JP5432766B2

JP5432766B2 - Foundation structure of the building

Info

Publication number: JP5432766B2
Application number: JP2010039050A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 幸雄桑原
Original assignee: 株式会社内藤ハウス
Priority date: 2010-02-24
Filing date: 2010-02-24
Publication date: 2014-03-05
Anticipated expiration: 2030-02-24
Also published as: JP2011174290A

Description

本発明は建造物の基礎構造に係り、特に仮設建造物に有効な基礎構造に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a foundation structure of a building, and more particularly to a foundation structure effective for a temporary building.

従来、建造物の基礎構造としてコンクリートで基礎梁を形成することが広く行われていたが、近年、基礎工事の期間短縮、コンクリートによる地盤の汚染、掘削により生じる残土の処理等が問題となっていた。また、仮設建造物の場合には建造物を撤去する際に基礎梁のコンクリートを破砕し、鉄筋と仕分けする作業が煩わしいものであった。そこで、建造物の簡便な基礎構造として、下端に切削刃や羽根を備えた鋼管杭を地面にねじ込んで埋設し、この鋼管杭に溶接された杭側ベースプレートに柱に溶接された柱側ベースプレートをボルトで締結して基礎とする施工法が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。この施工法においては、コンクリートを使用しないため、基礎工事の期間を短縮することができ、地盤の汚染もなく、杭の埋設にも残土が発生しないという利点がある反面、学校の校庭に仮校舎を建造する場合のように、校庭や排水の悪い土地などで排水管を地中に埋設してある場所での基礎工事では、鋼管杭のねじ込みによって排水管を損傷する恐れがあった。 Conventionally, it has been widely practiced to form foundation beams with concrete as the foundation structure of buildings, but in recent years there have been problems such as shortening the period of foundation work, contamination of the ground with concrete, and disposal of residual soil generated by excavation. It was. Further, in the case of a temporary building, when removing the building, the work of crushing the concrete of the foundation beam and sorting it from the reinforcing bars is troublesome. Therefore, as a simple foundation structure of a building, a steel pipe pile with cutting blades and blades at the lower end is screwed into the ground and buried, and a pillar side base plate welded to the pillar is welded to the pile side base plate welded to this steel pipe pile. A construction method based on fastening with bolts has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1). Since this construction method does not use concrete, the period of foundation work can be shortened, there is no soil contamination, and there is no residual soil in pile laying, but in the schoolyard, there is a temporary school building. When building foundations in places where drainage pipes are buried underground, such as in schoolyards or in poorly drained areas, there is a risk of drainage pipes being damaged by screwing steel pipe piles.

特開平１１−１８１７９０号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-181790

そこで、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、仮設の建造物であるか否かに関わらず、また排水管が地面に埋設されているか否かに関わりなく、鋼管杭を用いることなく、簡便な建造物の基礎構造を提供することにある。 Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is simple, without using a steel pipe pile, regardless of whether it is a temporary building, and whether the drain pipe is buried in the ground. It is to provide the foundation structure of the building.

本発明の一実施例に係る建造物の基礎構造は、地面の上に置かれる鉄板と、この鉄板のほぼ中心軸に沿って配置される長尺の基礎梁と、この基礎梁を前記鉄板に固定するために鉄板の両側に配置されたフック部材とを備えることを特徴とする。 The basic structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an iron plate placed on the ground, a long foundation beam disposed substantially along the central axis of the iron plate, and the foundation beam as the iron plate. And hook members arranged on both sides of the iron plate for fixing.

前記基礎梁は鉄板の上に直接配置され、又は鉄板への荷重を分散するため鉄板上に配置された補助梁を介して間接的に配置される。 The foundation beam is arranged directly on the iron plate or indirectly through auxiliary beams arranged on the iron plate in order to distribute the load on the iron plate.

前記フック部材は鉄板の両側に引っ掛けて使用される。鉄板の上に直接基礎梁を配置する場合には、フック部材と基礎梁との間に連結部材を掛け渡して基礎梁を直接固定する。一方、鉄板の上に補助梁を介して間接的に基礎梁を配置する場合には、鉄板の両側付近まで延びる補助梁の両端をフック部材で固定し、この補助梁に基礎梁を固定する。 The hook member is used by being hooked on both sides of the iron plate. When arranging the foundation beam directly on the iron plate, the foundation beam is directly fixed by spanning a connecting member between the hook member and the foundation beam. On the other hand, when the foundation beam is indirectly arranged on the iron plate via the auxiliary beam, both ends of the auxiliary beam extending to the vicinity of both sides of the iron plate are fixed with hook members, and the foundation beam is fixed to the auxiliary beam.

本発明に係る建造物の基礎構造にあっては、既製の鉄板を利用することができ、この鉄板に取付穴などの加工を一切行なうことなく、そのまま使用することができる。そして、この鉄板を地面の上に敷き、その上に基礎梁を直接配置し又は補助梁を介して間接的に配置し、鉄板の両側に引っ掛けたフック部材を用いて連結するだけで鉄板に基礎梁を固定することができ、建造物の基礎構造としてきわめて簡便なものである。 In the basic structure of the building according to the present invention, a ready-made iron plate can be used, and the iron plate can be used as it is without any processing such as mounting holes. Then, lay this iron plate on the ground, place the foundation beam directly on it or indirectly through the auxiliary beam, and simply connect it using hook members hooked on both sides of the iron plate to connect the foundation to the iron plate The beam can be fixed, and it is extremely simple as the foundation structure of the building.

