JP5396839B2 - Burner - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a burner. Specifically, the present invention relates to a burner capable of reducing harmful substances by using liquid fuel such as kerosene or A heavy oil.

  Conventionally, a boiler having a can having a group of water tubes arranged in an annular shape is well known, and in such a boiler, a burner is generally arranged at the center of the water tube group. . That is, in the boiler having such a configuration, the central portion of the annularly arranged water tube group functions as a combustion chamber for burning the fuel supplied from the burner.

  Further, in the case where gas fuel is used as the burner fuel, many proposals have been made regarding the technology for improving combustibility and the technology for reducing harmful substances (NOx, CO, soot, etc.) (see, for example, Patent Document 1), Some of them are actually effective.

  However, although various proposals have been made for boilers equipped with a combustion device using a liquid fuel such as kerosene or A heavy oil, the combustion device using gas fuel is more combustible technology and harmful substances (NOx). , CO, soot, etc.) are not advanced.

JP-A-8-61614

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and provides a burner capable of reducing harmful substances using liquid fuel such as kerosene and heavy fuel oil A. Let it be an issue.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is a burner provided with a nozzle portion for spraying liquid fuel to a combustion chamber in a can body configured using a plurality of water pipes. An air supply unit that ejects air to the liquid fuel sprayed from the nozzle unit is provided, and the air supply unit includes a plurality of air ejection units around the nozzle unit, and the air supply unit Is provided with a turning restraining plate for rectifying the air ejected from the air ejecting portion.
Specifically, a burner including a nozzle unit that sprays liquid fuel to a combustion chamber in a can body configured using a plurality of water pipes, the liquid fuel sprayed from the nozzle unit An air supply unit for ejecting air is provided, and the air supply unit includes a plurality of air ejection units around the nozzle unit, and includes an inner region of a first cylindrical member provided outside the nozzle unit. A central air supply path, a second cylinder member provided outside the first cylinder member, and an ambient air supply path composed of a region formed between the first cylinder member, and the second The cylinder member is configured to extend to the upstream side from the first cylinder member, and indirectly supplies air supplied from the blower to the inside of the second cylinder member to the central air supply path and the ambient air supply path. In order to introduce the inside of the second cylindrical member In other words, a cavity is provided upstream of the first cylinder member and upstream of the air supply unit, and the cavity and the air supply unit are ejected from the air ejection unit. A swirl prevention plate is provided to rectify the air, and the swirl restraint plate is supplied from the blower and regulates the air introduced into the central air supply path and the ambient air supply path in the cavity. In order to flow, it is extended to the inside of the hollow portion, the swirl prevention plate is provided to partition each of the air ejection portions, and a guide portion for rectifying air is provided in the air ejection portion. It is characterized by that.

  According to such a configuration, since the swirl suppression plate is provided inside the air supply unit that ejects air to the liquid fuel sprayed from the nozzle unit, air is generated in the air supply unit. Properly rectified. That is, according to the present invention, by providing the swirl suppression plate, the drift of the air ejected from the air ejection part is suppressed, and the flame formed by the burner is configured uniformly. Therefore, according to the present invention, even when liquid fuel such as kerosene or heavy fuel oil A is used, it is possible to obtain a burner that can stabilize the combustion state and can reduce harmful substances.

  Moreover, in the burner concerning this invention, the structure by which the cavity part is provided in the upstream of the said air supply part is preferable in order to introduce the air supplied from an air blower indirectly.

  In the present invention, in addition to the above-described configuration, a cavity is provided on the upstream side of the air supply unit. According to this preferable configuration, since the hollow portion is provided, air is indirectly introduced from the blower to the burner. Therefore, according to such a structure, compared with the case where air is directly introduced into the burner from the blower, the drift of the introduced air is further suppressed (that is, the rectifying effect is further promoted). Therefore, the flame is uniformly formed by the burner. Therefore, according to this preferable configuration, even when liquid fuel such as kerosene or heavy fuel oil A is used, it is possible to obtain a burner that can stabilize the combustion state and can reduce harmful substances.

  Furthermore, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is a burner provided with a nozzle portion for spraying liquid fuel to a combustion chamber in a can body configured using a plurality of water tubes. An air supply unit that ejects air to the liquid fuel sprayed from the nozzle unit, and the air supply unit includes a plurality of air ejection units around the nozzle unit; In order to indirectly introduce the supplied air, a cavity is formed by extending the air supply part to the upstream side, and the air ejection part includes the air ejection part including the cavity part. In order to rectify the air ejected from the air, a turning restraining plate is provided.

The present invention is provided with a cavity part that extends the air supply part upstream, and rectifies the air ejected from the air ejection part inside the air supply part including the cavity part, A turning restraining plate is provided.
According to such a configuration, since the hollow portion is provided, air is indirectly introduced from the blower to the burner. Therefore, compared with the case where air is directly introduced from the blower to the burner, the drift of the introduced air is suppressed (that is, the rectifying effect is promoted), so that the flame is generated in the burner. It will be configured uniformly. Moreover, according to such a structure, since the said rotation suppression board is provided, air is appropriately rectified within the said air supply part. That is, according to the present invention, since the hollow portion and the swirl prevention plate provided in the air supply portion including the hollow portion are provided, the drift of the air ejected from the air ejection portion Is more effectively suppressed, and the flame formed by the burner is configured uniformly. Therefore, according to the present invention, even when liquid fuel such as kerosene or heavy fuel oil A is used, it is possible to obtain a burner that can stabilize the combustion state and can reduce harmful substances.

