JP5412813B2 - Laser welding shield method, shield gas supply nozzle, and laser welding shield device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a laser welding shield method, a shield gas supply nozzle, and a laser welding shield device when a member having a groove is butt welded by a laser.

  In order to improve and maintain the welding quality, gas shielding is performed to cover the weld with an inert gas. In particular, a good gas shield is indispensable for a base material in which an oxide film hinders the welding quality, such as aluminum and stainless steel.

  Further, when a member having a groove, for example, a member such as a heat sink having a cooling fin is welded so that the groove is continuous, the weld line of the butt portion is bent in a complicated manner along the cross-sectional shape of the groove.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8, when U-shaped grooves 1 are formed at a predetermined pitch, the members 2 and 3 are butted so that the U-shaped grooves 1 are continuous, and welded along the welding line 4, The weld line 4 is complicatedly bent according to the cross-sectional shape of the U-shaped groove 1.

  For this reason, when laser welding is performed along the weld line 4, it is difficult to locally shield the welding point, and conventionally, the upper end opening of the U-shaped groove 1 is shielded with a tape or a plate. It is closed by the member 5, and an inert gas 6 is allowed to flow from the end face of the U-shaped groove 1 to perform gas shielding of the welded portion.

  However, since laser welding is performed, there is a problem in that a notch 7 is formed in a portion corresponding to the weld line of the shielding member 5 and the atmosphere is engulfed from the notch 7 to impair the shielding performance. Further, the entire U-shaped groove 1 has to be in a shielding gas atmosphere, and there is a problem in that the amount of shielding gas consumption increases and the welding cost increases.

  In addition, there exists a thing shown by patent document 1 about the nozzle which supplies shielding gas when laser welding a flat plate.

JP 2007-253216 A

  In view of such a situation, the present invention is intended to improve the shielding performance by the shielding gas and to reduce the welding gas consumption by reducing the shielding gas consumption in the welding of the member having the groove.

  The present invention is a laser welding method in which a slit-like shield gas discharge port is opposed to a weld line, a shield gas is discharged from the shield gas discharge port in a layered manner along the surface of a member to be welded, and the weld is gas shielded. The present invention relates to a shield method, wherein the weld line is formed at a butt portion of a workpiece having a groove, and the shield gas discharge port is related to a laser welding shield method bent so as to follow the cross-sectional shape of the groove. is there.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that a shield gas discharge port formed in parallel with the weld line is provided, and the shield gas is discharged from the shield gas discharge port in layers along the surface of the workpiece. This relates to the shield gas supply nozzle.

  Further, the present invention comprises an outer case having an outer shape that can be fitted into a groove of an object to be welded, and an inner case disposed inside the outer case and forming a space between the outer case, The shield gas discharge port relates to a shield gas supply nozzle formed by a weld line side edge of the outer case and an edge of the inner case facing the weld line side edge, and is opposite to the shield gas discharge port A rear plate located on the side, a shield gas supply pipe is inserted and disposed in the space, and gas jets are formed at a predetermined pitch on a surface of the shield gas supply pipe facing the rear plate, The shield gas supplied to the shield gas supply pipe is related to a shield gas supply nozzle configured to be jetted from the gas outlet toward the rear plate, and the shield gas supply pipe is connected to the other end from the one end of the space. Crossing towards the edge and crossing the groove The weld gas side nozzle of the inner case is inclined so as to face the wall surface of the groove, and the shield gas to be discharged is divided by a speed toward the wall surface of the groove. In addition to the shield gas supply nozzle, the gas jet pipe is parallel to the shield gas discharge direction, and compressed gas is jetted from the gas jet pipe so as to cross the laser beam, thereby suppressing the generation of plasma. This relates to the shield gas supply nozzle.

  The present invention also provides a laser comprising a shield gas supply nozzle configured such that a shield gas discharge port is formed in parallel with the weld line, and the shield gas is discharged from the shield gas discharge port in layers along the surface of the workpiece. The present invention relates to a welding shield device.

  According to the present invention, the slit-shaped shield gas discharge port is opposed to the weld line, the shield gas is discharged in layers along the surface of the member to be welded from the shield gas discharge port, and the welded portion is gas shielded. Therefore, the welded portion is reliably covered with the shielding gas, and the shielding performance is improved.

  According to the present invention, the weld line is formed at a butt portion of a workpiece having a groove, and the shield gas discharge port is bent so as to follow the cross-sectional shape of the groove, and thus has a complicated shape. In laser welding of workpieces, the welded part can be reliably covered and shielded so that the welding quality is improved and the gas shield is limited to the welded part, so the consumption of shield gas is suppressed. This can reduce the welding cost.