本発明の第１実施例に係る建造物の基礎構造の平面図である。It is a top view of the foundation structure of the building concerning the 1st example of the present invention. 図１のＡ−Ａ線断面図である。It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. 図１の要部の拡大斜視図である。It is an expansion perspective view of the principal part of FIG. 本発明の第２実施例に係る建造物の基礎構造の平面図である。It is a top view of the foundation structure of the building which concerns on 2nd Example of this invention. 図４のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。It is the BB sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 図４の要部の拡大斜視図である。It is an expansion perspective view of the principal part of FIG. 第２実施例の基礎構造を施工する場合において鉄板上に補助梁を配置する工程を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the process of arrange | positioning an auxiliary beam on an iron plate, when constructing the basic structure of 2nd Example. 第２実施例の基礎構造を施工する場合において鉄板に補助梁を固定する工程を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the process of fixing an auxiliary beam to an iron plate, when constructing the foundation structure of 2nd Example. 第２実施例の基礎構造を施工する場合において補助梁に基礎梁を固定する工程を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the process of fixing a foundation beam to an auxiliary beam in the case of constructing the foundation structure of 2nd Example. 第２実施例の基礎構造を施工する場合において補助梁に基礎梁を固定した状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which fixed the foundation beam to the auxiliary beam in the case of constructing the foundation structure of 2nd Example. 第２固定手段の他の実施例を示す要部斜視図である。It is a principal part perspective view which shows the other Example of a 2nd fixing means. 第２固定手段の他の実施例を示す要部正面図である。It is a principal part front view which shows the other Example of a 2nd fixing means. 本発明の第３実施例に係る建造物の基礎構造の平面図である。It is a top view of the foundation structure of the building which concerns on 3rd Example of this invention. 図１３のＣ−Ｃ線断面図である。It is CC sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 図１３の要部の拡大斜視図である。It is an expansion perspective view of the principal part of FIG.

以下添付図面に基づいて本発明に係る建造物の基礎構造の実施形態を詳細に説明する。図１乃至図３には本発明に係る建造物の基礎構造の第１実施例が示されている。この実施例に係る基礎構造は、長方形状の薄板の鉄板１と、この鉄板１のほぼ中心軸１ａ上に配置される長尺の基礎梁２と、この基礎梁２を前記鉄板１に固定する固定手段３とを備えるものである。鉄板１は例えば調達し易い既製のリース品をそのまま利用することができる。 Embodiments of a foundation structure for a building according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of a foundation structure for a building according to the present invention. The basic structure according to this embodiment includes a rectangular thin iron plate 1, a long foundation beam 2 disposed on a substantially central axis 1 a of the iron plate 1, and the foundation beam 2 fixed to the iron plate 1. The fixing means 3 is provided. For the iron plate 1, for example, ready-made lease products that are easy to procure can be used as they are.

この鉄板１を、地面４の上に直接敷いてもよいが、図２に示したように、基礎梁２の長手方向に沿って地面４に浅く溝５を掘り、この溝５内に敷き詰めた砂利６の上に敷いた方が鉄板１に掛かる荷重に対して安定性を増す。施工する際には図１に示したように、鉄板１の長辺側が溝５と平行になるように複数敷き並べる。 Although this iron plate 1 may be laid directly on the ground 4, as shown in FIG. 2, a shallow groove 5 is dug in the ground 4 along the longitudinal direction of the foundation beam 2, and the groove 5 is laid in the groove 5. The direction laid on the gravel 6 increases the stability against the load applied to the iron plate 1. At the time of construction, as shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of the steel plates 1 are laid out so that the long side is parallel to the groove 5.

鉄板１の上に配置される基礎梁２には例えば長尺のＨ形鋼が用いられ、このＨ形鋼が固定手段３によって鉄板１に固定される。この固定手段３は、一例では図３に示したように、鉄板１の両側の各側縁部１ｂ、１ｂに引っ掛けるフック部材７と、このフック部材７と基礎梁２との間に掛け渡される連結材としてのシャフト８と、このシャフト８の両端をフック部材７および基礎梁２にそれぞれ締結するナット９ａ，９ｂとを備える。なお、シャフト８の両端部には雄ネジ１０が切ってある。 For example, a long H-shaped steel is used for the foundation beam 2 disposed on the iron plate 1, and this H-shaped steel is fixed to the iron plate 1 by the fixing means 3. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the fixing means 3 is hooked between the hook members 7 that are hooked on the side edges 1 b and 1 b on both sides of the iron plate 1, and the hook members 7 and the foundation beam 2. A shaft 8 as a connecting member and nuts 9a and 9b for fastening both ends of the shaft 8 to the hook member 7 and the foundation beam 2 are provided. Note that male screws 10 are cut at both ends of the shaft 8.