  Moreover, in the burner concerning this invention, the structure by which the said rotation suppression board is provided so that each of the said air ejection part may be divided is preferable.

  According to this preferable configuration, since each of the air ejection portions is partitioned by the turning restraining plate, the drift of the air ejected from each air ejection portion is almost suppressed. Therefore, according to such a configuration, since the flame is configured more effectively and uniformly, the combustion state is stabilized even when liquid fuel such as kerosene or A heavy oil is used, and the harmful substances are reduced. Can be obtained.

  Moreover, in the burner concerning this invention, the structure by which the guide part which rectifies air is provided in the said air ejection part is preferable.

According to this preferable structure, since the air ejected from the air ejection part is rectified by the guide part, various effects can be obtained.
That is, according to the configuration having the guide portion in this way, the linearity of the air is increased by rectification, and the vicinity of the air ejection portion is effectively negative pressure, so that the self-recirculation effect at the time of burner combustion Will increase. Moreover, since the mixing state of the jetted air and the liquid fuel is improved, the burnability of the burner is also improved. Furthermore, according to this preferable configuration, since the linearity of the air ejected from the air ejecting portion is improved, it is possible to reduce the burner pressure loss.

  In the burner according to the present invention, it is preferable that the guide portion is provided so as to guide at least a part of the air ejected from the air ejection portion in a direction away from the gas discharge port of the can body.

According to this preferable configuration, the guide portion is configured in the air ejection portion so that the gas generated in the burner does not short-pass from the gas discharge port provided in the can body. The combustion performance can be improved and the reduction of harmful substances can be realized.
Specifically, according to such a configuration, since the gas does not short pass to the gas discharge port (because it is not pulled), the gas (including the flame) generated by the burner is sufficiently contained in the can body. Can be enlarged. That is, since the gas temperature decreases due to the expansion of the gas, the NOx value can be reduced. Furthermore, since gas is not pulled toward the gas discharge port, an exhaust gas circulation flow in the can is appropriately formed. If it does so, gas temperature will fall by the waste gas circulation flow (self EGR) in the said can, and it will become possible to reduce a NOx value.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the burner which can implement | achieve reduction of a hazardous | toxic substance can be obtained using liquid fuels, such as kerosene and A heavy oil.

  Before describing the embodiments of the present invention, terms used in this specification will be described.

  In the present specification, when simply referred to as “gas”, the gas is a concept including at least one of a gas during a combustion reaction and a gas for which the combustion reaction has been completed, and may also be referred to as a combustion gas. In other words, the gas includes both the gas in the combustion reaction and the gas in which the combustion reaction is completed, the gas in the combustion reaction only, or the gas in which the combustion reaction is completed only. It is a concept that includes. Hereinafter, the same concept is used unless otherwise described.

  Further, the exhaust gas means a gas in which the combustion reaction is completed or almost completed. Further, unless otherwise specified, exhaust gas means either or both of the gas that passes through the boiler body and reaches the chimney and the gas that circulates in the body.

  Further, the gas temperature means the temperature of the gas during the combustion reaction unless otherwise specified, and is synonymous with the combustion temperature or the combustion flame temperature. Further, the suppression of the gas temperature means that the maximum value of the gas (combustion flame) temperature is kept low. In general, the combustion reaction is extremely small in the above-mentioned “gas for which the combustion reaction has been completed”, but continues, so “completion of the combustion reaction” means 100% completion of the combustion reaction. It is not a thing.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

  First, the burner according to the first aspect of the present embodiment is a burner including a nozzle unit that sprays liquid fuel onto a combustion chamber in a can body configured using a plurality of water pipes, and sprays from the nozzle unit. An air supply unit for ejecting air to the liquid fuel is provided, and the air supply unit has a plurality of air ejection units around the nozzle unit, and an air ejection unit is provided inside the air supply unit. In order to rectify the air ejected from the air, a swirl prevention plate is provided.

  According to such a configuration, since the swirl suppression plate is provided inside the air supply unit that ejects air to the liquid fuel sprayed from the nozzle unit, the air is appropriately rectified in the air supply unit. The That is, according to the present embodiment, by providing the turning suppression plate, the drift of the air ejected from the air ejection part is suppressed, and the flame formed by the burner is configured uniformly. Therefore, according to this embodiment, even when liquid fuel such as kerosene or heavy fuel oil A is used, the combustion state is stabilized, so that a burner capable of reducing harmful substances can be obtained.

  In the burner according to the second aspect of the present embodiment, in the configuration of the first aspect, a cavity is provided on the upstream side of the air supply unit so as to indirectly introduce the air supplied from the blower.

  According to such a configuration, since the cavity is provided, air is indirectly introduced from the blower to the burner. In other words, according to the present embodiment, compared with the case where air is directly introduced from the blower to the burner, the drift of the introduced air is further suppressed (that is, the rectifying effect is further promoted). Therefore, the flame is uniformly formed by the burner. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, even when liquid fuel such as kerosene or heavy fuel oil A is used, a burner that can stabilize the combustion state and realize reduction of harmful substances can be obtained.

