JP5452305B2 - Display device and electronic device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a display device and an electronic apparatus.

  Conventionally, as a device that displays stereoscopic images without using special glasses, a parallax barrier or lenticular lens is placed on the viewer side of the display screen of a display panel such as a liquid crystal panel, and each vertical line is displayed on the display screen. There are some images in which light from the right-eye image and the left-eye image that are alternately displayed is separated so that a stereoscopic image can be viewed.

  In the above-described stereoscopic image display device, the optimum observation position is set. For this reason, when the observer moves, the stereoscopic video cannot be viewed at that position. Therefore, a technique is known in which a stereoscopic image can be visually recognized even at the position of the movement destination by moving the light shielding barrier according to the movement direction of the observer (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-164916 A

  By the way, depending on the situation, the stereoscopic image display apparatus may require a multi-view video corresponding to a plurality of observers. However, in the above prior art, it has not been considered to optimize an image to be displayed according to the situation of the observer. Therefore, it has been desired to provide a display device that displays an optimal image according to the observer.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a display device and an electronic apparatus capable of displaying an optimal image according to an observer's observation state.

  In order to achieve the object, the display device of the present invention includes an image display unit, a detection unit that detects a position of the observer with respect to the image display unit, and the image display unit includes a detection result of the detection unit, the observer A two-dimensional image is displayed when the distance to the viewer is longer than the first distance, or a three-dimensional image is displayed when the distance to the observer is shorter than the first distance. Features.

  According to the display device of the present invention, a two-dimensional image or a three-dimensional image can be switched and displayed according to the position of the observer with respect to the image display unit. Therefore, the observer can always visually recognize an optimal image according to his / her position.

In the display device, the image display unit corrects the three-dimensional image according to the position of the observer when the distance to the observer is shorter than a second distance, and the observer When the distance up to is longer than the second distance, it is preferable that the three-dimensional image is visible to a plurality of the observers.
According to this configuration, when the observer is in the vicinity of the image display unit, the three-dimensional image is corrected according to the position of the observer, so that the observer can always recognize a good three-dimensional image. In addition, when the observer is relatively away from the image display unit, the state is visible to a plurality of observers, i.e., switches to a multi-viewpoint three-dimensional image. It is possible to visually recognize a three-dimensional image.

In the display device, it is preferable that the detection unit includes an imaging unit that images the observer.
According to this configuration, since the detection unit can take an image of the observer, the display device can be used as a terminal such as a TV phone, and the added value of the device can be increased.

In the display device, it is preferable that the detection unit is capable of detecting the number of observers.
According to this configuration, it is possible to display an optimal image corresponding to the number of observers.

In the display device, it is preferable that the first distance and the second distance can be changed by the observer.
According to this configuration, the reference for switching between the two-dimensional image and the three-dimensional image can be changed as desired by the observer, and the apparatus is excellent in usability.

Moreover, in the said display apparatus, when the said observer is not detected by the said detection part, it is preferable to turn off the drive of the said image display part.
According to this configuration, since the drive of the image display unit is turned off when there is no observer, power consumption can be suppressed.

  An electronic apparatus according to the present invention includes the display device.

  According to the electronic apparatus of the present invention, since the above-described display device is provided, the electronic apparatus itself is highly reliable so that an observer can visually recognize an optimal image.

1 is a schematic configuration of a stereoscopic video display device using a parallax barrier. It is a schematic structure of the light-shielding barrier comprised with the liquid crystal panel. (A) is a figure which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between the pixel of a liquid crystal panel, and a light shielding barrier, (b) is a principal part enlarged view which shows the arrangement structure of an image transmission part and an image non-transmission part. It is a figure which shows the relationship between an observer's position and an image display state. It is a figure which shows the image observable area | region in the state in which an observer is in suitable viewing distance. It is a figure which shows the area | region where the image for right eyes is observed. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the movement amount of an observer, and the movement amount of an image transmission part. It is the schematic which shows the positional relationship of an observer's moving distance and an image transmission part. It is a table | surface which shows the relationship of the moving direction of an observer, the image visual recognition state, and the moving direction of a barrier. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the light-shielding barrier at the time of displaying a multi-view three-dimensional image. It is a figure which shows the structure of the mobile telephone which concerns on one Embodiment of an electronic device.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment according to a display device and an electronic apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a stereoscopic video display device (display device) using a parallax barrier as an example of a display device according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the stereoscopic image display device 1 includes a liquid crystal panel (image display unit) 3, light shielding, a sensor (detection unit) 100 provided on the liquid crystal panel 3, and a barrier (light shielding unit) 2. Yes.