  According to the present invention, the shield gas discharge port formed in parallel with the weld line is provided, and the shield gas is discharged from the shield gas discharge port in a layered manner along the surface of the workpiece. Thus, the welding portion can be reliably covered with the shielding gas, the consumption of the shielding gas can be suppressed, and the welding cost can be reduced.

  According to the invention, there is further provided an outer case having an outer shape that can be fitted into a groove of an object to be welded, and an inner case that is disposed inside the outer case and forms a space between the outer case. Since the shield gas discharge port is formed by the weld line side edge of the outer case and the edge of the inner case facing the weld line side edge, the shield gas supply nozzle is fitted in the groove. You can set it in a short time, and it has excellent workability.

  According to the invention, there is also provided a rear plate located on the opposite side of the shield gas discharge port, and a shield gas supply pipe is inserted into the space so as to face the rear plate of the shield gas supply pipe. Gas jets are drilled at a predetermined pitch on the surface, and the shield gas supplied to the shield gas supply pipe is jetted from the gas jets toward the rear plate. A uniform and high quality gas shield can be realized over the entire length of the weld line.

  According to the present invention, the shield gas supply pipe crosses from one end to the other end of the space and is bent so as to have a shape similar to the cross-sectional shape of the groove. Is ejected, and the velocity distribution can be made uniform.

  Further, according to the present invention, the weld case side end portion of the inner case is inclined so as to face the wall surface of the groove, and the shield gas to be discharged is given a partial speed toward the wall surface of the groove. A laminar flow of shield gas can be formed, and the weld can be reliably shielded.

  Further, according to the present invention, the gas jet pipe parallel to the shield gas discharge direction is provided, and the compressed gas is jetted from the gas jet pipe so as to cross the laser beam, thereby suppressing the generation of plasma. The absorption of laser beam energy due to can be suppressed, and the welding quality is improved.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is provided a shield gas supply nozzle configured such that a shield gas discharge port is formed in parallel with the weld line, and the shield gas is discharged from the shield gas discharge port in layers along the surface of the workpiece. Since it is provided, the welded portion is reliably covered with the shielding gas, the shielding property is improved, and excellent effects such as high quality welding can be exhibited.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The shield gas supply nozzle in which the present invention is implemented will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In addition, the case where it applies to the U-shaped groove | channel 1 shown in FIG. 8 as an example of a shield gas supply nozzle is demonstrated. Further, in FIG. 1, the left is the rear, the right is the front, and the top and bottom are the same as the top and bottom in the figure.

  The shield gas supply nozzle 11 has a shape that can be fitted into the U-shaped groove 1 described above.

  This will be specifically described below.

  An outer case 12 formed by bending a plate material into a U-shape so that the lower part has a cylindrical surface is fixed to the rear plate 13, and a U-shaped inner case 14 is disposed inside the outer case 12. The case 14 is fixed to the rear plate 13.

  A U-shaped space 15 is formed between the inner case 14 and the outer case 12, and an upper plate 16 is fixed above the space 15 over the upper ends of the outer case 12 and the inner case 14. Is airtightly closed.

  The front end portion 14 a of the inner case 14 is inclined so that the front end is close to the outer case 12, and the front end of the inner case 14 protrudes forward from the front end of the outer case 12 by a predetermined amount. Thus, a shield gas discharge port 17 that is a U-shaped slit gap is formed between the front end edge of the inner case 14 and the front end edge of the outer case 12 facing the front end edge.

  A shield gas supply pipe 18 is disposed in the space 15 so as to cross from one end to the other end of the space 15. The shield gas supply pipe 18 is preferably bent into a U shape that is similar to the space 15, and the shield gas supply pipe 18 extends upward through the upper plate 16 and the upper plate. 16 is fixed to and supported by the upper plate 16. The space 15 is hermetically closed by the outer case 12, the rear plate 13, the inner case 14, and the upper plate 16, and the shield gas discharge port 17 communicates with the space 15.

  The shield gas supply pipe 18 is parallel to the rear plate 13 at a predetermined interval, and the rear surface of the shield gas supply pipe 18 (the surface facing the rear plate 13) has a predetermined pitch. A gas jet 19 is formed along the axis.

  A gas ejection pipe 21 penetrates through the rear plate 13 in parallel with the outer case 12, that is, in parallel with the center line of the cylindrical portion of the outer case 12, and the gas ejection pipe 21 is surrounded by the inner case 14. Projecting a predetermined length in the center of the space.

