JP5438312B2

JP5438312B2 - Exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery unit

Info

Publication number: JP5438312B2
Application number: JP2008324725A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 浩之高濱
Original assignee: 株式会社長府製作所
Priority date: 2008-12-19
Filing date: 2008-12-19
Publication date: 2014-03-12
Anticipated expiration: 2028-12-19
Also published as: JP2010145055A

Description

本発明は、給湯器等から排気される燃焼ガスの潜熱を回収する補助熱交換器（二次熱交換器）を備え、既存の給湯器等の排気トップと交換可能な排気トップ型排熱回収器に関する。 The present invention includes an auxiliary heat exchanger (secondary heat exchanger) that recovers the latent heat of combustion gas exhausted from a water heater or the like, and an exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery that can be exchanged with an exhaust top of an existing water heater or the like. Related to the vessel.

ガス，石油を燃料とする給湯器等では、燃焼器で燃焼された燃焼ガスの顕熱を回収するための一次熱交換器に加えて、排気される燃焼ガスの潜熱を回収する二次熱交換器を備えることにより、熱効率（燃費）の向上と二酸化炭素（ＣＯ₂）の排出量の削減が図られている。
一次熱交換器に加え燃焼排ガスの排熱（潜熱）を回収するための二次熱交換器を備えた給湯器等の燃焼機器では、通常は、冷たい水をまず二次熱交換器に通水して予熱した上で、一次熱交換器に通水して熱交換加熱することが行われている。
この二次熱交換器は、酸性の凝縮水の生成を阻止することが困難なため、耐酸性であるステンレス材等を製造材料としており、熱伝導率が低く、構造面での熱効率の向上が必要であった。
例えば、（特許文献１）には、「排気される燃焼ガスの経路に潜熱を吸収する水が流通されるチューブが波形に配管された熱交換器において、チューブは燃焼ガスが導入されるケーシングの内部に収容され、ケーシングの内部には導入された燃焼ガスをチューブの波形の配管に沿って案内する整流板が設けられていることを特徴とする熱交換器。」が開示されている。
特開２００８−１７００８８号公報 In water heaters that use gas and oil as fuel, in addition to the primary heat exchanger that recovers the sensible heat of the combustion gas burned in the combustor, secondary heat exchange that recovers the latent heat of the exhausted combustion gas By providing a vessel, thermal efficiency (fuel consumption) is improved and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) emissions are reduced.
In combustion equipment such as a water heater equipped with a secondary heat exchanger for recovering exhaust heat (latent heat) of combustion exhaust gas in addition to the primary heat exchanger, normally cold water is first passed through the secondary heat exchanger. Then, after preheating, water is passed through the primary heat exchanger and heat exchange heating is performed.
Since it is difficult to prevent the formation of acidic condensed water, this secondary heat exchanger is made of acid-resistant stainless steel, etc., which has low thermal conductivity and improved thermal efficiency in terms of structure. It was necessary.
For example, in (Patent Document 1), “in a heat exchanger in which a tube through which water that absorbs latent heat is circulated in a path of exhausted combustion gas is arranged in a waveform, the tube is the casing of the casing into which the combustion gas is introduced. There is disclosed a heat exchanger characterized in that a rectifying plate that is housed inside and that guides the introduced combustion gas along the corrugated piping of the tube is provided inside the casing.
JP 2008-170088 A

しかしながら、上記従来の技術は以下のような課題を有していた。
（１）（特許文献１）の熱交換器によれば、ケーシングの内部に導入された燃焼ガスがチューブの波形の配管に沿って案内されることで、実質的に熱交換面積が飛躍的に拡張され熱交換時間が飛躍的に延長されて、排気される燃焼ガスの潜熱を回収して熱効率を高めることができるが、酸性の凝縮水を中和するための中和器を別途、給湯器の内部に設ける必要があった。
そして、熱交換器と中和器が独立していることにより、これらを接続する配管が複雑で量産性に欠けると共に、これらを内蔵する給湯器本体も大型化し、取扱い性、設置自在性に欠けるという課題を有していた。
（２）（特許文献１）のような熱交換器を補助熱交換器（二次熱交換器）として初めから内蔵した給湯器は、補助熱交換器を備えていない給湯器に比べて、熱効率（燃費）の向上と二酸化炭素（ＣＯ₂）の排出量の削減を図ることができるが、補助熱交換器を備えていない既存の給湯器に内蔵（増設）することは困難であり、燃焼排ガスの排熱（潜熱）を回収して有効に利用するためには、給湯器自体を買い換えなければならず、汎用性、省資源性に欠けるという課題を有していた。 However, the above conventional technique has the following problems.
(1) According to the heat exchanger of (Patent Document 1), the combustion gas introduced into the casing is guided along the corrugated piping of the tube, thereby substantially increasing the heat exchange area. The extended heat exchange time can be greatly extended to recover the latent heat of the exhausted combustion gas and increase the thermal efficiency, but a neutralizer for neutralizing acidic condensate is provided separately. It was necessary to install inside.
And since the heat exchanger and the neutralizer are independent, the piping connecting them is complicated and lacks mass productivity, and the water heater body containing these is also enlarged, and handling and installation are not easy. It had the problem that.
(2) A water heater that has a built-in heat exchanger such as (Patent Document 1) as an auxiliary heat exchanger (secondary heat exchanger) from the beginning is more efficient than a water heater that does not include an auxiliary heat exchanger. (Fuel efficiency) can be improved and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) emissions can be reduced, but it is difficult to install (add to) an existing water heater that does not have an auxiliary heat exchanger. In order to recover and effectively use the exhaust heat (latent heat), the water heater itself has to be replaced, and there is a problem of lack of versatility and resource saving.

本発明は上記課題を解決するためになされたものであり、簡素な構造で、量産性、取扱い性に優れ、補助熱交換器を備えていない既存の給湯器等の排気トップと簡便に交換して取り付けることができ、汎用性に優れ、既存の給湯器等の本体を買い換えることなく、簡単に取り付けることができ、熱効率（燃費）の向上と二酸化炭素（ＣＯ₂）の排出量の削減を図ることができ、既存の給湯器等を有効に利用することができる効率性、環境保護性、省資源性に優れた排気トップ型排熱回収器の提供を目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has a simple structure, is excellent in mass productivity and handleability, and can be easily replaced with an exhaust top of an existing water heater without an auxiliary heat exchanger. It is easy to install without replacing the main body of an existing water heater, etc., and improves thermal efficiency (fuel consumption) and reduces carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) emissions. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery unit that can effectively use an existing water heater or the like, and is excellent in efficiency, environmental protection, and resource saving.