  The liquid crystal panel 3 can perform two-dimensional image display or three-dimensional image display as will be described later. For example, when displaying a three-dimensional image, the liquid crystal panel 3 displays the left-eye image L and the right-eye image R alternately for each column, and serves as an image separation unit disposed between the viewer H and the viewer. The left-eye image L and the right-eye image R can be spatially separated by the light shielding barrier 2. When the liquid crystal panel 3 displays a two-dimensional image, the light shielding barrier 2 does not function as a barrier.

  The light-shielding barrier 2 has a plurality of image transmission portions corresponding to the right-eye image R and the left-eye image L, and prevents the left-eye image L from entering the right eye of the observer H and the right-eye image. This is to prevent the image R from entering the left eye of the observer H.

  The light shielding barrier 2 according to the present embodiment is composed of a liquid crystal panel including a plurality of vertically striped pixels S. The light shielding barrier 2 includes an image non-transmission part that does not transmit the image of the liquid crystal panel 3 and an image transmission part that transmits the image. Specifically, as will be described later, the light shielding barrier 2 applies each different voltage to the liquid crystal layer corresponding to each pixel S, thereby causing each pixel S to function as an image transmission part or an image non-transmission part.

  The sensor 100 is for detecting the position of the head of the observer H with respect to the liquid crystal panel 3. The sensor 100 according to the present embodiment is composed of, for example, a CCD camera (imaging means) and can image the appearance of the observer H, thereby detecting information such as the position of the observer H and the number of persons. It has become.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of the light-shielding barrier 2 composed of a liquid crystal panel.
As shown in FIG. 2, this liquid crystal panel is provided with a liquid crystal layer 13 between two glass substrates 11 and 12. Polarizing plates 14 and 16 are provided on the outer surfaces of the glass substrates 11 and 12, respectively. Of these two polarizing plates 14 and 16, the polarizing plate 14 on the liquid crystal panel 3 side that displays an image can be shared with a polarizing plate (not shown) of the liquid crystal panel 3. The polarizing plate 14 and the polarizing plate 16 are pasted so that the polarization axes are perpendicular to each other. A transparent electrode 15 is formed on the entire inner surface of one glass substrate 12. The transparent electrode 15 is made of, for example, ITO.

  On the other glass substrate 11, pixel electrodes 10 are provided corresponding to the respective pixels S. A black matrix BM is disposed between adjacent pixel electrodes 10 and always functions as a light shielding portion. When no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 10, the polarization axis of the light selected by the polarizing plate 14 is rotated 90 degrees in accordance with the rotation of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 13 and passes through the polarizing plate 16. On the other hand, when no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 10, the polarization axis of the light selected by the polarizing plate 14 does not rotate in the liquid crystal layer 13 and therefore does not pass through the polarizing plate 16.

  The light shielding barrier 2 is configured such that when a predetermined voltage is selectively applied to the pixel electrode 10, the predetermined pixel S functions as the image transmission part S1 or the image non-transmission part S2. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an arrangement relationship between the pixels 3a for displaying the right-eye image R and the left-eye image L and the light shielding barrier 2 in the liquid crystal panel 3, and FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a planar configuration. FIG. 5B is an enlarged view of a main part showing the arrangement configuration of the image transmission part S1 and the image non-transmission part S2.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, in the light blocking barrier 2, one image transmitting portion S1 corresponds to the two pixels 3a that display the right-eye image R and the left-eye image L of the liquid crystal panel 3. The image transmitted through the liquid crystal panel 3 is separated into left and right, and the image L for the left eye is incident on the left eye of the viewer H and the image R for the right eye is incident on the right eye of the viewer H, respectively. ing. In the present embodiment, the pixels S constituting the image transmission part S1 have a stripe shape, and are set to a size that allows the right-eye image R and the left-eye image L to be separated satisfactorily.

