JP5438921B2 - Work vice - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a work vise used for fixing a work to a table or the like of a machine tool, and more particularly to a work vise in which a moving base that is advanced and retracted by a screw action can be advanced and retracted by a fluid pressure.

  The work vise is used to fix a work to a table of a machine tool. The work vise has two bases for fixing and moving, and grips and fixes the work with the two bases. The fixed base is a base that determines the position of the workpiece processing reference. The fixed base does not necessarily need to be fixed, but the position is fixed compared to the moving base. The moving base grips and opens the workpiece by its forward / backward movement. Further, when the size of the workpiece changes, the moving base is usually moved forward and backward to correspond to the workpiece size. The manual work vise has a screw rod for moving the moving base forward and backward. The operator adjusts the position of the moving base and grips / releases the workpiece by turning the screw rod clockwise or counterclockwise.

  In a work vise in which a moving jaw (slide table) on which a moving base is mounted is connected to the base with a screw rod, the screw rod must be rotated many times when the position of the moving base corresponds to the workpiece size. In order to eliminate this hassle, a moving table that is guided in the same direction as the moving jaw is provided adjacent to the anti-fixed base side of the moving jaw, and this moving table can be locked to the base at multiple positions with a knock pin or the like. A structure is used in which the moving table and the moving jaw are connected with a screw rod. In this structure, when moving the moving base in accordance with the workpiece size, the position of the moving base is roughly set by moving the moving base largely, and the position of the moving base is set minutely by turning the screw rod. As a result, the position of the moving base corresponding to the workpiece dimensions can be quickly set.

  The work vise includes a structure in which the moving base is manually advanced and retracted and a structure in which the moving base is advanced and retracted by fluid pressure. When machining a small number of workpieces, a manual one is convenient, but when machining a large number of workpieces, a fluid pressure structure is convenient. If the moving base can be manually advanced and retracted with one vise and the moving base can be advanced and retracted with fluid pressure, the work vise can be easily used.

  The work vise with the fluid pressure structure is likely to be wasted in the moving stroke of the moving base when the work is gripped and released. A normal workpiece can be loaded and unloaded on the vice with a slight retraction of the moving base. When a workpiece with a fluid pressure structure is held and released, the workpiece moves by the stroke of the fluid pressure device, so movement of the moving base is wasted, the amount of pressure fluid is increased, and power is wasted. And the time required for gripping and releasing the workpiece becomes longer.

  This problem can be improved by providing the above-mentioned moving table and adopting a structure in which the moving table and the moving jaw are connected by a fluid pressure device (such as a cylinder), but the position where the moving table is fixed with a knock pin or the like. Since the mutual distance is considerably larger than the stroke required for gripping and releasing the workpiece, the above problem cannot be solved sufficiently.

  Furthermore, a vise that can hold and release a workpiece by both fluid pressure and manual operation generally has a complicated structure and a large width dimension of the vise.

  According to the present invention, the workpiece can be gripped / released by either manual operation or fluid pressure, and the minimum necessary advance / retreat stroke can be set for the moving base during the fluid pressure operation. It is an object to provide a compact work vice whose dimensions do not increase.

In the present invention, a structure in which a slide base 19 corresponding to a movable jaw and a base 3 or a movable base 18 locked to a plurality of predetermined positions is connected via a screw rod 23 and a screw advance / retreat member 50 is adopted. doing. The screw retreating member 50 is screwed into a screw rod 23 that is rotatably supported by the base 3 or the moving base 18 but is not axially movable. A reverse structure, that is, a structure in which a screw rod that is rotatably supported by the screw advance / retreat member 50 and is not movable in the axial direction is screwed to the moving base 18 may be employed. The slide table 19 is movable in the advance / retreat direction (the direction in which the workpiece is gripped and released) with respect to the screw advance / retreat member 50. In the advance direction, the slide table 19 is provided on the outer periphery of the screw advance / retreat member 50 or the inner periphery of the slide table 19. 47 and is urged toward the flange 47 by the fluid pressure of the compression spring 56 and the return side fluid chamber 65 in the retracting direction. In other words, the slide table 19 is sandwiched between the flange 47 and the spring 56 or the urging force of the fluid pressure, and moves forward and backward together with the screw advance / retreat member 50 by manually rotating the screw rod 23.