  The burner according to the third aspect of the present embodiment is a burner including a nozzle unit that sprays liquid fuel onto a combustion chamber in a can body configured using a plurality of water tubes, and is sprayed from the nozzle unit. An air supply unit for ejecting air to the liquid fuel is provided, and the air supply unit has a plurality of air ejection units around the nozzle unit, and is intended to indirectly introduce the air supplied from the blower. The air supply part is provided with a cavity extending upstream, and a swirl prevention plate is provided inside the air supply part including the cavity part to rectify the air ejected from the air ejection part. It is characterized by being.

  In this third embodiment, a hollow portion is provided by extending the air supply portion to the upstream side, and the air supply portion including the hollow portion is swirled to rectify the air blown from the air blowout portion. A deterrent plate is provided. According to such a configuration, since the cavity is provided, air is indirectly introduced from the blower to the burner. That is, as compared with the case where air is directly introduced from the blower to the burner, the drift of the introduced air is suppressed (that is, the rectifying effect is promoted), so that the flame is generated in the burner. It will be configured uniformly. Moreover, according to such a structure, since the turning suppression board is provided, air is appropriately rectified in the air supply unit. That is, according to the present embodiment, since the hollow portion and the swirl suppression plate provided in the air supply portion including the hollow portion are provided, the drift of the air blown from the air blowout portion is more effective. The flame formed by the burner is uniformly configured. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, even when liquid fuel such as kerosene or A heavy oil is used, a burner that can stabilize the combustion state and can reduce harmful substances can be obtained.

  In the burner according to the fourth aspect of the present embodiment, the rotation suppression plate is provided to partition each of the air ejection portions in the configuration of any one of the first aspect to the third aspect described above.

  According to such a configuration, since each of the air ejection portions is partitioned by the turning restraining plate, the drift of the air ejected from each air ejection portion is almost suppressed. Therefore, according to such a configuration, since the flame is configured more effectively and uniformly, the combustion state is stabilized even when liquid fuel such as kerosene or A heavy oil is used, and the harmful substances are reduced. Can be obtained.

  The burner according to the fifth aspect of the present embodiment is provided with a guide part that rectifies air in the air ejection part in the configuration of any one of the first aspect to the fourth aspect described above.

  According to such a configuration, by having the guide portion, the jetted air is rectified (that is, the linearity of the air is increased), and the vicinity of the air jetting portion effectively becomes a negative pressure. Increases self-recycling effect in Moreover, since the mixing state of the jetted air and the liquid fuel is improved, the burnability of the burner is also improved. Furthermore, since the linearity of the air ejected from the air ejection part is improved, it is possible to reduce the burner pressure loss.

  In the burner according to the sixth aspect of the present embodiment, in the configuration of the fifth aspect described above, the guide portion guides at least part of the air ejected from the air ejection portion in a direction away from the gas discharge port of the can body. It has been established.

  According to such a structure, since the guide part is provided in the air ejection part so that the gas produced | generated with the burner does not carry out a short path | pass from the gas discharge port provided in the can body, the combustion performance of a burner Can be achieved, and reduction of harmful substances can be realized. More specifically, according to such a configuration, the gas does not short pass to the gas discharge port (because it is not pulled), so that the gas (including the flame) generated by the burner is sufficiently contained in the can. Can be enlarged. That is, since the gas temperature decreases due to the expansion of the gas, the NOx value can be reduced. Furthermore, since gas is not pulled to the gas discharge port side, the exhaust gas circulation flow in the can body is appropriately formed. If it does so, gas temperature will fall by the waste gas circulation flow (self EGR) in a can, and it will become possible to reduce a NOx value.

  Hereinafter, based on drawings, a burner and a boiler concerning an example of the present invention are explained.

  1 and 2 are schematic views of a boiler equipped with a burner according to an embodiment of the present invention. Here, FIG. 1 shows an explanatory view of a longitudinal section of the boiler according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows an explanatory view of a transverse section along the line II-II in FIG. 3 and 4 show schematic views of the burner according to the present embodiment. Here, FIG. 3 shows an explanatory view of a longitudinal section of the burner according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 4 shows a bottom view of the burner shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the combustion state (gas flow) of the boiler according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a boiler 1 according to the present embodiment includes a can 10 having a group of water tubes arranged in an annular shape, and a burner 20 disposed in the center of these water tube groups (the present invention). And a wind box 60 for supplying combustion air to the burner 20 is provided above the burner 20.

  The can body 10 is configured by standing a plurality of water pipe groups (an inner water pipe group 13 and an outer water pipe group 14) between an upper header 11 and a lower header 12. Each of the water tube groups 13 and 14 is arranged in a substantially concentric annular shape, and an outer water tube group 14 is provided at a predetermined interval from the inner water tube group 13, and between the inner water tube group 13 and the outer water tube group 14. An annular gas flow path 18 is formed at the end. Further, in the present embodiment, the inside of these annularly arranged water tube groups 13 and 14 functions as the combustion chamber 16, and the burner 20 described above is provided above the combustion chamber 16. .

