JP5459540B2 - Water heater - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hybrid hot water supply apparatus that uses both a heat pump and a combustion apparatus, and more particularly, to a hybrid hot water supply apparatus that can be miniaturized and has few restrictions on installation locations.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a hot water supply apparatus that uses a heat pump and a combustion apparatus to compensate for a shortage of hot water supply by the heat pump with the combustion apparatus is known. As such a hot water supply apparatus, there exists a hot water supply apparatus currently disclosed by patent document 1, for example.

JP 2000-11154 A

  The invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a hot water supply apparatus including a heat pump unit having an evaporator, and a combustion unit provided with an exhaust unit or the like for leading exhaust after combustion. The heat pump unit is always operated during hot water supply, and the shortage of the heat pump unit with respect to the hot water supply capacity is compensated for by the combustion unit operation.

  Such a hot water supply apparatus is usually installed by disposing a heat pump unit and a combustion unit in separate casings. However, according to such an arrangement method, there is a problem that a wide installation place is required.

  In view of this, the present inventors have considered that a heat pump unit and a combustion unit are installed in one casing to reduce the size.

However, when the heat pump unit and the combustion unit are arranged close to each other in a single casing, the blower of the evaporator for sucking outside air sucks the combustion gas discharged from the combustion device. As a result, there is a problem in that the oxidized drain is generated by the heat exchange of the combustion gas in the evaporator and is accumulated in the evaporator, and the evaporator is corroded by the drain.
Further, if the heat pump unit and the combustion unit are arranged apart from each other, there is a problem that the housing becomes large and the installation place is limited. Furthermore, since the piping for connecting the heat pump unit and the combustion unit becomes long, there are problems that the installation cost increases and the heat loss due to heat radiation from the piping increases. In addition, there is a problem that the beauty of the external appearance is impaired due to an increase in the size of the casing or an excessively long piping.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a hot water supply apparatus that is a hybrid type hot water supply apparatus that uses both a heat pump and a heat exchanger, and that can be downsized and has few restrictions on installation locations.

The invention described in claim 1 for solving the above-described problem includes a heat pump circuit including an evaporator and a combustion device that is supplied with fuel and combusts, and hot water is heated by the heat pump circuit and / or the combustion device. A hot water supply device that can be used for hot water supply, and has a housing that can accommodate the heat pump circuit and the combustion device, and the housing is an opening that constitutes an intake portion for an evaporator for sucking in outside air that communicates inside and outside And a ventilation hole for discharging the air after heat exchange with the heat medium of the evaporator to the outside of the housing, and an opening constituting an exhaust part for the combustion device for exhausting the combustion gas The opening constituting the evaporator intake section, the ventilation hole, and the opening constituting the combustion apparatus exhaust section are independent of each other, and the opening constituting the evaporator intake section and the combustion apparatus exhaust section opening that make up the the筺Respectively positioned on different surfaces which constitute the, when the combustion device is burned, the combustion gas blown out from the combustion unit is discharged to the housing exterior through the opening constituting the combustion device exhaust unit, the heat pump circuit When operating a hot water supply apparatus , air taken in from an opening constituting the evaporator intake section passes through the vicinity of the evaporator and is discharged to the outside of the housing through the ventilation hole. It is.

In the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention, a heat pump circuit including an evaporator and a combustion apparatus are accommodated in the same casing, and an intake section for the evaporator and an exhaust section for the combustion apparatus are provided on different surfaces constituting the casing. . The evaporator can take in air outside the enclosure through the evaporator intake section, and the combustion apparatus can discharge combustion gas outside the enclosure through the combustion apparatus exhaust section.
That is, since the evaporator intake section and the combustion apparatus exhaust section are provided on different surfaces, the combustion gas is discharged in a direction different from the direction in which the air is taken in, so the combustion gas is drawn into the intake section together with the outside air. Problems can be suppressed. Thereby, the problem that the oxidized drain generated by the combustion gas corrodes the inside of the evaporator can be prevented.
Therefore, according to the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention, the heat pump circuit and the combustion apparatus can be accommodated in the same casing. Therefore, since the heat pump circuit and the combustion apparatus can be configured as one unit, the overall size can be reduced while bringing both into close proximity.

The invention according to claim 2 is the hot water supply device according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator intake portion is disposed below the combustion device exhaust portion.

