JP5404219B2 - Transmitter for array antenna - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an array antenna transmitter, and particularly to a transmitter having a function of compensating for nonlinear distortion generated in a transmission system.

  In transmitters for wireless communication, it is desired to increase the efficiency and reduce the distortion of an amplifier that occupies most of the power consumption. In particular, a transmitter that requires strong linearity has used a distortion compensation method. Among various distortion compensation methods, there is a feedback digital predistortion method described in Non-Patent Document 1, for example, as a method that can achieve relatively high efficiency. The feedback digital predistortion method is a method of linearizing the output of an amplifier by giving an input signal a characteristic opposite to the nonlinear distortion generated in the amplifier in advance to a predistortion section provided in the previous stage of the amplifier. In the feedback system, the input signal and the output signal of the amplifier (the signal before amplification and the signal after amplification) are compared, and the setting parameter given to the predistortion unit is corrected so that they match.

  Further, in Patent Document 1 below, an array antenna apparatus in which all of a plurality of power amplifiers connected to each of a plurality of antenna elements are each provided with a distortion compensation characteristic adding unit that compensates for nonlinear distortion generated in the power amplifier. Is disclosed.

  Further, in Patent Document 2 below, an array antenna apparatus provided with one distortion compensation processing unit that compensates for nonlinear distortion in each transmission unit in common to a plurality of transmission units connected to each of a plurality of antenna elements. Is disclosed.

JP 2002-190712 A JP 2006-94043 A

Y.Nagata, “Linear amplification technique for digital mobile communications”, Proc. Of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conf., Pp159-164, 1989

  In the conventional apparatus of this type, for example, a predistortion coefficient calculation unit for controlling the coefficient of the predistortion unit and a feedback for obtaining a feedback signal for obtaining the predistortion coefficient for each of the antenna branches of all array antennas. When the unit is provided, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes large and power consumption increases.

  In addition, when one predistortion coefficient calculation unit is shared by a plurality of antenna branches, for example, the distortion compensation coefficient calculation process corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude of the input signal is performed while switching in a time division manner in one circuit. There is a problem that the calculation processing of the time is not in time, and distortion compensation of a plurality of antenna branches cannot be performed simultaneously.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an array antenna transmitter capable of compensating for distortion of amplifiers in all transmission units of a plurality of antenna branches while realizing miniaturization of the apparatus.

The present invention provides a transmission unit that is provided in each of the N systems corresponding to the number of antenna branches and that performs analog conversion and frequency conversion on a predistortion signal of transmission data and then amplifies the signal by an amplifier to generate a transmission signal; and inputs the transmission data Then, the instantaneous amplitude is calculated, the distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude is read from the storage unit, the predistortion signal obtained by multiplying the transmission data is generated, and the predistortion signal provided for each system is input to the transmission unit. For each of a plurality of assigned systems of the distortion unit and the N systems, a part of the transmission signal from the transmission unit is fed back to perform frequency conversion and digital conversion, and the transmission data of the system is compared The distortion compensation coefficient is calculated and output to the predistortion unit for updating the storage unit Time-division is performed on M (N and M are positive integers) feedback estimation calculation units smaller than the number N of systems to which N systems are allocated without duplication, and a plurality of systems to which the feedback estimation calculation units are allocated. Any one of the M feedback estimation calculation units is connected to the switching means provided for each of the feedback estimation calculation units to be switched and connected to all the transmission units and predistortion units of the N systems, A switching control unit that controls switching of each switching unit of all the feedback estimation calculation units so as to estimate and update a distortion compensation coefficient, and each of the transmission units converts a predistortion signal including an IQ component into a predistortion signal. A quadrature modulator that performs digital quadrature modulation, a digital-to-analog converter that converts a quadrature-modulated signal to digital-to-analog, and an analog converter An up-converter that frequency-converts the converted signal; and the amplifier that amplifies the frequency-converted signal and outputs a transmission signal, and each predistortion unit calculates an instantaneous amplitude of the transmission data including an IQ component. The amplitude calculation unit stores a distortion compensation coefficient table according to the instantaneous amplitude, and also updates the distortion compensation coefficient table according to the instantaneous amplitude, and stores the distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to the calculated instantaneous amplitude. An instantaneous coefficient generation unit that reads from the transmission unit, a complex multiplier that complex-multiplies the read distortion compensation coefficient to the transmission data and outputs the predistortion signal, and wherein the feedback estimation calculation unit transmits from the transmission unit Downconverter that converts a part of the signal to frequency, and analog converter that converts the frequency-converted signal to analog to digital Tal converter, quadrature demodulator that outputs feedback signal including IQ component obtained by digital quadrature demodulation of digitally converted signal, feedback signal after quadrature demodulation and transmission data compared by comparator for each IQ component A comparison / estimation unit that estimates the distortion compensation coefficient that minimizes the comparison result, and wherein each of the switching means time-divides the feedback of the amplified transmission signal output from the transmission unit of each assigned system A first switching unit that inputs to the estimation calculation unit, a second switching unit that inputs the transmission data of each assigned system to the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time division manner, and a calculation by the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time division manner A third switching unit that outputs the distortion compensation coefficient to the predistortion unit of the corresponding system, and further, the feedback estimation A delay unit that delays the feedback signal or the transmission data for each system, and the input that is input to the feedback estimation calculation unit, so that the delay times of the feedback signal and the transmission data input to the calculation unit match. A phase shift unit that changes the phase of the feedback signal or the transmission data for each system so that the passing phase of the feedback signal and the transmission data coincides with each other. An array antenna transmitter or the like having a different saturation power depending on the excitation amplitude distribution .

