JP5440789B2 - How to change gear grinding wheels - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for changing a grinding wheel for gear grinding, and more specifically, grinding a gear with a grinding wheel, dressing the grinding wheel with a dresser when the grinding ability of the grinding wheel is reduced, and the grinding stone reaches a use limit. The present invention relates to a method for changing a grinding wheel for gear grinding that is replaced with a new grinding wheel when the wheel reaches the wheel.

  In a gear grinding machine that grinds the tooth surface of a workpiece to be a gear with a grindstone and finishes it to a predetermined accuracy, generally, as shown in FIG. 4, the teeth of the workpiece W to be a gear supported rotatably around an axis R A grindstone 1 that grinds the surface and a dresser 2 that dresses the grindstone 1, and the grinding wheel 1 is shifted to the workpiece setup position WP or the dress setup position DP and is ground at a position corresponding to the workpiece W and the dresser 2. It is configured to perform dressing.

  In the gear grinding machine as described above, generally, as shown in FIG. 7, when the grindstone 1 that has been used for grinding reaches the use limit and is replaced with a new grindstone 1 (S1), the gear grinder is replaced. Dress setup is performed to align the teeth between the new grindstone 1 and the dresser 2 (S2), and the dress setup positional relationship data such as the relative coordinates and rotation phase between the new grindstone 1 and the dresser 2 are read (S3). (S4), balancing is performed to adjust the balance of the grindstone 1 (S5), and then the workpiece W to be a gear is rotatably supported and the workpiece W and the grindstone 1 are engaged with each other. Setup is performed (S6), workpiece positional relationship data such as the relative rotation phase and relative coordinates between the workpiece W and the grindstone 1 are read (S7), and the processing position of the grindstone 1 with respect to the workpiece W is read. And it was confirmed by visual observation (S8), as shown in FIG. 5, and grinding the tooth surface of the workpiece W by the grinding wheel 1 (S9). By repeating the grinding process, the grindstone 1 becomes clogged, the grinding ability such as sharpness is reduced, and the workpiece W cannot be ground accurately due to wear. For this reason, the number of times that the workpiece W cannot be accurately ground (the number of workpieces W to be ground) or the like is set in advance, and the dresser 2 is set for each predetermined number of times as shown in FIG. Thus, the grindstone 1 is dressed (S4), the grinding ability of the grindstone 1 is restored, the dimensional accuracy of the grindstone 1 is restored, and the workpiece W is ground again (S9). The dressing of the grindstone 1 is performed while being fully automatically controlled by a gear grinding machine. When the grindstone 1 reaches a use limit that cannot be recovered by dressing, the grindstone 1 that has reached this use limit is replaced with a new grindstone 1 (S1). In the conventional general technique, dress setup (S2), work setup (S6), and the like are repeatedly performed every time the grindstone 1 is replaced.

JP 2004-276222 A

  However, in the prior art shown in FIG. 7, since the dress setup and the workpiece setup for each workpiece W are performed each time the grinding wheel is replaced as described above, time is required for the grinding process and the grinding wheel replacement. Therefore, gears could not be produced efficiently.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and with a simple configuration, a grindstone that has reached the use limit is easily replaced in a short time, and a gear is manufactured by accurately grinding a workpiece in a short time. An object of the present invention is to provide a gear grinding wheel changing method that can be used.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to the gear grinding wheel changing method according to claim 1 grinds a workpiece to be a gear with a grindstone, and when the grinding ability of the grindstone is reduced, the grindstone is removed with a dresser. A gear grinding wheel replacement method that performs dressing and replaces the wheel with a new one when the wheel reaches the limit of use. The initial work position relation data reading process for reading and storing the work position relation data, and the dress position relation data reading process for performing dress setup for aligning each grindstone with the dresser and reading the dress position relation data are exchanged. From the new whetstone dressing position relation data, calculate the displacement of the new whetstone exchanged for the initial work position relation data. A calculation step of determining the location of a new grinding wheel which is the replacement and is characterized in that it comprises a.

