JP5389859B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof.

  The liquid crystal display device is a flat display device having excellent features such as high definition, thinness, light weight and low power consumption. In recent years, the display performance has been improved, the production capacity has been improved, and the price competitiveness with respect to other display devices has been improved. As a result, the market scale is expanding rapidly.

  A conventional twisted nematic mode (TN mode) liquid crystal display device has a liquid crystal molecule having a positive dielectric anisotropy oriented substantially parallel to the substrate surface, and a liquid crystal display device. Alignment treatment is performed so that the major axis of the molecule is twisted approximately 90 degrees between the upper and lower substrates along the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer. When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules rise in parallel with the electric field, and the twist alignment (twist alignment) is eliminated. The TN mode liquid crystal display device controls the amount of transmitted light by utilizing a change in optical rotation accompanying a change in the orientation of liquid crystal molecules due to a voltage.

  The TN mode liquid crystal display device has a wide production margin and excellent productivity. On the other hand, there is a problem in display performance, particularly in view angle characteristics. Specifically, when the display surface of a TN mode liquid crystal display device is observed from an oblique direction, the contrast ratio of the display is significantly reduced, and a plurality of gradations from black to white are clearly observed when observed from the front. When the image is observed from an oblique direction, the problem is that the luminance difference between gradations becomes extremely unclear. Furthermore, the phenomenon that the gradation characteristics of the display are reversed and a darker portion when observed from the front is observed brighter when observed from an oblique direction (so-called gradation inversion phenomenon) is also a problem.

  In recent years, in-plane switching mode (IPS mode) described in Patent Document 1 and multi-domain vertical aligned mode described in Patent Document 2 are liquid crystal display devices having improved viewing angle characteristics in these TN mode liquid crystal display devices. (MVA mode), an axially symmetric alignment mode (ASM mode) described in Patent Document 3, and a liquid crystal display device described in Patent Document 4 were developed.

  All of these novel mode (wide viewing angle mode) liquid crystal display devices solve the above-mentioned specific problems relating to viewing angle characteristics. That is, when the display surface is observed from an oblique direction, problems such as a significant decrease in display contrast ratio and inversion of display gradation do not occur.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-21907 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-242225 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-186330 JP 2002-55343 A

  However, in the above-described liquid crystal display devices such as the IPS mode and the MVA mode, the gradation voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer must be controlled with higher accuracy than the conventional TN mode liquid crystal display device. This is because in the IPS mode or MVA mode liquid crystal display device, the ratio of the change amount of the display luminance (Y) to the change amount of the applied voltage (V) (α = ΔY / ΔV) is larger than that in the TN mode. caused by.

  Further, while a TN mode liquid crystal display device generally performs display in a normally white mode (hereinafter referred to as NW mode), the above-described IPS mode or MVA mode liquid crystal display device includes a normally black mode (hereinafter referred to as a black mode). This is also related to display in the NB mode.

  Display unevenness in a general display device displaying 256 gradations (γ gradation is the lowest luminance (black) and 255 gradations is the highest luminance (white)) in which the γ characteristic is adjusted to γ = 2.2. The luminance unevenness is most noticeable when 20 to 60 gradations, that is, a halftone (gray) near black is displayed. In the NB mode liquid crystal display device, the ratio (α) of the luminance change amount to the change in the applied voltage in the halftone near black is larger than that in the NW mode liquid crystal display device. The voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer must be controlled with high accuracy.

  Therefore, in an IPS mode or MVA mode liquid crystal display device, it is necessary to improve the processing accuracy of circuit elements such as TFT elements and to improve the performance of drive circuits (including various signal voltage generation circuits), resulting in high manufacturing costs. That was the problem. In other words, when the processing accuracy of the TFT element or the performance of the drive circuit is equivalent, the liquid crystal display device of the IPS mode or the MVA mode has display uniformity (display quality) and display in the observation from the display surface normal line. There is a problem that the resolution is inferior to that of a TN mode liquid crystal display device.

  As described above, the problem of display unevenness due to the large ratio of the change amount of the display luminance to the change amount of the applied voltage (α = ΔY / ΔV) is caused by the IPS mode and the TN mode liquid crystal display device. This is conspicuous in the MVA mode liquid crystal display device, and more prominent in the NB mode liquid crystal display device than in the NW mode liquid crystal display device, but is a problem common to all liquid crystal display devices. If the ratio of the change amount of display luminance to the change amount (α = ΔY / ΔV) can be reduced, the display quality can be improved.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device in which the occurrence of display unevenness is reduced and high-quality display is possible. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that can be driven at a low voltage.

  The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a plurality of pixels each having a liquid crystal capacitance each formed by a liquid crystal layer and a pair of electrodes for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer. An oscillating voltage that oscillates a plurality of times within one vertical scanning time and a predetermined gradation voltage are applied to the liquid crystal capacitance of an arbitrary pixel of the pixels, thereby achieving the above object. Is done.

  The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a plurality of pixels each having a liquid crystal capacitance each formed of a liquid crystal layer and a pair of electrodes for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer, and the plurality of pixels within an arbitrary vertical scanning time. A predetermined gradation voltage is applied to one of the pair of electrodes of an arbitrary pixel, and an oscillating voltage that oscillates a plurality of times within one vertical scanning time is applied to the one or the other of the pair of electrodes. It is characterized by being.

  The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a plurality of pixels each having a liquid crystal capacitance each composed of a liquid crystal layer and a pair of electrodes for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer, and generates a gradation voltage corresponding to a display signal. A regulated voltage generating circuit; a counter voltage generating circuit that generates a counter voltage; and an oscillating voltage generating circuit that generates an oscillating voltage that oscillates a plurality of times within one vertical scanning time. The gradation voltage is applied to one of the pair of electrodes included in any of the pixels, the counter voltage is applied to the other of the pair of electrodes, and the oscillation voltage is applied to the one or the other. It is characterized by being applied.

  In one embodiment, the pair of electrodes included in each of the plurality of liquid crystal capacitors includes a pixel electrode provided for each of the plurality of pixels and a counter electrode to which a common counter voltage is applied to the plurality of pixels. The gradation voltage is applied to the pixel electrode, and the oscillating voltage is applied to the counter electrode.

  In one embodiment, each of the plurality of pixels further includes an auxiliary capacitor, and the liquid crystal capacitor includes a pixel electrode provided for each of the plurality of pixels and a common electrode common to the plurality of pixels. The auxiliary capacitor includes a first electrode electrically connected to the pixel electrode, an insulating layer, and a second electrode facing the first electrode through the insulating layer, and the oscillating voltage is: Applied to the two electrodes.

  In one embodiment, the plurality of pixels are arranged to form a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, and the second electrodes of pixels belonging to any row are electrically connected to each other at an arbitrary vertical scanning time. Connected.

  In one embodiment, the oscillating voltages applied to the second electrodes of pixels belonging to any row are substantially equal.

  In one embodiment, the oscillating voltage includes a first oscillating voltage and a second oscillating voltage different from the first oscillating voltage, and is applied to the second electrode of a pixel belonging to an arbitrary row at an arbitrary vertical scanning time. The oscillating voltage is either the first oscillating voltage or the second oscillating voltage.

  In one embodiment, the first oscillating voltage is applied to the second electrode of a pixel belonging to one of two adjacent rows at an arbitrary vertical scanning time, and the first of the pixels belonging to the other row is selected. The second vibration voltage is applied to the two electrodes.

  In one embodiment, the period of the first oscillating voltage and the second oscillating voltage are both two horizontal scanning times, the amplitudes are equal to each other, and the phases are 180 ° different from each other.

  In one embodiment, the oscillating voltage applied to each second electrode of the plurality of pixels at any vertical scanning time is different for each successive m rows.

  In one embodiment, the period of the oscillating voltage that is different for each successive m rows is m times one horizontal scanning time, and the amplitudes are equal to each other.

  In one embodiment, the oscillating voltages applied to the second electrodes of the plurality of pixels at any vertical scanning time are substantially equal to each other.

  In one embodiment, the period of the oscillating voltage is one horizontal scanning time.

  In one embodiment, the TFT further includes a TFT provided for each of the plurality of pixels, a gate bus line connected to each TFT, and a source bus line, and the second electrode belonging to a pixel in an arbitrary row includes , Each connected to a corresponding gate bus line.

In one embodiment, the plurality of pixels are arranged to form a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns, a TFT provided for each of the plurality of pixels, and a gate bus line connected to each TFT. A source bus line and a plurality of CS bus lines each connecting the second electrodes belonging to the pixels of each row to each other, and an electrically independent CS bus line among the plurality of CS bus lines Is an even number.

  In one embodiment, the voltage waveform of the oscillating voltage has at least three potentials including two potentials that define the maximum amplitude and one potential that matches the average potential.

  In one embodiment, when the auxiliary capacitance is CCS, the minimum value of the liquid crystal capacitance is CLC_min, and the threshold voltage of the electro-optic characteristic of the liquid crystal layer is Vth, the effective value of the oscillation voltage is Vth · {(CCS + CLC_min). / CCS} is 1/10 or more and 1 or less.