前記フック部材７は、鉄板１の側縁部１ｂを抱き込むコ字形状のフック部１１と、このフック部１１とは逆向きに屈曲されて鉄板１の上面に垂直に立つ縦壁部１２とで構成され、この縦壁部１２にシャフト挿通孔１３が開設されている。また、基礎梁２のウエブ２ａには一対のシャフト挿通孔１４ａ，１４ｂが開設されている。この一対のシャフト挿通孔１４ａ，１４ｂは、一定間隔毎に設けられており、この実施例では図1に示すように、1枚の鉄板１に対して3箇所に設けられている。 The hook member 7 includes a U-shaped hook portion 11 that embraces the side edge 1b of the iron plate 1, and a vertical wall portion 12 that is bent in the opposite direction to the hook portion 11 and stands perpendicular to the upper surface of the iron plate 1. A shaft insertion hole 13 is formed in the vertical wall portion 12. In addition, a pair of shaft insertion holes 14 a and 14 b are formed in the web 2 a of the foundation beam 2. The pair of shaft insertion holes 14a and 14b are provided at regular intervals. In this embodiment, the shaft insertion holes 14a and 14b are provided at three locations with respect to one iron plate 1 as shown in FIG.

上記溝５内に敷き並べた鉄板１の上に基礎梁２を固定する場合には、鉄板１のほぼ中心軸１ａ上に基礎梁２を配置したのち、基礎梁２のウエブ２ａに開設された一対のシャフト挿通孔１４ａ，１４ｂの位置に合わせて鉄板１の両側に一対のフック部材７をそれぞれ配置し、各フック部材７のフック部１１を鉄板１の側縁部１ｂに抱き込ませる。次いで、基礎梁２のウエブ２ａに設けられたシャフト挿通孔１４ａ，１４ｂとフック部材７の縦壁部１２に設けられたシャフト挿通孔１３との間にシャフト８を掛け渡し、シャフト８の外側からナット９ａで締め付ける。なお、シャフト８を掛け渡す際には、内側から締め付けるナット９ｂを予めシャフト８に嵌め込んでおく。また、１箇所で連結する２本のシャフト８は、図１に示すように一直線上になく前後に少しずれた位置関係で基礎梁２を連結している。 When the foundation beam 2 is fixed on the iron plate 1 laid in the groove 5, the foundation beam 2 is arranged on the substantially central axis 1 a of the iron plate 1 and then opened on the web 2 a of the foundation beam 2. A pair of hook members 7 are arranged on both sides of the iron plate 1 in accordance with the positions of the pair of shaft insertion holes 14a and 14b, and the hook portions 11 of the hook members 7 are held in the side edge portions 1b of the iron plate 1. Next, the shaft 8 is spanned between the shaft insertion holes 14 a and 14 b provided in the web 2 a of the foundation beam 2 and the shaft insertion hole 13 provided in the vertical wall portion 12 of the hook member 7. Tighten with nut 9a. When the shaft 8 is passed over, a nut 9b to be tightened from the inside is fitted into the shaft 8 in advance. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the two shafts 8 connected at one place connect the foundation beam 2 with a positional relationship that is not on a straight line but slightly shifted back and forth.

この実施例では、基礎梁２を連結する左右２本のシャフト８の長さを左右で調整しながらナット９ａを締め付けることで、基礎梁２の左右方向の位置ズレを修正することができる。このように調整手段を持つことで、鉄板１が多少ラフに敷いてあったり、或いは基礎梁２が鉄板１の中心軸１ａ上に正確に配置されなくても、支障なく基礎梁２を所定の位置に設置することができ、基礎工事を簡便に且つスムーズに進めることができる。基礎梁１の左右方向の位置が決まったところでシャフト８の内側からナット９ｂを締め付けて固定を完了する。このような基礎梁２の固定作業を１枚の鉄板１に対して３箇所で行なう。なお、隣接する基礎梁２同士の連結は、例えば図３に示すように、隣接する両方の基礎梁の端部に当て板１５を掛け渡し、これをボルト１６で締結することで連結される。 In this embodiment, the lateral displacement of the foundation beam 2 can be corrected by tightening the nut 9a while adjusting the length of the left and right shafts 8 connecting the foundation beam 2 to the left and right. By having the adjusting means in this way, even if the iron plate 1 is laid somewhat rough, or even if the foundation beam 2 is not accurately arranged on the central axis 1a of the iron plate 1, the foundation beam 2 can be fixed to the predetermined position without any trouble. It can be installed at a position, and the foundation work can be carried out easily and smoothly. When the position of the foundation beam 1 in the left-right direction is determined, the nut 9b is tightened from the inside of the shaft 8 to complete the fixing. Such a fixing work of the foundation beam 2 is performed at three places on one iron plate 1. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, the adjacent foundation beams 2 are connected to each other by spanning a contact plate 15 between the ends of both adjacent foundation beams and fastening them with bolts 16.