In the invention related to the gear grinding wheel changing method according to claim 1, the grindstone first attached to the gear grinding machine performs work setup for gearing with the work and reads and stores the work positional relationship data. An initial work position relationship data reading step and a dress setup position relationship data reading step for performing dress setup for matching teeth with the dresser and reading the dress setup position relationship data are performed. And when the grinding performance of the workpiece is repeated, the grinding stone is dressed with a dresser when the grinding ability of the grinding stone is reduced, the grinding stone is regenerated, the workpiece is repeatedly ground again, and the grinding stone reaches the use limit Then, replace the whetstone that has reached this use limit with a new whetstone. For the new grindstone that has been replaced, a dress setup positional relationship data reading process is performed in which dress setup is performed to align the teeth with the dresser and the dress setup positional relationship data is read. Then, from the exchanged position data of the new grindstone, a calculation process for calculating the displacement of the exchanged new grindstone with respect to the previously read initial work position relation data and determining the position of the exchanged new grindstone The workpiece is ground with a new grindstone that has been replaced according to the determined position . When a new grindstone is exchanged, the deviation of the new grindstone exchanged with respect to the initial work position relation data read in advance is calculated from the dress position relation data of the new grindstone that has been exchanged, and according to the determined position. Since the workpiece can be ground with the new grindstone that has been exchanged, there is no need to actually set up the workpiece of the exchanged grindstone.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, an initial work position relationship data reading step of performing work setup for aligning the first mounted grindstone with the work and reading and storing the work position relation data, and each grindstone and dresser are performed. From the dress position relationship data reading process to read the dress position relationship data by performing the dress setup to match the tooth and the dress position relationship data of the new wheel that has been replaced, By calculating the displacement and calculating the position of the new wheel that has been replaced, it includes a calculation process, and when the wheel that has reached the limit of use is replaced with a new one, since determined by calculating the work position relationship data with respect to the workpiece, Wakuse' new wheels and the replacement Can be omitted process actually performs up, it can be replaced in a short time may easily precision grinding wheel when it reaches its limit grinding accurately gear.

It is the block diagram shown in order to demonstrate the process of this invention performed with respect to the grindstone attached initially. It is the block diagram shown in order to demonstrate the process of this invention performed with respect to the new grindstone replaced | exchanged. According to the present invention, based on the initial workpiece positional relationship data and the dress setup positional relationship data, a calculation process for calculating the workpiece positional relationship data necessary for aligning the new grindstone and the workpiece exchanged will be described. It is the conceptual diagram shown for this purpose. It is the perspective view shown notionally in order to demonstrate the general structure of the gear grinding machine to which this invention is applied. It is the elements on larger scale conceptually shown in order to explain the state where the tooth surface of the work used as a gear is ground with a grindstone. It is the elements on larger scale conceptually shown in order to explain the state where the grindstone is dressed with the dresser. It is the block diagram shown in order to demonstrate the conventional general process which performs grinding with a grindstone, and dressing with a dresser.

First, an embodiment of a gear grinding machine to which the gear grinding wheel changing method of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS.
As conceptually shown in FIG. 4, the gear grinding machine includes a support mechanism that supports a work W serving as a gear rotatably around an axis R, a grindstone 1 that grinds the tooth surface of the work W, and a grindstone 1. A dresser 2 for dressing the workpiece, and a grindstone support means for shifting the grindstone 1 to a workpiece setup position WP and a dress setup position DP, sending the grindstone 1 to a predetermined position corresponding to the workpiece W or the dresser 2, and rotatably supporting the workpiece about the Z axis. It has. In this embodiment, the gear to be manufactured is a spur gear, and the grindstone 1 is formed into a screw shape. Here, regarding the movement direction of the grindstone 1 with respect to the workpiece W and the dresser 2, the shift movement between the workpiece setup position WP and the dress setup position DP is Z-axis direction, and the feed of the grindstone 1 in the vertical direction is Y-axis direction. The incision of the grindstone 1 with respect to the workpiece W and the dresser 2 in the approaching / retreating direction is the X-axis direction, the inclination (turning angle) with respect to a plane (horizontal plane) orthogonal to the rotation axis R of the workpiece W is θ, The rotation around the Z axis is S, and the rotation of the dresser 2 is T.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 using the gear grinding machine configured as described above. The gear grinding wheel changing method according to the present invention is generally performed by grinding a workpiece W to be a gear with the grindstone 1 and dressing the grindstone 1 with the dresser 2 when the grinding ability of the grindstone 1 is reduced. 1 is replaced with a new grindstone 1 when the use limit is reached, and a work set-up (S6 in FIG. 1) for aligning the first mounted grindstone 1 and the work W is performed and the first time Work position relation data is read (S7 in FIG. 1) and stored (S10 in FIG. 1). Initial work position relation data reading process and dress setup for performing tooth alignment with each grindstone 1 and dresser 2 (S2, FIG. 1) 2 of S2) performs reads the address set-up positional relationship data dress up positional relationship data reading step (S3 in FIG. 1, S3 in FIG. 2), a new abrasive replacing Contains from 1 dress positional relationship data, and calculating a new deviation of the grinding wheel 1 has been replaced to the initial work position relationship data, and a calculation step of determining the location of a new grinding wheel 1 that the exchange (S12 in FIG. 2) It is out.