  In one embodiment, the effective value of the oscillating voltage is not less than 1/10 and not more than 1 times the electro-optic threshold voltage Vth of the liquid crystal layer.

  In one embodiment, the period of oscillation of the oscillating voltage is an integral multiple of one horizontal scanning time.

  In one embodiment, the period of the oscillating voltage is one horizontal scanning time.

  In one embodiment, the liquid crystal display device performs display in a normally black mode.

  A driving method of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is a driving method of a liquid crystal display device including a plurality of pixels each having a liquid crystal capacitance each composed of a liquid crystal layer and a pair of electrodes that give a potential difference to the liquid crystal layer, Applying an oscillating voltage that oscillates at a cycle shorter than one vertical scanning time to all the liquid crystal capacitors of the plurality of pixels at an arbitrary vertical scanning time; and Applying a gradation voltage corresponding to each of the pixels to each of the liquid crystal capacitors.

  According to the present invention, the ratio of the change amount of the luminance to the change amount of the gradation voltage (the slope of the VY curve) can be reduced by applying the oscillating voltage superimposed on the gradation voltage to the liquid crystal capacitor. Therefore, the occurrence of display unevenness is reduced, and high-quality display is possible. The effect of reducing the ratio of the luminance change amount to the grayscale voltage change amount is large in the region where the grayscale voltage is low, so that the effect of improving the display quality of the NB mode is particularly great. Further, by superimposing the oscillating voltage, the threshold voltage in the electro-optical characteristics can be reduced, so that a low-voltage driven liquid crystal display device can be provided.

It is a figure which shows typically the structure and drive method of the conventional typical liquid crystal display device. It is a figure which shows typically an example of a structure and drive method of the liquid crystal display device 20 of embodiment by this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the structure and drive method of the liquid crystal display device 30 of other embodiment by this invention. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a voltage applied to a liquid crystal layer and a gradation voltage in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. 7 is a graph showing the gradation voltage dependency (V-Y characteristics) of the luminance (Y) of the liquid crystal display device using the value of Vaddrms as a parameter, (a) shows the characteristics of the NB mode liquid crystal display device, and (b) ) Shows the characteristics of a liquid crystal display device in NW mode such as TN mode. (A) to (c) explain that display unevenness can be reduced by reducing the ratio of the change amount of luminance Y to the change amount of gradation voltage (ΔY / Δ (1/2) V_sigpp). (A) is a graph showing the VY characteristic, (b) is a graph showing the relationship between the display gradation N and the display luminance Y, and (c) is a graph showing the display gradation N and It is a graph which shows the relationship with gradation voltage (1/2) V_sigpp. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining that the ratio (ΔY / Y) between the change amount ΔY of luminance Y and the display luminance Y with respect to the change amount of gradation voltage is reduced in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows typically the electrical equivalent circuit of the active matrix type liquid crystal display device 40 of embodiment by this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the drive method of the active matrix type liquid crystal display device of embodiment by this invention, and is a figure which shows typically the waveform of various signals. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the vibration state of VCSBL, and the voltage VCLC applied to the liquid crystal capacitor CLC, and the voltage waveform of the gate bus line, the voltage (type A) of the CS bus line, and the voltage waveform of the liquid crystal capacitor CLC are plural. It is a figure demonstrated over this line. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the vibration state of VCSBL, and the voltage VCLC applied to the liquid crystal capacitance CLC, the voltage waveform of a gate bus line, the voltage (typeB1 and B2) of a CS bus line, and the voltage waveform of a liquid crystal capacitance CLC It is a figure explaining this over several lines. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the vibration state of VCSBL, and the voltage VCLC applied to the liquid crystal capacitor CLC, and the voltage waveform of the gate bus line, the voltage (type C) of the CS bus line, and the voltage waveform of the liquid crystal capacitor CLC are plural. It is a figure demonstrated over this line. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the vibration state of VCSBL, and the voltage VCLC applied to the liquid crystal capacitor CLC, and the voltage waveform of the gate bus line, the voltage (typeAN) of the CS bus line, and the voltage waveform of the liquid crystal capacitor CLC are plural. It is a figure demonstrated over this line. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the vibration state of VCSBL, and the voltage VCLC applied to the liquid crystal capacitance CLC, the voltage waveform of a gate bus line, the voltage (typeBN1 and BN2) of a CS bus line, and the voltage waveform of a liquid crystal capacitance CLC. It is a figure explaining this over several lines. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the vibration state of VCSBL, and the voltage VCLC applied to the liquid crystal capacity | capacitance CLC, and the voltage waveform of a gate bus line, the voltage (typeCN) of CS bus line, and the voltage waveform of liquid crystal capacity CLC are plural. It is a figure demonstrated over this line.

  A liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof according to embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, a conventional method for driving a typical liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1A schematically shows the configuration of one pixel of a typical conventional liquid crystal display device 10. This pixel has a liquid crystal capacitor 10a including a liquid crystal layer 11 and a pair of electrodes (pixel electrode 12 and counter electrode 14) for applying a potential to the liquid crystal layer 11. A predetermined gradation voltage (V_sig) is supplied from the gradation voltage generation circuit 16 to the pixel electrode 12, and a counter voltage is supplied from the counter voltage generation circuit 18 to the counter electrode 14.

In an active matrix liquid crystal display device, each pixel generally has an auxiliary capacitor for holding the voltage of the liquid crystal capacitor 10a and an active element such as a TFT.
It is omitted here. Further, in FIG. 1A, the pixel electrode 12 and the counter electrode 14 are shown to have a parallel plate structure facing each other with the liquid crystal layer 11 interposed therebetween. However, like the above-described IPS mode liquid crystal display device. A comb electrode structure in which the pixel electrode 12 and the counter electrode 14 are formed on the same substrate may be employed.

  FIG. 1B schematically shows the waveform of the gradation voltage V_sig applied to the pixel electrode 12, the waveform of the counter voltage V_com applied to the counter electrode 14, and the waveform of the voltage V_LC applied to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a. It is a figure.

  The gradation voltage V_sig is a rectangular wave having an amplitude (V_sigpp) corresponding to the luminance (gradation) to be displayed and oscillating at a cycle twice the vertical scanning time (frame time Tf in this case). The counter voltage V_com is a DC voltage having a constant value regardless of the display brightness and also with respect to the time axis. The counter voltage V_com is set so that the average value V_LCave of the voltage V_LC applied to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a is 0V. Therefore, the effective value V_LCrms of the voltage V_LC (= V_sig−V_com) applied to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a (the liquid crystal layer 11) is 1/2 of the amplitude V_sigpp of the gradation voltage V_sig, and the cycle thereof is Tf. Becomes a square wave twice as large as Therefore, in the case of a conventional typical liquid crystal display device, the effective value V_LCrms of the voltage V_LC applied to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a is V_sigpp over all gradations from black to white, regardless of the gradation to be displayed. 1/2 of this.

  Note that the voltage V_LC applied to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a is a rectangular wave that oscillates at a cycle twice that of Tf, and the polarity is inverted every Tf, because of the requirement from the viewpoint of the reliability of the liquid crystal display device. In general, the polarity inversion interval (= 1/2 of the inversion period) is set to the vertical scanning time (for example, the frame time (approximately 16.7 ms)).

  In this specification, “vertical scanning time” is defined as the time from when a certain scanning line is selected to when that scanning line is selected next. One vertical scanning time corresponds to one frame time in non-interlaced driving, and corresponds to one field time in interlaced driving. In each vertical scanning time, the difference (time) between the time when a certain scanning line is selected and the time when the next scanning line is selected is called one horizontal scanning time (1H).

  Next, a configuration of the liquid crystal display device 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention and a driving method thereof will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 2A schematically shows the configuration of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device 20. Components that are substantially the same as those shown in FIG. 1A are denoted by common reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted here. The liquid crystal display device 20 is different from the liquid crystal display device 10 shown in FIG. 1A in that it further includes an oscillating voltage generation circuit 17.

  In the liquid crystal display device 20, the vibration voltage Vadd generated by the vibration voltage generation circuit 17 is applied to the pixel electrode 12. Accordingly, a predetermined gradation voltage V_sig is applied to the pixel electrode 12 from the gradation voltage generation circuit 16 and an oscillation voltage Vadd is applied. FIG. 2A shows a configuration in which the output of the oscillating voltage generation circuit 17 is directly input to the pixel electrode 12. However, as will be described later, when an auxiliary capacitor is connected to the pixel electrode 12. Alternatively, the oscillating voltage may be indirectly applied to the pixel electrode 12 through the auxiliary capacitor by applying the oscillating voltage to the electrode constituting the auxiliary capacitor.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the gradation voltage generation circuit 16 and the counter voltage generation circuit 18 output the gradation voltage V_sig and the counter voltage V_com, respectively, similar to those in FIG.

