JP5457376B2 - 埋め込み型心臓刺激デバイスにおける的確な心臓事象検出 - Google Patents
埋め込み型心臓刺激デバイスにおける的確な心臓事象検出 Download PDFInfo
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Description
(関連出願)
本出願は、その開示が参照により本明細書に組込まれる、2008年3月7日に出願され、「埋め込み型心臓刺激デバイスにおける的確な心臓事象検出(ACCURATE CARDIAC EVENT DETECTION IN AN IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC STIMULUS DEVICE)」という名称の米国仮特許出願第61/034,938号の利益およびその優先権を主張する。
ここで、AおよびBは、所定の値である。例示的な実施例では、上記式が、「真の(true)」結果をもたらす場合、ピークは類似し、そうでなければ、ピークは相違する。
継続期間92、94、または96、
推定ピークの振幅CT1%、CT2%、
指数関数的減衰の開始点、および/または、
指数関数的減衰についての減衰の時定数
例示的な実施例では、これらの変数は、被検出事象のピーク振幅間の類似性または相違性の識別に応答して、感度を上げるかまたは下げるために、単独でまたは組合せて操作される。たとえば、継続期間92、94、96の任意の継続期間を延長することは、全体の検出プロファイルの感度を下げる。一部の実施形態では、不応期92は、一定のままであり、一方、他の変数の組合せは修正される。
検出が中止されなければ(たとえば、刺激送出中および刺激送出直後に、または、インプラントとのテレメトリ通信中に医師によって、検出が停止される可能性がある)、方法はまた、検出ループ200に戻る準備をするステップを実施する。これらのステップは、212に示すように、類似被検出事象ピークが観測されるかまたは相違被検出事象ピークが観測されるかについての判定を含んでもよい。ステップ212の解析結果は、ステップ214において検出プロファイルを設定するのに使用される検出プロファイル構成を確定する。ステップ214で構成される検出プロファイルは、その後、検出ループ200に戻ると使用される。
−被検出事象の対が、時間的に非常に近く、かつ、一定の形状特性を有するかどうかについての観測結果を含んでもよい、広い心臓波形群の複数の検出から得られる二重検出を識別する。
所望である場合、ステップ262、264で、二重検出の識別についての他の因子が、代わりに使用されてもよい。
例示的な実施例では、頻拍ゾーンは、プログラム可能なパラメータとして埋め込み型デバイスために規定される。特に、医師またはプログラマ44(図2)の他のユーザは、頻拍がそれについて宣言されることになる最低レートを設定しうる。レートは、1000にグラフで示され、VTゾーンPPは頻拍ゾーンプログラム可能パラメータを示す。例示的な実施例では、VTゾーンPPは、170bpm〜240bpmの範囲に設定されうる。例示的な実施例についての計算されるレートがVTゾーンPPを越えるときはいつでも、頻拍状態が呼出される。頻拍状態が呼出されると、デバイスは、「頻拍オン(Tachy On)」状態に入る。「頻拍オン」状態は、その状態が終了するまで、有効のままである。例示的な実施例では、頻拍オン状態は、所定の数の連続する事象が、VTゾーンPPレートより低いレートで捕捉されると終了する。うまく働く実施形態では、VTゾーンPPレートより低い、24の連続するレート計算が、頻拍オン状態を終了することになる。VTゾーンPPより低い、24の連続する計算に加えて、または、それの代替として、VTゾーンPPに対するオフセットが、頻拍オン/オフのトグリング(toggling)を防止するために使用されてもよい。「頻拍オン」状態が有効でないときはいつでも。デバイスは、「頻拍オフ」状態にある。
次に、高速および低速についての規定に関して、数値実施例が1000に示される。例示的な実施形態では、低い閾値より低いレートは、低速であると考えられ、高い閾値を超えるレートは、高速であると考えられる。閾値の間のレートは、ヒステリシスゾーンに入る。ヒステリシスゾーンにあるとき、レートは、前のレート計算もまた高速であると考えられた場合高速であると考えられ、前のレート計算が低速であると考えられた場合低速であると考えられる。実施例では、VTゾーンPPは、高い閾値を超える値にプログラム可能である。したがって、一部のレートは、「高速」であると考えられるが、「頻拍オン」状態を生成する基準を満たさないことになる。高い閾値および低い閾値についての例示的な値は、148および167bpmとして示され、本発明は、これらの値に限定されない。頻拍オン状態の終了を判定するのに使用される24の連続する計算ルールは、「頻拍オン」状態が依然として呼出されている間に、低速レートを有することも可能であることを意味する。