  As shown in FIG. 3B, the interval between the pixels S functioning as the image transmission part S1 of the light shielding barrier 2 is defined as a light shielding part pitch Q. The light shielding barrier 2 includes four pixels S within one light shielding portion pitch Q, and one of the pixels S constitutes an image transmission portion S1 through which an image is transmitted. Further, the other three pixels S within one light shielding portion pitch Q function as an image non-transmissive portion S2. The light blocking barrier 2 selectively applies a predetermined voltage to the pixel electrode 10 to change the position of the image transmission portion S1.

  The light shielding barrier 2 causes the binocular parallax effect by causing only the right-eye image R to be incident on the right eye of the observer H and causing only the left-eye image L to be incident on the left eye of the observer H. Is made visible to the observer H.

  The stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment can switch between two-dimensional image display or three-dimensional image display according to the position of the observer H (that is, the distance between the observer H and the liquid crystal panel 3). .

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the position of the observer H and the image display state. As shown in FIG. 4, the stereoscopic image display device 1 displays a two-dimensional image when the distance between the observer H and the liquid crystal panel 3 is longer than the first distance D1, and is shorter than the first distance D1. In some cases, a three-dimensional image is displayed. This is because the liquid crystal panel 3 displays the image for the right eye and the image for the left eye when displaying the three-dimensional image, so the image quality is inferior to that when displaying the two-dimensional image. This is because displaying a two-dimensional image for the observer H is more visible when the user is at a position farther than the distance D1.

  Furthermore, when the distance between the observer H and the liquid crystal panel 3 is longer than the second distance D2 (D2 or more and less than D1), the stereoscopic image display device 1 displays a multi-viewpoint stereoscopic image. Yes. This is because when there are a plurality of observers H, such a positional relationship is separated from the liquid crystal panel 3. In this case, the sensor 100 can detect the number of observers H by imaging the observer H. As a result, the stereoscopic image display device 1 displays a multi-viewpoint stereoscopic image corresponding to the number of observers H as described later.

  When the distance is shorter than the second distance D2 (less than D2), the three-dimensional image is corrected in accordance with the position of the head of the observer H (hereinafter referred to as a head tracking function). This is because, when there is only one observer H, it is located in the vicinity of the liquid crystal panel 3, and therefore it is desirable to correct so that an optimal stereoscopic image can be visually recognized corresponding to the movement of the single observer H.

  In the present embodiment, for example, a 10-inch liquid crystal panel 3 is used, and the first distance D1 is set to 2 meters, and the second distance D2 is set to 50 centimeters. The first distance D1 and the second distance D2 can be appropriately changed by the observer H according to the size of the liquid crystal panel 3 and the like. Accordingly, since the display can be switched between the two-dimensional image and the three-dimensional image according to the distance desired by the observer H, the display device is excellent in usability.

  First, when the stereoscopic image display device 1 determines that the distance between the observer H and the liquid crystal panel 3 is shorter than the second distance D2, a head tracking function is performed. As shown in FIG. 5, the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 is configured such that the right-eye image R and the left-eye image L have a pitch of the interocular distance E in a state where the observer H is at the optimum observation position (suitable viewing distance D). Are observed alternately. In FIG. 5, “..., R, R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4,...” Is the right eye image observable region, and “. It is an area.