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an array antenna transmitter capable of compensating for distortion of amplifiers in all the transmission units of a plurality of antenna branches while realizing miniaturization of the apparatus.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of an example of the transmitter for array antennas by this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transmission unit for one array antenna of FIG. 1 of the transmitter for array antennas in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transmission unit for one array antenna of FIG. 1 of the transmitter for array antennas in Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transmission unit for one array antenna of FIG. 1 of the transmitter for array antennas in Embodiment 3 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, an array antenna transmitter according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings according to each embodiment. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an example of an array antenna transmitter according to the present invention. In the array antenna transmitter of the present invention, a plurality of array antenna transmission units are arranged side by side. In the case of FIG. 1, three array antenna transmission units U1 to U3 (each of the number of systems n1, n2, and n3 = 2) that constitute two antenna branches, respectively, and one array antenna that constitutes four antenna branches. The transmitter unit U4 (number of systems n4 = 4) constitutes an array antenna transmitter having a plurality (N = 10 systems) of antenna branches. The transmission data input from the IN side is subjected to distortion compensation processing and amplified by the array antenna transmission units U1 to U4, and transmitted from the respective transmission antennas (not shown) connected to the OUT side.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of array antenna transmission unit U1 that constitutes a plurality (n1 = 2 systems) of antenna branches in FIG. 1 of the array antenna transmitter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The arrangement of the array antenna transmission units U2 and U3 is the same as that shown in FIG. 2, and in the case of the array antenna transmission unit U4 that constitutes four systems, a predistortion unit assigned to one feedback estimation calculation unit, which will be described later, Only the number of components consisting of the transmission unit is increased from two to four (hereinafter the same as each embodiment).

  In FIG. 2, the signal lines of the transmission data # 1 and # 2 are connected to input terminals 1 and 11 through predistortion units 6 and 16, quadrature modulators 4 and 14, digital analog converters 8 and 18, upconverter 31, 32 and amplifiers 3 and 13 are sequentially connected in series to reach the output terminals 2 and 12 to which the respective transmitting antennas (not shown) of the array antenna are connected. Further, the predistortion units 6 and 16 include amplitude calculation units 41 and 51, instantaneous coefficient generation units 42 and 52, storage units 43 and 53, and complex multipliers 9 and 19.

  The predistortion units 6 and 16 calculate the instantaneous amplitude of each transmission data by the amplitude calculation units 41 and 51, and the instantaneous coefficient generation units 42 and 52 describe the distortion compensation coefficients corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude of the transmission data, respectively. A distortion compensation coefficient is read from the storage units 43 and 53 for each instantaneous amplitude, and a predistortion signal is generated by multiplying the distortion compensation coefficient read by the transmission data by the complex multipliers 9 and 19.

  The outputs of the amplifiers 3 and 13 are selectively connected to the down converter 33 by a switch 29 in a time division manner for feedback. The down converter 33 is connected to the comparison / estimation unit 64 via the analog-digital converter 10 and the quadrature demodulator 5. On the other hand, transmission data # 1 and # 2 respectively comprising I component and Q component signals input from the input terminals 1 and 11 are also selectively connected to the comparison / estimation unit 64 by the switch 27 in a time division manner.

  The comparison / estimation unit 64 includes comparators 61 and 62 and a nonlinear characteristic estimation unit 63 for I component and Q component signals, respectively. Then, the comparators 61 and 62 respectively compare the transmission data and the feedback signal, and based on the result, the nonlinear characteristic estimation unit 63 estimates the distortion compensation coefficient to be given to the predistortion units 6 and 16. The distortion compensation coefficient estimated by the nonlinear characteristic estimation unit 63 is selectively sent to the storage units 43 and 53 of the predistortion units 6 and 16 via the switch 28 in a time division manner. Updated.

  The switching control unit 100 follows each switch 27 of the array antenna transmission unit U1 of FIG. 2 in accordance with a transmission control signal for performing transmission control of the entire 10-system array antenna transmitter of FIG. 1 input to the control signal input terminal 101. , 28 and 29, the switching control signals are output to the switches 27, 28 and 29 of all the array antenna transmission units U1 to U4, and the transmission units U1 to U4 respectively distort each system. Switching control is performed in a time-sharing manner so that the compensation coefficient can be obtained and updated.