  Further, in the present embodiment, the inner water tube group 13 is formed in an annular shape in a state where the inner water tubes 13a are in close contact with each other or in a state where the adjacent inner water tubes 13a are connected by the inner fin portions 13b. A gas discharge port 17 is provided in a part. The gas discharge port 17 is opened along the long axis direction of the water pipe and functions to guide the gas generated in the combustion chamber 16 inside the inner water pipe group 13 to the annular gas flow path 18.

  Further, the outer water pipe group 14 is formed in an annular shape with a substantially uniform predetermined interval between the outer water pipes 14a, and a gap between the adjacent outer water pipes 14a should be eliminated between the outer water pipes 14a. The connected outer fin portion 14b is provided. A part of the outer water tube group 14 is provided with an outer opening 19, and the outer opening 19 functions as a discharge part for discharging the gas whose combustion reaction is almost completed to the outside of the can body. That is, the gas generated by the burner 20 is collected in the outer opening 19 and then discharged to the outside of the can body 10 through an exhaust pipe (not shown) provided at a lower position of the can body.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the burner 20 according to the present embodiment is installed on a partition wall 61 in a wind box 60 which is an air supply means for supplying combustion air to the burner 20. Specifically, the mounting plate 21 constituting the burner 20 is mounted on the partition wall 61 from above, and the mounting plate 21 is fastened to the partition wall 61 by fastening means (not shown) such as a bolt, thereby the burner. 20 is installed in the partition wall 61 in the wind box 60. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the blower that supplies air into the wind box 60 is omitted because it is a well-known technique.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the burner 20 according to the present embodiment includes a nozzle portion 22 (first nozzle portion 22a, second nozzle portion 22b) for spraying liquid fuel, and a portion near the first nozzle portion 22a. An air supply path (central air for supplying primary air) provided for mixing the igniter 23 provided to be positioned at the tip and the liquid fuel sprayed from the nozzle unit 22 with the air supplied from the wind box 60. The supply air 24, the ambient air supply passage 25 for supplying secondary air (corresponding to the “air supply part” of the present invention), and the central air for injecting the air supplied from the central air supply passage 24 toward the combustion chamber 16. A plurality of ambient air ejection portions 27 for ejecting air supplied from the ambient air supply path 25 and the ejection portion 26 to the combustion chamber 16 side (the “air ejection portion (air ejection portion provided around the nozzle portion of the present invention) ) Considerable) (which is configured with a first ambient air injection unit 27a~ sixth ambient air ejection section 27f).

  As the nozzle portion 22 according to the present embodiment, a first nozzle portion 22a that sprays liquid fuel at the time of low combustion and high combustion, and a second nozzle portion 22b that sprays liquid fuel only at the time of high combustion are provided. . That is, the nozzle part 22 includes a first nozzle part 22a that is in a fuel supply state during low combustion (and a high combustion period) and a second nozzle part 22b that is in a fuel supply state together with the first nozzle part 22a during high combustion. The fuel supply state in each nozzle portion 22 is appropriately switched according to the combustion load of the boiler. That is, each nozzle part 22a, 22b is on / off controlled as necessary.

  The central air supply path 24 constituting the burner 20 is configured using a first cylinder member 34 provided outside the nozzle portion 22, and the ambient air supply path 25 is configured using the first cylinder member 34. Has been. That is, the inner area of the first cylinder member 34 functions as the central air supply path 24, and the area formed between the first cylinder member 34 and the second cylinder member 35 functions as the ambient air supply path 25.

  A first air supply plate 36 in which a central air ejection portion 26 is perforated is provided at the distal end portion (the end portion on the combustion chamber 16 side of the boiler 1) of the first cylindrical member 34, and is supplied from the wind box 60. Air is ejected to the combustion chamber 16 side through the central air ejection portion 26. Further, a second air supply plate 37 provided with a plurality of ambient air ejection portions 27 is provided at the tip end portion (the end portion on the combustion chamber 16 side of the boiler 1) of the second cylindrical member 37, and a wind box 60 is provided. The air supplied from is not only ejected from the central air ejection portion 26 but also through the plurality of ambient air ejection portions 27 to the combustion chamber 16 side.

  The ambient air ejection part 27 (corresponding to the “air ejection part” of the present invention) is provided around the nozzle part 22 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. And this ambient air ejection part 27 of the air spouted from the ambient air ejection part 27 is prevented so that the gas produced | generated in the burner 20 does not carry out a short path | pass from the gas discharge port 17 provided in the can 10. It is configured to control the flow.

  The ambient air ejection part 27 according to the present embodiment is configured such that the three ambient air ejection parts 27 (first ambient air ejection part 27a to third ambient air ejection part 27c) facing the gas discharge port 17 are guided to the guide part 38 (first One guide portion 38a to a third guide portion 38c) are provided. More specifically, the ambient air ejection part 27 (the first ambient air ejection part 27a to the third ambient air ejection part 27c) gases at least part of the air ejected from the respective ambient air ejection parts 27a to 27c. Guide portions 38 (first guide portion 38a to third guide portion 38c) for guiding in a direction away from the discharge port 17, and respective ambient air ejection portions 27 (first ambient air ejection portion 27a to third ambient air ejection portion 27c). And a diffusing portion 39 (first diffusing portion 39a to third diffusing portion 39c) that promotes diffusion of air ejected from the air.

