JP5393329B2 - FRP member joining structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a joint structure of FRP members, and particularly to a joint structure of beams and girders used as a structural member.

  In general, when joining steel members such as beams and girders used in civil engineering and buildings, etc., a machine that welds joints or sandwiches the upper and lower surfaces and side surfaces of a member with flat attachment plates and tightens the members with bolts or rivets. Formula junctions are used.

  On the other hand, in joining of FRP members, a mechanical joining method using an attachment plate is used in accordance with joining of steel members. Furthermore, when there is a possibility that the rigidity of the member may be reduced in the vicinity of the joint with only the attachment plate, it may be used in combination with adhesive joining.

  In the conventional joining structure, for example, in the case of joining in an I-shaped girder or H-shaped girder, since the flange and web attachment plates are installed on each, the arrangement of bolts and rivets may be limited, and design and construction Is difficult to rationalize.

  As a rationalization measure for construction, a method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. In the joining method disclosed in Patent Document 1, a joining member that covers the entire surface of the joining end portion of the member to be joined is used, but this joining member has special processing and production accuracy. Since it will be required, the economic efficiency will deteriorate. In addition, it must be applied only to the joining of the main girders, which is the joining of the beams extending in the axial direction. Application has become difficult.

  In addition, when a conventional joint structure is applied to the FRP member, when a load is applied to the member, stress concentration occurs in the FRP member at the end of the attachment plate, and the FRP member has a lower strength than the strength of the base material at this portion. There is a risk of destruction. Therefore, with such a conventional joining structure, the strength of the FRP member itself cannot be fully utilized.

  Furthermore, a structure disclosed in Patent Document 2 is known as a joining structure of FRP members. In this joining structure, it joins via the joining member of another material installed in the FRP member, and it is set as the structure which prevents the strength reduction of a FRP member. It has also been shown that the occurrence of stress concentration is suppressed by providing a tapered portion on the joining member. However, in a member such as a girder or a beam that may be greatly deformed due to bending, the joining member structure shown in Patent Document 2 may be easily caught by contact with the FRP member. There is also no structure that can reliably prevent a decrease in the strength of the FRP member.

JP-A-6-146405 JP 2000-336777 A

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to facilitate the positioning at the site with a small number of attachment plates, to rationalize the construction, and to maintain sufficiently high rigidity and strength at the joint. It is in providing the joining structure of a FRP member.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the joining structure of FRP members according to the present invention includes joining members made of FRP, joined members made of FRP, and joined members made of a material different from FRP. or a structure that mechanically joined by rivets, the spliced plate is formed in the three-dimensional shape having a contact and two or more surfaces perpendicular to each other surfaces of the workpieces, at least of the spliced plate The one end portion has a structure characterized in that an end surface having an inverse taper shape is formed such that the distance from the surface of the member to be joined increases toward the tip end side of the end portion .

  By forming the attachment plate in a three-dimensional shape as described above, the total number of attachment plates is reduced as compared with the case where only a flat attachment plate is used, and the construction can be rationalized. In addition, by using a three-dimensional attachment plate, it is possible to install a desired bolt or rivet even at a position where a bolt or rivet could not be installed due to the design of the joint, and the degree of freedom in design. Will improve. Further, the three-dimensional attachment plate can increase the rigidity and strength at the joint, and can provide a fail-safe design.

Further, at least one end of the spliced plate, by the distance between the surface of the bonded member As going to the distal end side of the end portion is an end face of the reverse tapered shape formed larger, and a problem in the conventional structure It becomes possible to avoid or relieve the local stress concentration, and to prevent a decrease in strength at the joint.

  The structure having the reverse tapered end face can be applied without being limited to the three-dimensional shaped attachment plate as described above, and thereby a specific action and effect can be obtained. In other words, another FRP member joining structure according to the present invention is such that the members to be joined made of FRP or the members to be joined made of FRP and the members to be joined made of a material different from FRP are joined by an attachment plate and bolts or rivets. A structure for mechanically joining, wherein the splicing plate has at least one end portion and a shape having a reverse tapered end face that increases in distance from the surface of the member to be joined as it goes to the tip end side of the end portion. The structure is characterized by being formed.

  By forming such an end face with an inverse tapered shape at the end of the attachment plate, as described above, the stress concentration at the end of the attachment plate is alleviated, and the base material of the member to be joined starting from the end It is possible to reduce the fracture strength and prevent variations. The reverse tapered end face may be formed on the entire end (edge) of the splicing plate, or may be formed on a part (for example, part on the side close to the surface of the member to be joined).

