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Breaker body 2 Cylinder 3 Opening hole 4 Chisel 5 Restriction groove 6 Restriction pin 7 Piston 8 Fixing member 9 Bolt 10 Spring seat 11 Conical coil spring, coil spring (elastic member)
12 Receptacle 13 Silencer 14 Spring Seat

Claims (4)

A chisel (4) that strikes the object to be crushed by reciprocating; and
A breaker body (1) having a cylinder (2) having an opening hole (3) at the tip, and holding the chisel (4) in a reciprocating manner by the cylinder (2);
A muffler that is provided coaxially with the chisel (4) and blocks the gap (g) between the outer peripheral surface of the chisel (4) and the peripheral edge of the opening hole (3) from the front end side of the breaker body (1). A member (13);
An elastic member (11) fixed to the chisel (4) and pressing the muffler member (13) against the peripheral edge;
Equipped with a,
The silencing member (13) is held by a tray (12) made of a material harder than the silencing member (13), and the elastic member (11) comes into contact with the tray (12), thereby the pressing is made Turkey down cleats breaker to the peripheral edge portion of the sound deadening member (13). A chisel (4) that strikes the object to be crushed by reciprocating; and
A breaker body (1) having a cylinder (2) having an opening hole (3) at the tip, and holding the chisel (4) in a reciprocating manner by the cylinder (2);
A muffler that is provided coaxially with the chisel (4) and blocks the gap (g) between the outer peripheral surface of the chisel (4) and the peripheral edge of the opening hole (3) from the front end side of the breaker body (1). A member (13);
An elastic member (11) fixed to the chisel (4) and pressing the muffler member (13) against the peripheral edge;
Equipped with a,
Said elastic member (11) is, Ri coil spring (11) Der provided on the chisel coaxial
The silencing member (13) is held by a tray (12) made of a material harder than the silencing member (13), and the elastic member (11) comes into contact with the tray (12), thereby the pressing is made Turkey down cleats breaker to the peripheral edge portion of the sound deadening member (13).   The concrete breaker according to claim 2, wherein the coil spring (11) is a conical coil spring (11). The concrete breaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the silencing member (13) is an annular rubber.

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