  The oscillating voltage Vadd output from the oscillating voltage generating circuit 17 has a constant amplitude Vaddpp regardless of the display luminance (gradation), the average oscillation voltage Vaddave is 0 V, and oscillates at a cycle twice that of Tadd. Is a square wave. Here, Tadd is set to be shorter than Tf. From the viewpoint of display uniformity, Tadd is preferably a fraction of an integer of Tf, that is, Tadd = Tf / 2, Tf / 3, Tf / 4,... Tf / k (k = natural number), and k> 100 is more preferable.

  As a result of applying the gradation voltage V_sig and the vibration voltage Vadd to the pixel electrode 12 and applying the counter voltage V_com to the counter electrode 14, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a has a vibration amplitude of V_sigpp and a vibration cycle of twice. Is superimposed on a square wave (the same voltage as that of the typical liquid crystal display device 10 shown in FIG. 1) having a vibration value Vaddpp and a Tadd Vadd having a vibration period twice. Voltage.

  Therefore, in the liquid crystal display device 20 of the present embodiment, even when the value of V_sigpp is zero, the effective value of the voltage V_LC applied to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a does not become zero, and is 1/2 (the oscillation voltage amplitude Vaddpp ( That is, Vaddrms).

  Further, as the gradation voltage (1/2) × V_sigpp output from the gradation voltage generation circuit 16 becomes larger than the effective value Vaddrms of the oscillating voltage, the effective value V_LCrms of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a becomes higher. It approaches the value of the regulated voltage (1/2) × V_sigpp. That is, in the region where the value of the gradation voltage ((1/2) × V_sigpp) is small, the amount of change in the effective voltage V_LCrms applied to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a with respect to the change in the value of the gradation voltage is small. This is the essence of the operation of the present invention, which is essentially different from the conventional typical liquid crystal display device.

  Next, the configuration and operation of a liquid crystal display device 30 according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The liquid crystal display device 30 has a configuration in which the output of the oscillating voltage generation circuit 17 is supplied to the counter electrode 14. The voltages output by the gradation voltage generation circuit 16, the oscillation voltage generation circuit 17 and the counter voltage generation circuit 18 are the same as those in FIG. 2B, as shown in FIG.

  In the liquid crystal display device 20, the oscillating voltage Vadd is applied to the pixel electrode 12, whereas in the liquid crystal display device 30, it is applied to the counter electrode 14. Both the pixel electrode 12 and the counter electrode 14 constitute a liquid crystal capacitor 10 a. As shown in FIG. 3B, the waveform of the voltage V_LC applied to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a is substantially the same as that in FIG. 2B, and the configuration of FIG. The essential action of the invention obtained in this case is obtained.

  Next, operations and effects obtained by additionally (superimposingly) applying the vibration voltage Vadd to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 4 is a graph showing the gradation voltage dependence of the voltage V_LCrms applied to the liquid crystal capacitor 10a using the value of Vaddrms as a parameter. The horizontal axis of the graph is the gradation voltage ((1/2) × V_sigpp). The value of Vaddrms was 4 conditions of 0 Vrms <A Vrms <B Vrms <C Vrms. Here, the effective values (Vrms) of A, B, and C were 1.5 Vrms, 2.0 Vrms, and 2.5 Vrms. As described above, the value of V_LCrms is equal to the value of Vaddrms when the gradation voltage (1/2) × V_sigpp is 0V. Further, as the value of the gradation voltage increases, the value of V_LCrms approaches the value of the gradation voltage.

  As can be seen from FIG. 4, as the value of Vaddrms increases, the change amount of V_LCrms with respect to the change amount of the gradation voltage (1/2) × V_sigpp on the low gradation side, that is, on the low voltage side of (1/2) × V_sigpp. Ratio (curve slope), that is, ΔV_LCrms / Δ (1/2) × V_sigpp is small. Compared with the straight line of Vaddrms = 0 Vrms in FIG. 4 corresponding to the conventional liquid crystal display device, it can be seen that the effect of reducing ΔV_LCrms / Δ (1/2) × V_sigpp can be obtained by applying the oscillating voltage Vaddrms. . In addition, it can be seen that the level of this effect is significant when the gradation voltage (1/2) × V_sigpp is on the low voltage side.

  FIGS. 5A and 5B are graphs showing the gradation voltage dependence (V-Y characteristics) of the luminance (Y) of the liquid crystal display device using the value of Vaddrms as a parameter. The horizontal axis of the graph is gradation voltage (1/2) × V_sigpp. FIG. 5A shows the characteristics of an NB mode liquid crystal display device such as an MVA mode and an IPS mode, and FIG. 5B shows the characteristics of an NW mode liquid crystal display device such as a TN mode. This VY characteristic is sometimes referred to as “electro-optical characteristic of the liquid crystal layer”.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 5A and 5B, as the value of Vaddrms increases, the change in luminance Y with respect to the change amount of (1/2) V_sigpp on the smaller side of the gradation voltage (1/2) × V_sigpp The ratio of the quantity (the slope of the curve), that is, ΔY / Δ (1/2) × V_sigpp is small.

  First, referring to FIG. 5A, the threshold voltage Vth in the V-Y characteristic (the voltage at which the luminance starts to increase: about 2.2 V when Vadd = 0 Vrms) decreases as the value of Vaddrms increases. Move to the side. When the value of Vaddrms exceeds the threshold voltage (about 2.2 V) when Vadd = 0 Vrms, the threshold voltage disappears (see the curve of Vadd = C Vrms). Therefore, when Vaddrms exceeds the threshold voltage Vth of the V-Y characteristic when Vadd = 0 Vrms, a sufficiently low luminance (black display) cannot be obtained even if the value of gradation voltage (1/2) × V_sigpp is 0 V. , The contrast ratio of the display is significantly reduced. Of course, by appropriately setting the value of Vaddrms, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the threshold voltage while maintaining a sufficient display contrast ratio. The effective value of Vadd is preferably 1/10 or more and 1 or less times the threshold voltage Vth of the VY characteristic. If it is less than 1/10 of Vth, the effect of applying Vadd is small, and if it exceeds Vth, the contrast ratio decreases.

  FIG. 5B is a VY characteristic when the present invention is applied to the TN mode. It can be seen that as the effective value of Vadd increases, the VY characteristic moves to the low voltage side. That is, it can be seen that according to the present invention, a liquid crystal display device that can be driven at a low voltage can be obtained.

  Next, referring to FIGS. 6A to 6C and FIG. 7, the ratio of the change amount of the luminance Y to the change amount of the gradation voltage ((1/2) × V_sigpp) on the low gradation side ( It will be described that display unevenness is reduced by reducing ΔY / Δ (1/2) × V_sigpp). Note that the effect of reducing display unevenness is significant in the NB mode liquid crystal display device as described above, and therefore, in the following description, the NB mode liquid crystal display device will be described. FIG. 6A is a graph showing VY characteristics in the case of Vadd = B Vrms (present invention) and Vadd = 0 Vrms (conventional) shown in FIG.

  The evaluation of the display unevenness reduction effect is performed when the gradation voltage (1/2) × V_sigpp has a constant change (change amount: ΔV) with respect to the luminance Y in a state where an arbitrary gradation (N) is displayed. The ratio with the amount of change in luminance ΔY was used as an index. The gradation (N) dependence characteristic of the display luminance (Y) of a typical liquid crystal display device is set as shown in FIG.

  When the liquid crystal display device has the VY characteristic shown in FIG. 6A, in order to obtain the gradation dependency of the display luminance in FIG. 6B, as shown in FIG. The gradation voltage is set for.

  Here, if an arbitrary gradation Nn is displayed and the gradation voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor changes by ΔV from the predetermined gradation voltage Vn, the display brightness changes by ΔY. The fluctuation amount ΔV of the gradation voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor is generated due to the accuracy of the gradation voltage generation circuit, the characteristic variation of the TFT element of the liquid crystal display device, or the like, that is, due to the manufacturing variation.

  Further, even if the value of the variation ΔV due to manufacturing variation is the same, the luminance unevenness observed in the liquid crystal display device varies depending on the VY characteristics of the liquid crystal display device. Specifically, as the grayscale voltage (1/2) × V_sigpp display tone dependency of FIG. 6C becomes steep, that is, the luminance (Y) grayscale voltage ((1/2) × V_sigpp). As the dependence becomes milder, the value of ΔY becomes smaller and display unevenness is reduced. As shown in FIG. 6A, the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention has an effect of moderating the gradation voltage dependence characteristic of the display luminance. Can be reduced.

  FIG. 7 shows the gray level (N) dependence of ΔY / Y, which is the above-described display unevenness index, using the magnitude of Vaddrms as a parameter in the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment. FIG. 7 shows a case where the display gradation (N) is set to 256 gradations from 0 to 255 and the gradation voltage variation width ΔV is set to 10 mV. As can be seen from FIG. 7, in the case of Vadd = 0 Vrms corresponding to the case of a conventional typical liquid crystal display device, the ΔY / Y value is maximum in the vicinity of 32 gradations. This result coincides with the result of subjective evaluation when a typical liquid crystal display device is actually observed visually, and it can be confirmed that the ΔY / Y value is effective as an index for evaluating display unevenness.