  In the present embodiment, six substantially trapezoidal through-hole portions 31 (first through-hole portion 31a to sixth through-hole portion 31f) are drilled in the second air supply plate 37, and three through-hole portions 31a. A guide portion 38 (first guide portion 38a to third guide portion 38c) is configured by using a plate-like member on the gas discharge port 17 side in the? 31c ("left side" in each drawing of this embodiment). The guide portion 38 is configured to cover a part of each through-hole portion 31. In the present embodiment, a portion not covered with the guide portion 38 is ejected from the ambient air ejection portion 27. It functions as a diffusion part 39 (first diffusion part 39a to third diffusion part 39c) that promotes the diffusion of air.

  Each guide part 38 is a direction in which at least a part of air ejected from each ambient air ejection part 27 (mainly air in a region covered by the guide part 38 of the through-hole part 31) is away from the gas discharge port 17. Therefore, the plate member is inclined (inclined in the direction opposite to the gas discharge port 17 ("right side" in FIG. 3)). The inclination angle θ (attachment angle) at this time is preferably about 20 ° to 60 °. In addition, the height of each guide portion 38 is set so that the liquid fuel sprayed in a cone shape (triangular pyramid shape with the nozzle portion 22 as a vertex) from the nozzle portion 22 does not contact each guide portion 38. Yes.

  As described above, the diffusing portion 39 (the first diffusing portion 39a to the third diffusing portion 39c) is a portion of the through-hole portion 31 that is not covered with the guide portion 38 (indicated by a broken line in FIGS. 3 and 4). Area). This part (diffusion part 39) is not provided with an element for rectifying the air supplied via the ambient air supply path 25 such as the guide part 38 or the like. Will partially expand rapidly.

  Therefore, in the burner 20 according to the present embodiment, the air ejected from the ambient air ejection part 27 is guided in the direction away from the gas discharge port by the guide part 38, and part of the air is promoted to diffuse by the diffusion part 39. The Rukoto.

Moreover, in this embodiment, between the upper end part (1st cylinder member upper end part 34A) of the 1st cylinder member 34 and the upper end part (2nd cylinder member upper end part 35A) of the 2nd cylinder member 35, ie, ambient air A cavity 50 is provided on the upstream side (corresponding to “the upstream side of the air supply unit” of the present invention) of the supply path 25 (corresponding to the “air supply unit” of the present invention). As shown in FIG. 1, the hollow portion 50 is formed in such a manner that the air Q supplied from the duct portion 62 of the wind box 60 connected to the blower (not shown) is not directly introduced into the burner 20. The position (size) of the upper end portion 35A of the second cylinder member is determined so that at least a part of the air Q supplied from the portion 62 collides with the side surface of the second cylinder member 35.
According to such a configuration, since air supplied from a blower (not shown) is indirectly introduced into the air supply paths 24 and 25 that constitute the burner 20, air drift is suppressed.

  Further, the burner 20 according to the present embodiment is provided with an ambient air supply path 25 (corresponding to the “air supply part” of the present invention) for ejecting air to the liquid fuel sprayed from the nozzle part 22, and this At the tip of the ambient air supply path 25, there are a plurality of ambient air ejection parts 27 (corresponding to the “air ejection part” of the present invention) around the nozzle part 22. Is provided with a turning restraining plate 41 to rectify the air ejected from the ambient air ejection section 27 (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

  More specifically, in this embodiment, in order to correspond to the number of ambient air ejection portions 27 (six in this embodiment), the turning restraining plate 41 (first turning restraining plate 41a to sixth turning restraining plate 41f). ) Are provided to partition each of the ambient air ejection portions 27. That is, in the present embodiment, the surrounding air supply path 25 is divided into six by the turning restraining plates 41a to 41f ("the first ambient air supply path 25a to the sixth ambient air supply path 25f in FIG. 4). ). In addition, in the present embodiment, the rotation suppression plates 41 a to 41 f are also provided for the cavity 50.

  The boiler 1 concerning a present Example is comprised as mentioned above, and has the following effects based on the structure. Hereinafter, in addition to FIGS. 1-4, FIG. 5 is used and the effect is demonstrated concretely. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the gas flow in the can during low combustion. In FIG. 5, the gas flow state diagram (gas F0) indicated by a two-dot chain line is different from the present embodiment in the burner structure, and the gas shape (flame shape) when the air from the burner is ejected in a substantially vertical manner. The gas flow state diagram (gas F1) indicated by the solid line shows the gas shape (flame shape) formed by the burner 20 according to the present embodiment.

  When the burner 20 according to the present embodiment is operated in a low combustion state, first, a blower (not shown) is driven, and air is supplied to the central air supply path 24 and the ambient air supply path 25 via the wind box 60. Is done. At this time, the air supplied from the wind box 60 collides with the outside of the second cylindrical member 35, and then is rectified in the wind box 60 and supplied to the burner 20. Moreover, since it has the rotation suppression board 41, even after it introduce | transduces into the surrounding air supply path | route 25, air is supplied with respect to the surrounding air ejection part 27 in the state by which the drift was suppressed more effectively. Become. That is, in this embodiment, by having the cavity 50 and the turning restraining plate 41, the air indirectly introduced from the blower is rectified more effectively, and the ambient air ejection part 27 of the burner 20 is rectified. Will be supplied.