  Each of the quadrature modulators 4 and 14, the digital / analog converters 8 and 18, the up converters 31 and 32, and the amplifiers 3 and 13 constitutes a transmitter. The down converter 33, the analog-digital converter 10, the quadrature demodulator 5, and the comparison / estimation unit 64 constitute a feedback estimation calculation unit, of which the down converter 33, the analog-digital converter 10 and the quadrature demodulator 5 serve as a feedback unit. Configure. The switches 29, 27, and 28 constitute first, second, and third switching units of switching means, respectively. The digital-to-analog converter 8 to the output terminal side and from the output terminal side to the analog-to-digital converter 10 are constituted by an analog circuit, and the remaining part is constituted by a digital circuit.

  Next, the operation of the array antenna transmission unit U1 of FIG. 2 will be described. Transmission data # 1 and # 2 for each system corresponding to each antenna branch are input from input terminals 1 and 11 and predistortion that cancels nonlinear distortion generated in amplifiers 3 and 13 in predistortion units 6 and 16. Converted to a signal.

  The predistortion signals generated by the predistortion units 6 and 16 are quadrature modulated digitally to an intermediate frequency (IF frequency) by the quadrature modulators 4 and 14, and then analog signals by the digital / analog converters 8 and 18. Converted to. The signal converted into the analog signal is converted into a radio frequency (RF frequency) by the up-converters 31 and 32 and input to the amplifiers 3 and 13. As the amplifiers 3 and 13 connected to each system, amplifiers having different saturation powers according to the excitation amplitude distribution of the array antenna may be used in advance.

  Part of the transmission signal output from the amplifiers 3 and 13 is input to the switch 29 as a feedback signal. The switch 29 passes the feedback signals from the amplifiers 3 and 13 to the down converter 33 while switching in a time division manner. In the down converter 33, the feedback signal of the RF frequency is converted into an IF frequency, then converted into a digital signal by the analog-digital converter 10, demodulated into an I component and a Q component by the quadrature demodulator 5, and a comparator. Input to 61 (for I component) and 62 (for Q component).

  The transmission data for each system input from the input terminals 1 and 11 is input to the switch 27. The switch 27 delivers the I component and Q component of the transmission data to the comparators 61 and 62 while switching the transmission data for each path in a time division manner. By synchronizing the switching timing of the switch 27 and the switch 29, the transmission data for each antenna branch and the feedback signal are compared for each IQ component in the comparators 61 and 62. The outputs of the comparators 61 and 62 are input to the nonlinear characteristic estimation unit 63. The nonlinear characteristic estimation unit 63 estimates the nonlinear characteristic of the amplifier from the comparison result, and the predistortion coefficient indicating the inverse characteristic of the nonlinear characteristic of the amplifier. That is, a distortion compensation coefficient is calculated. The nonlinear characteristic estimation unit 63 may estimate the nonlinear characteristic of the predistortion unit directly from the comparison result and calculate the predistortion coefficient, that is, the distortion compensation coefficient. The output from the nonlinear characteristic estimation unit 63 is input to the switch 28. In the switch 28, the distortion compensation coefficient estimated for each path (system) is transferred to the storage units 43 and 53 while being switched in a time division manner. The storage units 43 and 53 update the distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to each transmission data amplitude. That is, the table of the distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude is stored and the distortion compensation coefficient table corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude is updated.

  In this embodiment, the switches 27, 28, and 29 select transmission data and feedback signals for each system to estimate the distortion compensation coefficient (predistortion coefficient), and store the distortion compensation coefficient in the storage unit of the corresponding system. Output the estimation result. That is, in this embodiment, one feedback unit (downconverter 33, analog-digital converter 10, orthogonal demodulator 5) and a feedback estimation calculation unit including comparison / estimation unit 64 are shared and used by switching in a time division manner. Therefore, the number of feedback estimation calculation units can be made M (N: M <N: M, N is a positive integer), which is smaller than the total number N of systems, thereby reducing the size of the apparatus and reducing power consumption. Is possible.