  In the image observation area of each eye, the corresponding eye image is collected from the entire screen of the liquid crystal panel 3. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, for example, when attention is paid to the R2 region in front of the screen, an observable range actually exists at a position slightly moved back and forth. That is, in the rectangular area G in the figure, the right eye image R can be reached from the entire screen, so that the right eye image R can be observed at the upper end or the lower end of the rectangular area G. Yes. Further, the light passing through the R2 region does not reach other than the shaded region in the figure.

  Here, when the observer H is located at an appropriate viewing distance D with respect to the liquid crystal panel 3, only the right-eye image R of the liquid crystal panel 3 passes through the center of the image transmission part S <b> 1 of the light shielding barrier 2 in the right eye. The left-eye image L is shielded by the image non-transmissive portion S2. Further, only the left-eye image L of the liquid crystal panel enters the left eye through the center of the image transmission part S1 of the light-shielding barrier 2, and the right-eye image R is shielded by the image non-transmission part S2.

As shown in FIG. 5 , when the observer H (position between the eyebrows) moves by the interocular distance E, the left eye image L2 enters the right eye of the observer H, and the right eye image R3 enters the left eye. It will be in the reverse viewing state that enters. When the observer H (position between the eyebrows) moves by a half of the interocular distance E, the right eye of the observer H contains a video in which the right-eye image R2 and the left-eye image L2 are mixed, and the left eye Becomes a crosstalk state in which an image in which the image for right eye R3 and the image for left eye L2 are mixed is entered.

  In such a reverse viewing state or a crosstalk state, the observer H cannot observe a good stereoscopic image. On the other hand, the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment can move the position of the image transmission part S1 in the light shielding barrier 2 when the sensor 100 detects that the head of the observer H has moved a predetermined amount in the horizontal direction. It is configured as follows.

In order to eliminate the crosstalk, the position of the image transmission unit S1 may be moved so that the right-eye image R and the left-eye image L pass through the center. Here, with reference to FIG. 7, the relationship between the amount of movement and the image transmission portion S1 of the observer H will be described.

  In FIG. 7, the movement amount of the image transmission part S1 that can pass through the right-eye image R and the left-eye image L is B, the light-shielding part pitch is Q, and the observer's movement distance is E / 2. And At this time, the following expressions (1) and (2) are derived from FIG.

  B: E / 2 = Q / 2: E (Formula 1)

  B = Q / 4 (Formula 2)

  That is, the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment has the light shielding portion pitch Q along the moving direction of the viewer H when the head of the viewer H moves by half the interocular distance E (E / 2). The cross-talk area is prevented from being visually recognized by the observer H by moving the image transmission part S1 by 1/4.

  When the head of the observer H moves by the interocular distance E, as shown in FIG. 7B, the position of the liquid crystal panel 3 with respect to the right eye shifts, and the left-eye image L enters the right eye. This results in a reverse viewing state in which the right-eye image R is incident on the left eye. In order to eliminate such a reverse viewing state, the image transmission unit S1 may be moved so that the right-eye image R and the left-eye image L pass through the center of the image transmission unit S1. That is, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 7B, the image R for the right eye is incident on the right eye by moving the image transmission part S1 by half of the light shielding part pitch Q, and the left eye is incident on the left eye. The image L can be made incident.

  When the head of the observer H moves by the interocular distance E, the stereoscopic image display device 1 observes by moving the image transmission part S1 by 1/2 of the light shielding part pitch Q along the movement direction of the observer H. Head tracking is performed by replacing the image that enters the right eye of the person H and the image that enters the left eye to eliminate the reverse vision state.

  Hereinafter, a state that occurs when the head of the viewer H moves by a half of the interocular distance E (E / 2) when viewed from the liquid crystal panel 3 side is referred to as a left crosstalk state. Further, a state that occurs when the head of the observer H moves rightward by a half of the interocular distance E (E / 2) when viewed from the liquid crystal panel 3 side is referred to as a right crosstalk state. A state that occurs when the head of the observer H moves by the interocular distance E when viewed from the liquid crystal panel 3 side is referred to as a reverse viewing state.