  In the structure having the reverse tapered end surface, it is preferable that a buffer material made of a material different from that of the bonded member and the attachment plate is interposed between the reverse tapered end surface and the surface of the bonded member. . Thus, by inserting the buffer material between the base material to be joined and the reverse tapered portion, moisture or the like entering the gap can be shut off, and deterioration due to the environment can be prevented. In addition, it is possible to improve the degree of relaxation of stress concentration at the end of the joining plate, which can contribute to prevention of reduction in the base material fracture strength of the joined member. As shown in the test results to be described later, an adhesive may be used for the buffer material so that the buffer material also serves as an adhesive layer between the member to be joined and the attachment plate.

  As the material of the buffer material to be installed in the reverse tapered portion, rubber, urethane-based resin, silicon-based resin, and the like are conceivable, and those having a Young's modulus of 5 GPa or less and capable of following deformation easily are preferable. In the case where adhesive bonding is used in combination for the member to be bonded and the attachment plate, the same adhesive as that used for the bonding may be used.

  The splicing plate in the present invention as described above can be used for joining the main girders as the members to be joined made of FRP, or for joining the main girders as the members to be joined and the transverse girders different from that. It can also be used. Therefore, unlike some of the conventional structures described above, the application form is not limited to joining the main girders.

  The splicing plate in the present invention is particularly suitable for use in joining an H-shaped or I-shaped open cross-section member as a member to be joined. Of course, at least one of them is a box-shaped closed cross-section member. It can also be applied to joining in the case of That is, in the present invention, the form of the member to be joined is not substantially limited.

  In the present invention, a general-purpose steel plate can be adopted as the material of the splicing plate itself, and a stainless steel plate is preferred particularly considering rust prevention.

  As described above, according to the joining structure of the FRP member according to the present invention, since the attachment plate is formed in a predetermined three-dimensional shape, positioning on the site and the like can be facilitated with a small number of attachment plates. It is possible to make the construction work more rational. Further, by using the joining plate having a three-dimensional shape, sufficiently high rigidity and strength can be secured at the joint.

  In addition, by forming an end face with a predetermined reverse taper shape at the end of the joining plate, stress concentration at the end of the joining plate is alleviated, and the base material fracture strength of the joined member starting from the end is reduced. Variation can be prevented, and the strength at the joint can be improved. In particular, by interposing a buffer material between the base material to be joined in this part, moisture entering the gap can be blocked to prevent deterioration due to the environment, and stress concentration can be more effectively mitigated. It can contribute to the prevention of a decrease in material fracture strength.

It is a perspective view of the joining structure of the FRP member concerning one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view (A) and a cross-sectional view (B) of a three-dimensional attachment plate in the joint structure of FIG. 1. It is the perspective view (A) and cross-sectional view (B) of the solid-shaped attachment board which concern on the modification of FIG. The perspective view (A) of the to-be-joined member before joining in the joining structure of the FRP member which concerns on another embodiment of this invention, the perspective view (B) of the joining structure after joining, the perspective view (C) of an attachment board FIG. 6D is a development view (D) of the attachment plate. The perspective view (A) of the to-be-joined member before joining in the joining structure of the FRP member which concerns on another embodiment of this invention, the perspective view (B) of the joining structure after joining, The perspective view (C) ) And a developed view (D) of the attachment plate. It is a comparison characteristic view of the initial peeling load which shows the result of the effect confirmation test by reverse taper shape end face formation. It is a comparative characteristic figure which shows the relationship between the distortion | strain of a splicing board surface in a joint part (0 mm), and a load. It is a comparative characteristic view which shows the relationship between the distortion | strain on the surface of a splicing board in 155 mm (near edge part) from a joint part, and a load.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 show a joining structure of an FRP member according to one embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, it consists of FRP members as members to be joined, and the main girders 1 having an I-shaped or H-shaped cross section are made of flat steel plates (for example, stainless steel plates) arranged above and below the flange portion of the main girders 1. And a plurality of bolts 4 (or a plurality of bolts 4 (or 2), and a plurality of joining plates 3, 3 made of a three-dimensional steel plate (for example, a stainless steel plate) disposed on the side of the web portion of the main girder 1. , Rivets) are mechanically joined. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the three-dimensional attachment plate 3 disposed on the side of the web portion of the main girder 1 is formed, for example, as a member having a U-shaped cross section that is bent. The portion that contacts the surface of the web portion of the main beam 1 and the portion that contacts the inner surface of the flange portion of the main beam 1 are integrally formed, and a necessary number of bolt holes 5 are formed. Yes.