  A fluid chamber 59 is formed between the screw advance / retreat member 50 and the slide base 19 or the moving base 15 fixed thereto. In the illustrated embodiment, a fluid chamber 59 is formed between the piston plate 54 in the cylinder hole 46 and the head member 57. When the fluid pressure is supplied to the fluid chamber, the slide table 19 further advances from the position of the screw advance / retreat member 50 set by the screw rod 23, and when the fluid pressure is released, the screw advance / retreat member 50 set by the screw rod 23. Return to the position.

  When operating manually, by rotating the screw rod 23, the slide base 19 and the moving base 15 fixed to the slide base 19 are moved forward and backward together with the screw advance / retreat member 50 to grip and release the workpiece. On the other hand, when operating by fluid pressure, the slide base 19 is moved slightly backward from the workpiece gripping position by manual rotation of the screw rod 23, that is, the slide base 19 is moved to the position where the work is loaded and unloaded. The workpiece is gripped and released by supplying and releasing the fluid pressure to the fluid chamber 59 at the position.

The work vise according to the invention of claim 1 of this application includes a slide base 19 that moves forward and backward on the slide guide 5 provided on the base 3 and grips / releases the work with a moving base 15 attached thereto. The slide table 19 is a work vise that advances and retreats with a screw rod 23 parallel to the slide guide 5, and the slide table 19 includes a slide hole 45 on an extension of the screw rod 23, and the slide hole 45 has the screw rod 23. is screwed forward and backward member 50 is screwed is fitted so as not to slidably and rotates in, the slide base 19 biases the flange 47 and the slide table 19 provided in front Kinishi reciprocating member 50 in the retracted direction It is sandwiched in the forward / backward direction by an urging force, and advances and retreats together with the screw advance / retreat member by the rotation of the screw rod 23, and is formed between the screw advance / retreat member 50 and the slide base 19 or the moving base 15 fixed thereto. Advances by supplying fluid pressure to the fluid chamber 59, by releasing the fluid pressure, a work vice, characterized in that the retracted to the position of contact with the flange 47 by the urging force.

The work vise according to the second aspect of the present invention is the work vice according to the first aspect, wherein the slide table 19 includes the flange 57 and a compression spring 56 that urges the slide table 19 in the retracting direction. sandwiched moving direction forward and backward together with the screw advancing and retracting member 50 by rotation of the threaded rod 23, by supplying fluid pressure to the fluid chamber 59, it advances against the spring force of the compression spring 56, By releasing the fluid pressure, the work vice is retracted to a position where it comes into contact with the flange 47 by the spring force of the compression spring 56.

The work vise according to claim 3 of the present application is the work vise according to claim 1, wherein the slide table 19 is a fluid in the return side fluid chamber 65 that urges the flange 57 and the slide table in the retracting direction. sandwiched its moving direction by the pressure to advance and retreat with the screw advancing and retracting member 50 by rotation of the threaded rod 23, it advances by supplying fluid pressure to the fluid chamber 59, by releasing the fluid pressure The work vise is retracted to a position where it comes into contact with the flange 47 by the fluid pressure of the return side fluid chamber 65.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a work device having a simple structure that can be operated manually or by fluid pressure. Since the retreat position of the moving base 15 at the time of fluid pressure operation can be set by the rotation position of the screw rod 23, the opening / closing stroke of the moving base 15 at the time of fluid pressure operation can be set to the minimum necessary stroke. Further, by forming the fluid chamber 59 between the tip (moving base side) of the screw advance / retreat member 50 and the back of the moving base 15, manual operation and fluid pressure operation can be performed without increasing the width of the vise. We can provide a work device that has been made possible.

  Hereinafter, an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 3, the work vise 1 shown in the figure includes an elongated base 3 having an inverted T-shaped cross section having ridges 2 at lower portions on both sides, and is an inverted L shape that is locked to the ridge 2. It is fixed to a table or the like of a machine tool through the piece 4. The upper portion of the base 3 is a slide guide 5, and concave grooves 6, 6 extending in the longitudinal direction are provided on both side surfaces of the slide guide 5.