  In this embodiment, in the predistortion unit provided for each system, distortion compensation calculation (multiplication of distortion compensation coefficient to transmission data) is performed with reference to the storage units 43 and 53. Therefore, two memories are used in the storage unit. If the memory used for distortion compensation calculation and the memory for writing are alternately switched and used in an instant, distortion compensation is continuously performed regardless of the timing of writing the distortion compensation coefficient to the storage unit. be able to. For this reason, it is possible to perform distortion compensation of a plurality of systems within a predetermined period (at the same time apparently) in a time division manner independently of the timing of writing the distortion compensation coefficient into the storage unit.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, amplifiers having different saturation powers are used. By using an amplifier with a low saturation power for an antenna branch with a small excitation amplitude and an amplifier with a high saturation power for an antenna branch with a large excitation amplitude, the power consumption of the entire transmitter can be achieved without greatly degrading the linearity. Can be reduced.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of the array antenna transmission unit U1 of FIG. 1 of the array antenna transmitter according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the configuration of FIG. 3, the feedback unit of the feedback estimation calculation unit includes the quadrature demodulator 5, the analog-digital converter 10, and the IQ error correction unit 65. In the previous stage of the switch 27 for switching the transmission data input from the input terminal 1, delay units 71 and 72 and phase shift units 73 and 74 for transmission data # 1 and # 2, respectively, are provided. Switches 75 and 76 are provided in the preceding stage of the switch 29 that switches a part of the feedback signal of the transmission signal output from the amplifiers 3 and 13. Further, one voltage control unit 92 having a control signal input terminal 91 connected to each amplifier is provided across all the array antenna transmission units U1 to U4 in FIG. Note that switching control of the switches 75 and 76 is also controlled by a switching control signal from the switching control unit 100.

  The quadrature demodulator 5, the analog-digital converter 10, the IQ error correction unit 65, and the comparison / estimation unit 64 constitute a feedback estimation calculation unit, of which the quadrature demodulator 5, the analog-digital converter 10, and the IQ error correction unit 65. Constitutes a feedback unit. The switches 29, 75, and 76 constitute a first switching unit. The digital-to-analog converter 8 to the output terminal side and from the output terminal side to the analog-to-digital converter 10 are constituted by an analog circuit, and the remaining part is constituted by a digital circuit.

  Next, the operation of the array antenna transmission unit U1 of FIG. 3 will be described. An excitation amplitude distribution control signal for controlling the excitation amplitude distribution of each transmitting antenna in the array antenna transmitter is input from the control signal input terminal 91, and the voltage control unit 92 selects the amplifiers 3 and 3 according to the excitation amplitude of the array antenna. The magnitude of the supply voltage to 13 is dynamically controlled.

  Part of the transmission signal output from the amplifiers 3 and 13 is input to the switch 29 via the switch 75 and the switch 76 as a feedback signal. In the switch 29, the feedback signals from the amplifiers 3 and 13 are transferred to the quadrature demodulator 5 while being switched in a time division manner. When the switch 29 is switched and the transmission signal of the amplifier 3 is transferred to the quadrature demodulator 5, the switch 75 is turned on and the switch 76 is turned off. On the contrary, when the switch 29 is switched and the transmission signal of the amplifier 13 is transferred to the quadrature demodulator 5, the switch 75 is turned off and the switch 76 is turned on.

  In the quadrature demodulator 5, the RF frequency feedback signal is demodulated into a baseband frequency feedback IQ signal (analog baseband IQ component), then converted into a digital signal by the analog-digital converter 10, and an IQ error correction unit. After the input to 65, each IQ component is input to the comparators 61 and 62.

  The transmission data for each system input from the input terminals 1 and 11 is input to the switch 27 via the delay units 71 and 72 and the phase shift units 73 and 74. In the switch 27, transmission data for each path (system) is transferred to the comparators 61 and 62 while being switched in a time division manner. The desired delay amount (τ1, τ2) and phase shift amount (θ1, θ2) are set in advance in the delay unit 71 and the phase shift amount so that the transmission data from the input terminal to the comparators 61 and 62 and the delay and pass phase of the feedback signal coincide with each other. 72 and the phase shifters 73 and 74 are set.

  In this embodiment, the switches 75 and 76 are switched and used in synchronization with the switch 29 in order to increase the isolation of the path (system), so that the signals when the transmission signals output from the amplifiers 3 and 13 are fed back are used. The power-to-noise power ratio (S / N ratio) can be increased, and the nonlinear characteristic estimation accuracy can be improved. For this reason, it is possible to improve the accuracy of distortion compensation. In order to ensure isolation, not only the switches 75 and 76, but a large number of switches may be connected to the line in series or in parallel.

  Further, in this embodiment, various errors such as an orthogonal angle error, an orthogonal amplitude error, and a DC offset error generated by the orthogonal demodulator 5 configured by an analog circuit are corrected by the IQ error correction unit 65 in a digital manner. The S / N ratio of the feedback IQ signal can be increased and the accuracy of distortion compensation can be improved.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, by appropriately setting the delay amount and the phase shift amount of the delay units 71 and 72 and the phase shift units 73 and 74, the delay of the transmission data and the feedback signal input to the comparators 61 and 62 can be reduced. Since the phases can be matched, the non-linear characteristic estimation accuracy is improved and the accuracy of distortion compensation can be improved. As will be described later, instead of the transmission data side, a delay unit and a phase shift unit may be provided on each feedback signal side of the transmission signals output from the amplifiers 3 and 13, respectively. One of the delay unit and the phase shift unit may be provided as necessary.