  At both ends of the joining plates 2 and 3 in the longitudinal direction (axial direction) of the main girder 1, the distance from the surface of the main girder 1 as a member to be joined increases as it goes to the front end side in the axial direction of the end. An end surface 6 having a reverse taper shape is formed. Between the reverse tapered end face 6 and the surface of the main girder 1, there is a cushioning material 7 (for example, a cushioning material made of an adhesive) having a triangular cross section made of a material different from that of the member to be joined and the attachment plate. Intervened.

  In the above embodiment, the three-dimensional attachment plate 3 is integrally formed as a whole. However, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, for example, the attachment plate 3 is divided into attachment plate pieces 3a and 3b. It is good also as a structure. By adopting the split configuration, it becomes easy to contact and align each surface of the splicing plate piece with respect to the main girder 1, and the joining work can be further facilitated.

  In the joining structure according to the above embodiment configured as described above, the use of the three-dimensional attachment plate 3 (or 3a, 3b) makes it possible to attach more than the case of using only a flat attachment plate. The total number of the plates can be reduced, and the three-dimensional shape having two or more surfaces that are in contact with the surface of the member 1 to be bonded and orthogonal to each other is formed in advance, thereby facilitating on-site positioning and a short time. Construction is possible, and the construction can be rationalized. Also, even if there are places where it is difficult to install bolts or rivets due to the design of the joints, the attachment of the flange lower surface and the web side surface can be achieved by forming the attachment plate in a predetermined three-dimensional shape in advance. Since the plates are three-dimensionally continuous, the edge side distance of the bolt holes or rivet holes can be secured, and the degree of freedom in design is improved. In addition, since the three-dimensional attachment plate itself can have higher rigidity and strength than the flat plate due to the three-dimensional shape, it is possible to increase the rigidity and strength at the joint after joining, providing a fail-safe design You can also do it.

  In addition, since the end faces 6 of the inversely tapered shape are formed at the end portions of the attachment plate 2 and the attachment plates 3 (or 3a, 3b), local stress concentration which has been a problem in the conventional structure. Can be mitigated, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in strength at the joint. In particular, since a predetermined cushioning material 7 is interposed between the end surface 6 of the reverse taper shape and the surface of the member 1 to be joined, it is possible to block moisture and the like that try to enter the gap, and deterioration due to the environment. Can be prevented. Moreover, since the degree of relaxation of the stress concentration at the end of the joining plate is further improved by the installation of the buffer material 7, it is possible to contribute to the prevention of a decrease in the base material fracture strength of the joined member.

  The joining structure of the FRP member which concerns on this invention can take various forms, and FIG. 4, FIG. 5 has shown the embodiment different from the above-mentioned embodiment. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, it consists of FRP members as members to be joined as shown in FIG. 4 (A), and in joining the main girder 11 and cross girder 12 of I-shaped or H-shaped cross section, FIG. As shown in FIG. B), mechanical joining by bolts 15 (or rivets) is performed using a flat plate-shaped attachment plate 13 and three-dimensional attachment plate pieces 14a and 14b having a divided configuration. . As shown in FIG. 4C, a plurality of bolt holes 16 are formed in the attachment plates 13, 14a, and 14b, and the attachment plates 13 and the attachment plate pieces 14a and 14b are provided at the distal ends. As in the above-described embodiment, an end surface 17 having a reverse taper shape is formed. Between the end face 17 and the surfaces of the main girder 11 and the horizontal girder 12, there is a cushioning material 18 (for example, a cushioning material made of an adhesive) having a triangular cross section made of a material different from the member to be joined and the attachment plate. Intervened. FIG. 4D shows a developed view of each attachment plate 13 and attachment plate pieces 14a and 14b. In this embodiment, the three-dimensional attachment plate pieces 14a and 14b are particularly shown in the developed view. It is formed by bending the material.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, an FRP member or metal member as a member to be joined as shown in FIG. 5A, a cross beam 21 made of a box-shaped closed cross-section member, an FRP member, and an I shape Alternatively, in joining to the main girder 22 having an H-shaped cross section, as shown in FIG. 5 (B), a flat plate-like attachment plate 23 and divided three-dimensional attachment plate pieces 24a and 24b are used. Then, mechanical joining by the bolt 25 (or rivet) is performed. As shown in FIG. 5C, the attachment plate 23 and the attachment plate pieces 24a and 24b are provided with a plurality of bolt holes 26, and each attachment plate 23 and the attachment plate pieces 24a and 24b. An end surface 27 having a reverse taper shape is formed at the tip of the same as in the above-described embodiment. Between this end surface 27 and the surface of the cross beam 21 and the main beam 22, there is a shock absorbing material 28 (for example, a shock absorbing material made of an adhesive) made of a material different from that of the member to be joined and the attachment plate. Intervened. FIG. 5D shows a development view of each attachment plate 23 and attachment plate pieces 24a and 24b. In this embodiment, the three-dimensional attachment plate pieces 24a and 24b are particularly shown in the development view. It is formed by bending the material.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the action and effect of the three-dimensional attachment plate pieces 24 a and 24 b and the end face 27 with a reverse taper shape are the same as those in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. In addition, the action and effect of the formation of the buffer material 28 can be obtained.