A fixed jaw 9 is fixed to one end of the base. A fixed base 12 is fixed to the fixed jaw 9 with screws 13. The moving base 15 facing the fixed base 12 is fixed with a screw 16 to a slide base 19 slidably mounted on the slide guide 5. A moving table 18 is slidably mounted on the slide guide 5 adjacent to the side of the slide table 19 opposite to the fixed base. As shown in FIG. 8 , on one side surface of the base 3, knock holes 17 having a center near the lower side of the groove 6 are provided along the slide guide 5 at a constant pitch. The depth of the knock hole 17 is deeper than the depth of the concave groove 6.

The mobile platform side bottom of the slide base side portion and the slide table 19 of the transfer Dodai 18, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, are notched by the same dimensions R. Due to this notch, a receiving portion 18a extending toward the slide base is formed at the lower portion of the moving base 18, and a convex portion 19a extending toward the moving base is formed at the upper portion of the slide base 19, and the upper surface of the receiving portion 18a and the convex portion 19a are formed. Are in surface contact with each other to form a slide surface 20 parallel to the slide guide 5. Furthermore, from the moving table side end surface of the convex portion 19 a, a collar portion 38 having a gate-shaped cross section extends integrally above the moving table 18.

  The movable table 18 is integrally provided with a bearing portion 24 and a leg portion 25 extending under the bearing portion 24. The bearing portion 24 rotatably supports a screw base 23 that advances and retracts the slide base 19 and thus the moving base 15 toward and away from the fixed base 12. The leg portion 25 is in sliding contact with both side surfaces of the slide guide 5 to guide the moving table 18 along the slide guide 5. The screw rod 23 is integrally provided with a thrust rod 21, and this thrust rod is fitted to the end portion of the bearing portion 24 so as not to move in the axial direction. The bearing portion 24 is narrower than the leg portion 25, and both shoulder surfaces of the leg portion 25 are horizontal guide surfaces 26 that are flush with the slide surface 20. The receiving portion 18a is formed in a shape in which the leg portion 25 is extended as it is toward the slide base. A vertical guide surface 27 orthogonal to the horizontal guide surface 26 is formed on the side wall of the bearing portion 24. Protrusions 28 that fit into the recessed grooves 6 are provided inside the leg portions 25 on both sides, and knock pins 29 that fit into the knock holes 17 of the base are mounted so as to be able to protrude and retract inward.

  The slide table 19 includes a leg portion 34 that is in sliding contact with both side surfaces of the slide guide 5 and a protrusion 35 that fits into the concave groove 6 inside the lower end thereof, and is slidable along the slide guide 5. The gate-shaped flange portion 38 extending from the convex portion 19a of the slide base toward the movable table extends so as to cover the bearing portion 24 of the movable table, and the lower surface 39 of this flange portion is the horizontal guide surface 26 of the movable table. In addition, the side wall inner surface 41 of the flange portion is in sliding contact with the vertical guide surface 27 of the bearing portion 24. The length of the flange portion 38 is slightly longer than the arrangement pitch of the knock holes 17 of the base, and even when the moving base and the slide base are separated from each other, the flange 38 is not detached from the bearing portion 24, and Prevents chips from entering.

  The slide table 19 is provided with a stepped hole having a slide hole 45 on the moving table side and a cylinder hole 46 having a larger diameter on the moving base side on the extension of the screw rod 23 pivotally supported by the moving table 18. ing. The stepped hole is provided with a cylindrical screw advance / retreat member 50 provided with an outer peripheral flange 47 at the base end, a male screw 48 provided at the outer periphery of the tip, and a female screw 49 screwed into the screw rod 23 on the inner peripheral base end side. The hole 45 is slidably inserted. An axial key groove 51 is provided at one location on the outer periphery of the screw advance / retreat member 50, and an anti-rotation member 52 that protrudes from the inner periphery of the slide hole 45 is inserted into the key groove to rotate the screw advance / retreat member 50. Is blocking.