上記一連の作業によって建造物の基礎構造が完成する。基礎梁２の上には建造物の柱１７などを組み付ける。このような建造物の基礎構造では建造物から基礎梁２に掛かる荷重を鉄板１で受けることになるが、リース品の鉄板１でも１９ｍｍ以上と厚く、また荷重を受ける面積も大きいので、鉄板１に掛かる荷重が分散することによって十分に耐え得るものである。なお、鉄板１の耐荷重性を増すために、鉄板１の短辺側が溝５と平行となるように、鉄板１を９０度回して敷き並べてもよい。 The basic structure of the building is completed through the above series of operations. A building pillar 17 or the like is assembled on the foundation beam 2. In such a foundation structure of a building, the load applied to the foundation beam 2 from the building is received by the iron plate 1, but the leased iron plate 1 is also thicker than 19 mm and the load receiving area is large. It can be sufficiently endured by dispersing the load applied to the. In addition, in order to increase the load resistance of the iron plate 1, the iron plate 1 may be laid and turned 90 degrees so that the short side of the iron plate 1 is parallel to the groove 5.

図４乃至図１０には本発明に係る建造物の基礎構造の第２実施例が示されている。この実施例に係る基礎構造は、第１実施例と同様、長方形状の薄板の鉄板１と、この鉄板１のほぼ中心軸１ａ上に配置される長尺の基礎梁２とで建造物の基礎構造を成しているが、基礎梁２が鉄板１への荷重を分散するため鉄板１上に配置された補助梁２０を介して配置されている点で第１実施例と異なる。また、この実施例に係る基礎構造では、基礎梁２を鉄板１に固定するための固定手段が、鉄板１に補助梁２０を固定する第１固定手段２１と、補助梁２０に基礎梁２を固定する第２固定手段２９とに分かれている点でも第１実施例と異なっている。この補助梁２０は、基礎梁２から鉄板１に掛かる荷重を効果的に分散するために設けられもので、図４乃至図６に示したように、溝５内に敷き並べた鉄板１の左右方向に延びる断面Ｈ形の鋼材からなり、補助梁２０の両端が鉄板１の両側付近まで延びている。なお、この実施例では補助梁２０が鉄板１の長辺方向に沿って等間隔に３本が配置されている。 4 to 10 show a second embodiment of the foundation structure of a building according to the present invention. As in the first embodiment, the foundation structure according to this embodiment includes a rectangular thin steel plate 1 and a long foundation beam 2 disposed substantially on the central axis 1a of the iron plate 1. Although it has a structure, it differs from the first embodiment in that the foundation beam 2 is arranged via the auxiliary beam 20 arranged on the iron plate 1 in order to disperse the load on the iron plate 1. In the foundation structure according to this embodiment, the fixing means for fixing the foundation beam 2 to the iron plate 1 includes the first fixing means 21 for fixing the auxiliary beam 20 to the iron plate 1 and the foundation beam 2 to the auxiliary beam 20. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the second fixing means 29 is fixed. This auxiliary beam 20 is provided in order to effectively disperse the load applied to the iron plate 1 from the foundation beam 2, and as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the left and right sides of the iron plate 1 arranged in the groove 5 are arranged. It consists of a steel material with a H-shaped cross section extending in the direction, and both ends of the auxiliary beam 20 extend to the vicinity of both sides of the iron plate 1. In this embodiment, three auxiliary beams 20 are arranged at equal intervals along the long side direction of the iron plate 1.

この実施例における補助梁２０の長さは、鉄板１の左右方向の幅寸法より少し長く形成されている。そのため、鉄板１上に配置した時に両端が鉄板１の両側から少し突出し、この突出した部分が第１固定手段２１によって鉄板１に固定される。第１固定手段２１は、鉄板１の側縁部１ｂに引っ掛ける略Ｌ形のフック部材２２と、このフック部材２２と補助梁２０とを連結するボルト２３及びナット２４からなる。フック部材２２にはＬ形の長辺２２ａ側に１個のボルト挿通孔２５（図８参照）が設けられ、また補助梁２０の下部フランジ２０ｃの両端には等間隔に並んだ３個のボルト挿通孔２６が設けられている。このボルト挿通孔２６は補助梁２０のウエブ２０ａを挟んで両側にそれぞれ設けられている。また、この実施例では横幅の異なる２種類のリース品の鉄板１に対応できるように、下部フランジ２０ｃには前記３個のボルト挿通孔２６より内側にも同じように３個のボルト挿通孔２７が設けられている。なお、これらのボルト挿通孔２６，２７の孔数は、複数個であれば３個に限定されるものではない。また、フック部材２２の短辺２２ｂ側は鉄板１の厚さと略同じ長さになっている。 The length of the auxiliary beam 20 in this embodiment is slightly longer than the width dimension of the iron plate 1 in the left-right direction. Therefore, both ends protrude slightly from both sides of the iron plate 1 when arranged on the iron plate 1, and the protruding portions are fixed to the iron plate 1 by the first fixing means 21. The first fixing means 21 includes a substantially L-shaped hook member 22 that is hooked on the side edge 1 b of the iron plate 1, and a bolt 23 and a nut 24 that connect the hook member 22 and the auxiliary beam 20. The hook member 22 is provided with one bolt insertion hole 25 (see FIG. 8) on the L-shaped long side 22a side, and three bolts arranged at equal intervals on both ends of the lower flange 20c of the auxiliary beam 20. An insertion hole 26 is provided. The bolt insertion holes 26 are provided on both sides of the auxiliary beam 20 with the web 20a interposed therebetween. Further, in this embodiment, the three bolt insertion holes 27 are also formed in the lower flange 20c in the same manner inside the three bolt insertion holes 26 so as to correspond to the two types of leased iron plates 1 having different widths. Is provided. In addition, the number of holes of these bolt insertion holes 26 and 27 is not limited to three as long as it is plural. Moreover, the short side 22b side of the hook member 22 has substantially the same length as the thickness of the iron plate 1.