上記課題を解決するために本発明の排気トップ型排熱回収器は、以下の構成を有している。
本発明の請求項１に記載の排気トップ型排熱回収器は、給湯器の排気トップに代えて排気口に覆設される排気筒部と、給水源に接続される給水口と給湯器の給水接続口に接続される出湯口とを備え前記排気筒部に内設される熱交換器を有する熱交換部と、前記排気筒部の内部の結露水を排出する排水部と、を備え、前記排水部が、前記排気筒部に内設され前記結露水を中和する中和器と、前記中和器の上端側で前記排気筒部に形設された排水口と、を備えている構成を有している。
この構成により、以下のような作用を有する。
（１）給湯器の排気トップに代えて排気口に覆設される排気筒部に熱交換部が内設されているので、給湯器の既存の排気トップに代えて、排気口に排気筒部を覆設し、固定するだけで、補助熱交換器（二次熱交換器）として機能する熱交換部を簡便に増設することができ、給湯器本体を買い換えることなく、熱効率（燃費）の向上と二酸化炭素（ＣＯ₂）の排出量の削減を図り、既存の給湯器を有効に活用することができ、省資源性、汎用性に優れる。
（２）給水源に接続される給水口と給湯器の給水接続口に接続される出湯口とを備え排気筒部に内設される熱交換器を有する熱交換部を備えていることにより、給水源から供給される水を熱交換器の内部に通水し、給湯器の排気口から排出される燃焼排ガスが排気筒部を通過する間に熱交換を行って、排熱（潜熱）を回収することができ、予熱された水を出湯口から給湯器の給水接続口に供給して、既存の給湯器の熱効率（燃費）の向上と二酸化炭素（ＣＯ₂）の排出量の削減を図ることができ、省エネルギー性、環境保護性に優れる。
（３）熱交換部の熱交換器が排気筒部に内設されるので、コンパクトで取扱い性、省スペース性に優れる。
（４）排気筒部の内部の結露水を排出する排水部を有することにより、結露水を確実に排気筒部の外部に排出或いは回収して中和することができ、排気筒部の内部に結露水が溜まることがなく、安全性、環境保護性に優れる。
（５）排水部が、排気筒部に内設され結露水を中和する中和器を有することにより、別途、中和器を設置するスペースや中和器を固定する作業などが不要で、省スペース性、設置作業性に優れる。
（６）排水部が、中和器の上端側で排気筒部に形設された排水口を有するので、結露水の水位が中和器の上端に達するまで貯水することができ、結露水と中和器の内部に収容された中和剤を十分に接触させて、結露水を確実に中和してから排水することができ、安全性に優れる。 In order to solve the above problems, the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device of the present invention has the following configuration.
The exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device according to claim 1 of the present invention includes an exhaust cylinder portion that covers an exhaust port instead of an exhaust top of a water heater, a water supply port connected to a water supply source, and a water heater. A heat exchanger having a hot water outlet connected to a water supply connection port and having a heat exchanger installed in the exhaust cylinder part, and a drainage part for discharging condensed water inside the exhaust cylinder part , The drainage unit includes a neutralizer that is installed in the exhaust tube unit and neutralizes the condensed water, and a drain port that is formed in the exhaust tube unit on the upper end side of the neutralizer . It has a configuration.
This configuration has the following effects.
(1) Since the heat exchanging part is provided in the exhaust tube part that covers the exhaust port instead of the exhaust top of the water heater, the exhaust tube part is provided in the exhaust port instead of the existing exhaust top of the water heater. By simply covering and fixing the heat exchanger, it is possible to easily add a heat exchange unit that functions as an auxiliary heat exchanger (secondary heat exchanger), improving thermal efficiency (fuel consumption) without having to replace the water heater body. And carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) emissions can be reduced, existing water heaters can be used effectively, and resource saving and versatility are excellent.
(2) By including a heat exchange part having a heat exchanger provided in the exhaust cylinder part, with a water supply port connected to the water supply source and a hot water outlet connected to the water supply connection port of the water heater, Water supplied from the water supply source is passed through the heat exchanger, and heat exchange is performed while the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port of the water heater passes through the exhaust tube, and exhaust heat (latent heat) is obtained. Recoverable and preheated water is supplied from the outlet to the water supply connection port of the water heater to improve the thermal efficiency (fuel consumption) of existing water heaters and reduce carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) emissions. It is excellent in energy saving and environmental protection.
(3) Since the heat exchanger of the heat exchange part is installed in the exhaust tube part, it is compact and excellent in handling and space saving.
(4) By having a drainage part for discharging condensed water inside the exhaust cylinder part, the condensed water can be reliably discharged or collected outside the exhaust cylinder part and neutralized. Condensed water does not accumulate and is excellent in safety and environmental protection.
(5) Since the drainage unit has a neutralizer that is installed in the exhaust tube and neutralizes the condensed water, a space for installing the neutralizer and work for fixing the neutralizer are unnecessary. Excellent space saving and installation workability.
(6) Since the drainage part has a drainage port formed in the exhaust tube part on the upper end side of the neutralizer, water can be stored until the water level of the condensed water reaches the upper end of the neutralizer. The neutralizer accommodated inside the neutralizer can be sufficiently brought into contact with water to reliably neutralize the condensed water before draining, which is excellent in safety.

ここで、排気筒部の上端部には、既存の排気トップと同様の排気孔が形成されている。
熱交換器は、従来の二次熱交換器と同様に、耐酸性を有するステンレス材等の材料でチューブ状に形成したものやフレキシブル性を有する波付管などが好適に用いられる。
熱交換器の経路は、任意の形状に配置することができ、例えば、経路全体を一続きのコイル状に形成したり、縦横に蛇行させて排気筒部の内部に張り巡らせたりすることができる。また、給水口及び出湯口がそれぞれ形成された二本のヘッダの間を複数の接続流路で接続して経路全体を形成してもよい。このときの各々の接続流路の形状は円弧状やコの字状などの様々な形状に形成することができる。
また、給湯器の排気口から排出される燃焼排ガスが、熱交換器の経路で囲まれた中空部を下から上へ移動するように、熱交換器を形成、配置した場合、燃焼排ガスが熱交換器の中空部を下から上へ移動しながら、経路と経路の隙間から外周方向へ排出され、燃焼排ガスが熱交換器の経路全体と満遍なく接触し、効率的に熱交換が行われる。
尚、給水口から供給される水は、熱交換器の経路を上端側から下端側に向かって流れるようにしてもよいし、下端側から上端側に向かって流れるようにしてもよい。熱交換器の上端側から下端側に向かって流れるようにした場合は、下から上に向かって流れる燃焼排ガスに対して対向流となり、熱交換の効率性に優れる。 Here, an exhaust hole similar to the existing exhaust top is formed in the upper end portion of the exhaust cylinder portion.
As the heat exchanger, as in the case of the conventional secondary heat exchanger, a tube made of a material such as a stainless material having acid resistance or a corrugated tube having flexibility is preferably used.
The path of the heat exchanger can be arranged in an arbitrary shape, for example, the entire path can be formed in a continuous coil shape, or can be meandered vertically and horizontally and stretched around the inside of the exhaust pipe section. . Moreover, you may connect between the two headers in which the water supply port and the hot water outlet were each formed by the some connection flow path, and may form the whole path | route. The shape of each connection channel at this time can be formed in various shapes such as an arc shape or a U-shape.
In addition, when a heat exchanger is formed and arranged so that the flue gas discharged from the exhaust port of the water heater moves from the bottom to the top surrounded by the heat exchanger path, the flue gas is heated. While moving from the bottom to the top of the hollow part of the exchanger, the exhaust gas is discharged from the gap between the paths to the outer peripheral direction, and the combustion exhaust gas uniformly contacts the entire path of the heat exchanger, thereby efficiently exchanging heat.
In addition, the water supplied from the water supply port may flow from the upper end side toward the lower end side through the path of the heat exchanger, or may flow from the lower end side toward the upper end side. When it is made to flow from the upper end side to the lower end side of the heat exchanger, it becomes a counter flow with respect to the combustion exhaust gas flowing from the bottom to the top, and the heat exchange efficiency is excellent.

排水部は、排気筒部の内部の結露水を排出することができればよいが、酸性の結露水を中和するための中和器を備えることが望ましい。中和器は、排水部の任意の位置に設けることができ、排気筒部の内部に収容するようにしてもよいし、排気筒部の外部で給湯器の側部等に配置するようにしてもよい。
排気トップ型排熱回収器の下端部には、給湯器の筐体に固定するための固定部を形成することが好ましい。既存の熱交換器の排気トップと取り替えて簡便かつ確実に固定することができ、組立作業性、固定安定性に優れると共に、必要に応じて容易に取り外すことができ、メンテナンス性に優れるためである。 Although the drainage part should just be able to discharge | emit the dew condensation water inside an exhaust pipe part, it is desirable to provide the neutralizer for neutralizing acidic dew condensation water. The neutralizer can be provided at an arbitrary position of the drainage part, and may be accommodated inside the exhaust pipe part or arranged on the side of the water heater outside the exhaust pipe part. Also good.
It is preferable to form a fixing portion for fixing the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device to the casing of the water heater. This is because it can be easily and securely fixed by replacing the exhaust top of an existing heat exchanger, and it is excellent in assembly workability and fixing stability, and can be easily removed as required, and it is excellent in maintainability. .

中和器は、熱交換部の外周と排気筒部の内周との間の空間に配置することができる。中和剤としては、炭酸カルシウムが好適に用いられる。中和剤の量は、適宜、選択することができるが、予め給湯器本体の寿命に合わせた量を収容しておけば、中和剤の注ぎ足しが不要で、取扱い性、メンテナンス性に優れる。 Neutralization device may be disposed in the space between the outer periphery of the heat exchange portion and the inner periphery of the exhaust tube portion. As the neutralizing agent, calcium carbonate is preferably used. The amount of the neutralizing agent can be selected as appropriate. However, if an amount corresponding to the life of the water heater body is stored in advance, it is not necessary to add the neutralizing agent, and the handling and maintenance properties are excellent. .