  A piston plate 54 with an O-ring 53 mounted on the outer periphery is screwed onto the male screw 48 at the tip of the screw advance / retreat member 50 like a screw-in type cap. A compression coil spring 56 is mounted between the piston plate 54 and the step 55 at the base end of the cylinder hole. The compression coil spring 56 presses the outer peripheral flange 47 of the screw advance / retreat member against the proximal end of the slide base 19. Accordingly, when the screw rod 23 is turned left and right, the screw advance / retreat member 50 advances and retreats in the axial direction, and the slide table 19 also advances and retreats accordingly.

  A head member 57 having an O-ring 53 mounted on the outer periphery is fitted at the tip of the cylinder hole 46. The head member 57 is integrally provided with a spacer 58 that defines a minimum clearance with the piston plate 54. A fluid chamber 59 is formed between the piston plate 54 and the head member 57 in the cylinder hole 46. A through hole 60 for pressure fluid (hydraulic pressure) is opened in the minimum gap portion of the wall surface of the cylinder hole 46. The base end of the through hole 60 is connected to a pressure fluid source (not shown) via a nipple 61 provided at the flange portion 38 of the slide table 19. The tip of the cylinder hole 46 is closed by a moving base 15 that is bolted to the slide base 19. An air hole 62 communicating with outside air is provided at the base end of the cylinder hole 46.

  When the pressure fluid is supplied to the nipple 61 in a state where the screw advance / retreat member 50 that advances and retreats by the rotation of the screw rod 23 is in an arbitrary position, the slide base 19 is fixed because the piston plate 54 is fixed to the screw advance / retreat member 50. However, it advances against the spring force of the compression coil spring 56 in the fixed base 12 side, that is, in the workpiece fastening direction. At this time, a gap corresponding to the advancement amount of the slide table 19 is opened between the outer peripheral flange 47 of the screw advance / retreat member and the base end of the slide table 19. When the supply of the pressure fluid is stopped, the slide table 19 is retracted by the spring force of the compression coil spring 56 until the base end thereof comes into contact with the outer peripheral flange 47 of the screw advance / retreat member.

  When gripping a workpiece with the work vise 1 of this embodiment, place the workpiece on one side of the fixed base 12 on the slide guide 5, advance the moving base 18 and bring the moving base 15 closer to the workpiece, A knock pin 29 is inserted into the knock hole 17 to fix the movable table 18. When gripping the workpiece manually, the screw base 23 is then rotated to advance the slide table 19 and the workpiece is gripped by the moving base 15 and the fixed base 12. If the screw rod 23 is turned in the reverse direction, the slide table 19 moves backward and the workpiece is released. When gripping the workpiece with fluid pressure, the screw base 23 is turned and the slide base 19 is advanced until the moving base 15 comes to a position closest to the workpiece. When pressure fluid is supplied to the nipple 61 in this state, the slide base 19 further advances to the work side, and the work is gripped by the moving base 15 and the fixed base 12. When the fluid pressure is released, the slide table 19 is retracted by the spring force of the compression spring 56 to open the workpiece.

  In the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, when the work vise is operated with fluid pressure, only the workpiece is gripped with fluid pressure, and the return of the moving base 15 when the workpiece is released is the spring force of the compression spring 56. This is an example to be performed. On the other hand, the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is an example of a structure in which the workpiece is both gripped and released by fluid pressure. In the second embodiment, the compression spring 56 is not provided, and the space in which the compression spring 56 is provided is the return-side fluid chamber 65.

O-rings 66 and 67 for sealing the return-side fluid chamber 65 are attached to the screw hole portion of the slide base 19 and the screw engagement portion of the piston plate 54 with the tip of the screw advance / retreat member. Is formed with a through hole 69 connected to the return nipple 68 provided in the flange portion 38 of the slide base. Further, the key groove 51 for preventing the rotation of the screw retreating member 50 is provided on the inner diameter side of the flange portion 38 from the convex portion 19a of the slide base, and the slide key 52 inserted into this key groove is the outer periphery of the outer peripheral flange 47. It is fixed to the surface.