基礎構造を構築する場合は、先ず地面に掘った溝内に鉄板１を敷き並べ、その上に図７に示したように、補助梁２０をこの実施例では等間隔に３本配置する。次いで、図８に示したように、補助梁２０が配置された位置でフック部材２２の長辺２２ａ側を鉄板１の側縁部１ｂの下面側に引っ掛け、フック部材２２のボルト挿通孔２５に下側から挿入したボルト２３を補助梁２０のボルト挿通孔２６に貫通させ、補助梁２０の下部フランジ２０ｃに内側からナット２４で締め付けることで、フック部材２２の長辺２２ａが鉄板１の側縁部１ｂの下面に圧接すると共にフック部材２２の短辺２２ｂの上端が補助梁２０の下部フランジ２０ｃの外側に圧接する。このようにして補助梁２０を鉄板１に固定することができる。 When constructing the foundation structure, first, the steel plates 1 are laid out in the grooves dug in the ground, and three auxiliary beams 20 are arranged at equal intervals in this embodiment as shown in FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the long side 22 a side of the hook member 22 is hooked on the lower surface side of the side edge portion 1 b of the iron plate 1 at the position where the auxiliary beam 20 is arranged, and the hook member 22 is inserted into the bolt insertion hole 25. The bolt 23 inserted from the lower side is passed through the bolt insertion hole 26 of the auxiliary beam 20, and is fastened to the lower flange 20 c of the auxiliary beam 20 with the nut 24 from the inside, whereby the long side 22 a of the hook member 22 is the side edge of the iron plate 1. The upper end of the short side 22b of the hook member 22 is pressed against the outside of the lower flange 20c of the auxiliary beam 20 while being pressed against the lower surface of the portion 1b. In this way, the auxiliary beam 20 can be fixed to the iron plate 1.

なお、この実施例では補助梁２０に設けた３個のボルト挿通孔の締め付け位置を調整することで、基礎梁２の位置ズレを修正することができる。図８に示すように、敷き並べた鉄板１の左右方向の位置が当初の設定位置よりずれている場合には、補助梁２０を鉄板１の中心軸１ａに対して左右対称に配置せずに横幅方向に少しずらせて配置し、鉄板１の両端から飛び出す長さを左右で異ならせた状態で鉄板１に固定する。その場合にフック部材２２に設けられた３個のボルト挿通孔２６の取付位置を変えることで対応することができる。 In this embodiment, the displacement of the foundation beam 2 can be corrected by adjusting the tightening positions of the three bolt insertion holes provided in the auxiliary beam 20. As shown in FIG. 8, when the left and right positions of the laid iron plates 1 are deviated from the initial set positions, the auxiliary beams 20 are not arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis 1 a of the iron plate 1. It arrange | positions a little in the width direction, and it fixes to the iron plate 1 in the state which made the length which protrudes from the both ends of the iron plate 1 differ in right and left. In that case, it can respond by changing the attachment position of the three bolt insertion holes 26 provided in the hook member 22.

補助梁２０を鉄板１に固定した後、図９に示すように、基礎梁２を鉄板１のほぼ中心軸１ａ上で補助梁２０と直交するように配置し、第２固定手段２９によって補助梁２０に固定する。補助梁２０の上部フランジ２０ｂの略中央部には４個のボルト挿通孔３０が設けられ、また基礎梁２の下部フランジ２ｃには鉄板１上に固定された３本の補助梁２０の配設位置に対応した位置に、ウエブ２ａを挟んで一対ずつのボルト挿通孔３１が設けられている。補助梁２０の上にはワッシャ板３２を挟んで基礎梁２が載置されるが、このワッシャ板３２にも４個のボルト挿通孔３３が設けられている。なお、このワッシャ板３２は基礎梁２の高さ調整用にも兼用され、ワッシャ板３２の枚数を変えたり、ワッシャ板３２の厚みを変えることで基礎梁２の高さを容易に調整することができる。 After the auxiliary beam 20 is fixed to the iron plate 1, as shown in FIG. 9, the base beam 2 is arranged so as to be orthogonal to the auxiliary beam 20 on the substantially central axis 1 a of the iron plate 1, and the second fixing means 29 fixes the auxiliary beam 20. Fix to 20. Four bolt insertion holes 30 are provided in a substantially central portion of the upper flange 20b of the auxiliary beam 20, and three auxiliary beams 20 fixed on the iron plate 1 are provided in the lower flange 2c of the base beam 2. A pair of bolt insertion holes 31 are provided at positions corresponding to the positions with the web 2a interposed therebetween. The foundation beam 2 is placed on the auxiliary beam 20 with a washer plate 32 interposed therebetween. The washer plate 32 is also provided with four bolt insertion holes 33. The washer plate 32 is also used for adjusting the height of the foundation beam 2, and the height of the foundation beam 2 can be easily adjusted by changing the number of the washer plates 32 or changing the thickness of the washer plate 32. Can do.