  According to FIG. 7, as the value of Vadd increases, the value of ΔY / Y decreases, indicating that display unevenness is improved. Specifically, the maximum value of ΔY / Y when Vadd = B Vrms = 2.0 Vrms is improved to about ３ of the value of the conventional liquid crystal display device (Vadd = 0 Vrms).

  As described above, in the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the oscillation voltage (Vadd) and the gradation voltage ((1/2) × V_sigpp) are generated in the liquid crystal capacitance in the state where the display operation is performed. As a result, the dependency of the display luminance on the gradation voltage is improved. The oscillating voltage may be a signal that oscillates a plurality of times within one vertical scanning time. The oscillating voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor may be applied to one of the pair of electrodes (pixel electrode and counter electrode) constituting the liquid crystal capacitor, and may be applied to the pixel electrode or the counter electrode. Also good. In addition, when an oscillating voltage is applied to the pixel electrode, it is not necessary to directly connect the output from the oscillating voltage generating circuit to the pixel electrode. For example, a switching element such as a TFT is provided for each pixel, and the liquid crystal capacitance is electrically connected. In an active matrix liquid crystal display device having a connected auxiliary capacitor, an oscillating voltage may be applied to the electrodes constituting the auxiliary capacitor.

  The configuration and operation of the active matrix type liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

  An electrical equivalent circuit of a typical active matrix liquid crystal display device 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The active matrix liquid crystal display device 40 has a plurality of pixels, each of which is T
It has an FT element (TFT_mn), a liquid crystal capacitor (CLC_mn), and an auxiliary capacitor (CCS_mn). The electrical equivalent circuit of each pixel is substantially the same.

  A pixel having TFT_mn will be described. The gate terminal of the TFT_mn is connected to the gate bus line (scanning line) GBL_m, and the source terminal is connected to the source bus line (signal line) SBL_n. The drain terminal of the TFT_mn is connected to one electrode (pixel electrode PH_mn) constituting the liquid crystal capacitance CLC_mn and one electrode (auxiliary capacitance electrode CSH_mn) constituting the auxiliary capacitance CCS_mn. The other electrode constituting the liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn is connected to ComLC (liquid crystal capacitor counter electrode). The other electrode (auxiliary capacitor counter electrode) constituting the auxiliary capacitor CCS_mn is connected to the CS bus line CSBL_m. The counter electrode ComLC is typically provided in common to all the pixels, and substantially the same voltage can be applied to the liquid crystal capacitor counter electrodes constituting all the liquid crystal capacitors CLC_mn. CSBL_m is typically an electrode common to at least the row direction, and substantially the same voltage can be applied to the auxiliary capacitor counter electrode constituting the auxiliary capacitor CCS_mn belonging to each row of pixels.

  A driving method for applying the oscillating voltage Vadd to each pixel of the active matrix liquid crystal display device 40 of the present embodiment will be described.

  In the liquid crystal display device 40, the vibration voltage Vadd having the vibration amplitude Vaddpp can be applied to each pixel of the liquid crystal display device 40 by applying the vibration voltage to at least one of the CS bus line CSBL_m or ComLC, and the above-described effects can be obtained. . A case where an oscillating voltage is applied to the CS bus line CSBL_m connected to the auxiliary capacitor counter electrode of the auxiliary capacitor CCS_mn will be described.

  In the following description, in order to simplify the description, only one liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn and only one vertical scanning time will be described. That is, in the following description, it will be described that the oscillation voltage Vadd can be superimposed on the voltage VCLC_mn applied to one liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn in one vertical scanning time. Based on this description, a method of superimposing an oscillating voltage on a voltage applied to a liquid crystal capacitor corresponding to a plurality of pixels, a plurality of vertical scanning times, or various inversion driving methods used in a typical liquid crystal device. It is easy to find.

  FIG. 9 schematically shows waveforms of voltages applied to the source bus line SBL_n, gate bus line GBL_m, and CS bus line CSBL_m of the liquid crystal display device 40, and waveforms of voltages applied to the pixel electrodes PH_mn. From the top of FIG. 9, the voltage waveform VSBL_n applied to the source bus line SBL_n, the voltage waveform VCSBL_m applied to the CS bus line CSBL_m, the voltage waveform VGBL_m applied to the gate bus line GBL_m, and the pixel electrode PH_mn are applied. The voltage waveforms VPH_mn are shown in this order. Moreover, what is indicated by broken lines in the waveform of each voltage is a waveform VComLC of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor counter electrode ComLC.

  In the present embodiment, VCSBL_m is set as the vibration voltage (rectangular wave) in order to superimpose the vibration voltage Vadd on the voltage VCLC applied to the liquid crystal capacitor. The vibration amplitude of the vibration voltage VCSBL_m is VCSpp, and the vibration period is shorter than one vertical scanning time.

When VGSL changes from VgL to VgH at time T1, TFT_mn becomes conductive (on state), the voltage VSBLt1 of the source bus line SBL_n is transmitted to the pixel electrode PH_mn, and the liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn and the auxiliary capacitor CCS_mn are charged. . Therefore, the voltage VPH_mn of the pixel electrode PH_mn is
VPH_mn = VSBLt1
It becomes.

Subsequently, at time T2, the voltage of the gate bus line GBL_m changes from VgH to VgL, whereby the TFT_mn is turned off (OFF state), and the liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn and the auxiliary capacitor CCS_mn are electrically connected to the source bus line SBL_n. Insulated. Immediately after this, VPH_mn decreases by the pull-in voltage Vd due to the influence of the parasitic capacitance and the like due to the active matrix structure,
VPH_mn = VSBLt1-Vd
It becomes.

Subsequently, at time T3, the voltage VCSBL_m of the CS bus line CSBL_m connected to the auxiliary capacitor CCS_mn decreases by VCSpp. With the voltage change of VCSBL_m, VPH_mn is
VPH_mn = VSBLt1−Vd−K × VCSpp
However, K = CCS / (CLC + CCS).

Subsequently, at time T4, VCSBL_m increases by VCSpp. With the voltage change of VCSBL_m, VPH_mn is
VPH_mn = VSBLt1-Vd
It becomes.

At time T5, VCSBL_m decreases by VCSpp. With the voltage change of VCSBL_m, VPH_mn is
VPH_mn = VSBL (T1) −Vd−K × VCSpp
It becomes.

Therefore, VPH_mn is VPH_mn = VSBLt1−Vd−K × VCSpp between times T3 and T4.
And between time T4 and T5
VPH_mn = VSBLt1-Vd
It is.

  The voltage change of VPH_mn from time T3 to T5 continues repeatedly until the next pixel is rewritten, that is, until a time equivalent to T1 (a time after one vertical scanning time from T1). Therefore, the vibration voltage (Vadd) can be superimposed on the voltage VPH_mn applied to the pixel electrode PH_mn, and the effect of the present invention can be obtained even in an active matrix liquid crystal display device.

  The oscillation voltage superimposed on the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor will be described.

The amplitude Vaddpp of the oscillation voltage Vadd superimposed on the voltage VPH_mn of the pixel electrode PH_mn is a voltage difference between VPH_mn between the times T3 and T4 and VPH_mn between the times T4 and T5.
Vaddpp = K x VCSpp
It becomes. The amplitude Vaddpp of the oscillation voltage Vadd superimposed on the voltage VPH_mn of the pixel electrode PH_mn is proportional to the amplitude VCSpp of the oscillation voltage VCSBL_m of the CS bus line CSBL_m. The voltage VCLC_mn applied to the liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn is a voltage obtained by subtracting the voltage VComLC of the liquid crystal capacitor counter electrode ComLC from the voltage VPH_mn of the pixel electrode PH_mn.
VCLC_mn = VPH_mn-VComLC
It becomes. In this embodiment, VComLC is set to take a constant voltage value regardless of time (indicated by a broken line in FIG. 9). Therefore, the same vibration voltage as the vibration voltage Vadd superimposed on the pixel electrode voltage VPH_mn is also superimposed on the voltage VCLC_mn applied to the liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn. Therefore, the amplitude Vaddpp of the oscillating voltage Vadd superimposed on VCLC_mn is also
Vaddpp = K x VCSpp
It becomes.

  An average value VCLCave_mn of the voltage VCLC_mn of the liquid crystal capacitance CLC_mn within one vertical scanning time will be described.

In a typical liquid crystal display device, the horizontal scanning time (time from T1 to T3) is sufficiently shorter than the vertical scanning time. In this embodiment, the vibration waveform of VCSBL_m is a rectangular wave having a duty ratio of 1: 1. Considering these points, VPHave_mn is approximately VPHave_mn = VSBLt1−Vd−K × VCSpp / 2
It becomes. VPHave_mn depends on the amplitude VCSpp of the voltage VCSBL_m of the CS bus line CSBL_m.