  In addition, in this embodiment, the magnitude of the supply voltage to the amplifiers 3 and 13 is dynamically controlled by the voltage control unit 92 according to the excitation amplitude distribution control signal which is the control signal of the array antenna. By controlling the supply voltage to the amplifier connected to the antenna branch (system) with a small excitation amplitude to be low, and controlling the supply voltage to the amplifier connected to the antenna branch with a large excitation amplitude, It becomes possible to reduce the power consumption of the entire transmitter without greatly degrading the linearity. Other operations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the array antenna transmission unit U1 of FIG. 1 of the array antenna transmitter according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the configuration of FIG. 4, peak suppression units 83 and 84 are provided for transmission data # 1 and # 2 from the input terminals 1 and 11 before the predistortion units 6 and 16. In addition, delay units 77 and 78 and phase shift units 79 and 80 for the feedback signals of the respective systems are provided in the preceding stage of the switch 29 that switches a part of the feedback signals of the transmission signals output from the amplifiers 3 and 13, respectively. ing. Further, a multi-port distributor 81 and a multi-port combiner 82 are provided on all of the array antenna transmission units U1 to U4 in FIG.

  The multi-port distributor 81 inputs transmission data for N systems, distributes it to transmission data for N systems, and outputs it. The multi-port combiner 82 inputs the amplified transmission signals of the transmission units (4, 8, 31, 3, and 14, 18, 32, 13) and combines them into transmission signals for N transmission antennas. Output.

  Next, the operation of the array antenna transmission unit U1 of FIG. 4 will be described. Transmission data for each system corresponding to each antenna branch is input from input terminals 1 and 11, and is input to peak suppression units 83 and 84 that suppress the ratio of instantaneous peak power to average power of the transmission data.

  The output signals of the peak suppressors 83 and 84 are input to an N-system input / N-system output multiport distributor 81 formed of a 90-degree hybrid circuit. The multi-port distributor 81 divides the transmission data into equal power and distributes it to the two predistortion units 6 and 16 while changing the phase.

  Thereafter, as in the above embodiments, the predistortion units 6 and 16 convert the divided transmission data signals into predistortion IQ signals that cancel the nonlinear distortion generated in the amplifiers 3 and 13. The predistortion IQ signal generated by the predistortion units 6 and 16 is quadrature modulated to an IF frequency by the quadrature modulators 4 and 14, and then converted to an analog signal by the digital / analog converters 8 and 18, and then up. It is converted to an RF frequency by converters 31 and 32 and input to amplifiers 3 and 13.

  The transmission signals output from the amplifiers 3 and 13 are input to an N-system input / N-system output multiport combiner 82, synthesized while changing the phase, and connected to the output terminals 2 and 12 respectively. Radiated to space via an antenna (not shown).

  A part of the outputs of the amplifiers 3 and 13 before being input to the multiport synthesizer 82 is input to the switch 29 via the delay units 77 and 78 and the phase shift units 79 and 80 as feedback signals. In the switch 29, the feedback signals from the amplifiers 3 and 13 are transferred to the quadrature demodulator 5 while being switched in a time division manner. The desired delay amounts (τ1a, τ2a) and phase shift amounts (θ1a, θ2a) are set in advance so that the delay and pass phase of the transmission data signal and the feedback signal from the input terminals 1 and 11 to the comparison / estimation unit 64 match. The delay units 77 and 78 and the phase shift units 79 and 80 are set.

  In the quadrature demodulator 5 and later, as in the second embodiment, the quadrature demodulator 5 demodulates the feedback signal of the RF frequency into an IQ component of the baseband frequency, and then converts it to a digital signal by the analog-digital converter 10. The data is converted and input to the IQ error correction unit 65, and then input to the comparison / estimation unit 64.

  The transmission data signal for each system input from the input terminals 1 and 11 is input to the switch 27. The switch 27 passes the transmission data signal for each path (system) to the comparison / estimation unit 64 while switching in a time division manner. By synchronizing the switching timing of the switch 27 and the switch 29, the transmission data signal and the feedback signal for each branch are compared in the comparison / estimation unit 64.

  The distortion compensation coefficient obtained by the comparison / estimation unit 64 is input to the switch 28. In the switch 28, the distortion compensation coefficient (predistortion coefficient) estimated for each path (system) is transferred to the internal storage units 43 and 53 of the predistortion units 6 and 16 while being switched in a time division manner.

  Even in the configuration described above, the same effects as those described in the above embodiment can be obtained.

  Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes all possible combinations thereof.

  1,11 input terminal, 2,12 output terminal, 3,13 amplifier, 4,14 quadrature modulator, 5 quadrature demodulator, 6,16 predistortion unit, 8,18 digital analog converter, 9,19 complex multiplier 10 Analog-digital converter 27, 28, 29, 75, 76 Switch 31, 32 Up converter 33 Down converter 41, 51 Amplitude calculation section 42, 52 Instantaneous coefficient generation section 43, 53 Storage section 61 , 62 comparator, 63 nonlinear characteristic estimation unit, 64 comparison / estimation unit, 65 IQ error correction unit, 71, 72, 77, 78 delay unit, 73, 74, 79, 80 phase shift unit, 81 multi-port distributor, 82 multi-port combiner, 83, 84 peak suppressor, 91 control signal input terminal, 92 voltage controller, 100 switching controller, 101 Control signal input terminal, the transmission unit for U1~U4 array antenna.