  Among these actions and effects, the effect of the end face of the reverse taper shape was verified by a test as follows.

(1) Test conditions Girder: Made of FRP member, joining main girders with I-shaped cross section Joining method: Blind rivet (7 rows, SUS304)
Buffer material: Epoxy resin adhesive (Sea Cadure)
Accession plate: Uses an attachment plate that is three-dimensionally processed by bending the upper and lower flanges of the main girder (thickness: 6 mm, 5 mm, SUS304)

(2) Test method Loading test until breakage was performed on two cases of reverse taper processing at the end of the attachment plate on the upper flange and the end of the attachment plate under the lower flange and those without the taper processing. Primarily, the initial peel strength was compared.

(3) Test results and discussion As a part of the test results, FIGS. 6A and 6B show the results of calculating the initial peel strength in the longitudinal direction of the attachment plate. The initial peel strength is shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B (relationship between the strain and load on the joining plate surface at the seam (0 mm)) and FIGS. 8A and 8B (155 mm from the seam (end). It was defined as a point where the value of the strain gauge installed on the surface of the splicing plate changes suddenly, as shown in FIG. From these figures, it can be confirmed that both the compression side and the tension side increase the initial peeling strength due to the effect of the tapered end face formation. In particular, it can be confirmed that at the end portion on the tensile side where the peel strength was low, it increased by about 40%, and that the initial peel strength was greatly improved even at the joint portion on the tensile side.

  In this test, after the initial peeling of the adhesive layer progressed in both cases, the adhesive layer completely peeled off. Furthermore, the load increases with only the rivets, but the rivet strength is relatively high in the 7th row, and eventually the base material was compressed and fractured. Accordingly, the effect of forming the taper end face is mainly an improvement in the initial peel strength, and the initial peel strength is a design limit value. Therefore, the improvement effect due to the formation of the taper end face is extremely useful in design.

  The joining structure according to the present invention can be applied to any joining form in which at least one of the members to be joined, which is made of an FRP member, is mechanically joined using an attachment plate.

1, 11, 22 Main girders 2, 3, 13 as members to be joined 3a, 3b, 14a, 14b, 24a, 24b Attachment plate pieces 4, 15, 25 Bolts 5, 16, 26 Bolt holes 6, 17, 27 End surface 7, 18, 28 of reverse taper shape Cushioning material 12, 21 Cross beam as member to be joined

Claims (8)

A structure in which members to be joined made of FRP or members to be joined made of FRP and a member to be joined made of a material different from FRP are mechanically joined by an attachment plate and a bolt or a rivet, It is formed in a three-dimensional shape having two or more surfaces that are in contact with the surface of the member to be joined and are orthogonal to each other, and at least one end of the splicing plate and the surface of the member to be joined as it goes to the tip side of the end. An FRP member joining structure, wherein an end surface of an inverse taper shape that increases the distance is formed .   A structure in which members to be joined made of FRP or members to be joined made of FRP and a member to be joined made of a material different from FRP are mechanically joined by an attachment plate and a bolt or a rivet, A joining structure of FRP members, characterized in that at least one end portion is formed in a shape having an end surface with an inverse taper shape that increases in distance from the surface of the member to be joined as it goes to the tip side of the end portion. The FRP member joining structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a buffer material made of a material different from that of the member to be joined and the attachment plate is interposed between the end surface of the reverse tapered shape and the surface of the member to be joined. . The joining structure of the FRP member according to claim 3 , wherein the buffer material also serves as an adhesive layer between the joined member and the attachment plate. The joining structure of the FRP member according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the joining plate is used for joining main girders as members to be joined made of FRP. The joining structure of the FRP member according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the splicing plate is used for joining a main girder and a cross girder as members to be joined. The joining structure of the FRP member according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the attachment plate is used for joining an H-shaped or I-shaped open section member as a member to be joined. It said spliced sheet is made of a steel plate, the bonding structure of the FRP member according to any one of claims 1-7.

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