Now, if VPHave_mn when VCSpp is 0 volt is VPHaveR_mn,
VPHaveR_mn = VSBLt1−Vd
It becomes. If VPHave_mn is rewritten using VPHaveR_mn, VPHave_mn = VPHaveR_mn−K × VCSpp / 2
It becomes.

The second term on the right side of the above equation represents the amount of change when the average value VPHave_mn of the pixel electrode voltage within one vertical scanning time changes depending on VCSpp. If this amount of change is EVPHave_mn,
EVPHave_mn = −K × VCSpp / 2
It becomes.

Therefore, VPHave_mn is VPHave_mn = VPHaveR_mn + EVPHave_mn
However,
VPHaveR_mn = VSBLt1−Vd
EVPHave_mn = −K × VCSpp / 2
Is rewritten.

The voltage VCLC_mn applied to the liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn is a voltage obtained by subtracting the voltage VComLC of the liquid crystal capacitor counter electrode ComLC from the voltage VPH_mn of the pixel electrode PH_mn. As shown by the broken line in FIG. 9, the voltage VComLC of the liquid crystal capacitor counter electrode ComLC has a constant voltage value regardless of time. Therefore, the average value VCLCave_mn of VCLC_mn within one vertical scanning time is VCLCave_mn =
It becomes VSBLt1-Vd-K * VCSpp / 2-VComLC. According to the above relational expression, VCLCave_mn also depends on the amplitude VCSpp of the oscillating voltage VCSBL_m of the CS bus line CSBL_m, similarly to VPHave_mn.

Here, as in the case of the above-mentioned VPHave_mn, if the value of VCCPave_mn when VCSpp is 0 volt is set to VCLCaveR_mn, and the amount of change in the value of VCCLCave_mn that accompanies the change of the value of VCSpp is set to EVCLCave_mn, VCLCave_mn is rewritten.
VCLCave_mn = VCLCaveR_mn + EVCLCave_mn
However,
VCLCaveR_mn = VSBLt1−Vd−VComLC
EVCLCave_mn = −K × VCSpp / 2
It becomes.

  The influence of the change in the timing of the oscillation of the voltage of the gate bus line and the voltage of the CS bus line on the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn within one vertical scanning time will be described.

In FIG. 9, the voltage VCSBL_m of the CS bus line is reduced by VCSpp at time T3 (the time when the voltage of the CS / bus line first changes after the TFT element is turned off). On the other hand, the case where the voltage of the CS bus line increases by VCSpp at time T3 is shown. Based on the description made with reference to FIG. 9, when the voltage of VCSBL_m increases by VCSpp at time T3, VCCLCave_mn, VCCLCave_mn, EVCLCave_mn, and Vaddpp are VCLCave * _mn, VCLCaveR * _mn, and EVCLCave * (If you add “*”)
VCLCave * _mn =
VCLCaveR * _mn + EVCLCave * _mn
VCLCaveR * _mn = VSBLt1-Vd-VComL
EVCLCave * _mn = K × VCSpp / 2
Vaddpp * = K × VCSpp
It becomes.

If VCLCaveR_mn and EVCLCave_mn are compared with VCLCaveR * _mn and EVCLCave * _mn,
VCLCaveR_mn = VCLCaveR * _mn
EVCLCave_mn ≠ EVCLCave * _mn
It is.
However,
VCLCave_mn ≠ VCLCave * _mn
It becomes.

  Therefore, the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn within one vertical scanning time varies depending on the change state of the CS bus line voltage VCSBL_m at time T3.

  The influence of the change in the timing of oscillation of the voltage of the gate bus line and the voltage of the CS bus line on the amplitude value of the oscillation voltage superimposed on the liquid crystal capacitance will be described.

If Vaddpp and Vaddpp * are compared,
Vaddpp = Vaddpp *
The amplitude of the oscillating voltage superimposed on the liquid crystal capacitance takes the same value regardless of the state of change of the CS bus line voltage VCSBL_m at time T3.

In summary, the driving method described in FIGS. 8 and 9, specifically, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor in the active matrix driving using the TFT element is obtained by using the voltage of the CS bus line as the oscillation voltage. Vibration voltage can be superimposed. Further, as the oscillating voltage is superimposed, the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitance changes within the vertical scanning time. Further, the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitance within the vertical scanning time varies depending on the timing of oscillation of the voltage of the gate bus line and the voltage of the CS bus line.

  In the above description, in order to simplify the description, one liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn has been described only for one vertical scanning time. That is, the oscillation voltage Vadd is superimposed on one liquid crystal capacitor CLC_mn in one vertical scanning time, and the average value VCLCave_mn of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitance CLC_mn in one vertical scanning time changes in accordance with the superposition of the oscillation voltage Vadd. It was a fundamental explanation about the matter. Based on this description, a method of superimposing an oscillating voltage on a voltage applied to a liquid crystal capacitor corresponding to a plurality of pixels, a plurality of vertical scanning times, or various inversion driving methods used in a typical liquid crystal device. It is easy to find. In this case, it should be noted that the amplitude of the oscillation voltage (Vaddpp) superimposed within a plurality of pixels or a plurality of vertical scanning times, and the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitance within the vertical scanning time. (VCLCave) is the same. This is because if these values are different for each pixel or for each vertical scanning time, a luminance difference (luminance unevenness or flicker) corresponding to that value occurs.

  Based on the above-described principle description, in order to make Vaddpp the same, the amplitude of the oscillation of the source bus line voltage should be constant for each pixel and every vertical scanning time.

  In order to make VCLCave the same for each pixel and every vertical scanning time, it is necessary to pay attention to the timing of oscillation of the voltage of the gate bus line and the voltage of the CS bus line in addition to keeping VCSpp constant. As shown in FIG. 9, when the voltage of the CS bus line is vibrated with a rectangular wave, the change direction of the voltage of the CS bus line is unified at time T3 in FIG. 9 for each pixel and every vertical scanning time, and the value of EVCLCave_mn is obtained. Must be constant. In an active matrix liquid crystal display device that scans writing pixels in a line using a gate bus line, it is necessary to satisfy a certain rule in the horizontal scanning time and the oscillation cycle of the voltage of the CS bus line in order to satisfy the above condition. is there.

  A rule regarding the horizontal scanning time and the oscillation cycle of the voltage of the CS bus line will be described.

  10 to 12 are schematic diagrams for explaining the relationship between the vibration state of the VCSBL and the voltage VCLC applied to the liquid crystal capacitor CLC.

  The upper part of each figure shows the waveform of the voltage VGBL of the gate bus line GBL for each row from the m-th row to the (m + 7) -th row. The middle stage shows the waveform of the voltage VCSBL of the CS bus line. In the lower stage, the waveform of the voltage VCLC of the liquid crystal capacitance CLC for each row corresponding to each of the upper gate bus lines is schematically shown. Further, the value of EVVCLC is shown on the right side of the waveform of VCLC, and the value of Vaddpp is shown on the right side.

  In FIG. 10, the same oscillating voltage VCSBLtypeA is applied to the CS bus lines of all rows. For example, VCSBL type A is applied to the CS bus lines corresponding to the gate bus lines GBL_m, GBL_m + 1, GBL_m + 2, GBL_m + 3, GBL_m + 4, GBL_m + 5, and GBL_m + 6.

  The period of vibration of VCSBLtype A is twice (2H) the horizontal scanning time, and the amplitude of vibration is VCSpp. Based on the description of FIG. 9, it is desirable that the phase of the voltage waveform of VCSBLtypeA is set so that an arbitrary VGBL waveform changes from VgH to VgL in a flat portion of the waveform of VCSBLtypeA. In FIG. 10, in consideration of waveform disturbance due to manufacturing problems, the time at which the VGBL waveform changes from VgH to VgL is set to the intermediate time between the rise time of the VCSBL type A waveform and the fall time immediately thereafter, or the rise time. It is set to coincide with the intermediate time between the descending time and the rising time immediately thereafter.

  In FIG. 10, the voltage of VCSBLtypeA at the time T3 described with reference to FIG. 9 in even rows (m rows, m + 2 rows, m + 4 rows, m + 6 rows) and odd rows (m + 1 rows, m + 3 rows, m + 5 rows, m + 7 rows). The direction of change (increase or decrease) is different. Accordingly, the VCLC waveform is different between even-numbered rows and odd-numbered rows.

  Specifically, in the voltage waveform of the VCLC in the even-numbered row, the voltage drops by K × VCSpp at a time equivalent to T3, and thereafter the voltage oscillates by K × VCSpp every horizontal scanning time. On the other hand, in the odd-numbered row, the voltage increases by K × VCSpp at a time equivalent to T3, and then the voltage oscillates by K × VCSpp every horizontal scanning time.

  Accordingly, the value of EVCLC is “−K × VCSpp / 2” in the even-numbered rows, whereas the value of EVCLC is “+ K × VCSpp / 2” in the odd-numbered rows, and the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitance ( Different rows of VCLCave) are mixed.

  That is, when the driving method shown in FIG. 10 is used, for example, even if an attempt is made to display uniform luminance on the entire display surface, there arises a problem that the luminance differs between even rows and odd rows.