  Next, in the present embodiment, the igniter 23 is energized in accordance with the timing at which the liquid fuel is sprayed from the first nozzle portion 22a.

  That is, in the present embodiment, air is ejected from the central air ejection part 26 and the ambient air ejection part 27 via the central air supply path 24 and the ambient air supply path 25, and sprayed from this air and the first nozzle part 22a. Mixing with the liquid fuel is performed. Then, the liquid fuel mixed with air is ignited by an igniter 23 provided near the first nozzle portion 22a to form an electric spark when energized. By this ignition, the liquid fuel sprayed from the first nozzle portion 22a is combusted, and the low combustion state is maintained as long as the liquid fuel is continuously sprayed from the first nozzle portion 22a. Further, if the liquid fuel is supplied from the second nozzle portion 22b together with the first nozzle portion 22a, the burner 20 enters a high combustion state.

  In the burner 20 according to the present embodiment, the fuel supply state in the nozzle portion 22 is appropriately switched (on / off control), and can be switched to any one of the stop state, the low combustion state, and the high combustion state. That is, when the combustion state continues, switching from low combustion to high combustion or from high combustion to low combustion is possible.

  The amount of air supplied to the burner 20 is generally adjusted using a damper (not shown) provided in a duct between the wind box 60 and the blower, an inverter for controlling the rotational speed of the blower, or the like (not shown). The And this air is supplied corresponding to the supply amount of liquid fuel. For example, in a burner configured using two nozzle tips having similar fuel supply performance, the amount of air supplied when liquid fuel is sprayed from one of the nozzle tips (at the time of low combustion) is “1”. Then, the amount of air supplied when spraying liquid fuel from both nozzle tips (during high combustion) is set to “2”. Such air amount adjustment is performed using a damper or an inverter.

  Now, in the boiler 1 configured and functioning as described above, as shown in FIG. 5, when the burner 20 is in a low combustion state, the gas spread uniformly around the center of the combustion chamber 16 in the can 10. F1 (solid line) is formed. The gas F <b> 1 having such a shape is formed by the burner 20 from the gas discharge port 17 provided in the can body 10 in the ambient air ejection part 27 provided around the nozzle part 22. This is because the flow of air ejected from the ambient air ejection section 27 is configured to be controllable so that the gas does not short pass. More specifically, as described above, the three ambient air ejection portions 27a to 27c have the guide portions 38a to 38c that guide at least a part of the air away from the gas discharge port 17. .

  If the guide portion 38 as in this embodiment is not provided, the gas generated in the burner is pulled toward the gas discharge port 17 so that the gas formed in the can 10 is It becomes like the gas F0 shown by the broken line 5. That is, since the conventionally known burner is not provided with the guide portion 38 as shown in the present embodiment, it is considered that the gas F0 having such a shape was formed in the can. In such a case, since the gas is pulled toward the gas discharge port in the can, “the gas cannot be sufficiently expanded in the combustion chamber”, “the exhaust gas circulation flow in the combustion chamber is inhibited” Such problems will occur.

  However, in the present embodiment, as described above, by providing the guide portion 38, the gas F1 spread uniformly in the combustion chamber 16 can be formed. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

  First, in the present embodiment, since the gas F1 does not short pass to the gas discharge port 17 (because it is not pulled), the gas F1 (including the flame) generated by the burner 20 is contained in the combustion chamber 16 of the can 10. Can be expanded sufficiently. That is, since the gas temperature decreases due to the expansion of the gas F1, the NOx value can be reduced.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the gas F1 is not pulled toward the gas discharge port 17 side, so that the exhaust gas circulation flow in the can 10 is appropriately formed. If it does so, gas temperature will fall by the waste gas circulation flow (self EGR) in this can 10, and NOx value can be reduced.

  Further, in this embodiment, a plurality of ambient air ejection portions 27 are provided around the nozzle portion 22 and air is supplied in a state of being divided from these, so that a divided flame is formed in the burner 20. It becomes. Conventionally, a technique for forming a divided flame is known, but as described above, in the conventional technique, gas is pulled to the gas discharge port side, so an appropriate divided flame has not been formed. It is considered a thing. On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, since the air from the three ambient air ejection portions 27a to 27c is ejected while being inclined to the opposite side of the gas exhaust port 17, the gas F1 is pulled toward the gas exhaust port 17 side. Instead, in the burner 20, an appropriate divided flame is formed. If an appropriate divided flame is formed in this way, the surface area of the gas F1 increases and the gas temperature decreases, so the NOx value can be reduced.