  First, the grindstone 1 attached to the gear grinding machine is dressed up so as to mesh with the dresser 2 at the dress setup position DP (S2 in FIG. 1), and the dress setup positional relationship data is read (S3 in FIG. 1). The initial dressing is performed (S4 in FIG. 1), and the grindstone 1 is balanced (S5 in FIG. 1). These dress setup (S2 in FIG. 1), reading of dress setup positional relationship data (S3 in FIG. 1), initial dressing (S4 in FIG. 1), and balancing of the grindstone 1 (in FIG. 1) S5) is also performed every time the later grindstone 1 is replaced. Then, the workpiece W to be a gear is supported by the support mechanism of the gear grinding machine, the grindstone 1 is shifted to the workpiece setup position WP, and the workpiece setup for aligning the grindstone 1 and the workpiece W is performed (S6 in FIG. 1). ), Read the initial work position relation data such as the relative coordinates of the grindstone 1 and the work W and the rotation phase (coordinate of the center axis of the work W) (S7 in FIG. 1), and confirm the processing position of the grindstone 1 with respect to the work W Then (S8 in FIG. 1), the workpiece W is repeatedly ground (S9 in FIG. 1). By repeating the grinding process, the grindstone 1 becomes clogged, the grinding ability such as sharpness is reduced, and the workpiece W cannot be ground accurately due to wear. For this reason, when the grinding ability of the grindstone 1 decreases, for example, every time a predetermined number of workpieces W are ground, the grindstone 1 is shifted from the work setup position WP to the dress setup position DP, and dressed by the dresser 2 for grinding. The ability is restored and the workpiece W is shaped so that it can be accurately ground (S4 in FIG. 1), and the grindstone 1 is again shifted from the dress setup position DP to the workpiece setup position WP to grind the workpiece W (S9 in FIG. 1). )I do. The grinding process (S9 in FIG. 1) on the workpiece W and the dressing (S4 in FIG. 1) on the grindstone 1 after a plurality of grinding processes are repeatedly performed until the grindstone 1 reaches the use limit. Further, before the use limit of the grindstone 1 is reached, the previously read dress setup positional relationship data (S3 in FIG. 1) and the workpiece positional relationship data (S7 in FIG. 1) are calculated by the calculation means of the control device. It memorize | stores in a storage medium etc. (S10 of FIG. 1).

  When the grindstone 1 reaches the limit of use, such as when the grinding ability of the grindstone 1 cannot be recovered even after dressing, or when the dimension becomes such that the workpiece W can be ground with high precision, the grinding wheel 1 reaches the limit of use. The grindstone 1 is replaced with a new grindstone 1 (S1 in FIG. 2). The new grindstone 1 that has been exchanged is dressed again with the dresser 2 at the dress setup position DP (S2 in FIG. 2), and the dress setup positional relationship data is read (S3 in FIG. 2). Dressing is performed (S4 in FIG. 2), and the grindstone 1 is balanced (S5 in FIG. 2).

Here, when the grindstone 1 that has reached the use limit is replaced with a new one, in the conventional technique (see FIG. 7), it is necessary to perform work setup for aligning the workpiece W with each replacement of the grindstone 1. On the other hand, in the present invention, the displacement of the new grindstone 1 that has been exchanged with respect to the initial work position relation data is calculated from the dress position relation data of the new grindstone 1 that has been exchanged, and the new grindstone that has been exchanged The position when the work of 1 is set up is determined, that is, the work position relation data for the work of the replaced new grindstone 1 is obtained (S12 in FIG. 2). Below, the calculation for determining the position when the workpiece of the new grindstone 1 that has been replaced is set up will be described with reference to FIG.

The symbols shown in FIG. 3 are as follows.
DP: Position at the time of dress setup WP: Position at the time of initial work setup WP ': Position at the time of work setup of a new replaced stone A: Horizontal from the machine origin position to the position WP at the time of initial work setup Length A ′: Horizontal length from the machine origin position to the position WP ′ when the workpiece is set up B: Horizontal direction between the position WP when the workpiece is set up for the first time and the position DP when the dress is set up B ′: Horizontal offset amount of the position WP ′ when the workpiece is set up from the position DP at the time of dress setup of the replaced new grindstone C: The position DP at the time of dress setup from the machine origin position Horizontal direction between D: Initial work setup from the origin position in the Z direction Length in the Z direction to the position WP when it is done D ': Length in the Z direction from the Z direction origin position to the position WP' when setting up the workpiece E: Z between the Z direction origin position and the machine origin position Length of direction θ: Angle of inclination of threaded grinding wheel with respect to horizontal direction R: Coordinate of workpiece center axis

  The storage medium of the calculation means of the control device for the gear grinding machine includes the length E in the Z direction between the Z-direction origin position and the machine origin position, the inclination angle θ with respect to the horizontal direction of the screw-shaped grindstone 1, and the first time As the work position relation data and dress setup position relation data, the horizontal length A from the machine origin position to the position WP when the first work setup is performed, and the Z direction from the Z direction origin position to the position WP when the first work setup is performed , The horizontal length C between the machine origin position and the position DP when dressed up, and the coordinates of the center axis R of the workpiece W are stored. The calculation means obtains workpiece positional relationship data for the workpiece of the new grindstone 1 that has been replaced by performing the following calculation using these stored data.