In the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention, the evaporator intake section is disposed below the combustion apparatus exhaust section. Therefore, the high-temperature combustion gas rises after being discharged to the outside of the housing, so that intake of combustion gas from the evaporator intake portion can be suppressed. Therefore, the problem that the oxidized drain generated by the combustion gas corrodes the inside of the evaporator can be prevented more reliably.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the housing is substantially rectangular parallelepiped, and the evaporator is arranged at a position where air can be sucked in from two or more adjacent surfaces among the surfaces constituting the housing. The hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 and 2.

In the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention, the housing is substantially rectangular parallelepiped, and is disposed at a position where air can be sucked in from two or more adjacent surfaces among the surfaces constituting the housing.
Therefore, the evaporator intake section can be arranged on any of the two or more surfaces. That is, it is possible to reduce the restriction on the position where the intake portion is installed. Therefore, the arrangement position of the intake section can be easily changed according to the situation of the installation location and the convenience of the design. As a result, it is possible to provide a hot water supply device that can reduce restrictions on the installation location and has high design.

The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that a plurality of the intake portions for the evaporator are provided, and each intake portion is disposed on a different surface constituting the casing. It is a hot-water supply apparatus as described in.

In the hot water supply apparatus of the present invention, the ability to supply outside air to the evaporator can be enhanced by providing a plurality of evaporator intake portions.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can provide a hot water supply apparatus that can prevent corrosion in the evaporator due to oxidized drain generated by combustion gas even when the heat pump circuit and the combustion apparatus are brought close to each other to reduce the overall size.

1 is a system diagram showing a hot water supply apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the hot water supply apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is AA sectional drawing of the hot-water supply apparatus of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the hot water supply apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the hot water supply apparatus which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the external appearance of the hot water supply apparatus of this invention.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the vertical and horizontal positional relationships are based on the normal installation state unless otherwise specified. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hot water supply device 1 in the first embodiment of the present invention is mainly composed of a heat pump circuit 2, a hot water storage tank 3, a combustion device 15, and a heat exchanger 16, which are a casing. 11 is arranged inside. This will be specifically described below.

  In the heat pump circuit 2, the compressor 5, the condenser 6, the expansion valve 7, and the evaporator 8 form an annular circuit using piping, as in the known heat pump, and the phase change heat in the circuit The medium is enclosed.

  The compressor 5 is a known hermetic compressor.

  The condenser 6 is provided with a flow path through which a heat medium circulating in the heat pump circuit 2 passes and a heating flow path 50 described later between the heat medium and the water in the heating flow path 50. Heat exchange.

  The evaporator 8 is a gas-liquid heat exchanger, has a heat medium passage channel through which the heat medium passes, and has fins (not shown) around it. The evaporator 8 is provided with a blower 24, and air is supplied to the evaporator 8 by the blower 24.

  That is, the heat pump circuit 2 includes a compressor 5, a condenser 6, an expansion valve 7, and an evaporator 8 that are connected to each other in an annular shape. By operating the compressor 5, an internal gaseous heat medium is compressed. And enters the condenser 6. The heat medium is deprived of heat by the condenser 6 and liquefied. The liquefied heat medium is discharged from the expansion valve 7, and its volume expands in the evaporator 8 to take heat away from the surrounding atmosphere (outside air). The heat medium is vaporized again and returns to the compressor 5.

The hot water storage tank 3 is configured to store hot water by forming a temperature stratification therein, and the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 3 is hotter as it approaches the top side. A layered temperature distribution that gradually decreases toward the side is formed. A top opening and a bottom opening are provided at the top and bottom of the hot water storage tank 3 to allow hot water to enter and exit, respectively.
The hot water storage tank 3 is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors (not shown) in the height direction, and the temperature distribution in the height direction of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 3 is detected by these temperature sensors. The amount of hot water stored in 3 can be detected.

  The combustion device 15 is supplied with fuel gas from a fuel supply source (not shown) and burns, and can heat the hot water in the hot water supply passage 52. Further, the combustion device 15 is provided with an exhaust port 15a for exhausting combustion gas to the outside and an intake port 15b for intake of outside air when the fuel gas is combusted inside.

  The heat exchanger 16 is a known heat exchanger, and exchanges heat between hot water flowing through the heating channel 50 and a heat medium (mainly hot water) circulating between a heating terminal such as floor heating. It is something to be made.