  In the method of visually recognizing a stereoscopic image using a light-shielding barrier as in this embodiment, due to its structure, the viewer H looks back from the right crosstalk state as the head of the viewer H moves to the right as viewed from the liquid crystal panel 3 side. It reaches the state and becomes the left crosstalk state again. That is, when the head of the viewer H moves by a distance of 3E / 2 as viewed from the liquid crystal panel 3 side, the head of the viewer H moves by E / 2 in the left direction as viewed from the liquid crystal panel 3 side. As in the case, the left crosstalk state is entered. The present invention makes use of this characteristic to make it possible to adjust the position of the image transmission part S1 so as to eliminate the left-right crosstalk state or the reverse viewing state that occurs according to the moving direction and moving distance of the head of the observer H. Is.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the moving direction and distance of the observer H and the image transmission part S1 of the light shielding barrier 2. As shown in FIG. FIG. 8A shows the left crosstalk in which the head of the observer H is moved by a half of the interocular distance E (E / 2) in the left direction (referred to as a negative direction for convenience of explanation) when viewed from the liquid crystal panel 3 side. FIG. 8B corresponds to a state where the head of the observer H is located in front of the liquid crystal panel 3, and FIG. 8C shows the liquid crystal panel 3 side. 8 corresponds to a right crosstalk state in which the head of the observer H moves to the right (referred to as + direction for convenience of explanation) by half the interocular distance E (E / 2). (D) corresponds to a reverse viewing state in which the head of the observer H is moved rightward by an interocular distance E when viewed from the liquid crystal panel 3 side, and FIG. 8 (e) is viewed from the liquid crystal panel 3 side. This corresponds to the case where the head of the observer H moves 3E / 2 in the right direction.

  As shown in FIG. 8E, when the head of the observer H moves 3E / 2 in the right direction, the position of the image transmission portion S1 moves from the reference position to the right by 3/4 of the light shielding portion pitch Q. do it. Note that, as described above, when the head of the observer H moves by 3E / 2 in the right direction, the left crosstalk state is set. Therefore, the image transmitting portion S1 is moved from the reference state to the left by a quarter of the light shielding portion pitch Q. By moving, the image transmission part S1 can be moved to the same position (see FIGS. 8A and 8E).

  The relationship between the moving direction of the observer H, the image viewing state, and the moving direction of the barrier is shown in the table of FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment shields the image transmission part S <b> 1 of the light shielding barrier 2 when the sensor 100 detects that the position of the observer H is in the right crosstalk state. It moves by 1/4 of the part pitch Q. Further, when the sensor 100 detects that the position of the observer H is in the reverse viewing state, the stereoscopic image display device 1 moves the image transmission part S1 of the light shielding barrier 2 by ½ of the light shielding part pitch Q. In addition, when the sensor 100 detects that the position of the observer H is in the left crosstalk state, the stereoscopic image display device 1 moves the image transmission part S1 of the light shielding barrier 2 to 3/4 of the light shielding part pitch Q or -1 /. Move 4

  As described above, when the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 detects that the distance between the observer H and the liquid crystal panel 3 is shorter than the second distance D2 by the sensor 100, the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 corresponds to the image viewing state of the observer H. The image transmission part S1 is moved in the direction (see FIG. 9), and thus a good stereoscopic image can be visually recognized by the observer H.

  Multi-view stereoscopic display is performed when the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 determines that the distance between the observer H and the liquid crystal panel 3 is longer than the second distance D2 and shorter than the first distance D1. In this description, a case where there are two observers H (first observer H1 and second observer H2) in front of the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 will be described.

  FIG. 10A shows a schematic configuration diagram when the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 displays a normal (one viewpoint) stereoscopic image, and FIG. 10B shows a stereoscopic view in which the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 has two viewpoints. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram when displaying an image. FIG. For convenience of explanation, in FIG. 10A, the number of image transmission portions S1 is four, and the number of pixels 3a of the liquid crystal panel 3 is eight.