Claims (7)

A transmission unit that is provided in each of the N systems corresponding to the number of antenna branches and that amplifies the transmission data predistortion signal by analog conversion and frequency conversion, and then amplifies it by an amplifier to generate a transmission signal;
For each system that inputs the transmission data, calculates an instantaneous amplitude, reads out a distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude from a storage unit, generates the predistortion signal multiplied by the transmission data, and inputs the predistortion signal to the transmission unit A predistortion section provided in
For each of a plurality of systems assigned among the N systems, a part of the transmission signal from the transmission unit is fed back, and a frequency conversion and digital conversion feedback signal and the transmission data of the system are compared with the distortion. Compensation coefficient is calculated and output to the predistortion unit for updating the storage unit, and M feedbacks (N and M are positive integers) less than the number N of systems to which N systems are allocated without duplication An estimation calculation unit;
Switching means provided for each of the feedback estimation calculation units to switch and connect to a plurality of systems assigned the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time division manner,
Any one of the M feedback estimation calculation units is connected to all of the N systems of transmission units and predistortion units, and all of the feedback estimation calculations are performed so as to estimate and update distortion compensation coefficients of all N systems. A switching control unit for controlling switching of each switching means of the unit,
With
Each transmission unit performs a quadrature modulator that performs digital quadrature modulation on a predistortion signal including an IQ component, a digital-analog converter that performs digital-analog conversion on the quadrature-modulated signal, and an up-converter that performs frequency conversion on the analog-converted signal Including the amplifier for amplifying the frequency-converted signal and outputting a transmission signal;
Each predistortion unit stores an amplitude calculation unit that calculates an instantaneous amplitude of the transmission data including an IQ component, a distortion compensation coefficient table according to the instantaneous amplitude, and a distortion compensation coefficient table according to the instantaneous amplitude. The storage unit to be updated, the instantaneous coefficient generation unit that reads the distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to the calculated instantaneous amplitude from the storage unit, and the transmission data is complex-multiplied with the transmission distortion coefficient to output the predistortion signal A complex multiplier that
The feedback estimation calculation unit includes a down-converter that converts a part of the transmission signal from the transmission unit, an analog-to-digital converter that converts the frequency-converted signal into an analog-digital signal, and performs digital quadrature demodulation on the digital-converted signal. A quadrature demodulator that outputs a feedback signal including an IQ component that has been performed, a comparison that compares the feedback signal after quadrature demodulation and the transmission data by a comparator for each IQ component, and estimates the distortion compensation coefficient that minimizes the comparison result・ Includes an estimation unit,
Each switching means is
A first switching unit that inputs the amplified transmission signal output from the transmission unit of each assigned system to the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time-sharing manner;
A second switching unit that inputs the transmission data of each assigned system to the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time-sharing manner;
A third switching unit that outputs the distortion compensation coefficient calculated by the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time division manner to the predistortion unit of the corresponding system;
Including,
A delay unit that delays the feedback signal or the transmission data for each system so that the delay times of the feedback signal and the transmission data input to the feedback estimation calculation unit coincide;
A phase shift unit that changes the phase of the feedback signal or the transmission data for each system, so that the transmission signal and the transmission data input to the feedback estimation calculation unit match.
Equipped with a,
The N systems of amplifiers have different saturation powers depending on the excitation amplitude distribution of the array antenna.
A transmitter for an array antenna. A transmission unit that is provided in each of the N systems corresponding to the number of antenna branches and that amplifies the transmission data predistortion signal by analog conversion and frequency conversion, and then amplifies it by an amplifier to generate a transmission signal;
For each system that inputs the transmission data, calculates an instantaneous amplitude, reads out a distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude from a storage unit, generates the predistortion signal multiplied by the transmission data, and inputs the predistortion signal to the transmission unit A predistortion section provided in
For each of a plurality of systems assigned among the N systems, a part of the transmission signal from the transmission unit is fed back, and a frequency conversion and digital conversion feedback signal and the transmission data of the system are compared with the distortion. Compensation coefficient is calculated and output to the predistortion unit for updating the storage unit, and M feedbacks (N and M are positive integers) less than the number N of systems to which N systems are allocated without duplication An estimation calculation unit;
Switching means provided for each of the feedback estimation calculation units to switch and connect to a plurality of systems assigned the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time division manner,
Any one of the M feedback estimation calculation units is connected to all of the N systems of transmission units and predistortion units, and all of the feedback estimation calculations are performed so as to estimate and update distortion compensation coefficients of all N systems. A switching control unit for controlling switching of each switching means of the unit,
With
Each transmission unit performs a quadrature modulator that performs digital quadrature modulation on a predistortion signal including an IQ component, a digital-analog converter that performs digital-analog conversion on the quadrature-modulated signal, and an up-converter that performs frequency conversion on the analog-converted signal Including the amplifier for amplifying the frequency-converted signal and outputting a transmission signal;