第２固定手段２９は、補助梁２０に基礎梁２を固定するボルト３４及びナット３５を有している。ワッシャ板３２を介して基礎梁２を補助梁２０の上に載置し、それぞれのボルト挿通孔を位置合せしたのち、補助梁２０の上部フランジ２０ｂの下側から前記ボルト３４を差し込んで基礎梁２側に貫通させ、ボルト３４の先端からナット３５を締め付けることで、図１０に示したように、基礎梁２を補助梁２０にしっかりと固定することができ、これによって建造物の基礎構造が完成する。 The second fixing means 29 has a bolt 34 and a nut 35 that fix the foundation beam 2 to the auxiliary beam 20. After the foundation beam 2 is placed on the auxiliary beam 20 via the washer plate 32 and the respective bolt insertion holes are aligned, the bolt 34 is inserted from the lower side of the upper flange 20b of the auxiliary beam 20 to insert the foundation beam. The base beam 2 can be firmly fixed to the auxiliary beam 20 as shown in FIG. 10 by penetrating to the second side and tightening the nut 35 from the tip of the bolt 34. Complete.

図１１及び図１２には第２固定手段の他の実施例が示される。ここに示された第２固定手段３６は、第１固定手段２１で用いたフック部材２２を利用して基礎梁２を固定するものである。基礎梁２の下部フランジ２ｃと補助梁２０の上部フランジ２０ｂとの間にフック部材２２を掛け渡し、フック部材２２を補助梁２０の上部フランジ２０ｂにボルト３７及びナット３８で締結することにより、フック部材２２の長辺２２ａ側で基礎梁２の下部フランジ２ｃを押さえ込み固定するものである。フック部材２２を用いることで基礎梁２を簡易に固定することができる他、基礎梁２の左右方向の位置ズレを第２固定手段３６で調整することもできる。なお、フック部材２２を利用した第２の固定手段でも、基礎梁２はワッシャ板３９を介して補助梁２０の上に載置されるが、ワッシャ板３９には前記のようなボルト挿通孔３３を設ける必要はない。 11 and 12 show another embodiment of the second fixing means. The second fixing means 36 shown here fixes the foundation beam 2 using the hook member 22 used in the first fixing means 21. By hooking the hook member 22 between the lower flange 2 c of the foundation beam 2 and the upper flange 20 b of the auxiliary beam 20, the hook member 22 is fastened to the upper flange 20 b of the auxiliary beam 20 with bolts 37 and nuts 38. The lower flange 2c of the foundation beam 2 is pressed and fixed on the long side 22a side of the member 22. By using the hook member 22, the foundation beam 2 can be easily fixed, and the positional deviation of the foundation beam 2 in the left-right direction can be adjusted by the second fixing means 36. Even in the second fixing means using the hook member 22, the foundation beam 2 is placed on the auxiliary beam 20 via the washer plate 39, but the washer plate 39 has a bolt insertion hole 33 as described above. There is no need to provide.

上記第２実施例における建造物の基礎構造では、建造物から基礎梁２に掛かる荷重を補助梁２０を介して鉄板１で受けることになる。基礎梁２からの荷重を直接鉄板１で受けることなく３本の補助梁２０で効果的に分散させているので、鉄板１の耐荷重性をより一層高めることができる。 In the foundation structure of the building in the second embodiment, the load applied to the foundation beam 2 from the building is received by the iron plate 1 via the auxiliary beam 20. Since the load from the foundation beam 2 is not directly received by the iron plate 1 but is effectively dispersed by the three auxiliary beams 20, the load resistance of the iron plate 1 can be further enhanced.

図１３乃至図１５には本発明に係る建造物の基礎構造の第３実施例が示されている。この実施例に係る基礎構造は、第２実施例と同様、長方形状の鉄板１と、この鉄板１のほぼ中心軸１ａ上に配置される長尺の基礎梁２と、鉄板１と基礎梁２との間に介装される複数の補助梁４０とで建造物の基礎構造を成しているが、鉄板１に基礎梁２を固定する第１固定手段４１が先の実施例とは異なっている。 FIGS. 13 to 15 show a third embodiment of the foundation structure of a building according to the present invention. As in the second embodiment, the foundation structure according to this embodiment includes a rectangular iron plate 1, a long foundation beam 2 disposed substantially on the central axis 1 a of the iron plate 1, and the iron plate 1 and the foundation beam 2. A plurality of auxiliary beams 40 interposed therebetween form the foundation structure of the building, but the first fixing means 41 for fixing the foundation beam 2 to the iron plate 1 is different from the previous embodiment. Yes.