  A seal plate 22 having a similar shape slightly larger than the U-shaped groove 1 is fixed to the rear surface of the rear plate 13. The seal plate 22 is made of a highly elastic material such as rubber.

  The shield gas supply pipe 18 is connected to an inert gas supply source such as an argon gas supply source, and the gas ejection pipe 21 is connected to a compressed gas source such as a compressed air source.

  The operation of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  In FIG. 5, the upper plate 16 is omitted, and in FIG. 6, reference numeral 24 denotes a laser irradiation head of a laser welding shield device, which irradiates a laser beam 25 onto a welded portion and the welding line 4. It can be rotated so as to scan the laser beam 25 along the line.

  As a preparation for laser welding, the shield gas supply nozzle 11 is fitted into the U-shaped groove 1. The fitting position of the shield gas supply nozzle 11 is set so that the welding line 4 and the shield gas discharge port 17 are separated from each other by a required distance L. Here, the distance L is a distance that does not interfere with laser welding and further does not impair the shielding property, and is approximately 5 to 50 mm.

  In a state where the shield gas supply nozzle 11 is fitted in the U-shaped groove 1, the seal plate 22 is in close contact with the wall surface of the U-shaped groove 1, and between the shield gas supply nozzle 11 and the U-shaped groove 1. Seal the gap.

  Next, a shield gas that is an inert gas (for example, argon gas) is supplied to the shield gas supply pipe 18. The shield gas is dispersed from the plurality of gas ejection ports 19 and ejected toward the rear plate 13 and collides with the rear plate 13. By colliding with the rear plate 13, the shield gas diffuses, reverses and flows toward the shield gas discharge port 17. The sprayed shield gas diffuses and reverses to make the flow distribution uniform, and further expands and stays in the space 15, and then rectifies while reaching the shield gas discharge port 17, from the shield gas discharge port 17. Discharge. Therefore, the shield gas has a uniform velocity over the entire length of the shield gas discharge port 17 and flows out in a laminar flow state. Since the front end portion 14a is inclined so as to be close to the outer case 12, the shield gas discharged from the shield gas discharge port 17 is guided to the front end portion 14a, and the U-shaped groove 1 A partial speed toward the wall is given. The discharged shield gas becomes a laminar flow along the wall surface of the U-shaped groove 1 and shields the gas over the entire length of the weld line 4.

  The laser beam 25 is emitted from the laser irradiation head 24, and scanning is performed from the lowest position of the bottom surface of the U-shaped groove 1 toward the upper end of the wall surface of the U-shaped groove 1, thereby performing welding. When welding the welding wire 4 full length, it is divided into 2 times, and all are welded from the bottom to the top.

  By performing welding from below to above, the molten metal can be prevented from being melted down and undercutting can be prevented.

  Further, by performing laser welding, metal vapor is generated from the molten metal, and further plasma is generated by the metal vapor. Since the plasma absorbs the energy of the laser beam 25, the energy contributing to welding is reduced. For this reason, the welding quality is affected, for example, the penetration becomes small.

  In order to suppress the generation of plasma, compressed air is jetted in parallel with the discharge direction of the shield gas so as to cross the plasma from the gas jet pipe 21. The compressed air blows away metal vapor and suppresses generation of plasma and plasma growth. In addition, the jet flow velocity of the compressed air includes 900 m / s, and is preferably about 900 m / s.

  Thus, the entire length of the weld including the weld line 4 is stably shielded by the shield gas discharged from the shield gas discharge port 17, and the plasma growth is suppressed by the compressed air. Efficient high-quality laser welding can be performed.

  Further, a welding gas atmosphere is formed by surrounding the welding line on the back surface side of the U-shaped groove 1, and the upper end of the adjacent U-shaped groove 1 a is closed, and a shielding gas is supplied to the U-shaped groove 1 a to form a shielding gas atmosphere. Thus, oxidation from the back side can be prevented, and welding quality can be improved.

  When laser welding is performed on another U-shaped groove 1 after completion of welding of one U-shaped groove 1, the shield gas supply nozzle 11 is removed from the welded U-shaped groove 1, and the other U-shaped groove 1 is removed. And laser welding is performed in the same manner as described above. Since the shield gas supply nozzle 11 is simply fitted in the U-shaped groove 1, the shield gas supply nozzle 11 can be easily attached and detached.

  FIG. 7 shows another form of the shield gas supply nozzle 11. 7, the same components as those shown in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The shield gas supply nozzle 11 shown in FIG. 7 is obtained by changing the shape of the inner case 14.