  The above problem can be solved by using the driving method of FIG.

  In the driving method of FIG. 11, two types of CS bus line voltages VCSBLtypeB1 and VCSBLtypeB2 are used, and the CS bus lines are sequentially switched and connected for each row. That is, the voltage of the even-numbered CS bus lines (for example, the CS bus lines corresponding to the gate bus lines VGBL_m, VGBL_m + 2, VGBL_m + 4, and VGBL_m + 6) is VCSBLtypeB1, and the odd-numbered CS bus lines (for example, the gate bus lines VGBL_m + 1, VGBL_m + 3, VGBL_m + 5, VGBL_m + 5, The voltage of the CS bus line corresponding to VGBL_m + 7 is assumed to be VCSBLtypeB2.

  The period of oscillation of the two types of CS bus line voltages VCSBLtypeB1 and VCSBLtypeB2 are both twice (2H) the horizontal scanning time. Further, the vibration of VCSBL type B2 is delayed by the horizontal scanning time (1H) from the vibration of VCSBL type B1. That is, the vibration phase difference between VCSBL type B1 and VCSBL type B2 is 1H. The phase of the waveform of the gate bus line voltage and the oscillation waveform of the voltage of each CS bus line is the same as in FIG. 10, and the time when the gate bus line voltage changes from VgH to VgL and the oscillation waveform of the voltage of the corresponding CS bus line. The time of the flat portion (preferably, the time at the center of the flat portion) is set to coincide.

  The amplitudes of the vibrations of the two types of CS bus line voltages VCSBLtypeB1 and VCSBLtypeB2 are the same value VCSpp.

  In the driving method of FIG. 11 in which the voltage of the CS bus line is set as described above, the voltage of the corresponding CS bus line is decreased by VCSpp at the time corresponding to the time T3 of each row. Therefore, the value of EVCLC is the same value “−K × VCSpp / 2” in all rows. Here, the values of K and VCSpp are set to be constant values in all rows.

Therefore, the problem that the value of EVCLC is different for each row as in the driving method described with reference to FIG. 10 does not occur.

  Further, in the driving method of FIG. 11, the value of Vaddpp is the same for all rows.

  Therefore, in the case of the driving method shown in FIG. 11, it is possible to apply an oscillating voltage to the liquid crystal capacitance while solving the problem caused by the driving method described with reference to FIG. 10, and the effects of the present invention can be obtained. .

  The driving method shown in FIG. 12 can obtain the effects of the present invention while avoiding the problems in the driving method described with reference to FIG. 10, similarly to the driving method shown in FIG. 11.

  In the driving method shown in FIG. 11, two different types of vibration voltages VCSBLtypeB1 and VCSBLtypeB2 are used as voltages on the CS bus line. On the other hand, in the driving method shown in FIG. 12, the effect of the present invention is obtained by using one kind of oscillating voltage VCSBLtypeC.

  In the driving method of FIG. 12, the same CS bus line voltage VCSBLtypeC is applied to all CS bus lines.

  The oscillation cycle of the CS bus line voltage VCSBLtypeC is a horizontal scanning time (1H). The phase of the waveform of the gate bus line voltage and the oscillation waveform of the voltage of the CS bus line is the time when each gate bus line voltage changes from VgH to VgL and the time of the flat part of the oscillation waveform of the voltage of the CS bus line (preferably , The time at the center of the flat portion) is set to coincide.

  The amplitude of oscillation of the CS bus line voltage VCSBLtypeC is VCSpp.

  In the driving method shown in FIG. 12, the voltage of the CS bus line is increased by VCSpp at the time corresponding to time T3 in all rows. Therefore, the value of EVCLC is the same value “+ K × VCSpp / 2” in all rows, and Vaddpp is also the same value “K × VCSpp”.

  Therefore, in the driving method shown in FIG. 12, the effect of the present invention can be obtained without causing the problem that occurs when the driving method described in FIG. 10 is used, similarly to the driving method described in FIG.

  In the driving method of FIG. 12, the same CS bus line voltage VCSBLtypeC is used for all CS bus lines. That is, there is only one type of vibration voltage applied to the CS bus line. Therefore, instead of applying the oscillating voltage to the CS bus line, a liquid crystal capacitor counter electrode may be applied. That is, when the driving method of FIG. 12 is used, the effect of the present invention can also be obtained by superimposing a vibration voltage similar to that of VCSBLtypeC on the voltage VCOMLC of the liquid crystal capacitor counter electrode ComLC.

  Attention is paid to the sign of EVCLCave. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the sign of EVCLCave is minus (−), and in the embodiment of FIG. 12, the sign of EVCLCave is plus (+). That is, in the present invention, plus or minus can be appropriately selected as the sign of EVCLCave. However, a positive sign is preferable for EVCLCave. This is because there is an effect of canceling the influence of Vd shown in FIG.

  The driving method capable of obtaining the effects of the present invention in the active matrix liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 8 is not limited to the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 or FIG.

  The number of electrically independent CS bus lines and the oscillation cycle of the oscillation voltage of the CS bus line will be described.

  In the driving method described with reference to FIG. 12, there is one type of electrically independent CS bus line, and the period of oscillation of the CS bus line voltage is equal to the horizontal scanning time (1H). In the driving method described with reference to FIG. 11, there are two types of electrically independent CS bus lines, and the period of oscillation of the CS bus line voltage is equal to twice the horizontal scanning time (2H).

  The relationship between the number of electrically independent CS bus lines and the period of oscillation of the CS bus line voltage can be further expanded. Three types of electrically independent CS bus lines may be used, and the period of oscillation of the CS bus line voltage may be three times the horizontal scanning time (3H), and four types of electrically independent CS bus lines may be used. The period of oscillation of the CS bus line voltage may be four times the horizontal scanning time (4H). To further generalize, the number of electrically independent CS bus lines is N, and the CS bus The period of oscillation of the line voltage may be N times (NH) of the horizontal scanning time.

  At this time, it is necessary to arrange a plurality of electrically independent CS bus lines according to the following rules. In the liquid crystal display device in which the CS bus lines are sequentially arranged from the top row of the liquid crystal display device as CSBL_1, CSBL_2, CSBL_3, CSBL_4, CSBL_5,..., CSBL_m, for example, three types of CS bus line voltages VCSBLtypeD1, VCSBLtypeD2, and VCSBLtypeD3 are arranged. In this case, the CS bus line voltages of CSBL_1, CSBL_4, CSBL_7,... Are set to VCSBL type D1, the CS bus line voltages of CSBL_2, CSBL_5, CSBL_8,... Are set to VCSBL type D2, and CSBL_3, CSBL_6, CSBL_9,. The CS bus line voltage needs to be VCSBLtypeD3. That is, the electrically independent CS bus lines are a combination of CSBL_1, CSBL_4, CSBL_7,..., CSBL_2, CSBL_5, CSBL_8,..., And CSBL_3, CSBL_6, CSBL_9,. It needs to be a kind.

  Further, for example, when four types of CS bus line voltages VCSBL type E1, VCSBL type E2, VCSBL type E3, VCSBL type E4 are arranged, the CS bus line voltages of CSBL_1, CSBL_5, CSBL_9,... Are set to VCSBL type E1, CSBL_2, CSBL_6, CSBL10,. , The CS bus line voltage of CSBL_3, CSBL_7, CSBL_11,... Is set to VCSBL type E3, and the CS bus line voltages of CSBL_4, CSBL_8, CSBL_12,... Are set to VCSBL type E4. That is, the electrically independent CS bus lines are a set of CSBL_1, CSBL_5, CSBL_9,..., A set of CSBL_2, CSBL_6, CSBL_10,..., A set of CSBL_3, CSBL_7, CSBL_11,. There are four types of sets of CSBL_4, CSBL_8, CSBL_12,.

  Further, for example, when N types of CS bus line voltages VCSBLtypeF1, VCSBLtypeF2, VCSBLtypeF3,..., VCSBLtypeFN are arranged, the CSBL_1, CSBL_N + 1, CSBL_2N + 1,... The CS bus line voltage of VCSBLtypeF2 is the CS bus line voltage of CSBL_3, CSBL_N + 3, CSBL_2N + 3,..., And the VCS bus line voltage of CSBL_N, CSBL_2N, CSBL_3N,. It must be VCSBLtypeFN. That is, the electrically independent CS bus lines are a combination of CSBL_1, CSBL_N + 1, CSBL_2N + 1,..., A CSBL_2, CSBL_N + 2, CSBL_2N + 2,..., A CSBL_3, CSBL_N + 3, CSBL_2N + 3,. .., CSBL_N, CSBL_2N, CSBL_3N,...

  When the above-mentioned multiple CS bus line voltages are used, the following conditions must be satisfied for the phase of each CS bus line voltage. The following conditions are provided to make the changing direction of the CS bus line voltage coincident at the time T3 described in FIG. 9 in all rows in each driving method.