The casing 11 is a member having an approximately rectangular parallelepiped appearance. As shown in FIG. 2, two openings 20 a and 21 a of an evaporator intake section 20 (intake section) and a combustion apparatus exhaust section 21 (exhaust section), which will be described later, are provided on the surface of the housing 11. ing. At this time, one opening 20a is provided on each of the top surface and the side surface, which are two adjacent surfaces constituting the casing 11, and the opening 21a is provided on the front surface. In other words, the two openings 20a and 21a are provided on different surfaces, and the number of openings provided on one surface is only one.
Further, a ventilation hole 29 which is a hole penetrating the outside and the inside is provided on the surface of the housing 11. The diameter of the ventilation hole 29 is substantially the same as the length of the blower 24 in the longitudinal direction. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the housing 11 is provided with a partition at a position slightly above the inner central portion.
Further, an opening 32 a of a combustion device intake portion 32 described later is provided on the surface of the housing 11. The opening 32a is located in front of the housing 11 and below the opening 21a.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the evaporator intake section 20 includes an opening 20 a provided on the top and side surfaces (the left side surface in FIG. 2) constituting the housing 11 and a space inside the housing 11. Thus, a space 20b that is a space between the surface having the opening 20a and the evaporator 8 is formed.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the combustion device exhaust portion 21 is an opening 21 a provided on a side surface (front side in FIG. 2) constituting the housing 11, and a space inside the housing 11. It is formed by a space 21b that is a space between the surface having 21a and the exhaust port 15a of the combustion device 15.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the combustion device intake portion 32 is an opening 32 a provided on a side surface (front side in FIG. 2) constituting the housing 11 and a space inside the housing 11. It is formed by a space 32b that is a space between the surface having 32a and the intake port 15b of the combustion device 15.

  Next, the assembly structure of the hot water supply device 1 of the first embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the hot water supply device 1 of the first embodiment, the hot water storage tank 3 is arranged in the vicinity of the right side surface inside the housing 11, and the combustion device 15 is in the vicinity of the left side surface and at the lower side. It is arranged. The members of the heat pump circuit 2 are arranged in the vicinity of the left side surface inside the housing 11 and on the upper side. More specifically, the evaporator 8 is disposed at the upper left corner of the housing 11 and in the vicinity of the front corner. The place where the evaporator 8 and the combustion device 15 are provided is partitioned by a housing 11 as shown in FIG.
In FIG. 2, each member of the heat pump circuit other than the evaporator 8 and a pipe-like member serving as a flow path for hot water or a heat medium are omitted for the sake of drawing.

An exhaust port 15 a of the combustion device 15 communicates with the combustion device exhaust portion 21 of the housing 11. Therefore, the combustion gas blown out from the combustion device 15 can be discharged outside the housing 11 through the combustion device exhaust portion 21.
In addition, the intake port 15b of the combustion device 15 communicates with the combustion device intake portion 32 of the housing 11, and when the combustion device 15 burns fuel gas inside, the intake port 15b can take in air from the outside.
And the combustion apparatus 15 is arrange | positioned in the state which can heat the water which flows in the hot water supply flow path 52. FIG.

  Further, an evaporator 8 is disposed in the vicinity of the evaporator intake section 20, and the evaporator 8 is connected to the outside through the evaporator intake section 20 of the housing 11. A blower 24 is provided in the vicinity of the evaporator 8, and a ventilation hole 29 is located in the vicinity of the blower 24 of the housing 11. Therefore, when the outside air is sucked into the housing 11 from the opening 20a by the blower 24, the air (the sucked outside air) contacts the evaporator 8 through the space 20b and exchanges heat with the heat medium of the evaporator 8. Then, the air is discharged from the ventilation hole 29 to the outside.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the two openings 20a are provided on the top and side surfaces of the housing 11, and are sufficiently wide in the vicinity of the back surface (the left surface in FIG. 3) inside the housing 11. An evaporator intake section 20 that is an intake space having the above is disposed. As a result, the hot water supply device 1 is in a state in which intake can be performed with the back surface in close contact with the wall.

  Then, operation | movement of the hot water supply apparatus 1 of 1st Embodiment is demonstrated. The hot water supply apparatus 1 of the present invention can be broadly divided into three operations of a storage operation, a heating operation, and a hot water supply operation. Each operation will be described below with reference to FIG.

  First, hot water storage (storage operation) in the hot water storage tank 3 which is the first operation will be described. In the first operation, water supplied to the hot water supply device 1 flows into the heating flow path 50 by the pump 25 and is heated by the condenser 6 by the heat medium circulating in the heat pump circuit 2. Then, by switching the three-way valve 27 to a state where it communicates with the hot water storage channel 51, heated water (hot water) flows into the hot water storage channel 51 and is stored in the hot water storage tank 3.