Each predistortion unit stores an amplitude calculation unit that calculates an instantaneous amplitude of the transmission data including an IQ component, a distortion compensation coefficient table according to the instantaneous amplitude, and a distortion compensation coefficient table according to the instantaneous amplitude. The storage unit to be updated, the instantaneous coefficient generation unit that reads the distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to the calculated instantaneous amplitude from the storage unit, and the transmission data is complex-multiplied with the transmission distortion coefficient to output the predistortion signal A complex multiplier that
The feedback estimation calculation unit includes a down-converter that converts a part of the transmission signal from the transmission unit, an analog-to-digital converter that converts the frequency-converted signal into an analog-digital signal, and performs digital quadrature demodulation on the digital-converted signal. A quadrature demodulator that outputs a feedback signal including an IQ component that has been performed, a comparison that compares the feedback signal after quadrature demodulation and the transmission data by a comparator for each IQ component, and estimates the distortion compensation coefficient that minimizes the comparison result・ Includes an estimation unit,
Each switching means is
A first switching unit that inputs the amplified transmission signal output from the transmission unit of each assigned system to the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time-sharing manner;
A second switching unit that inputs the transmission data of each assigned system to the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time-sharing manner;
A third switching unit that outputs the distortion compensation coefficient calculated by the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time division manner to the predistortion unit of the corresponding system;
Including,
A delay unit that delays the feedback signal or the transmission data for each system so that the delay times of the feedback signal and the transmission data input to the feedback estimation calculation unit coincide;
A phase shift unit that changes the phase of the feedback signal or the transmission data for each system, so that the transmission signal and the transmission data input to the feedback estimation calculation unit match.
Equipped with a,
A voltage control unit that applies a different feeding voltage to the N-system amplifier according to the excitation amplitude distribution of the array antenna;
A transmitter for an array antenna. A transmission unit that is provided in each of the N systems corresponding to the number of antenna branches and that amplifies the transmission data predistortion signal by analog conversion and frequency conversion, and then amplifies it by an amplifier to generate a transmission signal;
For each system that inputs the transmission data, calculates an instantaneous amplitude, reads out a distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude from a storage unit, generates the predistortion signal multiplied by the transmission data, and inputs the predistortion signal to the transmission unit A predistortion section provided in
For each of a plurality of systems assigned among the N systems, a part of the transmission signal from the transmission unit is fed back, and a frequency conversion and digital conversion feedback signal and the transmission data of the system are compared with the distortion. Compensation coefficient is calculated and output to the predistortion unit for updating the storage unit, and M feedbacks (N and M are positive integers) less than the number N of systems to which N systems are allocated without duplication An estimation calculation unit;
Switching means provided for each of the feedback estimation calculation units to switch and connect to a plurality of systems assigned the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time division manner,
Any one of the M feedback estimation calculation units is connected to all of the N systems of transmission units and predistortion units, and all of the feedback estimation calculations are performed so as to estimate and update distortion compensation coefficients of all N systems. A switching control unit for controlling switching of each switching means of the unit,
With
Each transmission unit performs a quadrature modulator that performs digital quadrature modulation on a predistortion signal including an IQ component, a digital-analog converter that performs digital-analog conversion on the quadrature-modulated signal, and an up-converter that performs frequency conversion on the analog-converted signal Including the amplifier for amplifying the frequency-converted signal and outputting a transmission signal;
Each predistortion unit stores an amplitude calculation unit that calculates an instantaneous amplitude of the transmission data including an IQ component, a distortion compensation coefficient table according to the instantaneous amplitude, and a distortion compensation coefficient table according to the instantaneous amplitude. The storage unit to be updated, the instantaneous coefficient generation unit that reads the distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to the calculated instantaneous amplitude from the storage unit, and the transmission data is complex-multiplied with the transmission distortion coefficient to output the predistortion signal A complex multiplier that
The feedback estimation calculation unit includes a quadrature demodulator that demodulates a part of the transmission signal from the transmission unit into an analog baseband IQ component, an analog-digital converter that converts the demodulated signal into an analog-digital signal, and a quadrature to a digitally converted signal. An IQ error correction unit that compensates for an error generated in the demodulator and outputs it as a feedback signal, and the distortion that minimizes the comparison result when the error-compensated feedback signal and the transmission data are compared for each IQ component by a comparator. It includes a comparison / estimator that estimates the compensation coefficient,
Each switching means is
A first switching unit that inputs the amplified transmission signal output from the transmission unit of each assigned system to the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time-sharing manner;
A second switching unit that inputs the transmission data of each assigned system to the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time-sharing manner;