  When the three types of CS bus line voltages VCSBLtypeD1, VCSBLtypeD2, and VCSBLtypeD3 are used, the phases of VCSBLtypeD2 and VCSBLtypeD3 are respectively delayed by 2 times the horizontal scanning time (1H) and horizontal scanning time (2H). is there.

  When the four types of CS bus line voltages VCSBLtypeE1, VCSBLtypeE2, VCSBLtypeE3, and VCSBLtypeE4 are used, VCSBLtypeE2 is a horizontal scan time of 2 times horizontal time of VCSBLtypeE2, VCSBLtypeE3, and VCSBLtypeE4. ), It is necessary to delay the horizontal scanning time by 3 times (3H).

  When the N types of CS bus line voltages VCSBL type F1, VCSBL type F2, VCSBL type F3,..., VCSBL type FN are used, VCSBL type F2, VCSBL type F3, horizontal scanning time of VCSBL type F1, VCSBL type H3,. It is necessary to delay the horizontal scanning time by 2 times (2H),... (N-1) times the horizontal scanning time ((N-1) H).

  Even in the case of the above-described driving method, the voltage of the gate bus line corresponding to the center time of the flat portion of the oscillation voltage of each CS bus line changes from VgH to VgL for the same reason as described in FIGS. It is preferable to match the time to do.

  From the above description, by increasing the number of types of electrically independent CS bus lines, the period of the oscillating voltage applied to the CS bus line can be lengthened, and the oscillating voltage generating circuit can be easily manufactured. it can. On the other hand, increasing the number of types of electrically independent CS bus lines makes it difficult to manufacture a liquid crystal display panel. Therefore, the number of types of electrically independent CS bus lines may be set as appropriate in consideration of these points.

  The driving method capable of obtaining the effects of the present invention is not limited to the above-described driving method. In the above description, the voltage applied to the CS bus line is a rectangular wave.

  The advantage of using a rectangular wave for the CS bus line voltage is that the change in EVCLCave when the gate bus line voltage or the phase of the CS bus line voltage fluctuates due to manufacturing reasons or the like can be minimized. The description of the EVCLCave is given for a rectangular wave for the sake of simplicity, and the case is classified according to the change state (voltage increase or decrease) of the CS bus line voltage at the time T3. In this case, EVCLCave depends on the constant K determined by the capacitance value CLC or CCS of the liquid crystal capacitance and the auxiliary capacitance, and the amplitude VCSpp of the oscillation of the CS bus line voltage. However, in general, the value of EVCLCave depends on the values of K and VCSpp, and CS at the moment when the gate bus line voltage becomes VgL and the TFT element is turned off (corresponding to time T2 in FIG. 9). It also depends on the voltage difference between the bus line voltage and the average voltage within one vertical scanning time of the same voltage. That is, in order to make the value of EVCLCave constant, it is desirable to make the voltage of the corresponding CS bus line constant at the moment when the TFT element is turned off (corresponding to time T2 in FIG. 9). This is why the value of EVCLCave differs depending on the change state (voltage increase or decrease) of the CS bus line voltage in the description of EVCLCave described above. In order to minimize the change in the EVCLCave with respect to the change in the phase of the gate bus line voltage or the CS bus line voltage due to manufacturing reasons, the change in the CS bus line voltage near the time T2 is reduced. Is desirable. In the case of using a rectangular wave, the time T2 and the flat portion of the waveform are matched to minimize the change in the EVCLCave when the phase of the gate bus line voltage or CS bus line voltage fluctuates due to manufacturing reasons. Can be

  Next, a liquid crystal display device and a driving method thereof according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In this embodiment, the voltage waveform of the oscillating voltage applied to the CS bus line includes at least three potentials, and these three or more potentials have the maximum amplitude of the oscillating voltage (Vaddpp in the driving method of the above embodiment). 2 potentials defining the equivalent) and one potential corresponding to the average potential of the oscillating voltage. Here, the “average potential of the oscillating voltage” means an effective average value of the oscillating voltage, not a simple average value of the two potentials that define the maximum amplitude of the oscillating voltage. That is, in the waveform of the oscillating voltage, the area of the portion higher than the average potential and the area of the lower portion are equal to each other in one cycle. In addition, since the oscillating voltage exemplified below has a symmetrical waveform with respect to the center line between two potentials defining the maximum amplitude, a simple average of the two potentials defining the maximum amplitude of the oscillating voltage. The value is consistent with the effective average value of the oscillating voltage.

  Also, the TFT element connected to the pixel connected to the CS bus line to which the oscillating voltage is supplied is turned off during the time (flat portion) where the oscillating voltage exhibits a potential that matches the average potential of the oscillating voltage waveform. It is trying to be in a state. In the example shown below, the moment when the gate bus line voltage becomes VgL and the TFT element is turned off (corresponding to time T2 in FIG. 9) is in the middle of the time when the average potential of the oscillating voltage is exhibited. is there. Here, an example in which the vibration voltage waveform is composed of the three potentials is shown. However, as long as the three potentials are included, the vibration voltage waveform has potentials of 5 potentials, 7 potentials, 9 potentials, and so on. Also good.

  According to this embodiment, it is possible to superimpose an oscillating voltage on the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor without changing the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor. That is, a constant Vaddpp can be obtained while keeping the value of EVCLCave at zero. As a result, the reliability can be improved as compared with the case where the driving method described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12 is used. The reason will be described next.

  In general, the electrical load composed of the parasitic capacitance and bus line resistance of the CS bus line varies depending on the position in the display screen of the liquid crystal display device. Since the effective waveform of the oscillating voltage applied to the CS bus line is dull due to the influence of the electrical load, the amplitude (effective amplitude) varies depending on the position in the display screen. Therefore, in the liquid crystal display device of the previous embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitance depends on the amplitude (effective amplitude) of the oscillating voltage applied to the CS bus line. In this case, the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitor changes depending on the position in the display screen. In this case, the DC component of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer cannot be made zero everywhere in the display surface. Specifically, the counter voltage cannot be adjusted to the optimum value everywhere in the display surface. Problems arise. When a liquid crystal display device in which the direct current component of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer is not adjusted to zero is used for a long time, the liquid crystal material or the material of the alignment film constituting the liquid crystal display device is damaged and the liquid crystal display The display quality of the device will deteriorate. On the other hand, in the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment, the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitance does not depend on the amplitude (effective amplitude) of the oscillating voltage applied to the CS bus line. The above-described problems related to the reliability of the liquid crystal display device do not occur.

  On the other hand, according to the above description, the oscillating voltage component superimposed on the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer, that is, Vaddpp also changes depending on the position in the display screen of the liquid crystal display device. However, even if the vibration voltage component varies depending on the position of the display screen, the influence on the display quality is not great. The reason will be described below.

  The oscillating voltage component superimposed on the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer, that is, Vaddpp, contributes to the improvement of the gradation voltage dependence characteristic of the luminance shown in FIG. 5, and the amount (size) of the oscillating voltage component is When it changes depending on the position in the display screen of the liquid crystal display device, the degree of improvement only changes depending on the position in the display screen accordingly. That is, as described above, the reliability of the liquid crystal display device is not affected. Furthermore, since the above-mentioned improvement depending on the position in the display screen depends on the change in the electrical load of the CS bus line, it becomes a gradation-like gradual and continuous change. The change is difficult to see. That is, the display quality problem is extremely small.

  Next, this embodiment corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 will be described.

  In the present embodiment, the vibration voltages VCSBLtypeA, VCSBLtypeB1, VCSBLtypeB2, and VCSBLtypeC applied to the CS bus lines shown in the embodiments of FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 are respectively used as the vibration voltages VCSBLtypeAN and VCSBLtypeBN1. , VCSBLtypeBN2, VCSBLtypeCN. FIGS. 13, 14, and 15 show diagrams in this embodiment corresponding to FIGS. 10, 11, and 12 in the above-described embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 13 to 15, the voltage waveform of the oscillating voltage applied to the CS bus line has two potentials that define the maximum amplitude (Vaddpp) of the oscillating voltage and one that matches the average potential of the oscillating voltage. Contains a potential. The TFT connected to the pixel connected to the CS bus line to which the oscillating voltage is supplied is exactly at the center of the time (flat part) in which the oscillating voltage exhibits a potential that matches the average potential of the oscillating voltage waveform. The element is turned off.

  As shown in FIGS. 13, 14, and 15, it is shown that EVCLCave = 0 and Vaddpp = K × VCSpp in all the drawings. That is, the vibration voltage can be superimposed on the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitance without changing the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitance.

  In particular, according to FIG. 13 showing the present embodiment corresponding to FIG. 10, the problem that the average value of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal capacitance is different for each odd-numbered row and even-numbered row, which is a problem in FIG. It turns out that the problem of being different is solved.

  Also in the present embodiment, the same description as that of the above-described embodiment holds true for the relationship between the number of electrically independent CS bus lines and the vibration period thereof. That is, if the number of electrically independent CS bus lines is N, the horizontal scanning time of the CS bus line can be N times.