請求項２に記載の発明は、請求項１に記載の排気トップ型排熱回収器であって、前記熱交換部が、前記熱交換器の上端を覆う天板部と、前記熱交換器の外周を覆う周壁部と、前記周壁部に穿設された複数の開口部と、を有する熱交換器カバーを備えている構成を有している。
この構成により、請求項１の作用に加え、以下の作用を有する。
（１）熱交換部の熱交換器カバーが、熱交換器の上端を覆う天板部と、熱交換器の外周を覆う周壁部と、周壁部に穿設された複数の開口部と、を有するので、給湯器の排気口から排出され熱交換器の中空部を通過する燃焼排ガスが、そのまま熱交換器の上端側から抜け出ることを防止でき、燃焼排ガスが確実にコイル状の隙間を通過し、効率的に熱交換を行うことができ、燃焼排ガスを開口部から熱交換器カバーの外へ案内して、排気筒部の排気孔から排気することができ、排熱回収の効率性、排気の確実性に優れる。
（２）熱交換器カバーの周壁部に形成される複数の開口部の数、形状、配置等を適宜選択することにより、排気抵抗を調整することができ、熱交換器の経路間の隙間と開口部との重なりを小さくすることにより、燃焼排ガスが開口部から抜け難く、熱交換器と燃焼排ガスとの接触時間を長くして、排熱（潜熱）の回収性を向上することができる。 Invention of Claim 2 is an exhaust top type waste heat recovery device of Claim 1, Comprising: The said heat exchange part of the top plate part which covers the upper end of the said heat exchanger, and the said heat exchanger A heat exchanger cover having a peripheral wall portion covering the outer periphery and a plurality of openings formed in the peripheral wall portion is provided.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the first aspect , the following operation is provided.
(1) The heat exchanger cover of the heat exchange part includes a top plate part covering the upper end of the heat exchanger, a peripheral wall part covering the outer periphery of the heat exchanger, and a plurality of openings formed in the peripheral wall part. Therefore, the flue gas exhausted from the exhaust port of the hot water heater and passing through the hollow part of the heat exchanger can be prevented from escaping as it is from the upper end side of the heat exchanger, and the flue gas surely passes through the coiled gap. Heat exchange can be performed efficiently, and combustion exhaust gas can be guided out of the heat exchanger cover through the opening and exhausted from the exhaust hole of the exhaust cylinder, efficiency of exhaust heat recovery, exhaust Excellent certainty.
(2) By appropriately selecting the number, shape, arrangement, etc. of the plurality of openings formed in the peripheral wall portion of the heat exchanger cover, the exhaust resistance can be adjusted, and the gap between the heat exchanger paths By reducing the overlap with the opening, it is difficult for the flue gas to escape from the opening, and the contact time between the heat exchanger and the flue gas can be lengthened to improve the recoverability of the exhaust heat (latent heat).

ここで、開口部の長さ、幅、ピッチ、数などは、適宜、選択することができ、これらを選択することによって、排気抵抗を調整することができる。特に、熱交換器の経路間の隙間と開口部が直交するように開口部を形成した場合、両者の重なりを小さく抑えることができ、排熱（潜熱）の回収性に優れる。例えば、熱交換器がコイル状などに形成され、経路間の隙間が略水平状に形成されている場合は、開口部を縦長孔状に形成することが好ましい。
尚、排気トップ型排熱回収器全体の排気抵抗は、既存の排気トップの排気抵抗と同程度に形成することが好ましい。排気抵抗が小さくなると、風量過剰の状態となって、着火不良、臭い、燃焼効率低下などが発生する原因となり、排気抵抗が大きくなると、風量不足の状態となって、すすが発生する原因となるためである。排気抵抗を同程度に保つことで、燃焼状態の変化を防ぐことができ、信頼性に優れる。 Here, the length, width, pitch, number, and the like of the openings can be selected as appropriate, and exhaust resistance can be adjusted by selecting these. In particular, when the opening is formed so that the gap between the paths of the heat exchanger and the opening are orthogonal to each other, the overlap between the two can be kept small, and the exhaust heat (latent heat) recovery is excellent. For example, when the heat exchanger is formed in a coil shape or the like and the gap between the paths is formed in a substantially horizontal shape, the opening is preferably formed in a vertically long hole shape.
In addition, it is preferable to form the exhaust resistance of the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device as much as the exhaust resistance of the existing exhaust top. When the exhaust resistance is reduced, the air volume becomes excessive, causing poor ignition, odors, and reduced combustion efficiency. When the exhaust resistance is increased, the air volume is insufficient and causing soot. Because. By maintaining the exhaust resistance at the same level, changes in the combustion state can be prevented and the reliability is excellent .

請求項３に記載の発明は、請求項２に記載の排気トップ型排熱回収器であって、前記熱交換器カバーの前記周壁部が、パンチングメタルで形成されている構成を有している。
この構成により、請求項２の作用に加え、以下の作用を有する。
（１）熱交換器カバーの周壁部が、パンチングメタルで形成されていることにより、開口部を円形状、矩形状、多角形状などの様々な形状に容易に形成することができ、開口部の大きさ、形状、配置等の選択が容易で、排気抵抗を簡便に調節することができ、設計自在性、量産性に優れる。
請求項４に記載の発明は、請求項２又は３に記載の排気トップ型排熱回収器であって、前記熱交換器カバーの前記周壁部の下端は、前記中和器の上端と同等以下の高さに配置する構成を有している。
この構成により、請求項２又は３の作用に加え、以下の作用を有する。
（１）熱交換器カバーの周壁部の下端は、中和器の上端と同等以下の高さに配置することで、周壁部の表面に沿って流れる結露水を確実に中和器に案内することができ、結露水回収の確実性に優れる。
また、周壁部に複数の開口部が形成されていることにより、周壁部の内面に沿って流れる結露水が開口部を通って中和器に流入し易く、結露水の回収性に優れる。
請求項５に記載の発明は、請求項１乃至４の内いずれか１に記載の排気トップ型排熱回収器であって、前記排気筒部の下端部に、前記給湯器の筐体に固定されるために形成された固定部を備えている構成を有している。
この構成により、請求項１乃至４の内いずれか１の作用に加え、以下の作用を有する。
（１）既存の熱交換器の排気トップと取り替えて簡便かつ確実に固定することができ、組立作業性、固定安定性に優れると共に、必要に応じて容易に取り外すことができ、メンテナンス性に優れるためである。
ここで、固定部としては、排気筒部の下端部を給湯器の筐体にねじ止め等の固定手段で固定するものが好適に用いられる。特に、給湯器の排気口に覆設されている既存の排気トップを固定するためのフランジなどに合わせて、排気筒部の下端部に円筒状の固定部を形成し、その外周に複数の孔を形成した場合、簡便かつ確実に固定することができ、施工性、固定安定性に優れる。また、溶接などで固定してもよい。 The invention described in claim 3 is the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device according to claim 2, wherein the peripheral wall of the heat exchanger cover has a structure that is formed by punching metal .
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the second aspect , the following operation is provided.
(1) Since the peripheral wall portion of the heat exchanger cover is formed of punching metal, the opening portion can be easily formed into various shapes such as a circular shape, a rectangular shape, and a polygonal shape. Selection of size, shape, arrangement, etc. is easy, exhaust resistance can be easily adjusted, and design flexibility and mass productivity are excellent.
Invention of Claim 4 is the exhaust top type waste heat recovery device of Claim 2 or 3, Comprising: The lower end of the said surrounding wall part of the said heat exchanger cover is below or equal to the upper end of the said neutralizer It has the structure arrange | positioned in height.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of the second or third aspect, the following operation is provided.
(1) The lower end of the peripheral wall portion of the heat exchanger cover is disposed at a height equal to or lower than the upper end of the neutralizer, so that the condensed water flowing along the surface of the peripheral wall portion is reliably guided to the neutralizer. And is highly reliable in collecting condensed water.
In addition, since a plurality of openings are formed in the peripheral wall portion, the dew condensation water flowing along the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion easily flows into the neutralizer through the opening portion, and the dew condensation water is highly recoverable.
Invention of Claim 5 is an exhaust top type waste heat recovery device of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4, Comprising: It fixes to the housing | casing of the said water heater at the lower end part of the said exhaust pipe part. Therefore, it has a configuration including a fixing portion formed to be made.
With this configuration, in addition to the operation of any one of claims 1 to 4, the following operation is provided.
(1) It can be easily and securely fixed by replacing the exhaust top of an existing heat exchanger, and it is excellent in assembling workability and fixing stability, and can be easily removed as required, and it is excellent in maintainability. Because.
Here, as the fixing portion, a fixing portion in which the lower end portion of the exhaust tube portion is fixed to the housing of the water heater by a fixing means such as a screw is suitably used. In particular, a cylindrical fixing portion is formed at the lower end portion of the exhaust cylinder portion in accordance with a flange or the like for fixing an existing exhaust top covering the exhaust port of the water heater, and a plurality of holes are formed on the outer periphery thereof. When it is formed, it can be simply and reliably fixed, and is excellent in workability and fixing stability. Moreover, you may fix by welding etc.