A third switching unit that outputs the distortion compensation coefficient calculated by the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time division manner to the predistortion unit of the corresponding system;
Including,
A delay unit that delays the feedback signal or the transmission data for each system so that the delay times of the feedback signal and the transmission data input to the feedback estimation calculation unit coincide;
A phase shift unit that changes the phase of the feedback signal or the transmission data for each system, so that the transmission signal and the transmission data input to the feedback estimation calculation unit match.
Equipped with a,
The N systems of amplifiers have different saturation powers depending on the excitation amplitude distribution of the array antenna.
A transmitter for an array antenna. A transmission unit that is provided in each of the N systems corresponding to the number of antenna branches and that amplifies the transmission data predistortion signal by analog conversion and frequency conversion, and then amplifies it by an amplifier to generate a transmission signal;
For each system that inputs the transmission data, calculates an instantaneous amplitude, reads out a distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to the instantaneous amplitude from a storage unit, generates the predistortion signal multiplied by the transmission data, and inputs the predistortion signal to the transmission unit A predistortion section provided in
For each of a plurality of systems assigned among the N systems, a part of the transmission signal from the transmission unit is fed back, and a frequency conversion and digital conversion feedback signal and the transmission data of the system are compared with the distortion. Compensation coefficient is calculated and output to the predistortion unit for updating the storage unit, and M feedbacks (N and M are positive integers) less than the number N of systems to which N systems are allocated without duplication An estimation calculation unit;
Switching means provided for each of the feedback estimation calculation units to switch and connect to a plurality of systems assigned the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time division manner,
Any one of the M feedback estimation calculation units is connected to all of the N systems of transmission units and predistortion units, and all of the feedback estimation calculations are performed so as to estimate and update distortion compensation coefficients of all N systems. A switching control unit for controlling switching of each switching means of the unit,
With
Each transmission unit performs a quadrature modulator that performs digital quadrature modulation on a predistortion signal including an IQ component, a digital-analog converter that performs digital-analog conversion on the quadrature-modulated signal, and an up-converter that performs frequency conversion on the analog-converted signal Including the amplifier for amplifying the frequency-converted signal and outputting a transmission signal;
Each predistortion unit stores an amplitude calculation unit that calculates an instantaneous amplitude of the transmission data including an IQ component, a distortion compensation coefficient table according to the instantaneous amplitude, and a distortion compensation coefficient table according to the instantaneous amplitude. The storage unit to be updated, the instantaneous coefficient generation unit that reads the distortion compensation coefficient corresponding to the calculated instantaneous amplitude from the storage unit, and the transmission data is complex-multiplied with the transmission distortion coefficient to output the predistortion signal A complex multiplier that
The feedback estimation calculation unit includes a quadrature demodulator that demodulates a part of the transmission signal from the transmission unit into an analog baseband IQ component, an analog-digital converter that converts the demodulated signal into an analog-digital signal, and a quadrature to a digitally converted signal. An IQ error correction unit that compensates for an error generated in the demodulator and outputs it as a feedback signal, and the distortion that minimizes the comparison result when the error-compensated feedback signal and the transmission data are compared for each IQ component by a comparator. It includes a comparison / estimator that estimates the compensation coefficient,
Each switching means is
A first switching unit that inputs the amplified transmission signal output from the transmission unit of each assigned system to the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time-sharing manner;
A second switching unit that inputs the transmission data of each assigned system to the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time-sharing manner;
A third switching unit that outputs the distortion compensation coefficient calculated by the feedback estimation calculation unit in a time division manner to the predistortion unit of the corresponding system;
Including,
A delay unit that delays the feedback signal or the transmission data for each system so that the delay times of the feedback signal and the transmission data input to the feedback estimation calculation unit coincide;
A phase shift unit that changes the phase of the feedback signal or the transmission data for each system, so that the transmission signal and the transmission data input to the feedback estimation calculation unit match.
Equipped with a,
A voltage control unit that applies a different feeding voltage to the N-system amplifier according to the excitation amplitude distribution of the array antenna;
A transmitter for an array antenna. 5. The array antenna transmitter according to claim 2 , wherein the voltage control unit dynamically controls the supply voltage in accordance with an input excitation amplitude distribution control signal of the array antenna.   The peak suppression unit for suppressing the ratio between the instantaneous peak power and the average power of each transmission data is provided before the predistortion unit of each of the systems. The transmitter for an array antenna according to item 1. A multi-port distributor that inputs transmission data for the N systems, distributes the transmission data to the N systems, and outputs the transmission data for the N systems in the previous stage of the predistortion unit over the N systems;
A multi-port synthesizer that inputs the amplified transmission signal at the subsequent stage of the transmission unit over the N systems, and synthesizes and outputs the transmission signal for the transmission antenna for the N systems;
The array antenna transmitter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising:

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