JP5420236B2 - Blast detector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a blast detector that is installed in a tunnel and controls the operation timing of a dust collector in conjunction with blasting work.

  Recently, for the purpose of effectively removing dust in the tunnel, not only the dust generated by blasting is directly detected by the dust detector to control the dust collector, but also the dust collector etc. is output by the output from the detector that predicts the generation of dust. By controlling the driving, for example, a means for preventing dust from flowing out of the dust collector toward the entrance of the tunnel is adopted, which is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-42299.

  By the way, a blast detector that detects explosion sound generated by blasting is used as one of the detectors for predicting the generation of dust, and in particular, a detector that detects sound pressure generated in a tunnel by blasting sound is known. ing.

  In this conventionally known sound pressure type blast detector, the pressure receiving part for detecting the sound pressure is electrically received by the same principle as that of a microphone, for example, but the inside of the tunnel is a large excavator or transporter. Etc. are operating, and environmental noise generated from these noises makes detection difficult.

  Therefore, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-53546, a blast detector in which a pressure receiving portion is formed by a cone of a dynamic speaker is presented.

  This blast detector has advantages such as being small and inexpensive and capable of adjusting detection sensitivity by adjusting cut of ambient noise.

  However, the adjustment of the ambient noise cut is specified by the spring strength of the cone, the size of the pressure receiving surface (cone), and the like, and a pressure receiving portion corresponding to the use environment is created, which is not realistic.

For this reason, sound pressure type blast detectors are not only difficult to eliminate noise due to a sufficient tunnel environment, but also difficult to detect with high sensitivity. Inability to do so causes problems in wiring and operation, and dust generated by blasting directly falls to the pressure receiving part, requiring a lot of labor for maintenance, and the pressure receiving part cannot be sealed There is also inconvenience.
JP-A-8-42299 JP-A-4-53546

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to reliably detect that blasting has occurred even if a pressure receiving portion is arranged at a location away from the blasting location without requiring a complicated mechanism or operation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a blast detector that can be adjusted in sensitivity according to each tunnel even when used in tunnels with different noise environments.

  A blast detector according to the present invention made to solve the above-mentioned problem is a blast detector that controls the operation timing of a dust collector or the like in conjunction with blasting in a tunnel, and is generated by a pressure receiving unit and blasting used. A blasting sound pressure filter composed of a sound pressure waveform and a blasting caused by blasting in the sound source generated in the tunnel by identifying the sound pressure waveform from the sound source generated in the tunnel received by the pressure receiving unit by the blasting sound pressure filter It has a detection part which detects a sound pressure waveform, and an output part which outputs the detection result as a detection signal to control parts, such as the dust collector.

  According to the present invention, the blast sound pressure waveform generated by blasting among the sound sources generated in the tunnel is identified and separated by the blast sound pressure filter composed of the sound pressure waveform generated by the blasting used. Can be reliably detected.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the sound pressure that matches the sound pressure waveform from the sound source generated in the tunnel excluding the sound pressure waveform generated by blasting received by the pressure receiver between the pressure receiving unit and the blasting sound pressure filter. A noise sound pressure filter having a waveform is arranged, and a sound pressure waveform other than a blast sound pressure waveform generated by the blasting used is pre-sorted among sound pressure waveforms generated from a sound source generated in the tunnel received by the pressure receiver. By removing it, the detection sensitivity can be further improved.

  Further, in the present invention, by placing the pressure receiving part in the vicinity of the dust collector arranged in the tunnel or in the vicinity of the blower arranged in the tunnel inlet part of the exhaust wind pipe arranged in the tunnel, it is difficult to install and operate. Not only does it disappear, but it can also avoid the effects of blasting dust and crushed stone.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a dust collector etc. can be correctly controlled by detecting reliably the blasting performed in the tunnel under excavation in a very inferior noise environment. Moreover, it is possible to cope with the noise of the tunnel and the type of blasting without adjusting the detector itself. Moreover, it is not only difficult to install and operate, but it is not affected by dust and crushed stones as in the past.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a block circuit diagram of a blast detector 1 according to the present invention. Basically, like a conventional sound pressure detector, a diaphragm such as a microphone or a speaker and an electromagnetic coil, for example, are used. A sound pressure receiving portion 2 having an electric signal converting member, a waveform converting circuit 3 for converting an electric signal of the sound pressure converted by the pressure receiving portion 2 into an analog signal waveform (or a digital signal waveform), and the waveform converting circuit. The blasting sound pressure filter 4 having a sound pressure waveform that is generated at the time of detonation using the waveform formed by 3 in advance, and the sound pressure in the tunnel from the pressure receiving portion 2 are passed through the blasting sound pressure filter 4 to blast sound. It comprises a detection unit 5 for detecting the same sound pressure waveform as the blasting sound pressure by classifying the pressure waveform, and an output unit 6 for outputting the detected detection signal to the control unit 7 such as a dust collector.