最後に、特別な場合が、例示的な実施例によって包含される。例示的な実施例では、刺激ショックの送出に続いて、データシーディング(data seeding)が起こる。これは、「埋め込み可能な心臓刺激デバイスにおける心臓刺激送出後のデータ操作(DATA MANIPULATION FOLLOWING DELIVERY OF A CARDIAC STIMULUS IN AN IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC STIMULUS DEVICE)」という名称の米国特許出願第12/355,552号に開示される。データシーディングに加えて、頻拍オン状態を変更することなく、動的下限が使用可能にされてもよい。結果として、刺激ショックの送出に続いて、例示的な実施例は、VTゾーンPPを超える拍動数が計算されるまで、動的下限を使用可能にする。結果として、ショック後の検知は、ショック後の頻拍オン状態と呼ばれる、頻拍オン状態、動的下限オン状態の特別な状態を含む。
検出プロファイル1010は、被検出事象が類似する振幅を示すときに、頻拍オン状態で使用されると共に、ショック後の動的下限オン状態で使用されるためのものである。
検出プロファイル1030は、レートが速く、かつ、被検出事象が類似する振幅を示す場合、頻拍オフ状態で使用されるためのものである。
検出プロファイル1050は、レートが低速で、かつ、被検出事象が類似する振幅を示す場合、頻拍オン状態で使用されるためのものである。
検出プロファイル1070は、レートが低速で、かつ、被検出事象が相違する振幅を示す場合、頻拍オン状態で使用されるためのものである。
推定ピーク[n]=(ピーク[n−1]+ピーク[n−2])/2
推定ピーク[n]=(ピーク[n−1]+推定ピーク[n−1])/2
ここで、[n]は、考慮下の事象を表し、[n−1,n−2]は、前の被検出事象を表す。他のより複雑な関数が使用されてもよい。別の実施形態では、前のピークまたは推定ピークに対する新しい被検出ピークの類似性/相違性が解析されて、更新された推定ピークの計算から新しい被検出ピークを排除するかどうかが判定されてもよい。
閾値振幅=推定ピークのP%+定数
を組込むために、いくつかの方法で修正される。
Claims (8)
- 埋め込み型心臓刺激デバイス(ICSD)であって、
心臓信号解析を実施するように構成され、かつ、心臓刺激を提供するように構成された作動回路要素を収容するキャニスタと、
前記キャニスタに結合され、かつ、前記作動回路要素に動作可能に結合されたリード線電極組立体とを備え、
前記作動回路要素は、拍動検出方法を実施するように構成され、前記拍動検出方法は、
患者内に埋め込まれたときに、前記電極から電気信号を捕捉すること、
検出プロファイルを使用して捕捉された前記電気信号内の事象を識別することであって、前記検出プロファイルは、前記捕捉された信号と比較するための閾値構成を有する閾値を提供し、前記捕捉された信号が前記閾値を超えると、被検出事象が宣言される、前記識別すること、
第2の被検出事象よりも前の第1の被検出事象のピーク振幅を前記第2の被検出事象のピーク振幅と比較して、前記第1および第2の事象が類似するか、または、相違するかを判定すること、
前記第1および第2の事象が類似する場合、後続の事象を検出するために第1の閾値構成を使用すること、
前記第1および第2の事象が相違する場合、後続の事象を検出するために第2の閾値構成を使用すること
を含み、
前記第2の閾値構成の感度は、前記第1の閾値構成の感度と異なっており、
前記作動回路要素は、さらに、前記第1の閾値構成が、前記第2の閾値構成よりも感度が高い検出閾値を規定するように構成されている、埋め込み型心臓刺激デバイス(ICSD)。 - 前記作動回路要素は、さらに、前記第1の閾値構成が、前記第2の閾値構成よりも感度が低い検出閾値を規定するように構成される、請求項1に記載のICSD。
- 前記作動回路要素は、さらに、調律解析方法を実施するように構成され、前記調律解析方法は、
被検出事象をショック可能またはショック不能として識別し、かつマーク付けするステ
ップと、
被検出事象のセットの中で何個の被検出事象が、ショック可能としてマーク付けされているかを示すX/Yカウンタを保持するステップと、
悪性調律が起こっていることを前記X/Yカウンタが示すかどうか、および悪性調律が起こっている場合、前記悪性調律が、連続する事象のうちの所定の数Nの間、持続したかどうかを判定するステップと
を含み、
前記X/Yカウンタが悪性調律を示し、かつ、前記悪性調律が、連続する事象のうちの前記所定の数Nの間、持続した場合、前記作動回路要素は、さらに、刺激送出に備えて、キャパシタを治療電圧まで充電し始めるように構成される、請求項1に記載のICSD。 - 前記作動回路要素は、前記第1および第2の閾値構成が、少なくとも以下の期間、すなわち、
不応期であって、被検出事象が該不応期の間、宣言されない、前記不応期、