この実施例における補助梁４０は、図１５に示したように、鉄板１の横幅方向に長く延びる断面Ｈ形の鋼材からなり、その両端が鉄板１の両側付近まで延びているが、先の実施例とは異なって鉄板１の横幅寸法より少し短く形成されている。また、補助梁４０の両端には端部を塞ぐ端壁部４２が形成され、この端壁部４２にシャフト挿通孔４３が設けられている。また、この実施例では第１実施例におけるフック部材７が用いられ、このフック部材７と補助梁４０の端壁部４２とを連結するシャフト４４と、このシャフト４４の両端をフック部材７および補助梁４０の端壁部４２にそれぞれ締結するナット４５ａ，４５ｂによって第１固定手段４１を構成している。なお、フック部材７は第1実施例とほぼ同様の構成からなるので、ここでは同一の符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。 As shown in FIG. 15, the auxiliary beam 40 in this embodiment is made of a steel material having an H-shaped cross section that extends long in the width direction of the iron plate 1, and both ends thereof extend to the vicinity of both sides of the iron plate 1. Unlike the example, it is formed slightly shorter than the width of the iron plate 1. Further, end walls 42 for closing the ends are formed at both ends of the auxiliary beam 40, and shaft insertion holes 43 are provided in the end walls 42. Further, in this embodiment, the hook member 7 in the first embodiment is used, a shaft 44 that connects the hook member 7 and the end wall portion 42 of the auxiliary beam 40, and both ends of the shaft 44 are connected to the hook member 7 and the auxiliary member. First fixing means 41 is constituted by nuts 45a and 45b that are fastened to the end wall portion 42 of the beam 40, respectively. Since the hook member 7 has substantially the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given here and detailed description thereof is omitted.

基礎構造を構築する場合は、先の実施例と同様、先ず地面に複数の鉄板１を敷き並べたのち、鉄板１の幅方向に補助梁４０を配置する。次いで、補助梁４０の端壁部４２に設けたシャフト挿通孔４３の位置に合わせて鉄板１の両側にそれぞれフック部材７を配置し、各フック部材７のフック部１１を鉄板１の側縁部１ｂに引っ掛ける。次いで、補助梁４０の端壁部４２に設けたシャフト挿通孔４３とフック部材７の縦壁部１２に設けたシャフト挿通孔１３との間にシャフト４４を掛け渡し、シャフト４４の両端側からナット４５ａで締め付ける。なお、シャフト４４を掛け渡す際には、内側から締め付けるナット４５ｂを予めシャフト４４に嵌め込んでおく。また、この実施例では補助梁４０を固定する左右一対のシャフト４４は、一直線上にはなく前後にシフトした位置で補助梁４０を連結しているが、勿論一直線上で連結してもよく、さらには前後に一対のフック部材７を配置し、このフック部材７と前後一対の端壁部４２とを締結してもよい。 When constructing the foundation structure, as in the previous embodiment, first, after arranging a plurality of iron plates 1 on the ground, auxiliary beams 40 are arranged in the width direction of the iron plate 1. Next, the hook members 7 are arranged on both sides of the iron plate 1 in accordance with the positions of the shaft insertion holes 43 provided in the end wall portion 42 of the auxiliary beam 40, and the hook portions 11 of the hook members 7 are connected to the side edge portions of the iron plate 1. Hang on 1b. Next, the shaft 44 is spanned between the shaft insertion hole 43 provided in the end wall portion 42 of the auxiliary beam 40 and the shaft insertion hole 13 provided in the vertical wall portion 12 of the hook member 7, and nuts are provided from both ends of the shaft 44. Tighten with 45a. When the shaft 44 is passed over, a nut 45b to be tightened from the inside is fitted into the shaft 44 in advance. Further, in this embodiment, the pair of left and right shafts 44 for fixing the auxiliary beam 40 is connected to the auxiliary beam 40 at a position shifted back and forth rather than on a straight line. Further, a pair of hook members 7 may be disposed on the front and rear sides, and the hook members 7 and the pair of front and rear end wall portions 42 may be fastened.

第１実施例と同様、掛け渡した左右一対のシャフト４４の長さを変えながら補助梁４０を鉄板１の横幅方向にずらせることで、基礎梁４０の左右方向の位置ズレを修正することができる。補助梁４０の位置が決まったところでシャフト４４の内側のナット４５ｂを締め付けて位置決めを完了する。なお、シャフト４４の代わりに軸の長いボルトを用いることもでき、補助梁４０側からフック部材７側にボルトを挿通し、その先端側からナットを締め付けることで同様に固定することができる。 As in the first embodiment, the lateral displacement of the foundation beam 40 can be corrected by shifting the auxiliary beam 40 in the lateral width direction of the iron plate 1 while changing the length of the pair of left and right shafts 44 that are spanned. it can. When the position of the auxiliary beam 40 is determined, the nut 45b inside the shaft 44 is tightened to complete the positioning. In addition, a bolt with a long shaft can be used instead of the shaft 44, and it can be similarly fixed by inserting a bolt from the auxiliary beam 40 side to the hook member 7 side and tightening a nut from the tip side.