  At this time, the number of electrically independent CS bus lines is an even number, and the oscillation voltage waveform of an arbitrary CS bus line is the opposite direction and the same amount of change when paying attention to the voltage change at that arbitrary time. It is desirable to have a CS bus line that changes voltage. The number of CS bus lines to which these two voltage waveforms are applied is preferably the same. That is, as shown in FIG. 14 of the present embodiment, it is desirable that an oscillating voltage having a phase opposite to that of the oscillating voltage of an arbitrary CS bus line (the phase differs by 180 degrees) exists. Of course, in the above-described embodiment, the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 is desirable. The reason is as follows.

  In general, the counter electrode of a liquid crystal display device has a finite electrical resistance and is connected to a potential reference (for example, the counter electrode potential). Therefore, when an oscillating voltage is applied to the CS bus line, the counter electrode is linked to the oscillating voltage. The potential of the electrode also varies. Therefore, the vibration voltage of the CS bus line cannot be efficiently transmitted to the liquid crystal capacitor or the auxiliary capacitor (it is also consumed to vibrate the potential of the counter electrode). On the other hand, when there is an oscillating voltage of the CS bus line and an oscillating voltage having a phase opposite to that (with a phase difference of 180 degrees), fluctuations in the potential of the counter electrode are suppressed. The capacity or auxiliary capacity can be transmitted efficiently.

  In all of the embodiments described above, a rectangular wave is used for the CS bus line voltage. The advantages described above can be obtained by using a rectangular wave, but there are also the following problems.

  The problem with using a rectangular wave for the CS bus line voltage is that a large amount of current flows instantaneously through the CS bus line. In general, the value of a current that flows when an oscillating voltage is applied to a capacitance is proportional to the time derivative of the voltage. In the rectangular wave, when the voltage changes (for example, times T4 and T5 in FIG. 9), the value of the time differentiation of the voltage is very large (infinite in the ideal rectangular wave), so that the enormous amount is generated at that moment. Current flows. In order to avoid this problem, it is preferable to use a waveform (for example, a sine wave) having a small time derivative of the voltage change. However, when using an oscillating voltage having three or more potentials as illustrated in FIGS. 13 to 15, it is preferable that at least a potential that matches the average value of the oscillating voltage is maintained for a certain period of time (having a flat portion). .

  If the waveform of the CS bus line voltage is set appropriately (for example, a rectangular wave with a rounded waveform (rectangular wave that has passed through a low-pass filter) or a sine wave) in consideration of the advantages or problems of using the rectangular wave described above. Good.

  In the above description, an example in which a predetermined gradation voltage is directly applied to the pixel electrode has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, in order to improve the response speed of the liquid crystal layer, overshooting is performed together with the gradation voltage. The effect of the present invention can be obtained even when the above voltage is applied.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device capable of reducing the occurrence of display unevenness and displaying high quality. In addition, since the threshold voltage in electro-optical characteristics can be reduced, a low-voltage driven liquid crystal display device can be provided.

10, 20, 30, 40 Liquid crystal display device 10a Liquid crystal capacity 11 Liquid crystal layer 12 Pixel electrode 14 Counter electrode 16 Gradation voltage 17 Oscillation voltage 18 Counter voltage

Claims (11)

Each includes a plurality of pixels having a liquid crystal capacitor and an auxiliary capacitor,
In a state where the display operation is performed, an oscillating voltage that oscillates a plurality of times within one vertical scanning time and a predetermined gradation voltage are applied to the liquid crystal capacitance of an arbitrary pixel among the plurality of pixels. A liquid crystal display device,
The liquid crystal capacitor includes a pixel electrode provided for each of the plurality of pixels, and a common electrode common to the plurality of pixels,
The auxiliary capacitor includes a first electrode electrically connected to the pixel electrode, an insulating layer, and a second electrode facing the first electrode through the insulating layer,
The plurality of pixels are arranged to form a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns,
A TFT provided for each of the plurality of pixels, a gate bus line connected to each TFT, a source bus line,
Each having a plurality of CS bus lines connecting the second electrodes belonging to the pixels of each row to each other;
The counter voltage applied to the counter electrode is a DC voltage,
The oscillating voltage is applied to the second electrode via any of the plurality of CS bus lines, and the oscillating voltage applied to the second electrode of a pixel belonging to any row is substantially equal,
The oscillating voltage includes a first oscillating voltage and a second oscillating voltage different from the first oscillating voltage;
At an arbitrary vertical scanning time, the first oscillating voltage is applied to the second electrode of the pixel belonging to one of the two adjacent rows, and the second electrode of the pixel belonging to the other row is applied to the second electrode. A liquid crystal display device to which two vibration voltages are applied. Each includes a plurality of pixels having a liquid crystal capacitor and an auxiliary capacitor,
In a state where the display operation is performed, an oscillating voltage that oscillates a plurality of times within one vertical scanning time and a predetermined gradation voltage are applied to the liquid crystal capacitance of an arbitrary pixel among the plurality of pixels. A liquid crystal display device,
The liquid crystal capacitor includes a pixel electrode provided for each of the plurality of pixels, and a common electrode common to the plurality of pixels,
The auxiliary capacitor includes a first electrode electrically connected to the pixel electrode, an insulating layer, and a second electrode facing the first electrode through the insulating layer,
The plurality of pixels are arranged to form a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns,
A TFT provided for each of the plurality of pixels, a gate bus line connected to each TFT, a source bus line,
Each having a plurality of CS bus lines connecting the second electrodes belonging to the pixels of each row to each other;
The oscillating voltage is applied to the second electrode via any of the plurality of CS bus lines, and the oscillating voltage applied to the second electrode of a pixel belonging to any row is substantially equal,
The oscillating voltage includes a first oscillating voltage and a second oscillating voltage different from the first oscillating voltage;
The average amplitude of the first oscillating voltage and the average amplitude of the second oscillating voltage are both 0.
At an arbitrary vertical scanning time, the first oscillating voltage is applied to the second electrode of the pixel belonging to one of the two adjacent rows, and the second electrode of the pixel belonging to the other row is applied to the second electrode. A liquid crystal display device to which two vibration voltages are applied. Each includes a plurality of pixels having a liquid crystal capacitor and an auxiliary capacitor,
In a state where the display operation is performed, an oscillating voltage that oscillates a plurality of times within one vertical scanning time and a predetermined gradation voltage are applied to the liquid crystal capacitance of an arbitrary pixel among the plurality of pixels. A liquid crystal display device,
The liquid crystal capacitor includes a pixel electrode provided for each of the plurality of pixels, and a common electrode common to the plurality of pixels,
The auxiliary capacitor includes a first electrode electrically connected to the pixel electrode, an insulating layer, and a second electrode facing the first electrode through the insulating layer,
The plurality of pixels are arranged to form a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns,
A TFT provided for each of the plurality of pixels, a gate bus line connected to each TFT, a source bus line,
Each having a plurality of CS bus lines connecting the second electrodes belonging to the pixels of each row to each other;
The oscillating voltage is applied to the second electrode via any of the plurality of CS bus lines, and the oscillating voltage applied to the second electrode of a pixel belonging to any row is substantially equal,
The oscillating voltage includes a first oscillating voltage and a second oscillating voltage different from the first oscillating voltage;
The first oscillating voltage and the second oscillating voltage are 180 degrees out of phase with each other,
At an arbitrary vertical scanning time, the first oscillating voltage is applied to the second electrode of the pixel belonging to one of the two adjacent rows, and the second electrode of the pixel belonging to the other row is applied to the second electrode. A liquid crystal display device to which two vibration voltages are applied. 4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein each of the first oscillating voltage and the second oscillating voltage has a period of two horizontal scans and an equal amplitude. 5. 4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein, in an arbitrary vertical scanning time, the oscillating voltage applied to each second electrode of the plurality of pixels is different for each successive m rows. 6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5 , wherein each of the periods different for each of the consecutive m rows is m times one horizontal scanning time, and the amplitudes are equal to each other. Wherein the plurality of number of electrically independent CS bus lines among the CS bus lines is even, the liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The plurality of CS bus lines include a first CS bus line and a second CS bus line,
The pixel belonging to the other row is applied with the first oscillating voltage through the first CS bus line to the second electrode of the pixel belonging to one of the two adjacent rows at an arbitrary vertical scanning time. The second oscillating voltage is applied to the second electrode via the second CS bus line, the first oscillating voltage and the second oscillating voltage are applied simultaneously, and the first and second CS bus lines are connected to the gate. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 7 , which is parallel to the bus line. Voltage waveform of the oscillating voltage has two potential defining the maximum amplitude, including one potential matching the average potential, has at least three potentials, according to any of claims 1 to 8 Liquid crystal display device. When the auxiliary capacitance is CCS, the minimum value of the liquid crystal capacitance is CLC_min, and the threshold voltage of the electro-optical characteristic of the liquid crystal layer is Vth, the effective value of the oscillation voltage is 1 of Vth · {(CCS + CLC_min) / CCS}. / 10 is 1 times or less or more, the liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1-9. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 10 for performing display in normally black mode.

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