継続期間CTDおよび振幅CTAを有する一定閾値期間、および、
減衰期間であって、前記閾値が、該減衰期間の間、開始振幅DTAから時間と共に変化する、前記減衰期間
を規定するようにさらに構成され、
さらに、
前記第1の閾値構成は、前記第2の閾値構成よりも、長いCTD、ならびに高いCTAおよびDTAを有する、請求項1に記載のICSD。 - 前記作動回路要素は、CTAおよびDTAについての値が、被検出事象において識別されたピークについての推定ピーク値のパーセンテージとして規定されるように構成される、請求項4に記載のICSD。
- 前記作動回路要素は、前記第1および第2の閾値構成が、少なくとも以下の期間、すなわち、
不応期であって、被検出事象が該不応期の間、宣言されない、前記不応期、
継続期間CTDおよび振幅CTAを有する一定閾値期間、
開始振幅TSA、最終振幅TFA、および最大継続期間MDを有する期間、および、
第2の減衰期間であって、前記閾値が、該第2の減衰期間の間、減衰開始振幅DSAからデバイスのノイズ下限まで経時的に変化する、前記第2の減衰期間
を規定するようにさらに構成され、
さらに、
前記第1の閾値構成は、前記第2の閾値構成よりも、長いCTD、ならびに高いCTA、TSA、およびTFAを有する、請求項1に記載のICSD。 - 複数の電極に結合された作動回路要素を収容するキャニスタを備える埋め込み型心臓刺激デバイス(ICSD)であって、前記キャニスタは、前記キャニスタ上に配設された前記複数の電極の少なくとも一部を有するリード線電極組立体に結合され、前記作動回路要素は、方法であって、
電気信号を捕捉し、捕捉された電気信号を検出閾値と比較することによって、患者に埋め込まれている間に、心臓事象を検出すること、
第2の被検出事象よりも前の第1の被検出事象が、前記第2の被検出事象に対して振幅が類似するかどうかを判定すること、
前記第1の被検出事象が、前記第2の被検出事象に対して振幅が類似するかどうかに基づいて、後続の事象検出で使用するための検出閾値構成を選択することであって、
−前記第1および第2の被検出事象が、振幅について類似する場合、第1の検出閾値構成が選択され、
−前記第1および第2の被検出事象が、振幅について類似しない場合、第2の検出閾値構成が選択される、前記選択すること、
選択された前記検出閾値構成および推定ピーク振幅によって規定される検出閾値を使用して後続の事象を検出すること
を含む前記方法を実施するように構成され、
前記作動回路要素は、前記第1の閾値構成が、前記第2の閾値構成よりも高い感度を有するように構成されている、埋め込み型心臓刺激デバイス(ICSD)。 - 前記作動回路要素は、
個々の被検出事象が、振幅について互いに類似するかまたは相違するかに基づいて検出閾値構成を繰返し選択することによって、複数の被検出事象を検出するステップと、
前記複数の被検出事象が、前記患者について高レート状態を示しているかどうかを判定し、高レート状態を示している場合、高レート状態を宣言し、前記高レート状態にある間に、事象を検出する際に使用するための第3の検出閾値構成を選択するステップと、
前記高レート状態にある場合、前記第3の検出閾値構成を使用して、前記高レート状態が、終了することが見出されるまで、または、前記患者の心臓状態が悪性であることが見いだされ、前記ICSDが、心臓治療を準備し、送出して、悪性状態を終了させるまで事象を検出し続けるステップと
を前記方法に含むようにさらに構成される、請求項7に記載のICSD。
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CA2717442C (en) | 2017-11-07 |
CN102056646A (zh) | 2011-05-11 |
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AU2009221694A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
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EP2268358A2 (en) | 2011-01-05 |
EP2268358B1 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
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AU2009221694B2 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
WO2009111764A2 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
CA2717442A1 (en) | 2009-09-11 |
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