図１３に示されるように、補助梁４０を一枚の鉄板１に対して３箇所に配置し、それぞれを鉄板１に固定した後、図１４及び図１５に示すように、その上に基礎梁２を配置して第２固定手段２９によって補助梁４０に固定する。この第２固定手段２９は前記第２実施例における場合とほぼ同じ構成からなるので、ここでは同じ部材には同一の符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。なお第２固定手段２９の代わりに、前述したようなフック部材２２を用いた第２固定手段３６によって基礎梁２を固定することもできる。 As shown in FIG. 13, auxiliary beams 40 are arranged at three positions with respect to one iron plate 1 and fixed to the iron plate 1. Then, as shown in FIGS. 2 is arranged and fixed to the auxiliary beam 40 by the second fixing means 29. Since the second fixing means 29 has substantially the same structure as in the second embodiment, the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted. Instead of the second fixing means 29, the foundation beam 2 can be fixed by the second fixing means 36 using the hook member 22 as described above.

この実施例においても基礎梁２からの荷重を直接鉄板１で受けることなく３本の補助梁４０で効果的に分散させているので、第２実施例と同様、鉄板１の耐荷重性をより一層高めることができる。 Also in this embodiment, the load from the foundation beam 2 is not directly received by the iron plate 1 but is effectively distributed by the three auxiliary beams 40, so that the load resistance of the iron plate 1 is further increased as in the second embodiment. It can be further enhanced.

なお、上記の基礎構造を撤去する場合には、第１実施例においては鉄板１と基礎梁２とを連結している固定手段３を解除し、また第２実施例及び第３実施例においては鉄板１と補助梁２０，４０を連結している第１固定手段２１，４１および補助梁２０，４０と基礎梁２を連結している第２固定手段２９，３６を解除した後、鉄板１、基礎梁２及び補助梁２０，４０を除去するだけで基礎構造が撤去され、仮設現場を元の状態に戻すことができる。 When removing the above-mentioned foundation structure, in the first embodiment, the fixing means 3 connecting the steel plate 1 and the foundation beam 2 is released, and in the second and third embodiments, After releasing the first fixing means 21 and 41 connecting the iron plate 1 and the auxiliary beams 20 and 40 and the second fixing means 29 and 36 connecting the auxiliary beams 20 and 40 and the foundation beam 2, the iron plate 1, By simply removing the foundation beam 2 and the auxiliary beams 20, 40, the foundation structure is removed, and the temporary site can be returned to the original state.

１鉄板
１ａ中心軸
１ｂ側縁部
２基礎梁
２ａウエブ
２ｂ上部フランジ
２ｃ下部フランジ
３固定手段
４地面
５溝
６砂利
７フック部材
８シャフト
９ａ，９ｂナット
１０雄ネジ
１１フック部
１２縦壁部
１３シャフト挿通孔
１４ａ，１４ｂシャフト挿通孔
２０補助梁
２０ａウエブ
２０ｂ上部フランジ
２０ｃ下部フランジ
２１第１固定手段
２２フック部材
２２ａ長辺
２２ｂ短辺
２３ボルト
２４ナット
２５，２６，２７ボルト挿通孔
２９第２固定手段
３０，３１，３３ボルト挿通孔
３２，３９ワッシャ板
３４ボルト
３５ナット
３６第２固定手段
３７ボルト
３８ナット
４０補助梁
４１第１固定手段
４２端壁部
４３シャフト挿通孔
４４シャフト
４５ａ，４５ｂナット DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Iron plate 1a Center axis 1b Side edge 2 Foundation beam 2a Web 2b Upper flange 2c Lower flange 3 Fixing means 4 Ground 5 Groove 6 Gravel 7 Hook member 8 Shaft 9a, 9b Nut 10 Male screw 11 Hook part 12 Vertical wall part 13 Shaft Insertion hole 14a, 14b Shaft insertion hole 20 Auxiliary beam 20a Web 20b Upper flange 20c Lower flange 21 First fixing means 22 Hook member 22a Long side 22b Short side 23 Bolt 24 Nut 25, 26, 27 Bolt insertion hole 29 Second fixing means 30, 31, 33 Bolt insertion hole 32, 39 Washer plate 34 Bolt 35 Nut 36 Second fixing means 37 Bolt 38 Nut 40 Auxiliary beam 41 First fixing means 42 End wall portion 43 Shaft insertion hole 44 Shaft 45a, 45b Nut

Claims

An iron plate laid on the ground, a long foundation beam arranged substantially on the central axis of the iron plate, and hook members arranged on both sides of the iron plate for fixing the foundation beam to the iron plate The basic structure of the building.

The foundation structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the hook member is hooked on a side edge portion of the iron plate, and a connecting material is stretched between the hook member and the foundation beam to be fixed.

2. The foundation structure of a building according to claim 1, wherein the foundation beam is arranged via an auxiliary beam arranged on the iron plate in order to distribute a load on the iron plate.

The foundation structure of a building according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the auxiliary beams are arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the foundation beams.

The building foundation according to claim 3, wherein both ends of the auxiliary beam extend to the vicinity of both sides of the iron plate, and both ends thereof are fixed to hook members arranged on both sides of the iron plate.

The foundation structure of a building according to claim 3, wherein the foundation beam is fixed at a substantially central portion in a length direction of the auxiliary beam.