When the pressure fluid is supplied to the nipple 61 in a state where the screw advance / retreat member 50 that advances and retreats by the rotation of the screw rod 23 is at an arbitrary position, the slide base 19 advances in the work tightening direction. When the flow path of the fluid pressure is switched and the pressure fluid is supplied to the return-side fluid chamber 65, the slide base 19 moves backward until its base end comes into contact with the outer peripheral flange 47 of the screw advance / retreat member. When gripping a workpiece manually, the nipples 61 and 68 are closed with plugs in a state in which hydraulic fluid is sealed in the fluid chamber 59 and the return-side fluid chamber 65. By rotating the screw rod 23 in this state, the slide table 19 moves forward and backward together with the screw advance / retreat member 50.

  As described above, the work vice according to the present invention can grip a work by freely selecting the manual gripping of the work and the gripping by fluid pressure. Since the retracted end of the moving base 15 when gripping the workpiece with fluid pressure is set by manual screwing back and forth operation, the forward and backward stroke of the moving base 15 when gripping with fluid pressure can be freely set, and the workpiece can be gripped and released Can be performed in a short time. Further, the length of the slide table 19 in the workpiece gripping direction can be made relatively short, and the reduction in the maximum workpiece size that can be gripped can be reduced in a work vise that can be operated both manually and by fluid pressure.

  In the work vise, the reaction force acting on the moving base 15 when gripping the work acts to tilt the slide table 19 toward the moving base side, but since this fall is received by the slide surface 20, Even if the width in the sliding direction is narrowed, it is possible to effectively prevent the collapse, and a compact and highly rigid vise can be obtained.

Sectional side view of the main part of the first embodiment shown with the slide base on the moving base side Side view of the same cross section showing the moving base advanced manually and by fluid pressure Front view of work vise in FIG. Diagram similar to FIG. 1 of the second embodiment Front view of work vise in FIG. Front view of moving table Front view of slide base Side view of work vice Side view of essential parts of work vise in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

3 Base 5 Slide guide
15 Moving base
17 Knock hole
18 Moving platform
18a receiving part
19 Slide table
19a Convex
20 Slide surface
23 Screw 杆
24 Bearing part
25 legs
29 dowel pin
47 鍔
50 Screw-back member
56 Compression spring
59 Fluid chamber
65 Return side fluid chamber

Claims (3)

The slide table (19) is provided with a slide table (19) that moves forward and backward on the slide guide (5) provided on the base (3) and grips and releases the workpiece with a moving base (15) attached to the slide guide (5). In a work vise that advances and retracts with a screw rod (23) parallel to the slide guide (5),
The slide table (19) has a slide hole (45) on the extension of the screw rod (23), and a screw advance / retreat member (50) to be screwed into the screw rod (23) is slid into the slide hole (45). It is inserted so as to be movable and non-rotatable,
The sliding base (19), before Kinishi reciprocation member (50) to provided a collar (47) and said screw is sandwiched in its moving direction by the urging force of the slide table (19) for urging the retreat direction The fluid chamber (59) formed between the screw advance / retreat member (50) and the slide base (19) or the moving base (15) fixed to the screw advance / retreat member by the rotation of the flange (23). A work vise that moves forward by supplying fluid pressure to the back and moves backward to a position where it comes into contact with the flange (47) by releasing the fluid pressure. Before SL sliding base (19), the collar (57) and the sliding base (19) and is sandwiched in its moving direction de compression spring biasing the retraction direction (56) the threaded rod (23) times moving the forward and backward together with the screw advancing and retracting member (50), by supplying fluid pressure to said fluid chamber (59), entered against the spring force of the compression spring (56) to release the fluid pressure The work vise according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece vice is retracted to a position where it comes into contact with the flange (47) by a spring force of the compression spring (56). Before SL sliding base (19), the collar (57) and is sandwiched in its moving direction by the fluid pressure the threaded rod of back-side fluid chamber for urging the sliding table to the retraction direction (65) (23) of the forward and backward with screw reciprocating member (50) by rotation, to advance by supplying fluid pressure to said fluid chamber (59), by releasing the fluid pressure, the return-side fluid chamber (65) The work vise according to claim 1, wherein the work vise is retracted to a position where it comes into contact with the flange (47) by fluid pressure .

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