請求項１に記載の発明によれば、以下のような効果を有する。
（１）熱交換部が給湯器の既存の排気トップと交換可能な排気筒部に内設されていることにより、既存の排気トップに代えて、排気口に排気筒部を覆設し、固定するだけで、補助熱交換器（二次熱交換器）として機能する熱交換部を簡便に増設することができ、給湯器本体を買い換えることなく、熱効率（燃費）の向上と二酸化炭素（ＣＯ₂）の排出量の削減を図り、既存の給湯器を有効に活用することができる省資源性、環境保護性、汎用性に優れた排気トップ型排熱回収器を提供することができる。
（２）排気筒部に形設される排水口が、中和器の上端部に位置することにより、結露水の水位が中和器の上端に達するまで貯水することができ、結露水と中和器の内部に収容された中和剤を十分に接触させて、結露水を確実に中和してから排水することができる安全性に優れた排気トップ型排熱回収器を提供することができる。 According to invention of Claim 1, it has the following effects.
(1) Since the heat exchanging part is installed in the exhaust pipe part replaceable with the existing exhaust top of the water heater, the exhaust pipe part is covered and fixed at the exhaust port instead of the existing exhaust top. This makes it possible to easily add a heat exchange unit that functions as an auxiliary heat exchanger (secondary heat exchanger), improving thermal efficiency (fuel consumption) and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) without replacing the water heater body. ) Can be reduced, and an exhaust top type heat recovery device excellent in resource saving, environmental protection, and versatility that can effectively use an existing water heater can be provided.
(2) Since the drain outlet formed in the exhaust cylinder is located at the upper end of the neutralizer, water can be stored until the water level of the condensed water reaches the upper end of the neutralizer. Providing an exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device with excellent safety that can fully drain the condensed water by making it fully contact with the neutralizing agent contained in the sump. it can.

請求項２に記載の発明によれば、請求項１の効果に加え、以下のような効果を有する。
（１）熱交換器の上端及び外周を覆う熱交換器カバーの周壁部に複数の開口部を形成することにより、給湯器の排気口から排出され熱交換器の中空部を通過する燃焼排ガスが、そのまま熱交換器の上端側から抜け出ることがなく、確実に熱交換器の経路の隙間を通過し、効率的に熱交換を行うことができ、燃焼排ガスを開口部から熱交換器カバーの外へ案内して、排気筒部の排気孔から排気することができる排熱回収の効率性、排気の確実性に優れた排気トップ型排熱回収器を提供することができる。 According to invention of Claim 2 , in addition to the effect of Claim 1, it has the following effects.
(1) By forming a plurality of openings in the peripheral wall portion of the heat exchanger cover that covers the upper end and outer periphery of the heat exchanger, the combustion exhaust gas that is discharged from the exhaust port of the water heater and passes through the hollow portion of the heat exchanger Without passing through the top end of the heat exchanger as it is, it can pass through the gap in the heat exchanger path and perform heat exchange efficiently, and the combustion exhaust gas can be removed from the opening of the heat exchanger cover. Therefore, it is possible to provide an exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device that is excellent in exhaust heat recovery efficiency and exhaust reliability that can be exhausted from the exhaust hole of the exhaust cylinder portion.

請求項３に記載の発明によれば、請求項２の効果に加え、以下のような効果を有する。
（１）熱交換器カバーの周壁部をパンチングメタルで形成することにより、開口部の形状や配置などの選択の幅が広く、排気抵抗の調節が容易な設計自在性、量産性に優れた排気トップ型排熱回収器を提供することができる。
請求項４に記載の発明によれば、請求項２又は３の効果に加え、以下のような効果を有する。
（１）周壁部の表面に沿って流れる結露水を確実に中和器に案内することができる結露水回収の確実性に優れた排気トップ型熱回収器を提供することができる。
請求項５に記載の発明によれば、請求項１乃至４のうちいずれかの効果に加え、以下のような効果を有する。
（１）既存の熱交換器の排気トップと取り替えて簡便かつ確実に固定することができる組立作業性、固定安定性に優れた排気トップ型熱回収器を提供することができると共に、必要に応じて容易に取り外すことができるメンテナンス性に優れた排気トップ型熱回収器を提供することができる。 According to invention of Claim 3 , in addition to the effect of Claim 2 , it has the following effects.
(1) By forming the peripheral wall part of the heat exchanger cover with punched metal, the exhaust has excellent design flexibility and mass productivity with a wide range of choices such as opening shape and arrangement and easy adjustment of exhaust resistance. A top-type exhaust heat recovery device can be provided.
According to invention of Claim 4, in addition to the effect of Claim 2 or 3, it has the following effects.
(1) It is possible to provide an exhaust top type heat recovery device that is capable of reliably guiding the condensed water flowing along the surface of the peripheral wall portion to the neutralizer and is excellent in the reliability of condensed water recovery.
According to invention of Claim 5, in addition to the effect in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4, it has the following effects.
(1) It is possible to provide an exhaust top type heat recovery device excellent in assembly workability and fixing stability that can be easily and reliably fixed by replacing the exhaust top of an existing heat exchanger, and as required. Thus, it is possible to provide an exhaust top type heat recovery device with excellent maintainability that can be easily removed.

以下、本発明の実施の形態１における排気トップ型排熱回収器について、以下図面を参照しながら説明する。
（実施の形態１）
図１（ａ）は実施の形態１の排気トップ型排熱回収器の断面模式図であり、図１（ｂ）は図１（ａ）のＡ−Ａ線矢視断面模式図である。
図１中、１は実施の形態１の排気トップ型排熱回収器、２は給湯器の排気口に覆設される排気トップ型排熱回収器１の排気筒部、２ａは排気筒部２の底部、２ｂは後述する熱交換部３の熱交換器４を支持する支持板、２ｃは支持板２ｂの外周から垂設され排気筒部２の底部２ａから下方に突出した排気トップ型排熱回収器１の円筒状の固定部、２ｄは固定部２ｃに穿設された複数の固定孔、２ｅは支持円筒部２ｂの上面に形設され給湯器の排気口から排出される燃焼排ガスを排気筒部２の内部に導入する導入口、２ｆは排気筒部２の内部で熱交換部３の上方に配設され熱交換器４の方へ雨や風が流れ込み難くするための仕切板、２ｇは仕切板２ｆの中央部に形設され仕切板２ｆの上方に形成された排気孔２ｈから燃焼排ガスを偏らせることなく排出するための排気寄せ口、３はコイル状に形成され排気筒部２に内設された熱交換器４を有する排気トップ型排熱回収器１の熱交換部、５ａは熱交換器４の上端部に連通し給水源に接続される給水口、５ｂは熱交換器４の下端部に連通し給湯器の給水接続口に接続される出湯口、６は熱交換器４に覆設された熱交換部３の熱交換器カバー、６ａは熱交換器４の上端を覆う熱交換器カバー６の天板部、６ｂは熱交換器４の外周を覆う熱交換器カバー４の周壁部、７は熱交換器カバー４の周壁部６ｂに所定間隔をあけて穿設された複数の縦長孔状の開口部、８は排気筒部２の下端側で後述する中和器９の上端部に形設され中和器９で中和された結露水を排出する排水口９ａを有する排水部、９は略三日月状に形成されて排気筒部２に内設され結露水を中和する炭酸カルシウム等の中和剤が充填された排水部８の中和器である。 Hereinafter, an exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
Fig.1 (a) is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the exhaust top type | mold exhaust heat recovery device of Embodiment 1, FIG.1 (b) is an AA arrow directional cross-sectional schematic diagram of Fig.1 (a).
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device of the first embodiment, 2 denotes an exhaust cylinder portion of an exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device 1 that covers an exhaust port of a water heater, and 2a denotes an exhaust cylinder portion 2. 2b is a support plate for supporting the heat exchanger 4 of the heat exchanging unit 3 to be described later, 2c is an exhaust top type exhaust heat projecting downward from the outer periphery of the support plate 2b and projecting downward from the bottom 2a of the exhaust tube unit 2 A cylindrical fixing portion of the collector 1, 2 d is a plurality of fixing holes drilled in the fixing portion 2 c, 2 e is formed on the upper surface of the support cylindrical portion 2 b, and exhausts the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port of the water heater. An introduction port 2f to be introduced into the inside of the cylinder part 2 is a partition plate 2g disposed above the heat exchange part 3 inside the exhaust cylinder part 2 so that rain and wind do not easily flow toward the heat exchanger 4. Does not bias the combustion exhaust gas from the exhaust hole 2h formed at the center of the partition plate 2f and formed above the partition plate 2f. An exhaust outlet 3 for discharging, a heat exchange part 3 of the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery unit 1 having a heat exchanger 4 formed in a coil shape and installed in the exhaust cylinder part 2, 5 a of the heat exchanger 4 A water supply port connected to the water supply source in communication with the upper end portion, 5b connected to the lower end portion of the heat exchanger 4 and connected to the water supply connection port of the water heater, and 6 covered with the heat exchanger 4. The heat exchanger cover of the heat exchanger 3, 6 a is a top plate portion of the heat exchanger cover 6 that covers the upper end of the heat exchanger 4, 6 b is a peripheral wall portion of the heat exchanger cover 4 that covers the outer periphery of the heat exchanger 4, 7 Is a plurality of vertically long openings formed in the peripheral wall portion 6b of the heat exchanger cover 4 at predetermined intervals, and 8 is formed at the lower end side of the exhaust tube portion 2 at the upper end portion of the neutralizer 9 described later. A drainage portion 9 having a drainage port 9a for discharging condensed water neutralized by the neutralizer 9 is formed in a substantially crescent shape and is installed in the exhaust tube portion 2. Neutralizing agents such as calcium carbonate to neutralize the dew water is neutralizer of waste water 8 filled.