Next, heat transfer (heating operation) to the heating medium, which is the second operation, will be described. Similarly to the first operation described above, the water supplied to the hot water supply device 1 is heated by the condenser 6 by the heat medium circulating in the heat pump circuit 2. The heated water (hot water) heats the heat medium flowing through the heating flow path 54 by the heat exchanger 16. At this time, the heated water (hot water) is deprived of heat by the heat medium, and the temperature drops. Then, by switching the three-way valve 27 to a state where it communicates with the circulation channel 53 side, water flows into the circulation channel 53 and again flows into the heating channel 50. That is, water continues to circulate between the heating flow path 50 and the circulation flow path 53, and during that time, the operation of transferring the heat received from the heat pump circuit 2 to the heat medium flowing through the heating flow path 54 is continuously performed.
The heating channel 54 is connected to a heating terminal (not shown), and the heat of the heat medium flowing through the heating channel 54 is used for heating.

  Next, the operation at the time of hot water supply (hot water supply operation) as the third operation will be described. In the third operation, the water supplied from the water supply source to the hot water supply device 1 pushes up the hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 from the lower opening side, so that the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 3 flows from the top opening side to the hot water flow. Rinse on path 55. Then, the water supplied to the hot water supply apparatus 1 flows through the cold water flow path 56 and merges with water (hot water) flowing through the hot water flow path 55 and the hot water supply flow path 52. At this time, the ratio of hot water and water is adjusted by the three-way proportional valve 26, and hot water (water) having an appropriate temperature (38 degrees to 45 degrees Celsius) flows into the hot water supply flow path 52. Then, hot water having a necessary temperature is supplied to the user of the hot water supply apparatus 1 through the hot water supply passage 52.

Here, in the third operation, a case will be described in which hot water of a predetermined temperature cannot be flowed into the hot water supply flow path 52 because, for example, high temperature water (hot water) stored in the hot water storage tank 3 disappears. In this case, the combustion device 15 heats the water in the hot water supply passage 52 to supply water (hot water) at a predetermined temperature. That is, the hot water supply device 1 can supply hot water without passing through the hot water storage tank 3 by flowing the supplied water (cold water) from the cold water flow channel 56 to the hot water supply flow channel 52.
At this time, since the hot water supply device 1 can operate the heat pump circuit 2 and the combustion device 15 at the same time, the hot water supply by the combustion device 15 and the storage of hot water in the hot water storage tank 3 (first operation) or for heating are performed. Heat transfer to the heat medium (second operation) can be performed simultaneously.

  Subsequently, the operation of the hot water supply device 1 when the heat pump circuit 2 and the combustion device 15 are simultaneously operated will be described in more detail.

  When the heat pump circuit 2 is operated, the blower 24 is operated in order to send outside air to the evaporator 8. Then, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the direction from the two openings 20a toward the inside of the housing 11 (the direction indicated by the arrow X1) and the direction from the inside of the housing 11 to the outside (the direction indicated by the arrow X2). Of air flow. That is, by the operation of the blower 24, air is taken into the housing 11 from the outside through the opening 20a, and the taken-in air passes near the evaporator 8 and is discharged to the outside of the housing 11 through the ventilation hole 29. Is done.

  When the combustion device 15 is operated, the combustion device 15 takes in outside air from the opening 32a, burns fuel gas inside, and heats hot water. At this time, the combustion gas used for heating the hot water is discharged from the combustion device 15. Here, since the combustion device 15 has a blower that sends combustion air into the inside, the combustion gas can be exhausted vigorously in an arbitrary direction. As a result, the combustion gas discharged from the combustion device 15 passes through the opening 21a and is discharged in the direction from the inside of the housing 11 to the outside (the direction indicated by the arrow Y1). In other words, a gas flow is formed by the combustion gas in the direction indicated by the arrow Y1.

  Here, the two openings 20 a and 21 a are provided on different surfaces of the housing 11. Therefore, the direction in which outside air is taken into the housing (the direction indicated by arrow X1) and the direction in which the combustion gas is discharged (the direction indicated by arrow Y1) can be different. Therefore, the exhausted combustion gas is not taken in by the blower 24 and is not mixed with the air taken in by the blower 24. Therefore, even if the heat pump circuit 2 and the combustion device 15 are simultaneously operated in a state where the evaporator 8 and the combustion device 15 are disposed close to each other, the hot water supply device 1 can be safely operated.