  In the present embodiment, the sound pressure waveform from the sound source generated in the tunnel excluding the sound pressure waveform generated by the blasting pressure received by the pressure receiver 2 between the pressure receiving unit 2 and the blasting sound pressure filter 4 A noise sound pressure filter 8 having a matching sound pressure waveform is arranged, and among the sound pressure waveforms from the sound source generated in the tunnel received by the pressure receiver 2, noise other than the blast sound pressure waveform generated by the blasting used The sound pressure waveform can be detected with high accuracy by separating and removing in advance.

  FIG. 2 shows a usage state of the blast detector 1 according to the present embodiment used in the tunnel 9. In the present embodiment, the blast detector 1 is, for example, a front surface ( Arranged at the rear end of the dust collector 12 in which the dust detector 11 is disposed on the blasting surface 10) formed at the front end of the tunnel 9 and at the rear end of the blower 14 disposed at the proximal end of the wind tube 13. It detects a detonation sound of the blast 15 detonated on the formed blast surface 13.

  In the present embodiment arranged as described above, the dust collector 12 and the blower 14 are operated in a stopped state or a ventilated state before the blast 15 is detonated. When the blast 15 is detonated, the blast detectors 1 and 1 detect the detonation sound of the blast 15.

  At this time, in this embodiment, in the blast detector 1, the sound pressure received by the pressure receiving portion 2 is generated in the tunnel in addition to the blast sound pressure by the explosion sound wave as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the blasting sound pressure filter 4 having a sound pressure waveform (FIG. 3B) generated when the blasting 15 used at the time of detonation is superimposed. A sound pressure waveform (FIG. 3C) having a predetermined frequency range after passing through is detected by the detection unit 5, and this detection signal is output to the dust collector 12 and the control unit 7 of the blower. Therefore, the explosion sound of blast 15 can be accurately detected.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, a noise sound pressure waveform (FIG. 4 (FIG. 4 (A))) formed based on a sound pressure waveform (FIG. 4 (a)) obtained by measuring the sound pressure in the tunnel 9 in the state where there is no explosion of the blast 15 The noise sound pressure filter 8 having b)) is arranged so as to overlap the blasting sound pressure filter 4 and is also classified by both sound pressure waveforms (FIG. 4C), so that blast detection can be performed with extremely high accuracy.

  In this embodiment, when the blast detector 1 detects the explosion sound of the blast 15 in FIG. 2, the detection signal is output and the dust collector 12 and the blower 14 are operated. At this time, the foremost surface 16 of the dust layer generated by the explosion of the blast 15 does not reach and the dust detector 11 installed in the dust collector 12 is not operating.

  Next, when the foremost surface 16 (dotted line position) of the dust layer moves toward the entrance of the tunnel, the dust detector 11 detects the dust and the dust detector 11 replaces the blast detector 1 with the dust collector 12. In this embodiment, since the dust collector 12 is operated by the blast detector 1 before the dust reaches the dust detector 11, the dust passes through the dust collector 12 and enters the tunnel 9. There is no worry of getting out in the direction.

The block circuit diagram of the blast detector which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the use condition of this Embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the principle of the blasting sound pressure filter which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the principle of the noise sound pressure filter which concerns on one embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Blasting detector, 2 Pressure receiving part, 4 Blasting sound pressure filter, 5 Detection part, 6 Output part, 7 Control part, 8 Noise sound pressure filter, 9 Tunnel, 12 Dust collector, 13 Exhaust wind pipe, 14 Blower

Claims (3)

  A blast detector for controlling the operation timing of a dust collector in conjunction with blasting in a tunnel, a pressure receiving part, a blasting sound pressure filter comprising a sound pressure waveform generated by blasting used, and a tunnel received by the pressure receiving part A sound pressure waveform from a sound source generated in the tunnel is identified by the blast sound pressure filter, and a detection unit that detects a blast sound pressure waveform generated by blasting in the sound source generated in the tunnel, and the detection result as the detection signal An output unit that outputs to a control unit such as a dust collector, and a sound source generated in a tunnel excluding a sound pressure waveform generated by blasting received by the pressure receiver between the pressure receiving unit and the blasting sound pressure filter. A noise sound pressure filter having a sound pressure waveform that matches the sound pressure waveform of the sound pressure waveform of the sound source generated from the sound source generated in the tunnel received by the pressure receiver, Blasting detector, characterized in that advance fractionation removing noise sound pressure waveform other than blasting sound pressure waveforms produced by blasting to use.   The blast detector according to claim 1, wherein the pressure receiving portion is disposed behind a dust collector provided with a dust collector in front of the tunnel.   The blast detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressure receiving portion is disposed in the vicinity of a blower disposed at a tunnel entrance portion of an exhaust wind tube disposed in a tunnel.

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