排気筒部２の上端部には、既存の排気トップと同様の排気孔２ｈが形成されている。また、排気孔２ｈと熱交換器カバー６との間に、仕切板２ｆを設けることにより、熱交換器カバー６や内部の熱交換器４を雨風から守ることができる。
熱交換器４は、従来の給湯器の二次熱交換器と同様に、耐酸性を有するステンレス材等の材料でチューブ状に形成された。
コイル状に形成された熱交換器４を排気筒部２の内部に縦置きすることにより、給湯器の排気口から排出される燃焼排ガスが、熱交換器４の軸心の中空部を下から上へ移動しながら、コイル状の経路間の隙間から熱交換器カバー４の開口部７を通って外周方向へ排出されることにより、熱交換が行われる。
このとき、給水口５ａから供給される水が、熱交換器４の上端側から下端側に向かって流れるようにしたので、下から上に向かって流れる燃焼排ガスに対して対向流となり、熱交換の効率性に優れる。
また、熱交換部３の位置を排気筒部２の中心からずらし、排水口９ａから遠ざかる方向に配置することにより、中和器９に回収された結露水が排水口９ａから排出されるまでの経路が長くなり、中和剤との接触時間を長くして、中和効果を高めることができる。尚、このとき、熱交換器４の上方に配置した仕切板２ｆの中央部に排気寄せ口２ｇを形設することにより、熱交換器カバー４の開口部７を通過し、排気筒部２の内部で拡散した燃焼排ガスを排気筒部２の中央部に集め、排気筒部２の上端側に形成された多数の排気孔２ｈから偏らせることなく排出することができ、燃焼排ガスの排出性に優れる。 An exhaust hole 2h similar to that of the existing exhaust top is formed at the upper end of the exhaust cylinder portion 2. Moreover, by providing the partition plate 2f between the exhaust hole 2h and the heat exchanger cover 6, the heat exchanger cover 6 and the internal heat exchanger 4 can be protected from rain and wind.
The heat exchanger 4 was formed in a tube shape with a material such as a stainless material having acid resistance, like the secondary heat exchanger of the conventional water heater.
By placing the heat exchanger 4 formed in a coil shape vertically in the exhaust cylinder portion 2, the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust port of the hot water heater passes through the hollow portion of the shaft center of the heat exchanger 4 from below. While moving upward, heat is exchanged by being discharged from the gap between the coiled paths through the opening 7 of the heat exchanger cover 4 toward the outer periphery.
At this time, since the water supplied from the water supply port 5a flows from the upper end side to the lower end side of the heat exchanger 4, it becomes a counter flow with respect to the combustion exhaust gas flowing from the bottom to the top, and heat exchange Excellent in efficiency.
Further, by shifting the position of the heat exchange part 3 from the center of the exhaust tube part 2 and disposing it away from the drain port 9a, the condensed water collected in the neutralizer 9 is discharged from the drain port 9a. The route becomes longer, the contact time with the neutralizing agent can be lengthened, and the neutralizing effect can be enhanced. At this time, an exhaust outlet 2g is formed at the center of the partition plate 2f disposed above the heat exchanger 4 so that it passes through the opening 7 of the heat exchanger cover 4 and Combustion exhaust gas diffused inside can be collected in the center of the exhaust cylinder part 2 and discharged without being biased from the numerous exhaust holes 2h formed on the upper end side of the exhaust cylinder part 2. Excellent.

本実施の形態では、熱交換器４の経路をコイル状に形成したが、熱交換器４の形状はこれに限定されるものではなく、排気筒部２の形状などに応じて、適宜、選択することができる。例えば、排気筒部２や熱交換器カバー４が角筒状に形成されている場合などは、経路を縦横に蛇行させて熱交換器カバー４の内壁に沿うように形成することにより、省スペース性に優れるだけでなく、燃焼排ガスの排出性にも優れる。また、１本の経路で熱交換器４を形成する代わりに、給水口５ａ及び出湯口５ｂがそれぞれ形成された二本のヘッダの間を複数の接続流路で接続して経路全体を円筒状や角筒状などに形成してもよい。
尚、熱交換器４の経路はフレキシブル性を有する波付管を用いてもよい。波付管は断面積が大きく、短い距離で効率的に熱交換を行うことができると共に、形状自在性に優れるので、排気筒部２や熱交換器カバー４の形状などに応じて容易に屈曲させて所望の形状に形成することができ、量産性に優れる。 In the present embodiment, the path of the heat exchanger 4 is formed in a coil shape, but the shape of the heat exchanger 4 is not limited to this, and is appropriately selected according to the shape of the exhaust tube portion 2 and the like. can do. For example, when the exhaust tube portion 2 or the heat exchanger cover 4 is formed in a square tube shape, the path is meandered vertically and horizontally so that it is formed along the inner wall of the heat exchanger cover 4 to save space. In addition to being excellent in performance, it is also excellent in exhaust gas emissions. In addition, instead of forming the heat exchanger 4 with a single path, the entire path is cylindrical by connecting the two headers formed with the water supply port 5a and the hot water outlet 5b with a plurality of connection channels. It may be formed in a square tube shape or the like.
In addition, you may use the corrugated pipe | tube which has flexibility for the path | route of the heat exchanger 4. FIG. The corrugated tube has a large cross-sectional area, can efficiently exchange heat over a short distance, and has excellent shape flexibility, so it can be easily bent according to the shape of the exhaust tube 2 and heat exchanger cover 4 Can be formed into a desired shape, and is excellent in mass productivity.