  As shown in (1) of FIG. 3, the horizontal offset amount B of the position WP when the workpiece 1 is set up for the first time from the position DP when the dressing is set up is the value when the dressing setup is performed from the machine origin position. It can be obtained by the difference between the horizontal length C between the position DP and the horizontal length A from the machine origin position to the position WP when the initial work setup is performed. The length A is (Z Substituting the difference between the length F in the Z direction between the direction origin position and the machine origin position and the length D in the Z direction from the Z direction origin position to the position WP when the workpiece is set up for the first time) It can ask for. Further, as shown in (2) of FIG. 3, the rotational phase (position) of the workpiece when the workpiece is set up for the first time can be expressed by the coordinates of the central axis R of the workpiece.

  Further, as shown in (3) of FIG. 3, the horizontal offset amount B ′ of the position WP ′ when setting up the new grindstone 1 that has been replaced from the position DP when dressing is set up is the machine origin position. From the difference between the horizontal length C from the position DP when dressing up to the position DP and the horizontal length A ′ from the machine origin position to the position WP ′ when setting up the workpiece, The length A ′ includes (the length E in the Z direction between the Z-direction origin position and the machine origin position, and the Z-direction length D ′ from the Z-direction origin position to the position WP ′ when setting up the workpiece) Difference) × cos θ can be obtained.

  As shown in (4) of FIG. 3, the displacement amount of the position of the workpiece setup position WP ′ of the new replaced abrasive 1 from the initial workpiece setup position WP is the above (3) and (1). The rotation phase (position) of the workpiece W when setting up the new grindstone 1 that has been replaced as shown in (5) of FIG. ) Can be obtained by adding the deviation (4) to (2), which is the coordinate of the center axis R of the workpiece W.

  The control device of the gear grinding machine uses the offset amount B ′ (3) obtained by calculation as described above as the workpiece position relation data for the workpiece W of the new wheel 1 that has been replaced, and the new wheel 1 that has been replaced. From the position (5) of the workpiece W when setting up the workpiece, the position WP ′ when the workpiece of the new wheel 1 that has been replaced is set is determined, and the new wheel 1 that has been replaced is determined according to this position WP ′. The grinding process for the workpiece W is started. In the present invention, as in the conventional general technique, every time the grindstone 1 is replaced, the workpiece is actually set up (see S6 in FIG. 7) and the workpiece positional relationship data is read (see S7 in FIG. 7). Since this step can be omitted, the grindstone 1 that has reached the use limit can be easily replaced in a short time, and the workpiece W can be accurately ground to produce a gear.

  Subsequently, in the same manner as shown in FIG. 1, the processing position of the grindstone 1 with respect to the workpiece W is confirmed (S8 in FIG. 2), and the grinding of the workpiece W is repeatedly performed (S9 in FIG. 2). When the grinding ability is lowered, the grindstone 1 is shifted from the workpiece setup position WP to the dress setup position DP, and dressing is performed by the dresser 2 so that the grinding ability can be recovered and the workpiece W can be accurately ground (FIG. 2). S4), the grindstone 1 is again shifted from the dress setup position DP to the workpiece setup position WP, and the workpiece W is ground (S9 in FIG. 2). When the grindstone 1 reaches the use limit, Replace with a new one (S1 in FIG. 2).

  The present invention is not limited to the case where a spur gear is manufactured by grinding the tooth surface of the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece. For example, when manufacturing another gear such as a helical gear, an internal gear, or a rack. Can also be applied.

  W: Work to be a gear, 1: Grinding wheel, 2: Dresser

Claims (1)

A grinding wheel for gear grinding that grinds a workpiece to be a gear with a grindstone, dresses the grindstone with a dresser when the grinding ability of the grindstone decreases, and replaces the grindstone with a new grindstone when the grindstone reaches the use limit. A changeover method,
Initial work position relation data reading step for performing work setup for aligning the first mounted grindstone with the work and reading and storing the work position relation data;
A dress position relationship data reading step for performing dress setup for matching the teeth between each grindstone and the dresser and reading the dress position relationship data;
From the dress position relationship data of the replaced new whetstone, calculate the displacement of the replaced new whetstone with respect to the initial workpiece position relationship data, and determine the position of the replaced new whetstone ,
A method for changing a grinding wheel for gear grinding, comprising:

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