The stereoscopic image display device 1 detects the number of observers H by the sensor 100. In the present embodiment, the first observer H1 and the second observer H2 are detected.
As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, when switching from one viewpoint to a two-viewpoint stereoscopic image, the stereoscopic image display apparatus 1 reduces the number of image transmission parts S1 from four to two. The light shielding barrier 2 is driven. As a result, the stereoscopic image can be favorably viewed even by the second observer H2 who is at a different position from the first observer H1.

  In this description, the case where the observer H switches to the two viewpoints has been described. However, when switching to the four viewpoints, the light shielding barrier 2 may be driven so that the number of the image transmission parts S1 is reduced from four to one. It should be noted that the present invention is naturally applicable to the case of displaying a stereoscopic image having four or more viewpoints.

  When the stereoscopic image display device 1 determines that the distance between the observer H and the liquid crystal panel 3 is longer than the first distance D1, the stereoscopic image display device 1 displays a two-dimensional image. At this time, when the liquid crystal panel 3 displays a two-dimensional image, all the pixels S function as the image transmission part S1. Thereby, the image displayed on all the pixels S of the liquid crystal panel 3 is visually recognized by the eyes of the observer H. Therefore, a favorable two-dimensional image can be visually recognized by the eyes of the observer H.

  Note that the stereoscopic image display device 1 is configured to turn off the display of the liquid crystal panel 3 when the sensor 100 does not detect the observer H. Thereby, the power consumption of the liquid crystal panel 3 can be suppressed. In the above description, the case where the light shielding barrier 2 is used as the image separation means has been described. However, a lenticular lens can also be used.

(Electronics)
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing an example of an electronic apparatus according to the invention. A cellular phone 1300 shown in the figure includes the display device of the present invention as a small-sized display portion 1301 and includes a plurality of operation buttons 1302, an earpiece 1303, and a mouthpiece 1304. The display device of the embodiment is not limited to the mobile phone, but is an electronic book, a personal computer, a digital still camera, a liquid crystal television, a viewfinder type or a monitor direct-view type video tape recorder, a car navigation device, a pager, an electronic notebook, a calculator. , Word processor, workstation, POS terminal, device equipped with touch panel, etc., can be used suitably as an image display means, and provides a highly reliable electronic device capable of displaying a good stereoscopic image in any electronic device can do. Note that the stereoscopic image display device 1 according to the above embodiment can be suitably used as a videophone because the observer H can be imaged as the sensor 100.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to such examples. Various shapes, combinations, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above-described examples are examples, and various modifications can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention.

H: observer, S ... pixel, S1 ... image transmitting portion, S2 ... image non-transmitting portion, D1 ... first distance, D2 ... second distance, 1 ... stereoscopic image display device (display device), 2 ... light shielding Barrier (light shielding means), 3 ... Liquid crystal panel (image display unit), 100 ... Sensor (detection unit), 1300 ... Mobile phone (electronic device)

Claims (7)

An image display unit;
A detection unit for detecting the position of an observer with respect to the image display unit ,
The image display unit, the detection result of the detection unit, the distance to the observer to view a two-dimensional image is longer than the first distance, than the distance distance the first to the observer 3D image is displayed when short ,
When displaying the three-dimensional image, when the distance to the observer is shorter than the second distance, the three-dimensional image is corrected according to the position of the observer, and the distance to the observer is A display device in which the three-dimensional image is visible to a plurality of observers when the distance is longer than the second distance .   The relationship between the first distance and the second distance is:
  The display device according to claim 1, wherein the first distance> the second distance. Wherein the detection unit is a display device according to 請 Motomeko 1 or 2 ing from the imaging means for imaging the observer. Wherein the detection unit, a display device according to any one of the detectable der Ru請 Motomeko 1-3 the number of the observer. The observer display device according to claim 1 which is capable of changing the first distance and the second distance. Wherein when said viewer is not detected by the detecting unit, a display device according to any one of Ofusu Ru請 Motomeko 1-5 the driving of the image display unit. Bei obtain an electronic apparatus display device according to any one of claims 1-6.

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