熱交換器カバー６の周壁部６ｂの下端は、中和器９の上端と同程度の高さに配置したが、周壁部６ｂの下端部に中和器９の内部に挿通される挿通部を設けることにより、周壁部６ｂの表面に沿って流れる結露水を確実に中和器９に案内することができ、結露水回収の確実性に優れる。
熱交換器カバー６の開口部７の長さ、幅、ピッチ、数などは、排気トップ型排熱回収器１全体の排気抵抗が、既存の排気トップの排気抵抗と同程度となるように形成し、燃焼状態の変化を防いだ。
尚、本実施の形態では、開口部７を縦長孔状に形成したが、開口部７の形状はこれに限定されるものではなく、円形状、矩形状、多角形状などの様々な形状に形成することができる。その場合、周壁部６ｂをパンチングメタルで形成することができ、開口部７の大きさや形状等によって、排気抵抗を容易に調節することができる。 The lower end of the peripheral wall portion 6b of the heat exchanger cover 6 is arranged at the same height as the upper end of the neutralizer 9, but the insertion portion that is inserted into the neutralizer 9 at the lower end portion of the peripheral wall portion 6b. By providing, the dew condensation water which flows along the surface of the surrounding wall part 6b can be reliably guided to the neutralizer 9, and it is excellent in the reliability of dew condensation water collection | recovery.
The length, width, pitch, number, etc. of the openings 7 of the heat exchanger cover 6 are formed so that the exhaust resistance of the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device 1 as a whole is comparable to the exhaust resistance of the existing exhaust top. And prevented changes in the combustion state.
In the present embodiment, the opening 7 is formed in a vertically long hole shape, but the shape of the opening 7 is not limited to this, and is formed in various shapes such as a circular shape, a rectangular shape, and a polygonal shape. can do. In that case, the peripheral wall 6b can be formed of a punching metal, and the exhaust resistance can be easily adjusted by the size, shape, etc. of the opening 7.

中和器９は、熱交換部３の外周と排気筒部２の内周との間の空間に配置した。これにより、中和器９を排気筒部２と一体に取り扱うことができ、別途、中和器９を設置するスペースや中和器９を固定する作業などが不要で、省スペース性、設置作業性に優れる。中和剤としては、炭酸カルシウムを用いた。中和剤の量は、適宜、選択することができるが、予め給湯器本体の寿命に合わせた量を収容することにより、中和剤の注ぎ足しが不要で、取扱い性、メンテナンス性に優れる。 The neutralizer 9 was disposed in a space between the outer periphery of the heat exchange unit 3 and the inner periphery of the exhaust tube unit 2. As a result, the neutralizer 9 can be handled integrally with the exhaust tube section 2, and a space for installing the neutralizer 9 and a work for fixing the neutralizer 9 are not required separately. Excellent in properties. As the neutralizing agent, calcium carbonate was used. The amount of the neutralizing agent can be selected as appropriate. However, by storing an amount corresponding to the life of the water heater body in advance, it is not necessary to add the neutralizing agent, and the handling property and the maintenance property are excellent.

以上のように構成された実施の形態１の排気トップ型排熱回収器の取り付け方法について、図を用いて説明する。
図２（ａ）は補助熱交換器を備えていない既存の給湯器を示す断面模式図であり、図２（ｂ）は既存の給湯器に実施の形態１の排気トップ型排熱回収器を取り付けた状態を示す断面模式図である。
図２（ａ）中、１０は補助熱交換器を備えていない既存の給湯器、１１は給湯器１０の燃焼部、１２は給湯器１０の一次熱交換器（主熱交換器）、１２ａは給湯器１０の給水接続口、１２ｂは給湯器１０の出湯接続口、１３は給湯器１０の消音筒、１４は給湯器１０の排気口、１５は排気口１４に覆設された給湯器１０の排気トップである。尚、排気口１４には煙突を接続することも可能である。 A method of mounting the exhaust top heat exhaust heat recovery device of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an existing water heater that does not include an auxiliary heat exchanger, and FIG. 2B shows the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device of the first embodiment added to the existing water heater. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the attached state.
In FIG. 2A, 10 is an existing water heater without an auxiliary heat exchanger, 11 is a combustion part of the water heater 10, 12 is a primary heat exchanger (main heat exchanger) of the water heater 10, and 12a is A water supply connection port of the water heater 10, 12 b is a hot water connection port of the water heater 10, 13 is a silencer tube of the water heater 10, 14 is an exhaust port of the water heater 10, and 15 is an outlet of the water heater 10 covered by the exhaust port 14. The exhaust top. A chimney can be connected to the exhaust port 14.

既存の給湯器１０に実施の形態１の排気トップ型排熱回収器１を取り付けるには、まず、既存の排気トップ１５を取り外す。
次に、排気トップ型排熱回収器１の排気筒部２の底部２ａから下方に突出して形成された円筒状の固定部２ｃ（図１（ａ）参照）を給湯器１０の排気口１４の先端に嵌合させ配置し、固定孔２ｄを用いてねじ止め固定する。
固定部２ｃを給湯器１０の排気口１４に覆設されている既存の排気トップ１５の固定部に合わせて固定部２ｃと固定孔２ｄを形成しておけば、排気トップ型排熱回収器１を簡便かつ確実に固定することができ、組立作業性、固定安定性に優れると共に、必要に応じて容易に取り外すことができ、メンテナンス性に優れる。
次に、給水源（図示せず）と熱交換器４の給水口５ａを接続し、熱交換器４の出湯口５ｂと給湯器１０の給水接続口１２ａを接続する。 In order to attach the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device 1 of the first embodiment to the existing hot water heater 10, first, the existing exhaust top 15 is removed.
Next, a cylindrical fixing portion 2c (see FIG. 1A) formed to protrude downward from the bottom portion 2a of the exhaust tube portion 2 of the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device 1 is connected to the exhaust port 14 of the water heater 10. It is fitted and arranged at the tip, and fixed with screws using the fixing hole 2d.
If the fixing portion 2c and the fixing hole 2d are formed in accordance with the fixing portion of the existing exhaust top 15 that covers the exhaust port 14 of the water heater 10, the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device 1 Can be easily and reliably fixed, and is excellent in assembling workability and fixing stability, and can be easily removed as necessary, and is excellent in maintainability.
Next, a water supply source (not shown) and the water supply port 5a of the heat exchanger 4 are connected, and the hot water outlet 5b of the heat exchanger 4 and the water supply connection port 12a of the water heater 10 are connected.

次に、実施の形態１の排気トップ型排熱回収器を取り付けた給湯器の動作について説明する。
図２（ｂ）において燃焼部１１での燃焼に伴って発生した燃焼排ガスは、排気口１４を通り、図１（ａ）の排気トップ型排熱回収器１の導入口２ｃに案内されて、熱交換器４の軸心の中空部に進入する。
図１（ａ）に示すように、熱交換器４の上端及び外周が熱交換器カバー６で覆われ、熱交換器カバー６の周壁部６ｂに複数の縦長孔状の開口部７が形成されているので、燃焼排ガスは熱交換器４の中空部を下から上へ移動しながら、コイル状の熱交換器の経路の隙間から外周方向へ排出される。
このとき、給水口５ａから供給された水は、熱交換器４の内部を上端側から下端側の出湯口５ｂに向かって旋回するように移動し、熱交換器４の内部を流れる水と、燃焼排ガスとの間で熱交換が行われる。これにより、燃焼排ガスの温度が低下し、露点以下になると、燃焼排ガスに含まれる水分が結露する。 Next, the operation of the water heater to which the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device of Embodiment 1 is attached will be described.
In FIG. 2B, the combustion exhaust gas generated along with the combustion in the combustion section 11 passes through the exhaust port 14 and is guided to the introduction port 2c of the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device 1 in FIG. It enters into the hollow portion of the axial center of the heat exchanger 4.
As shown in FIG. 1A, the upper end and outer periphery of the heat exchanger 4 are covered with a heat exchanger cover 6, and a plurality of vertically elongated openings 7 are formed in the peripheral wall portion 6 b of the heat exchanger cover 6. Therefore, the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the gap in the path of the coiled heat exchanger toward the outer periphery while moving from the bottom to the top of the hollow portion of the heat exchanger 4.
At this time, the water supplied from the water supply port 5a moves inside the heat exchanger 4 so as to turn from the upper end side toward the bottom hot water outlet 5b, and the water flowing inside the heat exchanger 4; Heat exchange is performed with the combustion exhaust gas. Thereby, when the temperature of combustion exhaust gas falls and it becomes below a dew point, the moisture contained in combustion exhaust gas will dew condensation.