  Moreover, the surrounding air ejection parts 27a-27c which comprise the burner 20 concerning a present Example also have the spreading | diffusion parts 39a-39c with the guide parts 38a-38c which exhibit the various effect mentioned above. As described above, the diffusion portions 39a to 39c are portions that are not covered with the guide portions 38a to 38c in the through hole portions 31a to 31c (see FIGS. 3 and 4). That is, since the diffusion parts 39a to 39c are not provided with elements for rectifying air such as the guide parts 38a to 38c, the air ejected from the diffusion parts 39a to 39c is diffused by the diffusion parts 39a to 39c. The edge portion 39c (edge portions of the through-hole portions 31a to 31c) is partially enlarged rapidly. Then, in the immediate vicinity of the burner 20, a small disturbance occurs in the air, and the mixing state between the liquid fuel sprayed from the nozzle portion 22 and the air can be made partially uneven. Since the burner 20 according to the present embodiment includes the diffusion portions 39a to 39c, the mixing state is not simply improved, and a partially non-uniform mixing state can be formed intentionally. That is, in the present embodiment, by providing the diffusing portions 39a to 39c, it is possible to form a light and dark combustion state in the vicinity of the burner 20, so that the gas temperature can be lowered and the NOx value can be reduced. .

  Furthermore, since the burner 20 according to the present embodiment has the hollow portion 50 and the turning restraining plate 41, the following effects can be obtained.

  As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the burner 20 according to the present embodiment is provided with an ambient air supply path 25 (air supply unit) that ejects air to the liquid fuel sprayed from the nozzle unit 22. A plurality of ambient air ejection portions 27 (air ejection portions) are provided around the nozzle portion 22 at the distal end portion of the ambient air supply path 25, and the ambient air ejection portion 27 is provided inside the ambient air supply path 25. A swirl prevention plate 41 is provided to rectify the air ejected from the air. More specifically, in order to correspond to the number of the surrounding air ejection portions 27, the turning restraining plates 41 (the first turning restraining plate 41a to the sixth turning restraining plate 41f) should partition each of the surrounding air ejecting portions 27. Is provided. That is, in this embodiment, the surrounding air supply path 25 is divided into six by the turning restraining plates 41a to 41f (first ambient air supply path 25a to sixth ambient air supply path 25f). In addition, in the present embodiment, the rotation suppression plates 41 a to 41 f are also provided for the cavity 50.

  According to such a configuration, the swirl suppression plate 41 is provided inside the ambient air supply path 25 that ejects air to the liquid fuel sprayed from the nozzle portion 22. The air is properly rectified. That is, according to this embodiment, by providing the turning suppression plate 41, the drift of the air ejected from the ambient air ejection part 27 is suppressed, and the flame formed by the burner 20 is configured uniformly. Therefore, according to this embodiment, even when liquid fuel such as kerosene or A heavy oil is used, the combustion state is stabilized, and the burner 20 capable of realizing reduction of harmful substances (NOx, CO, etc.) is obtained. be able to.

  The burner 20 according to the present embodiment is between the upper end portion of the first cylinder member 34 (first cylinder member upper end portion 34A) and the upper end portion of the second cylinder member 35 (second cylinder member upper end portion 35A), that is, around the periphery. A cavity 50 is provided on the upstream side of the air supply path 25 (air supply unit). As shown in FIG. 1, the hollow portion 50 is formed in such a manner that the air Q supplied from the duct portion 62 of the wind box 60 connected to the blower (not shown) is not directly introduced into the burner 20. The position (size) of the upper end portion 35A of the second cylinder member is determined so that at least a part of the air Q supplied from the portion 62 collides with the side surface of the second cylinder member 35.

  According to such a configuration, air supplied from a blower (not shown) can be indirectly introduced into the air supply paths 24 and 25 constituting the burner 20, so that air drift is suppressed. Therefore, according to such a configuration, since air is rectified and a flame is uniformly formed in the burner 20, the combustion state is maintained even when liquid fuel such as kerosene or heavy fuel oil A is used. A burner 20 that is stable and can reduce harmful substances (NOx, CO, etc.) can be obtained.

  As described above, according to the burner 20 according to the present embodiment, by providing the cavity 50 and the turning restraining plate 41, the drift of the air introduced into the burner 20 and the introduced air is suppressed. In this state, air can be supplied to the ambient air ejection part 27 in a rectified state. Therefore, according to the burner 20 according to the present embodiment, a uniform flame can be configured. Therefore, even when liquid fuel such as kerosene or heavy fuel oil A is used, the combustion state is stabilized, and harmful substances (NOx, It is possible to obtain a burner 20 that can realize a reduction in CO and the like.

  Moreover, according to the burner 20 according to the present embodiment, the gas temperature is lowered by sufficiently expanding the gas F1 in the combustion chamber 16 of the can body 10, and the appropriate exhaust gas circulation flow formed in the can body 10 is used. NOx can be reduced by the synergistic effect of the gas temperature decrease, the gas temperature decrease due to the formation of an appropriate divided flame, and the gas temperature decrease due to the concentration combustion formed by the diffusion part 39.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and various modifications can be made as necessary within a range that can be adapted to the spirit of the present invention. Both are included in the technical scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the burner 20 provided with both the cavity 50 and the turning restraining plate 41 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. Therefore, for example, it is good also as a structure which provides either one of the cavity part 50 and the rotation suppression board 41. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the turning restraining plate 41 is provided up to the hollow portion 50 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and the height direction dimension can be appropriately changed.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the case where the rotation suppression plate 41 is provided corresponding to the number of the surrounding air ejection portions 27 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. Therefore, the number of swirl prevention plates can be changed as necessary as long as air drift can be suppressed.