  In addition, although 2nd Embodiment and 3rd Embodiment are demonstrated in order below, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same description, such as a structure and material similar to the hot water supply apparatus 1 in 1st Embodiment, A duplicate description is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the hot water supply device 41 of the second embodiment is arranged such that the opening 21 a of the combustion device exhaust portion 21 is located above the opening 20 a of the evaporator intake portion 20. Moreover, the opening 20a is installed not on the top surface but on the side surface and the back surface, and the opening shape of the opening 20a on the back surface is changed so that the front view is square.

  According to the hot water supply apparatus 41 of the present embodiment, since the high-temperature exhaust discharged from the opening 21a is directed upward, no intake air is received from the opening 20a provided on the lower side of the housing 11. Therefore, intake of combustion gas from the intake portion can be more reliably suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the hot water supply device 42 of the third embodiment, the opening 21 a of the combustion device exhaust 21 is provided in the side surface portion of the housing 11. Moreover, the opening 20a is one large opening provided on two adjacent surfaces (back surface and side surface). At this time, the side surface provided with a part of the opening 20a and the side surface provided with the opening 21a are opposite side surfaces.

  According to the hot water supply apparatus 42 of the present embodiment, the opening 21a and the opening 20a are located at positions where the housing 11 is substantially opposed. That is, since the opening 21a and the opening 20a are located at a distance, the intake of combustion gas from the intake portion can be more reliably suppressed.

As shown in each of the above-described embodiments, the shape and number of the openings 20a and the positions to be arranged can be changed as appropriate. For example, in addition to the above-described embodiments, the openings 20a may be provided on two opposing surfaces of the housing 11, or the openings 20a may be provided on three or more surfaces in addition to the two surfaces.
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the openings 20a and 21a may be arranged on the same curved surface so that the opening directions thereof are different. That is, in two or more local portions on the housing, when the directions from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing are different, the openings may be arranged with the respective local portions as different surfaces.

  In each of the embodiments described above, the casing 11 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, but the shape of the casing is not limited thereto. For example, a cubic shape or a cylindrical shape may be used. The shape of the casing 11 may be set arbitrarily.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the opening 32a of the combustion device intake portion 32 is provided on the same surface as the opening 21a so as to face the intake port 15b of the combustion device 15. However, the arrangement position of the opening 32a is limited to this. It is not a thing.
For example, it may be provided on a surface different from the opening 21a and the same surface as the opening 20a. Moreover, you may provide not only one but multiple.
In short, it is sufficient that when the combustion device 15 is arranged in the housing 11, the housing 11 is in a state in which outside air necessary for combustion of the fuel gas can be supplied to the combustion device 15.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot-water supply apparatus 2 Heat pump circuit 8 Evaporator 11 Housing 15 Combustion apparatus 20 Intake part (intake part) for evaporators
21 Exhaust part for combustion equipment (exhaust part)

Claims (4)

A hot water supply apparatus that includes a heat pump circuit including an evaporator and a combustion device that is supplied with fuel and burns, and that can supply hot water by heating the hot water using the heat pump circuit and / or the combustion device,
A housing capable of accommodating the heat pump circuit and the combustion device;
The housing has an opening that constitutes an intake section for an evaporator for sucking in outside air that communicates inside and outside, and a ventilation hole that discharges air after heat exchange with a heat medium of the evaporator to the outside of the housing, Having an opening that constitutes an exhaust part for a combustion device for exhausting combustion gas ,
The opening constituting the evaporator intake section, the vent hole, and the opening constituting the combustion apparatus exhaust section are independent of each other, and the opening constituting the evaporator intake section and the combustion apparatus exhaust section are provided. The opening to be constructed is located on each of different surfaces constituting the housing,
When the combustion device burns, the combustion gas blown out from the combustion device is discharged to the outside of the housing through the opening constituting the exhaust device for the combustion device,
When operating the heat pump circuit, the air taken in through the opening constituting the evaporator intake section passes through the vicinity of the evaporator and is discharged to the outside of the housing through the ventilation hole. Hot water supply device. The hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator intake section is disposed below the combustion apparatus exhaust section. The housing has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape,
The hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the evaporator is disposed at a position where air can be sucked in from two or more adjacent directions among the surfaces constituting the housing. The evaporator inlet portion is provided with a plurality of hot water supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each evaporator intake portion are arranged on different surfaces constituting the housing.

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