排気筒部２の内部で発生した結露水は、熱交換器カバー６の周壁部６ｂに沿って流れ、中和器９に案内される。尚、周壁部６ｂに複数の開口部７が形成されていることにより、周壁部６ｂの内面に沿って流れる結露水が開口部７を通って中和器９に流入し易く、結露水の回収性に優れる。尚、周壁部６ｂの下端部で中和器９の位置と重なる円周上の位置に、別途、結露水を排出するための結露水排出孔を設けることにより、熱交換器カバー６の内部に溜まる結露水を外部に漏らすことなく、確実に中和器９に案内することができる。
中和器９に案内された結露水は、水位が排水口９ａの高さに達するまで中和器９の内部に蓄えられ、中和剤によって確実に中和されて、排水口９ａから排出される。
また、熱交換によって余熱された熱交換器４の内部を流れる水は、出湯口５ｂから図２（ｂ）の給湯器１０の給水接続口１２ａに供給され、さらに、燃焼部１１で加熱された一次熱交換器（主熱交換器）１２で熱交換され、出湯接続口１２ｂから出湯される。 The condensed water generated inside the exhaust cylinder portion 2 flows along the peripheral wall portion 6 b of the heat exchanger cover 6 and is guided to the neutralizer 9. In addition, since the some opening part 7 is formed in the surrounding wall part 6b, the dew condensation water which flows along the inner surface of the surrounding wall part 6b tends to flow into the neutralizer 9 through the opening part 7, and collection | recovery of dew condensation water Excellent in properties. In addition, a condensation water discharge hole for discharging condensed water is separately provided at a position on the circumference that overlaps with the position of the neutralizer 9 at the lower end portion of the peripheral wall 6b, so that the inside of the heat exchanger cover 6 is provided. The accumulated condensed water can be reliably guided to the neutralizer 9 without leaking outside.
The condensed water guided to the neutralizer 9 is stored in the neutralizer 9 until the water level reaches the height of the drain port 9a, is surely neutralized by the neutralizer, and is discharged from the drain port 9a. The
Further, the water flowing through the heat exchanger 4 that has been reheated by heat exchange is supplied from the hot water outlet 5b to the water supply connection port 12a of the water heater 10 in FIG. 2 (b) and further heated by the combustion unit 11. Heat is exchanged in the primary heat exchanger (main heat exchanger) 12, and the hot water is discharged from the hot water connection port 12b.

以上のように実施の形態１における排気トップ型排熱回収器によれば、以下の作用を有する。
（１）給湯器の排気口に覆設される排気筒部に熱交換部が内設されているので、給湯器の既存の排気トップに代えて、排気口に排気筒部を覆設し、固定するだけで、補助熱交換器（二次熱交換器）として機能する熱交換部を簡便に増設することができ、給湯器本体を買い換えることなく、熱効率（燃費）の向上と二酸化炭素（ＣＯ₂）の排出量の削減を図り、既存の給湯器を有効に活用することができ、省資源性、汎用性に優れる。
（２）給水源に接続される給水口と給湯器の給水接続口に接続される出湯口とを有するコイル状に形成され排気筒部に内設された熱交換器を有する熱交換部を備えていることにより、給水源から供給される水を熱交換器の内部に通水し、給湯器の排気口から排出される燃焼排ガスが排気筒部を通過する間に熱交換を行って、排熱（潜熱）を回収することができ、予熱された水を出湯口から給湯器の給水接続口に供給して、既存の給湯器の熱効率（燃費）の向上と二酸化炭素（ＣＯ₂）の排出量の削減を図ることができ、省エネルギー性、環境保護性、汎用性に優れる。
（３）熱交換部がコイル状に形成され排気筒部に内設された熱交換器を有するので、コンパクトで熱交換面積が大きく、省スペース性、熱交換の効率性に優れる。
（４）排気筒部の内部の結露水を排出する排水部を有することにより、結露水を確実に排気筒部の外部に排出或いは回収して中和することができ、排気筒部の内部に結露水が溜まることがなく、安全性、環境保護性に優れる。
（５）排水部が、排気筒部に内設され結露水を中和する中和器を有することにより、別途、中和器を設置するスペースや中和器を固定する作業などが不要で、省スペース性、設置作業性に優れる。
（６）排水部が、中和器の上端側で排気筒部に形設された排水口を有するので、結露水の水位が中和器の上端に達するまで貯水することができ、結露水と中和器の内部に収容された中和剤を十分に接触させて、結露水を確実に中和してから排水することができ、安全性に優れる。
（７）熱交換部の熱交換器カバーが、熱交換器の上端を覆う天板部と、熱交換器の外周を覆う周壁部と、周壁部に穿設された複数の縦長孔状の開口部と、を有するので、給湯器の排気口から排出され熱交換器の軸心の中空部を通過する燃焼排ガスが、そのまま熱交換器の上端側から抜け出ることを防止でき、燃焼排ガスが確実にコイル状の経路間の隙間を通過し、効率的に熱交換を行うことができ、燃焼排ガスを開口部から熱交換器カバーの外へ案内して、排気筒部の排気孔から排気することができ、排熱回収の効率性、排気の確実性に優れる。
（８）熱交換器カバーの開口部が、縦長孔状に形成されていることにより、熱交換器の経路間の隙間と開口部が直交し、両者の重なりを小さく抑えることができ、燃焼排ガスが開口部から抜け難く、熱交換器と燃焼排ガスとの接触時間を長くして、排熱（潜熱）の回収性を向上することができる。
（９）熱交換器カバーの周壁部をパンチングメタルで形成した場合、開口部を円形状、矩形状、多角形状などの様々な形状に容易に形成することができ、開口部の大きさ、形状、配置等の選択が容易で、排気抵抗を簡便に調節することができ、設計自在性、量産性に優れる。 As described above, according to the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device in the first embodiment, the following operations are provided.
(1) Since the heat exchanging part is installed in the exhaust cylinder part that is covered by the exhaust port of the water heater, instead of the existing exhaust top of the water heater, the exhaust cylinder part is provided to cover the exhaust port, By simply fixing, it is possible to easily add a heat exchange unit that functions as an auxiliary heat exchanger (secondary heat exchanger), improving the thermal efficiency (fuel consumption) and carbon dioxide (CO) without replacing the water heater body. ₂ ) Emissions can be reduced, existing water heaters can be used effectively, and resource saving and versatility are excellent.
(2) A heat exchanging unit having a heat exchanger formed in a coil shape having a water supply port connected to a water supply source and a hot water outlet connected to a water supply connection port of the water heater is provided in the exhaust tube unit. As a result, the water supplied from the water supply source is passed through the heat exchanger, and heat exchange is performed while the flue gas discharged from the exhaust port of the water heater passes through the exhaust tube, and the exhaust gas is discharged. Heat (latent heat) can be recovered, and preheated water is supplied from the outlet to the water supply connection of the water heater, improving the thermal efficiency (fuel consumption) of the existing water heater and discharging carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) The amount can be reduced, and energy saving, environmental protection, and versatility are excellent.
(3) Since the heat exchanging part has a heat exchanger formed in a coil shape and installed in the exhaust cylinder part, it is compact and has a large heat exchanging area, and is excellent in space saving and heat exchanging efficiency.
(4) By having a drainage part for discharging condensed water inside the exhaust cylinder part, the condensed water can be reliably discharged or collected outside the exhaust cylinder part and neutralized. Condensed water does not accumulate and is excellent in safety and environmental protection.
(5) Since the drainage unit has a neutralizer that is installed in the exhaust tube and neutralizes the condensed water, a space for installing the neutralizer and work for fixing the neutralizer are unnecessary. Excellent space saving and installation workability.
(6) Since the drainage part has a drainage port formed in the exhaust tube part on the upper end side of the neutralizer, water can be stored until the water level of the condensed water reaches the upper end of the neutralizer. The neutralizer accommodated inside the neutralizer can be sufficiently brought into contact with water to reliably neutralize the condensed water before draining, which is excellent in safety.
(7) The heat exchanger cover of the heat exchanging part has a top plate part that covers the upper end of the heat exchanger, a peripheral wall part that covers the outer periphery of the heat exchanger, and a plurality of vertically long hole-like openings formed in the peripheral wall part Therefore, the flue gas exhausted from the exhaust port of the water heater and passing through the hollow portion of the axial center of the heat exchanger can be prevented from escaping as it is from the upper end side of the heat exchanger. Passing through the gap between the coiled paths, heat exchange can be performed efficiently, and combustion exhaust gas can be guided out of the heat exchanger cover from the opening and exhausted from the exhaust hole of the exhaust tube part It is excellent in exhaust heat recovery efficiency and exhaust reliability.
(8) Since the opening of the heat exchanger cover is formed in the shape of a vertically long hole, the gap between the paths of the heat exchanger and the opening are orthogonal to each other, and the overlap between the two can be kept small, and the combustion exhaust gas Is difficult to escape from the opening, and the contact time between the heat exchanger and the combustion exhaust gas can be lengthened to improve the recovery of exhaust heat (latent heat).
(9) When the peripheral wall of the heat exchanger cover is formed of punching metal, the opening can be easily formed into various shapes such as a circular shape, a rectangular shape, a polygonal shape, and the size and shape of the opening portion. The arrangement and the like can be easily selected, the exhaust resistance can be easily adjusted, and the design flexibility and mass productivity are excellent.