  Moreover, although the present Example demonstrated the case where the guide part 38 was provided in the three surrounding air ejection parts 27, this invention is not limited to this structure. Therefore, for example, the guide portion 38 may be provided in two or less or four or more ambient air ejection portions 27 as necessary.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the guide portion 38 provided in the ambient air ejection portion 27 is provided in the same direction and inclined at the same angle has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. Therefore, for example, you may comprise so that the installation inclination angle of each guide part 38 may differ suitably.

  In the above-described embodiments, the case where the guide portion 38 is configured using a plate-shaped member (scoop type) having a U-shaped cross section has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration, and the ambient air Any configuration may be employed as long as at least part of the air ejected from the ejection portion 27 can be guided away from the gas discharge port 17. Therefore, you may comprise a guide part using the flat plate-shaped member of 1 sheet, for example. Specifically, a flat plate-like member may be inclined and provided on “one side” closest to the gas discharge port 17 of the through-hole portion 31 constituting each ambient air ejection portion 27. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to guide at least a part of the air ejected from the ambient air ejecting portion 27 in the direction away from the gas exhaust port 17, and thus the above-described various effects can be obtained. .

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the second nozzle 22b for high combustion is disposed on the central axis of the first cylindrical member 34, and the first nozzle 22a for low combustion (and high combustion) is disposed with respect to the central axis. However, the present invention is not limited to this arrangement. For example, the center between the second nozzle 22b and the first nozzle 22a can be disposed so as to overlap the central axis of the first cylindrical member 34. The present invention can also be applied to a burner that switches between a low combustion amount and a high combustion amount by a single nozzle (not shown).

  In the above embodiment, the type of liquid fuel is not particularly described, but the present invention is not limited to any liquid fuel, and is applied to liquid fuels such as kerosene, A heavy oil, B heavy oil, and C heavy oil. Is possible.

The explanatory drawing of the longitudinal section of the boiler carrying the burner concerning the example of the present invention is shown. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a cross section taken along line II-II in FIG. 1. The explanatory drawing of the longitudinal cross-section of the burner concerning a present Example is shown. FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the burner shown in FIG. 3. The schematic of the combustion state (gas flow) of the boiler concerning a present Example is shown. (It is the schematic which shows the flow of the gas at the time of low combustion.)

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Boiler 10 ... Can body 11 ... Upper header 12 ... Lower header 13 ... Inner water pipe group 13a ... Inner water pipe 13b ... Inner fin part 14 ... Outer water pipe group 14a ... Outer water pipe 14b ... Outer fin part 16 ... Combustion chamber 17 ... Gas Discharge port 18 ... annular gas flow path 19 ... outer opening 20 ... burner 21 ... mounting plate 22 ... nozzle part 22a ... first nozzle part 22b ... second nozzle part 23 ... igniter 24 ... central air supply path 25 ... surroundings Air supply path (corresponding to "air supply part" of the present invention)
25a to 25f ... first ambient air supply path to sixth ambient air supply path 26 ... central air ejection part 27 ... ambient air ejection part (corresponding to "air ejection part" of the present invention)
27a-27f ... 1st surrounding air ejection part-6th ambient air ejection part 31 ... Through-hole part 31a-31f ... 1st through-hole part-6th through-hole part 34 ... 1st cylinder member 34A ... 1st cylinder member upper end Part 35 ... Second cylinder member 35A ... Second cylinder member upper end part 36 ... First air supply plate 37 ... Second air supply plate 38 ... Guide parts 38a to 38c ... First guide part to third guide part 39 ... Diffusion part 39a-39c ... 1st diffusion part-3rd diffusion part 41 ... Turning restraint plate 41a-41f ... 1st turning restraint plate-6th turning restraining plate 50 ... Hollow part 60 ... Wind box 61 ... Bulkhead 62 ... Duct part

Claims (2)

A burner provided with a nozzle portion for spraying liquid fuel to a combustion chamber in a can body configured using a plurality of water pipes,
Air supply unit for ejecting air are provided to the liquid fuel sprayed from the nozzle unit, the air supply unit may have a plurality of air ejection portion around the nozzle portion, the outside of the nozzle portion A central air supply path configured from an inner area of the first cylinder member provided in the area, and an area formed between the second cylinder member and the first cylinder member provided outside the first cylinder member. It consists of an ambient air supply path that consists of
The second cylinder member is configured to extend to the upstream side from the first cylinder member,
An upstream portion of the first cylinder member among the interiors of the second cylinder member for indirectly introducing the air supplied from the blower into the second cylinder member into the central air supply path and the ambient air supply path. And a cavity is provided upstream of the air supply unit,
A swirl suppression plate is provided inside the hollow portion and the air supply portion to rectify the air ejected from the air ejection portion,
The swirl suppression plate is supplied from the blower, and is extended into the cavity to rectify the air introduced into the central air supply path and the ambient air supply path in the cavity.
The swirl prevention plate is provided to partition each of the air ejection portions;
A burner characterized in that a guide portion for rectifying air is provided in the air ejection portion . The guide part is provided to guide at least a part of the air ejected from the air ejection part in a direction away from the gas discharge port of the can body.
The burner according to claim 1.

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