  The front end portion 14a of the inner case 14 is parallel to the outer case 12, and a flat parallel flow path 26 is formed between the outer case 12 and the front end portion 14a. The front end of the parallel flow path 26 serves as the shield gas discharge port 17. The shield gas ejected from the gas ejection port 19 of the shield gas supply pipe 18 stays in the space 15, is then rectified while flowing through the parallel flow path 26, and is ejected from the shield gas ejection port 17. The discharged shield gas flows along the wall surface of the U-shaped groove 1 to gas shield the welded portion. Also, compressed air for blocking plasma is ejected from the gas ejection pipe 21.

  In addition, although the said embodiment demonstrated the U-shaped groove | channel, it is not limited to a U-shaped groove shape, It can implement with respect to arbitrary groove shapes, and according to a groove shape, a shield gas supply nozzle is carried out. What is necessary is just to set an external shape.

  Further, it can be carried out even if the weld line is a straight line, for example, the shield gas discharge port 17 is formed in a straight line parallel to the weld line, and has a sufficient slit length in the welding direction including the weld point, What is necessary is just to make it move with the laser irradiation head 24 integrally.

  The seal plate 22 is affixed to the entire side surface of the outer case 12, and the shield gas supply nozzle 11 is fitted into the U-shaped groove 1 via the seal plate 22, so that the U-shaped groove 1 And the gap between the shield gas supply nozzles 11 may be sealed.

It is a front view of the shield gas supply nozzle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top sectional view of the shield gas supply nozzle which concerns on embodiment of this invention before. It is a right view of the shield gas supply nozzle which concerns on embodiment of this invention before. It is a left view of the shield gas supply nozzle which concerns on embodiment same as the previous this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the use condition of the shield gas supply nozzle which concerns on embodiment of this invention before. It is explanatory drawing which shows the welding direction in the case of carrying out laser welding of a U-shaped groove. It is a top view which shows other embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

1 U-shaped groove 4 Welding line 11 Shield gas supply nozzle 12 Outer case 13 Rear plate 14 Inner case 14a Front end 15 Space 17 Shield gas discharge port 18 Shield gas supply pipe 19 Gas outlet 21 Gas jet pipe 24 Laser irradiation head 25 Laser Rays

Claims (8)

  A slit-like shield gas outlet that is bent so as to follow the cross-sectional shape of the groove along the weld line formed at the abutting portion of the workpiece having a groove is opposed to the workpiece from the shield gas outlet. A laser welding shield method characterized by discharging shield gas in layers along the surface and gas shielding the welded portion. A shield gas supply nozzle for supplying a shield gas in laser welding, wherein the shield is bent so as to follow the cross-sectional shape of the groove in parallel with the weld line formed at the butt portion of the workpiece having the groove A shield gas supply nozzle comprising a gas discharge port and configured to discharge the shield gas in a layered manner along the surface of the workpiece from the shield gas discharge port.   An outer case having an outer shape that can be fitted in a groove of an object to be welded; and an inner case that is disposed inside the outer case and forms a space between the outer case and the shield gas discharge port. The shield gas supply nozzle according to claim 2, which is formed by a weld line side edge of the outer case and an edge of the inner case facing the weld line side edge.   A rear plate located on the opposite side of the shield gas discharge port, and a shield gas supply pipe is inserted and disposed in the space, and gas is injected at a predetermined pitch onto a surface of the shield gas supply pipe facing the rear plate; The shield gas supply nozzle according to claim 3, wherein an outlet is formed, and the shield gas supplied to the shield gas supply pipe is ejected from the gas ejection port toward the rear plate.   The shield gas supply nozzle according to claim 4, wherein the shield gas supply pipe crosses from one end to the other end of the space and is bent to have a shape similar to a cross-sectional shape of the groove.   The shield gas supply nozzle according to claim 3 or 4, wherein an end portion on the weld line side of the inner case is inclined so as to face the wall surface of the groove, and a speed is given to the discharged shield gas toward the wall surface of the groove.   3. The shield gas supply nozzle according to claim 2, further comprising a gas jet pipe parallel to the shield gas discharge direction, wherein compressed gas is jetted from the gas jet pipe so as to cross the laser beam to suppress generation of plasma.   A shield gas discharge port bent so as to follow the cross-sectional shape of the groove is formed in parallel with the weld line formed at the butt portion of the workpiece having a groove, and the shield gas discharge port is formed on the surface of the workpiece. A laser welding shield apparatus comprising a shield gas supply nozzle configured to discharge shield gas in a layered manner along the shield gas supply nozzle.

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