以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明する。
（実施例１）
実施の形態１の排気トップ型排熱回収器１を取り付けた図２（ｂ）の給湯器１０につき、給湯能力、効率、排気温度の測定を行った。
給水温度Ｔ₀＝１４．５℃、出湯温度Ｔ₁＝４９．７℃、出湯量Ｍ＝１９．７２Ｌ／ｍｉｎで、１時間給湯したときの連続給湯能力Ｑは
Ｑ＝（Ｔ₁−Ｔ₀）×Ｍ×６０［ｍｉｎ］
＝（４９．７−１４．５）×１９．７２×６０
＝４１６４８．６４［ｋｃａｌ］
＝４８．４３［ｋｗ］
となる。
このときの１時間当たりの燃料消費量Ｖ＝５．０８Ｌで、灯油１Ｌの発熱量Ｑ_H＝８６２６．８ｋｃａｌ／Ｌとすると、連続給湯効率ηは
η＝Ｑ÷（Ｖ×Ｑ_H）×１００
＝４１６４８．６４÷（５．０８×８６２６．８）×１００
＝９５（％）
となった。
尚、排気温度Ｔ_e＝８５．５℃であった。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples.
Example 1
The hot water supply capacity, efficiency, and exhaust temperature of the hot water heater 10 shown in FIG. 2B to which the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device 1 of Embodiment 1 was attached were measured.
The continuous hot water supply capacity Q when hot water is supplied for 1 hour at a hot water supply temperature T ₀ = 14.5 ° C., a tapping temperature T ₁ = 49.7 ° C., a tapping amount M = 19.72 L / min is Q = (T ₁ −T ₀ ) X M x 60 [min]
= (49.7-14.5) x 19.72 x 60
= 41648.64 [kcal]
= 48.43 [kw]
It becomes.
If the fuel consumption per hour at this time is V = 5.08L and the calorific value of kerosene 1L is Q _H = 8626.8 kcal / L, then the continuous hot water supply efficiency η is η = Q ÷ (V × Q _H ) × 100
= 41648.64 ÷ (5.08 × 8626.8) × 100
= 95 (%)
It became.
Incidentally, an exhaust temperature T _e = 85.5 ℃.

尚、実施の形態１の排気トップ型排熱回収器１を取り付ける前の図２（ａ）の既存の給湯器１０の連続給湯能力Ｑ＝４５．３ｋｗ、連続給湯効率η＝８７．５％、排気温度Ｔ_e＝２００℃程度であった。
以上の結果から、実施の形態１の排気トップ型排熱回収器１を取り付けることにより、既存の給湯器１０の連続給湯効率を７〜９％程度、向上できることがわかった。
また、連続給湯能力も８％程度、向上させることができ、その分、燃料消費量を節約することが可能で、二酸化炭素（ＣＯ₂）の排出量も削減できることがわかった。 In addition, before attaching the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device 1 of Embodiment 1, the continuous hot water supply capacity Q = 45.3 kw of the existing hot water heater 10 in FIG. 2A, continuous hot water supply efficiency η = 87.5%, The exhaust temperature T _e was about 200 ° C.
From the above results, it was found that the continuous hot water supply efficiency of the existing hot water heater 10 can be improved by about 7 to 9% by attaching the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device 1 of the first embodiment.
In addition, it was found that the continuous hot water supply capacity can be improved by about 8%, fuel consumption can be saved correspondingly, and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) emissions can be reduced.

本発明は、簡素な構造で、量産性、取扱い性に優れ、補助熱交換器を備えていない既存の給湯器等の排気トップと簡便に交換して取り付けることができ、汎用性に優れ、既存の給湯器等の本体を買い換えることなく、熱効率（燃費）の向上と二酸化炭素（ＣＯ₂）の排出量の削減を図ることができ、既存の給湯器等を有効に利用することができる効率性、環境保護性、省資源性に優れた排気トップ型排熱回収器の提供を行うことができ、環境問題、省エネルギー問題に貢献することができる。 The present invention has a simple structure, is excellent in mass productivity and handleability, can be easily replaced with an exhaust top of an existing water heater without an auxiliary heat exchanger, and has excellent versatility. Efficiency that can improve the efficiency of heat (fuel consumption) and reduce carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) emissions without replacing the main body of hot water heaters. It is possible to provide an exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery unit excellent in environmental protection and resource saving, and can contribute to environmental problems and energy saving problems.

（ａ）実施の形態１の排気トップ型排熱回収器の断面模式図（ｂ）図１（ａ）のＡ−Ａ線矢視断面模式図(A) Schematic cross-sectional view of exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device of Embodiment 1 (b) Schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. （ａ）補助熱交換器を備えていない既存の給湯器を示す断面模式図（ｂ）既存の給湯器に実施の形態１の排気トップ型排熱回収器を取り付けた状態を示す断面模式図(A) Schematic cross-sectional view showing an existing hot water heater not provided with an auxiliary heat exchanger (b) Schematic cross-sectional view showing a state where the exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device of Embodiment 1 is attached to the existing hot water heater

Explanation of symbols

１排気トップ型排熱回収器
２排気筒部
２ａ底部
２ｂ支持板
２ｃ固定部
２ｄ固定孔
２ｅ導入口
２ｆ仕切板
２ｇ排気寄せ口
２ｈ排気孔
３熱交換部
４熱交換器
５ａ給水口
５ｂ出湯口
６熱交換器カバー
６ａ天板部
６ｂ周壁部
７開口部
８排水部
９中和器
９ａ排水口
１０給湯器
１１燃焼部
１２一次熱交換器（主熱交換器）
１２ａ給水接続口
１２ｂ出湯接続口
１３消音筒
１４排気口
１５排気トップ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device 2 Exhaust cylinder part 2a Bottom part 2b Support plate 2c Fixing part 2d Fixing hole 2e Inlet 2f Partition plate 2g Exhaust opening 2h Exhaust hole 3 Heat exchange part 4 Heat exchanger 5a Feeding port 5b Hot water outlet 6 Heat exchanger cover 6a Top plate part 6b Peripheral wall part 7 Opening part 8 Drain part 9 Neutralizer 9a Drain port 10 Water heater 11 Combustion part 12 Primary heat exchanger (main heat exchanger)
12a Water supply connection port 12b Hot water connection port 13 Silencer tube 14 Exhaust port 15 Exhaust top

Claims

An exhaust pipe portion that covers the exhaust port instead of the exhaust top of the water heater, a water supply port that is connected to the water supply source, and a hot water outlet that is connected to the water supply connection port of the water heater are provided in the exhaust pipe portion. A heat exchange part having a heat exchanger installed, and a drainage part for discharging condensed water inside the exhaust cylinder part ,
The drainage unit includes a neutralizer that is installed in the exhaust tube unit and neutralizes the condensed water, and a drain port that is formed in the exhaust tube unit on the upper end side of the neutralizer . An exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device characterized by that.

The heat exchanger includes a top plate portion that covers an upper end of the heat exchanger, a peripheral wall portion that covers an outer periphery of the heat exchanger, and a plurality of openings that are formed in the peripheral wall portion. The exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device according to claim 1, further comprising a cover.

The exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device according to claim 2 , wherein the peripheral wall portion of the heat exchanger cover is formed of a punching metal.

The exhaust top type exhaust heat recovery device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a lower end of the peripheral wall portion of the heat exchanger cover is disposed at a height equal to or lower than an upper end of the neutralizer.

The exhaust top type according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a fixing portion formed to be fixed to a casing of the water heater at a lower end portion of the exhaust cylinder portion. Waste heat recovery unit.